Ekuilibrium Jurnal Ilmiah Bidan Ilmu Ekonomi最新文献

Abstract. Rice bran is a significant by-product of the processing of rice, and rice bran oil (RBO) can be extracted from it to provide a very valuable product. It has a high smoke point but is less stable in the heating process. Further research is carried out to increase the stability of Rice Bran Oil in its utilization. Many environmentally friendly methods are being developed in storing and packaging food, including the application of microencapsulation. This study aims to determine the effect of the use of glutaraldehyde crosslinking agent on rice bran oil microencapsulation by utilizing the natural polymers of kappa carrageenan, glucomannan, and chitosan as encapsulants using the coacervation method. Microcapsules were analyzed for their encapsulation efficiency and yield and were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometer (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and Particle Size Analyzer (PSA). Results show that increasing the amount of glutaraldehyde tends to increase the yield and efficiency of encapsulation. A yield of 49.20% was obtained by adding 1 mL of glutaraldehyde with an encapsulation efficiency of 48.22%. All samples have irregular shapes and the surfaces were rough and folded. FTIR spectra show that all samples indicated the presence of RBO as well as other polymers used in the research: carrageenan, chitosan, and glucomannan. The results of PSA show that particles are in micron size except for the addition of 1 mL glutaraldehyde.

Keywords:

Rice Bran Oil. Glutaraldehyde, Complex Coacervation

Abstract. Membrane is a separation technology between permeate and feed. The challenge in applying this technology is related to the ingredients that can cause fouling. Cellulose acetate membrane is a porous membrane as a solution to overcome fouling problems.The selectivity level of cellulose acetate membranes in the microfiltration process for water and wastewater treatment is very high. Utilization of kepok banana frond waste as an alternative material for making cellulose acetate membranes that are biodegradable, can be decomposed quickly by microorganisms with a limited shelf life. The aim of this research is to apply cellulose acetate membranes from kepok banana fronds for the microfiltration process in water and wastewater treatment with varying concentrations of acetone using the phase inversion method. The cellulose content contained in the kepok banana fronds is 54.3%. The composition for making the membrane is 2 gr cellulose acetate; PVA 20 ml; and PEG 1.7 ml with various concentrations of acetone 15, 20 and 25 ml. The results of the SEM test of the membrane with a concentration of 25 ml of acetone solvent had the best characteristics with a pore size of 0.0932 μm; thickness of 1.778 mm and swelling index of 9.87%. The highest average flux value was owned by the membrane with a concentration of 20 ml, namely 71.3444 l/m2.hour The lowest flux value was owned by the membrane with a concentration of 25 ml, namely 55.5549 l/m2.hour.

Keywords:

Membrane, Microfiltration, Cellulose Acetate, Banana Frond, Acetone

Abstract. Biogas is an alternative energy that is formed from the fermentation of organic matter in gaseous form. Biogas consists of several gas mixtures with the main components methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) with a small amount of steam. Biogas is an alternative technology that produces environmentally friendly, cheap and renewable fuel because it comes from biomass, organic liquid waste, food scraps, organic waste, leaves and animal manure resulting from the fermentation process. This study aims to purify biogas by adsorption method using activated carbon and zeolite adsorbents to obtain optimal methane gas by varying the biogas flow rate and the amount of adsorbent composition. Variation in the ratio of the amount of adsorbent (activated carbon: zeolite) is 0%:100%, 30%:70%, 50%:50%, 70%:30%, 100%:0% and the flow rate variation used is 0.2 liter/minute, 0.4 liter/minute, and 0.6 liter/minute. From the purification results, an analysis of the gas content contained in the biogas was carried out using a gas analyzer. The results showed that the best flow rate was the smallest flow rate, which was 0.2 liter/minute, and the best variation in the amount of adsorbent was 0%:100% adsorbent (activated carbon: zeolite) with 81.40% methane content.

Keywords:

Biogas, Activated Carbon, Zeolie, Adsorption, Purification,

The industry in Indonesia is currently experiencing significant development dominated by workers in the informal sector. During the business/production processes, problems are often encountered, leading to injuries or wounds. Burn wound are caused by heat sources such as fire, electricity, hazardous chemicals, and radiation. One natural substance with the potential to be used as an alternative treatment for burn wound is mangosteen peel. Mangosteen peel contains active biochemical compounds, including flavonoids, tannins, xanthones, and alkaloid derivatives, which have anti-inflammatory effects that can aid in the wound healing process by promoting collagen formation. Additionally, the presence of saponins in mangosteen peel makes it antibacterial. This research aims to explore the potential of mangosteen peel patches in the healing of burn injuries often experienced by informal industrial workers. The research method used secondary data through a literature review study. Article searches were conducted using keywords such as 'wound' and 'mangosteen peel.' Through the analysis of 10 articles, it was found that mangosteen peel has great potential to be utilized as a mangosteen peel patch, with a wound healing percentage of up to 83% over 21 days at an optimum concentration of 15%. The availability of patches made from mangosteen peel extract (Garcinia mangostana L.) is expected to assist informal workers or UMKM in addressing burn wound they may encounter during work while also helping to utilize waste that would otherwise go unused.

Keywords:

Biochemical compounds, Burn wound, Informal Sector, Mangosteen Peel, Plaster

Abstract. Conventional plastics made from petroleum polymers were the largest contributor to solid waste on earth. Environmentally friendly bioplastic fabricated by compositing starch and natural fibers were proposed to be a solution to this problem. The purpose of this research was to synthesize bioplastic from water hyacinth fiber composite with cassava starch and test its mechanical properties. Bioplastic fabrication was using melt intercalation method using water hyacinth fibers (WHF) with and without alkali treatment mixed with cassava starch (CS) and glycerol as plasticizer. The resulting bioplastic were characterized with FT-IR and tested for mechanical properties. The mechanical test results showed that water hyacinth fiber alkaline treated/cassava starch (WHF-AT/CS) bioplastic has tensile strength, % elongation, and water absorption values of 1.226 MPa, 3.33%, and 10.26%, respectively. While the bioplastic water hyacinth fiber untreated/cassava starch (WHF-UT/CS) has a tensile strength test value, % elongation, and water absorption of 0.306 MPa, 1.67%, and 11.39, respectively. Therefore it can be said that WHF-AT/CS bioplastic has better mechanical properties when compared to WHF-UT/CS bioplastic.

Keywords:

Biocomposite, Bioplastic, Cassava Starch, Water Hyacinth Fiber