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Rotary kilns in current cement industry 回转窑在当前水泥工业中的应用
IF 0.7 4区 工程技术 Q4 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.32047/cwb.2020.25.2.5
W. Kurdowski, Ernest Jelito
Short rotary kilns with cyclone heat exchangers are commonly used in current cement industry. The principle is the installation of precalciner, even in the case of kilns with low capacity, not exceeding 3000 tons per day. The best method of tertiary air introducing is the usage of separate duct from grate cooler, which justifi es widespread use of these coolers. Alternative fuels, as whole tires, can be burned in precalciners, on special furnaces.
带旋风换热器的短回转窑是目前水泥工业中常用的一种设备。原则是安装预分解炉,即使是低容量的窑炉,每天也不超过3000吨。引入三次风的最佳方法是使用与篦冷器分开的管道,这证明了这些冷却器的广泛使用。替代燃料,如整个轮胎,可以在分解炉中,在特殊的炉子上燃烧。
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引用次数: 1
The proposition of implementing the lean construction concept based on normalized quality management systems in the organizations operating in the construction industry 提出在建筑行业组织中实施以规范化质量管理体系为基础的精益施工理念
IF 0.7 4区 工程技术 Q4 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.32047/cwb.2020.25.4.1
M. Bugdol, B. Goranczewski, Grzegorz Kądzielawski, Grzegorz Pakuła
The paper discusses the results of research on the maturity of the quality management system, implemented in selected organizations operating in the construction industry in terms of the possibility of introducing the concept of lean construction. Multiple studies have indicated the potential benefits which organizations may gain by applying lean principles, e.g. decreased costs, reduced construction time, and wastefulness. The aim of this paper is to develop a proposition – main tasks, of implementing the lean construction concept based on normalized quality management systems, in organizations operating in the construction industry. The research was carried out using documentation analysis, interviews, and a self-assessment method, consistent with ISO 9004. Its results confirm earlier findings e.g. (1, 2), according to which quality management systems may serve as the foundation for implementation of lean construction. However, it is vital to take the specific nature of the construction business into account, especially the fact that the construction works are connected with particular sources of wastefulness (3).
本文讨论了质量管理体系成熟度的研究结果,并在选定的建筑行业组织中实施,以引入精益建筑概念的可能性。多项研究表明,组织可以通过应用精益原则获得潜在的好处,例如降低成本,减少施工时间,减少浪费。本文的目的是提出一个命题,即在规范化质量管理体系的基础上,在建筑行业的组织中实施精益施工理念的主要任务。研究采用文件分析、访谈和自我评估方法进行,与ISO 9004一致。其结果证实了先前的发现,如(1,2),根据这些发现,质量管理体系可以作为实施精益建设的基础。然而,必须考虑到建造业的特定性质,特别是建筑工程与某些浪费来源有关的事实(3)。
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引用次数: 0
Properties of self-compacting concrete containing olive waste ash 橄榄废灰自密实混凝土的性能研究
IF 0.7 4区 工程技术 Q4 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.32047/CWB.2020.25.3.2
R. Cheraghalizadeh, T. Akçaoğlu
Reasonable and standardized use of local and waste resources is of great importance for the economic development in the world. The utilization of waste materials can result in enhanced properties and eco-friendly concrete, at the same time. In this study, it is aimed to evaluate the effect of olive waste ash on the mechanical and fracture properties of self-compacting concrete. For this purpose, self-compacting concrete mixes were prepared by the utilization of olive waste ash, in three different proportions and with two different dosages of superplasticizer. Alongside compressive and tensile strengths analysis, a series of three-point bending tests on notched beams were conducted for all mixes. Moreover, initial defects of all self-compacting mixes were evaluated by using the X-ray computed tomography method. Findings showed that using olive waste ash in self-compacting concrete mainly affects the tensile strength and fracture energy for the two different contents of superplasticizer.
