Journal of the Belgian Society of Radiology最新文献

Teaching point: Kaposi sarcoma is a rare disease most commonly occurring in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), in patients receiving immunosuppressants or in African patients. Radiological imaging has a role in facilitating the diagnosis and follow‑up, currently primarily with positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET‑CT) (1).

A case is presented of Boerhaave syndrome in a 70‑year‑old female patient complaining of dysphagia with solids for a long time. She consulted for abdominal pain for 24 hours, accompanied by nausea and fecal vomiting. The patient had tachypnea, tachycardia, hypoxia, abdominal guarding, and absence of bowel sounds. Thoracoabdominal computed tomography revealed significant pyloric wall thickening with secondary gastric distension, cervical subcutaneous emphysema, bilateral pleural effusion, and pneumomediastinum.

Objectives: This study investigates the relationship between lumbar disc degeneration and sociodemographic factors in a Malaysian cohort, focusing on the diagnostic potential of the disc-cerebrospinal fluid signal ratio (DCFR). With lumbar disc degeneration being a significant cause of low back pain, there is a need for simple yet effective diagnostic measures that are adaptable to diverse imaging conditions. Materials and methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 182 patients presenting with low back pain. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to assess disc degeneration using the Pfirrmann grading system, while the DCFR was calculated to quantify the severity of disc degeneration. Sociodemographic factors such as age, gender, and race were analyzed for their correlation with degeneration severity and DCFR. Results: The DCFR showed a strong negative correlation with Pfirrmann grades, with older patients and males exhibiting more severe degeneration. Sociodemographic factors significantly influenced degeneration patterns, particularly in the older age groups, with Malays showing a higher prevalence of moderate to severe degeneration. Conclusion: The DCFR provides a consistent and practical quantitative assessment of lumbar disc degeneration. It correlates well with traditional qualitative grading systems and is effective across various age group, making it a valuable tool for clinical and diagnostic applications in diverse populations.

Teaching point: Creating awareness of self‑limiting sternal tumour of childhood (SELSTOC) in infants with rapidly growing sternal swelling with normal blood results and without trauma and systemic inflammatory diseases.

Teaching point: Peripheral giant cell granuloma (PGCG) is a common benign hyperplastic reactive lesion that originates from the soft tissues of the oral cavity and should be considered following a tooth extraction.

Teaching point: Immunoglobulin G4‑related ophthalmic disease (IgG4‑ROD) may present only as diffuse thickening of the orbital branches of the trigeminal nerve.

Teaching point: Periosteal chondroma is a rare type of chondroma characterized by a subperiosteal, calcified soft tissue mass that compresses the cortical bone and does not involve the medullary cavity.

Teaching point: This is a review of the typical radiological features of a mature mediastinal teratoma with a rare presentation of spontaneous pleural rupture.

This report aims to present a very rare case of progressive limited mouth opening (trismus) in an 8‑year‑old child caused by calcification of the sphenomandibular ligament. This case highlights the difficulty of diagnostic and therapeutic challenges associated with this disorder. We discuss the detailed clinical and radiological approach, including the imaging techniques used to identify the calcification, as well as the treatment option chosen, namely maxillofacial physiotherapy. This report provides new information to the existing literature on this rare entity and to provide useful information for the clinical management of similar cases. Teaching point: Sphenomandibular ligament ossification is a very rare cause of limitation of mouth opening and can be a challenging diagnosis.

We report a case of a dialysis patient with painful leg ulcers and a clinical suspicion of calciphylaxis. Conventional radiography revealed extensive hypodermic vascular calcifications, characteristic of the disease. A computed tomography (CT) was performed and objectified the progression of the disease within a few years. This case underscores the value of conventional radiography in cases of suspicion of calciphylaxis and the added value of CT.