Health Psychology Open最新文献

Parental burnout (PB) has adverse effects on parents and children. The aim of the present study was to develop a multilingual version of the Brief Parental Burnout Scale (BPBS) adapted to the Swiss context in order to (1) provide practitioners working with families in different language regions of Switzerland with a screening tool, and (2) to estimate initial prevalence rates for risk of PB. Overall, results indicate, that the Trilingual Swiss BPBS (3-L-BPBS) is a promising screening tool, allowing for early detection of parents at risk and therefore for the prevention of negative consequences of PB. Further, results suggests that a substantial proportion of Swiss parents is at moderate to high risk for PB, with prevalence rates varying between language regions. However, additional research is needed to further validate the 3-L-BPBS and to deepen our understanding of the impact of structural and cultural differences on PB.

This study delves into the realm of informal cancer caregivers. Through a meticulous bibliometric analysis, the study sheds light on the burgeoning interest in this field, with a significant focus on the psychological well-being, subjective burden, and psychosocial support for caregivers. A significant portion of the retrieved articles (n = 1366) was published after 2017 and primarily disseminated through a select number of journals. Notably, the study reveals a substantial gap in randomized controlled trials addressing interventions tailored to family caregivers, indicating a critical need for more high-quality trials to guide effective support strategies. Despite the increasing recognition of caregivers' significance, limited research collaboration was observed, emphasizing the importance of fostering collaborative efforts to address cultural differences and expand the scope of research on cancer caregivers globally. The findings underscore the urgent call for comprehensive interventions and collaborative endeavors to optimize the well-being of family caregivers.

The present study examined tobacco health perceptions, regulation attitudes, and cessation intentions among California adults before and after the COVID-19 lockdown, given the pandemic's mixed impact on tobacco use. An online survey of California adults was conducted in two phases: pre-lockdown (March 2020, n = 1349) and post-lockdown (May 2020, n = 1201). Participants (M age 30.29 years; SD = 5.91) from both samples were predominately former or current smokers, male, and non-Hispanic White (>60% for all). This method allowed for a comparison of attitudes and behaviors across two distinct periods with two samples. There were significant differences between pre- and post-lockdown risk perceptions, regulatory attitudes, and cessation intentions. Examining shifts in perceptions and attitudes amidst the pandemic aids in understanding the complex and dynamic nature of tobacco behavior change through the lens of a major socioenvironmental event to guide future tobacco control efforts.

Care for individuals with dementia, predominantly provided by family members, was associated with significant physical and emotional stress. Existing guidelines for supporting caregivers were frequently based on limited evidence. A cross-sectional clinical study involving 104 pairs of caregivers and individuals with dementia was conducted. The study evaluated psychological stress, anxiety, and depression levels among family caregivers, alongside the severity of dementia and challenges with daily activities faced by the individuals with dementia. The findings demonstrated that the severity of dementia in patients had a statistically significant impact on the psychological stress experienced by family caregivers, as did the challenges associated with daily activities. Furthermore, caregiver anxiety was shown to exacerbate their psychological burden, an effect amplified by greater difficulties in daily activities and higher dementia severity. Additionally, it was observed that caregivers' psychological stress increased in correlation with heightened levels of depression, irrespective of the severity of dementia or the patient's difficulties with daily activities.

This study investigated the impact of online psychological flexibility training and support provided by peers on self-rated health (SRH) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among adults with overweight. It was a secondary analysis of a single-arm multi-center intervention study that was conducted in a real-life context. In a 2-years acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) lifestyle intervention, participants (N = 177) engaged in online ACT activities while receiving support from trained peers. Participants completed surveys at baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months. The research data were analyzed with structural equation modelling. At baseline, the participants with high SRH (n = 83) had higher psychological flexibility and HRQoL than did participants with low SRH (n = 94). At 24 months, the participants with low SRH at baseline reported increases in SRH, vitality and depression dimensions of HRQoL, and psychological flexibility. Increased psychological flexibility was associated with improved SRH.

Thirteen studies were included in the current systematic review and meta-analysis with 1131 participants. Both within- and between-group comparisons demonstrated reductions in depressive and PTSD symptoms with medium effect sizes post MBSR intervention. Additionally, MBSR demonstrated small effects in improving mindfulness in veterans at post-intervention. Maintenance of treatment effects were observed at follow-up for the three outcomes during within-group comparisons. Treatment effects were maintained at follow-up between-groups for depression and mindfulness, but not for PTSD symptoms. Furthermore, there were no significant differences between MBSR and cognitive behavioural therapy/person-centred group therapy intervention groups in the three outcomes.

This qualitative research study explored the thoughts, emotions, and behaviours of adults aged between 35 and 45 who managed their type 2 diabetes effectively and adults who struggled with diabetes self-management in a South African setting. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 17 adults who engaged in either successful self-management or who struggled with self-management. Effective management was characterised by an HbA1c level of 8% or lower. This group comprised of nine individuals. The participants who faced challenges with self-management had HbA1c levels ranging between 10% and 14%. This group consisted of eight participants. The data were analysed using inductive thematic analysis, and four main themes were identified: the emotional experience, prominent cognitions, practising acceptance and the mechanisms of behavioural change. These themes identified key determinants of individuals' self-management practices and can contribute to providing information for future cognitive behaviour therapy interventions to be developed that target specific components to improve self-management practices.

Extensive training, overuse, overexertion, and repetitive movements put Soldiers at increased risk for musculoskeletal injuries (MSIs). The present study investigated the prospective association between psychological strengths, physiological and social factors, and non-combat-related MSI in a sample of 24,746 active duty Army Soldiers. Over a mean follow-up period of 21.07 months (SD = 16.07), 65.42% of the Soldiers examined were treated for an MSI. Applying survival analysis techniques and adjusting for relevant physiological and social factors, we found greater baseline Optimism, Positive Affect, Coping, and Adaptability were each associated with a modest reduction in risk of MSI (4-8%). Additionally, being older, female, married, and having a higher BMI were each associated with an increased MSI risk, whereas being an officer (relative to enlisted) and obtaining post-secondary education were each associated with a decreased MSI risk. Future research should examine the mechanisms through which psychological-based interventions may impact Soldiers' risk of MSI.

This study assessed the quality of life of informal caregivers for individuals with mental health problems in the Netherlands. An online survey was administered to a panel of informal caregivers in June 2020 (n = 261). Informal caregivers of persons with mental problems were found to have an exceptionally low quality of life. A high subjective burden (p < .001), lower perseverance time (p = .016), low caregiver overall health status (p = .004) and psychological wellbeing (p = .008), younger caregiver age (p = .011), child caregiving responsibilities (p = .025), and no social support network (p = .038) were associated with worse quality of life scores. These findings shed light on the significant challenges faced by informal caregivers of persons with mental health problem. This raises concerns about the long-term sustainability of informal care and mental healthcare reform.

Background: The Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ) is a widely used self-report measure of eating styles, i.e., emotional, restrained, and external. A short and reliable version is useful for screening, routine assessments, and multipurpose surveys. Objective: The short version of the DEBQ by Bailly et al. (2012) was validated in the Italian context in two studies. Concurrent criterion validity was tested by considering gender, body mass index, self-esteem, eating self-efficacy, and snacking habits. Method: Data were collected via online questionnaires administered to two convenience samples of university students (n = 613, n = 856). Results: The three-factor structure of the short version of the DEBQ was supported and was invariant across genders. Correlations among the three eating styles, gender, body mass index, self-esteem, eating self-efficacy, and snacking habits followed the expected pattern. Conclusion: The short form of the DEBQ is psychometrically sound and can be used to investigate eating styles among Italian university students.