合理、规范地利用地方和废弃物资源,对世界经济发展具有重要意义。同时,废物的利用可以提高混凝土的性能和生态友好性。本研究旨在评价橄榄废灰对自密实混凝土力学性能和断裂性能的影响。为此,利用橄榄废灰,以三种不同的比例和两种不同剂量的高效减水剂制备了自密实混凝土。除了抗压和抗拉强度分析外,还对所有混合料进行了缺口梁的一系列三点弯曲试验。此外,采用x射线计算机断层扫描方法对所有自密实混合料的初始缺陷进行了评估。结果表明:橄榄废灰在自密实混凝土中的掺入对两种减水剂掺量的影响主要是抗拉强度和断裂能;
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引用次数: 1
Mechanical properties and microstructure of cement multicomponent systems containing pozzolan materials under sulfate attack 硫酸盐侵蚀下含火山灰水泥多组分体系的力学性能和微观结构
IF 0.7 4区 工程技术 Q4 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.32047/cwb.2020.25.2.6
Selahattin Güzelküçük, I. Demir, Özer Sevim, I. Kalkan
Sulfates are a significant chemical components that may lead to failures of cement concrete composites. The present study is dedicated to analyzing the effects of sulfate on the microstructure of cement composite mortars. For this purpose, cementing composite specimens were prepared with 20% pozzolan mixture [fly ash + granulated blastfurnace slag + bottom ash] by mass of cement, together with the reference additive-free specimen of cement concrete, without any mineral admixtures. These cementing composite mortar specimens were then treated for 2, 7, 28, 90, and 360 days in tap water and 10% sodium sulfate solution. The microstructure of the additive-free mortar and composite cement mortar, partially replaced with 20% pozzolan, was then investigated using a scanning electron microscope. The results showed that increasing curing time also increases the formation of C-S-H [calcium silicate hydrate] gel in the cement mortar, when the microstructural changes in the cement are explored in detail. Ettringite formation [3CaO·Al2O3·3CaSO4·32H2O] in the specimens cured in 10% Na2SO4 was also noticed, in the present experiments.
硫酸盐是可能导致水泥混凝土复合材料失效的重要化学成分。本研究旨在分析硫酸盐对水泥复合砂浆微观结构的影响。为此,在不添加任何矿物外加剂的情况下,以水泥质量为20%的火山灰混合料[粉煤灰+粒状高炉矿渣+底灰]与水泥混凝土参考无外加剂试件一起制备胶结复合试件。分别在自来水和10%硫酸钠溶液中处理2、7、28、90和360天。用扫描电镜观察了部分用20%火山灰替代无添加剂砂浆和复合水泥砂浆的微观结构。结果表明,延长养护时间也增加了水泥砂浆中C-S-H[水化硅酸钙]凝胶的形成,并对水泥的微观结构变化进行了详细的探讨。在10% Na2SO4固化的试样中,还观察到钙矾石形成[3CaO·Al2O3·3CaSO4·32H2O]。
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引用次数: 4
Performance of multicomponent Portland cements containing granulated blast furnace slag, zeolite, and limestone 含有粒状高炉矿渣、沸石和石灰石的多组分硅酸盐水泥的性能
IF 0.7 4区 工程技术 Q4 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.32047/cwb.2020.25.5.7
M. Sanytsky, Aleksander Usherov-Marshak, T. Kropyvnytska, Iryna Heviuk
The paper presents the results of research on the influence of granulated blast furnace slag, natural pozzolana [superzeolite], and limestone powder on the performance of multi-component cements. It was found that the synergistic combination of mineral additives of different genesis, taking into account the influence of the particle size distribution [PSD] by volume and surface area, as well as the determination of indicators of the influence of physical factors such as water demand, bleeding, pozzolanic activity, the heat of hydration on the set of properties of paste and concrete: workability, standard, and early strength, global warming potential, allows to obtain technologically optimized multi-component Portland cements. The results showed that the production of multi-component Portland cement with high early strength CEM II/B-M 42.5 R-LH ensures separate grinding of individual constituents, optimization of grain composition of slag, superzeolite, and limestone powder taking into account the PSD by surface area.
