Journal of the Belgian Society of Radiology最新文献

Teaching point: Periosteal chondroma is a rare type of chondroma characterized by a subperiosteal, calcified soft tissue mass that compresses the cortical bone and does not involve the medullary cavity.

Teaching point: This is a review of the typical radiological features of a mature mediastinal teratoma with a rare presentation of spontaneous pleural rupture.

This report aims to present a very rare case of progressive limited mouth opening (trismus) in an 8‑year‑old child caused by calcification of the sphenomandibular ligament. This case highlights the difficulty of diagnostic and therapeutic challenges associated with this disorder. We discuss the detailed clinical and radiological approach, including the imaging techniques used to identify the calcification, as well as the treatment option chosen, namely maxillofacial physiotherapy. This report provides new information to the existing literature on this rare entity and to provide useful information for the clinical management of similar cases. Teaching point: Sphenomandibular ligament ossification is a very rare cause of limitation of mouth opening and can be a challenging diagnosis.

We report a case of a dialysis patient with painful leg ulcers and a clinical suspicion of calciphylaxis. Conventional radiography revealed extensive hypodermic vascular calcifications, characteristic of the disease. A computed tomography (CT) was performed and objectified the progression of the disease within a few years. This case underscores the value of conventional radiography in cases of suspicion of calciphylaxis and the added value of CT.

Background: Varicocele is a common condition in men that can lead to several clinical problems. Treatment modalities include surgical and non‑surgical methods. There has been no randomized controlled trial proving the superiority of one treatment approach over another. Materials and methods: We conducted an 8‑year retrospective analysis of varicocele embolization procedures at our department of Interventional Radiology. Demographic data, procedure details, procedure success and complications were collected. Telephone interviews were also conducted at the time of the study. Results: A total of 182 interventions were performed. Median age of patients at presentation was 31 years (range, 12-71). Median follow‑up duration was 44.5 months (range, 3.4-106.9). Employed embolic agents were coils in 171/182 (91.94%) cases. Technical success rate was 88.15%. Ultrasonographic success was accomplished in 44.87% patients. Clinical success rate in patients referred for scrotal pain was 70.42%. Fluoroscopy time was 20.3 ± 14.9 min (mean ± SD), dose area product was 63.2 ± 50.5 Gy∙cm² (mean ± SD) and kinetic energy released per unit mass was 193.2 ± 173.6 (mean ± SD). Minor complications were encountered in 19/182 (10.45%) of the interventions. Conclusions: Varicocele embolization was found to be an efficient and safe procedure for patients referred for scrotal pain. Randomized controlled trials are warranted to elaborate treatment algorithms in varicocele patients.

Background: We assess the clinical outcomes and utility of cone‑beam computed tomography (CBCT) during transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) in patients with malignant intractable hematuria, related to lower urinary tract malignancy. Methods: A total of 22 consecutive patients (20 males and 2 females; age 71.8 ± 9.6 years) underwent CBCT during TAE for malignant intractable hematuria from May 2023 to August 2024. CBCT was performed on both internal iliac arteries for selective imaging. Contrast‑enhanced three‑dimensional (3D) images were acquired during breath‑hold for embolization planning, with automated feeder detection aiding vessel visualization. Follow‑up CT was performed 2-3 months after TAE, and regular visits monitored hematuria recurrence and treatment effects. Results: In all, 27 TAE procedures were performed in 22 patients, including those with bladder and prostate cancers. Technical success was achieved with all procedures. Clinical improvement in hematuria was observed in 86.4% of patients within 2 days. Five patients required re‑intervention, and all improved. Significant changes were noted in hemoglobin, heart rate, transfusion, and tumor size, with 85.7% showing tumor reduction on follow‑up imaging. CBCT provided valuable information in 52.1% cases, leading to treatment plan adjustments, particularly in identifying additional feeders and enabling superselective embolization. No major complications were reported. Conclusion: TAE is a safe and effective treatment for malignant intractable hematuria, leading to significant clinical improvement. CBCT further enhances TAE by providing crucial imaging that optimizes the embolization process.

Teaching point: Although computed tomography (CT) is the diagnostic gold standard for acute subdural hematoma, the absence of clear trauma should prompt the use of computed tomography angiography (CTA) to identify potential underlying causes, such as ruptured aneurysms, which can significantly influence treatment decisions.

Teaching point: To highlight the potential complications associated with AQUAfilling injections, emphasizing the importance of early detection and proper management.

Teaching point: Spectral tomography offers valuable complementary diagnostic tools in the setting of cerebral fat macroembolism, a rare condition often presenting with nonspecific clinical symptoms.

Key message: Patients with polysplenia syndrome can develop pulmonary hypertension and heart failure due to underlying congenital heart disease, underscoring the need for early recognition and intervention to prevent further progression of the condition.