Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution最新文献_第9页

Evolutionary history of Ridge-nosed Rattlesnakes (Crotalus willardi): A specialized and diverse montane species 脊鼻响尾蛇（Crotalus willardi）的进化史：一种特殊的、多样化的山地物种。

IF 3.6 1区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution

Pub Date : 2025-12-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2025.108522

Michael J. Buontempo , Philip Lavretsky , Rhett M. Rautsaw , Lauren M. McFarland , Ramses Alejandro Rosales-García , Jason L. Strickland , Miguel Borja , Jason Jones , Ricardo Ramírez Chaparro , Robert W. Bryson Jr. , Christopher L. Parkinson , Michael G. Harvey

Mountain organisms often exhibit complex distributions, patterns of variation, and evolutionary histories due to the topographical, climatic, and orogenic complexity of the areas in which they occur. Many montane taxa, however, lack the detailed sampling across space and the genome required to characterize diversity or estimate key evolutionary parameters. Here, we leverage comprehensive sampling, genome-wide data, and a draft genome assembly to investigate patterns of diversity and evolutionary history within a widespread but poorly studied snake, the Ridge-nosed Rattlesnake (Crotalus willardi), that inhabits the montane pine-oak woodlands in the Sierra Madre Occidental and Madrean Archipelago. We test for population genetic structure, measure gene flow and admixture between populations, and estimate phylogenetic history and divergence times among groups. We find substantial genetic structure, with up to seven differentiated populations, only three of which correspond with existing subspecific taxonomy. We identify one putative recent admixture event as well as evidence of historical gene flow among populations. We find that southern populations are generally older than those currently occurring in the Madrean Archipelago, which diverged within the last 0.6 million years. Together, our results reveal that current taxonomy fails to capture the substantial diversity and complex evolutionary processes at work in this species of montane snake and suggest that high-resolution sampling is crucial to understanding the biotic history of complex montane regions.

山地生物由于其所在地区的地形、气候和造山带的复杂性，往往表现出复杂的分布、变异模式和进化历史。然而，许多山地分类群缺乏详细的跨空间采样和基因组，以表征多样性或估计关键的进化参数。在这里，我们利用全面的采样、全基因组数据和基因组组装草图来研究一种分布广泛但研究较少的蛇的多样性模式和进化史，脊鼻响尾蛇（Crotalus willardi），它生活在西马德雷山脉和马德雷群岛的山地松橡树林地。我们测试群体遗传结构，测量群体之间的基因流动和混合，并估计群体之间的系统发育历史和分化时间。我们发现了大量的遗传结构，有多达7个不同的群体，其中只有3个与现有的亚特异性分类相对应。我们确定了一个假定的近期混合事件以及种群间历史基因流动的证据。我们发现，南方的种群通常比目前在马德兰群岛出现的种群更古老，马德兰群岛在过去的60万年里出现了分化。总之，我们的研究结果表明，目前的分类方法未能捕捉到这种山地蛇的大量多样性和复杂的进化过程，并表明高分辨率采样对了解复杂山地地区的生物历史至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Structural dynamics of chloroplast genome in Paphiopedilum (Orchidaceae): in response to natural hybridization 兰属植物叶绿体基因组的结构动态：对自然杂交的响应。

IF 3.6 1区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution

Pub Date : 2025-12-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2025.108521

Xue-Ying Wei , Ai-Qun Hu , Jin Zhou , Jiang-Ping Shu , Wei-Yue Sun , Li-Qiang Li , Jian-Wen Shao , Hui Wang , Yue-Hong Yan

Chloroplast genomes, once considered highly conserved, have been shown to exhibit significant structural variations, though the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the chloroplast genome structure of eight populations comprising 76 individuals of Paphiopedilum barbigerum, P. helenae, and P. vejvarutianum. By using chloroplast genome sequences and 15,924 nuclear SNP loci, we conducted analyses and validations of chloroplast genome structural recombination and natural hybridization. Our key findings include the following: (1) Structural variations in the chloroplast genomes were found to be stable and heritable across populations. (2) In P. barbigerum, populations exhibiting structural variation contained an unidentified insertion sequence in the SSC region, which was associated with a significant reduction in GC content within this region. (3) The presence of non-LTR retrotransposons suggests their potential role in the expansion and contraction of the IR region in Paphiopedilum, with this chloroplast variation potentially linked to natural hybridization events. (4) The incongruent phylogenetic relationships, gene flow and gene introgression among P. barbigerum, P. helenae, and P. vejvarutianum point to a history of hybridization within these species. Our study proposes that both transposon activity and hybridization play crucial roles in driving chloroplast structural variations. For the first time, the structural variations of chloroplasts have been linked to transposons and natural hybridization, breaking the traditional stereotype of chloroplasts being highly conserved. This discovery enhances our understanding of how natural hybridization contributes to species formation and provides a basis for exploring the evolutionary mechanisms of chloroplast genomes.