本文介绍了粒状高炉矿渣、天然超沸石、石灰石粉对多组分水泥性能影响的研究结果。研究发现,考虑到粒径分布[PSD]按体积和比表面积的影响,以及需水量、出血性、火山灰活性、水化热等物理因素对膏体和混凝土集性能影响指标的测定,不同成因矿物添加剂的协同组合:可加工性、标准强度、早期强度、全球变暖潜势,可获得技术优化的多组分硅酸盐水泥。结果表明:高早强CEMⅱ/B-M 42.5 R-LH多组分硅酸盐水泥的生产保证了各组分的分离磨矿,同时考虑了比表面积PSD,优化了矿渣、超沸石和石灰石粉的颗粒组成;
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引用次数: 8
Investigations on the resistivity of XD3 reinforced concrete for chloride ions and corrosion with calcium nitrate inhibitor and superplasticizers 硝酸钙缓蚀剂和高效减水剂对XD3钢筋混凝土氯离子电阻率及腐蚀性能的研究
IF 0.7 4区 工程技术 Q4 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.32047/cwb.2020.25.4.7
Shaymaa Abbas Abdulsada, T. Török
This work presents a study of the total chloride contents in concrete and the corrosion process by testing electrical resistivity and half-cell potential of concrete samples. The analysis was based on an experimental investigation of the samples with the time of immersion in 3.5% mass NaCl aqueous solution at room temperature for 18 months, according to European Standards. For this study, different mixtures of concrete were prepared by adding two types of superplasticizers and calcium nitrate inhibitor, in different concentrations. The results of the Cl- ions test showed that all the samples, after an immersion testing period of six months, contained high concentrations of Cl- ions. Samples C4 with 3% calcium nitrate inhibitor and Oxydtron superplasticizer as well as C3 with 3% calcium nitrate inhibitor and Mapei Dynamon SR 31 superplasticizer, showed good resistance to corrosion, in the tested environment. It was also proved by the results of several sets of measurements of the electrical resistivity and half-cell potentials carried on the concrete test samples, to the end of the 18 months testing period.
通过测试混凝土样品的电阻率和半电池电位,研究了混凝土中总氯化物含量和腐蚀过程。根据欧洲标准,该分析是基于对样品在室温下浸泡在3.5%质量NaCl水溶液中18个月的实验调查。在本研究中,通过添加两种不同浓度的高效减水剂和硝酸钙抑制剂,制备了不同的混凝土混合物。氯离子测试结果表明,经过6个月的浸泡测试,所有样品都含有高浓度的氯离子。在测试环境中,添加3%硝酸钙缓蚀剂和Oxydtron高效减水剂的C4样品和添加3%硝酸钙缓蚀剂和Mapei Dynamon SR 31高效减水剂的C3样品表现出良好的耐腐蚀性。在18个月的测试期结束前,对混凝土测试样品进行了几组电阻率和半电池电位测量,结果也证明了这一点。
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引用次数: 0
Assessment of the scope of activities for sustainable development in the cement industry in Poland with the use of multi-dimensional comparative analysis 利用多维比较分析评估波兰水泥工业可持续发展活动的范围
IF 0.7 4区 工程技术 Q4 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.32047/cwb.2020.25.1.4
J. Łapińska, Iwona Escher, Grzegorz Kądzielawski, P. Brzustewicz
The article uses the linear ordering method, which falls under the multi-dimensional comparative analysis methods, to assess the scope of activities for sustainable development carried out by cement industry companies operating in Poland. This assessment was based on the structure of the synthetic measure [Qi], which included three diagnostic variables: (i) the scope of environmental and social activities communicated by the company, (ii) the number of published reports in CSRinfo, (iii) company size measured by its market share. The analysis allowed for the identifi cation of leaders in the fi eld of communicated activities that are part of the activities undertaken for sustainable development. They are primarily the largest entities of the cement industry in Poland, which are part of global capital groups.
本文采用属于多维比较分析法的线性排序法,对在波兰经营的水泥工业公司开展的可持续发展活动范围进行评估。该评估基于综合度量[Qi]的结构,其中包括三个诊断变量:(i)公司传达的环境和社会活动的范围,(ii)在CSRinfo上发表的报告数量,(iii)以市场份额衡量的公司规模。通过分析,可以确定作为可持续发展活动一部分的传播活动领域的领导者。它们主要是波兰水泥行业最大的实体,是全球资本集团的一部分。
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引用次数: 0
Mechanical properties of engineered cementitious composites developed with silica fume 用硅灰开发的工程胶凝复合材料的力学性能
IF 0.7 4区 工程技术 Q4 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.32047/cwb.2020.25.4.3
N. Arivusudar, S. Suresh Babu
Engineered Cementitious Composites are generally the ultra-high—performance fiber-reinforced composites, which have very good mechanical properties. Engineered Cementitious Composites are similar to normal conventional concrete with cement, fi ne sand, fly ash, but without coarse aggregate. Engineered Cementitious Composites have a high content of cement, which is causing this material to be far from the sustainability. The mechanical and durability properties of Engineered Cementitious Composites can be improved by the addition of fly ash. The properties of Engineered Cementitious Composites can be also improved by the partial replacement of cement by fly ash, up to 40%. In this study, an attempt is made to straighten the Engineered Cementitious Composites by the addition of silica fume, leaving the content of fly ash without changes. Eight different mix proportions are used in this investigation, which includes one conventional mix and mixes with the addition of 10% to 70% of silica fume with the distance of 10%. The addition of silica fume to Engineered Cementitious Composites is causing the remarkable improvement of the mechanical properties of these mixes.
工程胶凝复合材料一般是超高性能的纤维增强复合材料,具有非常好的力学性能。工程胶凝复合材料与普通的常规混凝土类似,含有水泥、细砂、粉煤灰,但没有粗骨料。工程胶凝复合材料具有高含量的水泥,这是导致这种材料的可持续性很远。粉煤灰的掺入可以提高工程胶凝复合材料的力学性能和耐久性。粉煤灰替代部分水泥可提高工程胶凝复合材料的性能,最高可达40%。本研究尝试在不改变粉煤灰含量的情况下,通过添加硅灰对工程胶凝复合材料进行拉直。在本研究中使用了八种不同的混合比例,其中包括一种常规混合和添加10%至70%硅粉的混合,距离为10%。在工程胶凝复合材料中加入硅灰,使这些混合料的力学性能得到显著改善。
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引用次数: 2
The ability of clay-cement hydraulic binders to accumulate aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons 粘土-水泥水力结合剂积累脂肪族和芳香烃的能力
IF 0.7 4区 工程技术 Q4 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.32047/cwb.2020.25.1.6
A. Stempkowska
Environmental pollution by oil derivatives is one of the most important ecological problems. The penetration of insuffi ciently treated refi nery-petrochemical wastewater into lands, open water reservoirs, arable lands, as well as failures and accidents involving petroleum products, can cause serious consequences resulting from the highly toxic and carcinogenic nature of these substances. The article presents the possibilities of clay and cement binders application to reduce the migration of organic pollutants from heavily contaminated soils. The conducted research showed that in the case of heavily contaminated soils (e.g. from the Glasgow waste landfi ll) the penetration of aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons can be signifi cantly reduced. The part of aliphatic hydrocarbons, that migrated into the penetrating solutions during whole measurements time, did not exceed the standard requirements.
石油衍生物对环境的污染是最重要的生态问题之一。未经充分处理的炼油-石化废水进入土地、露天水库、耕地,以及涉及石油产品的故障和事故,由于这些物质的高毒性和致癌性,可能造成严重后果。本文介绍了应用粘土和水泥粘结剂来减少重度污染土壤中有机污染物迁移的可能性。所进行的研究表明,在严重污染的土壤(例如来自格拉斯哥垃圾填埋场)的情况下,芳香族和脂肪族碳氢化合物的渗透可以显著减少。在整个测量过程中,渗透溶液中脂肪族烃的迁移量没有超过标准要求。
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引用次数: 0
The effect of the strengthening of AAC masonry walls using FRCM system 采用FRCM体系加固AAC砖墙的效果
IF 0.7 4区 工程技术 Q4 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.32047/cwb.2020.25.5.4
Ł. Drobiec, R. Jasiński, W. Mazur, Remigiusz Jonkiel
This paper describes results from testing the tensile strength of compressed masonry walls strengthened with fiber-reinforced cement matrix [FRCM] system on one side, both sides, or without any strengthening. Test models were prepared from masonry units made of autoclaved aerated concrete SOLBET OPTIMAL 4/600. Walls were built with a ready-mixed mortar for thin layer joints of class M5, without fi lling head joints. PBO fi bre grids embedded in a mineral matrix were used as superfi cial strengthening. Lateral surfaces of masonry walls were strengthened with ready-mixed mortar PBO-MX GOLD MASONRY with embedded grid PBO--MESH GOLD 22/22. Then, the surface layer of ready-mix mortar PBO-MX GOLD MASONRY was applied. The used superfi cial strengthening provided an additional strengthening of the cracked models and their safer behaviour after failure.
本文介绍了纤维增强水泥基(FRCM)体系单侧加固、双面加固和不加固砌体受压墙体的抗拉强度测试结果。试验模型由蒸压加气混凝土SOLBET OPTIMAL 4/600砌体单元制备。墙体采用预拌砂浆,M5级薄层缝,无填头缝。PBO纤维网格嵌入在矿物基质中作为表面强化。砌体墙的侧面用预拌砂浆PBO- mx GOLD砌体加固,嵌有网格PBO- MESH GOLD 22/22。然后,采用预拌砂浆PBO-MX GOLD砌体面层。所使用的表面强化为破裂模型提供了额外的强化和它们在破坏后的更安全行为。
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引用次数: 6
期刊
Cement Wapno Beton
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