叶绿体基因组，一度被认为是高度保守的，已经显示出显著的结构变异，尽管潜在的机制尚不清楚。本研究对8个居群（76个个体）的barbigerum、P. helenae和P. vejvarutianum进行了叶绿体基因组结构分析。利用叶绿体基因组序列和15924个核SNP位点，对叶绿体基因组结构重组和自然杂交进行了分析和验证。我们的主要发现包括：(1)叶绿体基因组的结构变异在种群中是稳定的和可遗传的。(2) barbigerum的结构变异种群在SSC区含有一个未知的插入序列，这与该区域GC含量的显著降低有关。(3)非ltr逆转录转座子的存在表明，它们可能在Paphiopedilum IR区的扩张和收缩中发挥作用，这种叶绿体变异可能与自然杂交事件有关。(4) barbigerum、P. helenae和P. vejvarutianum之间不一致的系统发育关系、基因流动和基因渗入表明这些物种之间存在杂交史。我们的研究表明转座子活性和杂交在驱动叶绿体结构变化中起着至关重要的作用。首次将叶绿体的结构变异与转座子和自然杂交联系起来，打破了叶绿体高度保守的传统刻板印象。这一发现增强了我们对自然杂交如何促进物种形成的理解，并为探索叶绿体基因组的进化机制提供了基础。

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引用次数: 0

Erratum to “Target sequence capture informs generic delimitation and hybridization in the tribe Lasiopetaleae (Malvaceae)”. [Mol. Phylogenetics Evol. 213 (2025) 108445] “靶序列捕获为部落Lasiopetaleae （Malvaceae）的属界划分和杂交提供了信息”的勘误。[j].中国生物医学工程学报，2013(5):444 - 444。

IF 3.6 1区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution

Pub Date : 2025-12-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2025.108501

Benjamin M. Anderson , Todd G.B. McLay , Carolyn F. Wilkins , Kelly A. Shepherd

引用次数: 0

Diversification and hybridization in Andinocleome (Cleomaceae) 山铁锤科山铁锤属植物的多样化与杂交。

IF 3.6 1区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution

Pub Date : 2025-12-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2025.108517

Theresa Saunders, Henry Landis, Eric H. Roalson

Andinocleome sensu lato of the Andean clade of Cleomaceae contains eight species and presents an important study group for research in population dynamics, species boundaries, and hybridization as there are morphological variations within species (particularly A. anomala), questionable species boundaries, and hypothesized hybridization in the genus. In this research, we used target sequence capture and the Angiosperms353 probe set to generate data from 65 herbarium vouchers. These data were combined with previously published sequence data from an additional 112 specimens in the genus to resolve species boundaries and identify genetic diversity within species. The Hyb-Seq nuclear phylogenetic tree resolved species boundaries and provides an important framework for future studies in Andinocleome. Few studies in plants have applied the Angiosperms353 probe set to address population level dynamics using herbarium specimens, and our study expands on this research. We identified genetic variation between intraspecific populations by sampling from two “mass collections” representing morphological variation in the species A. anomala, in addition to sampling across the genus. We also used off-target chloroplast regions to construct a chloroplast phylogenetic tree; discordance between the nuclear and chloroplast trees indicated introgressive hybridization within Andinocleome. STRUCTURE, principal component analyses, SNaQ, and HyDe analyses further supported hybridization between multiple species within the clade. Our study resolves species boundaries despite significant hybridization and represents the most comprehensive genetic study to date in Andinocleome. We demonstrate that the Angiosperms353 probe set can be appropriate for identifying population structuring within species, even when utilizing herbarium specimens.

山蕨科安第斯支系的长尾蕨（Andinocleome sensu lato）包含8个种，是种群动态、种界和杂交研究的重要研究群体，因为种内存在形态变异（特别是A. anomala），种界存在问题，属内存在假设杂交。在这项研究中，我们使用靶序列捕获和Angiosperms353探针集从65份植物标本室凭证中生成数据。这些数据与先前发表的来自该属另外112个标本的序列数据相结合，以确定物种边界并确定物种内的遗传多样性。Hyb-Seq核系统发育树解决了物种边界问题，为今后的研究提供了重要框架。很少有研究利用植物标本室标本来研究被子植物的种群水平动态，本研究在此基础上进行了扩展。除了跨属取样外，我们还从代表A. anomala物种形态变异的两个“大规模收集”中取样，确定了种内种群之间的遗传变异。我们还利用非靶叶绿体区域构建了叶绿体系统发育树；核树和叶绿体树之间的不一致表明了颖花体内的渐渗杂交。结构分析、主成分分析、SNaQ和HyDe分析进一步支持了分支内多个物种之间的杂交。我们的研究解决了物种边界，尽管有显著的杂交，代表了迄今为止最全面的遗传研究。我们证明，即使在利用植物标本室标本时，Angiosperms353探针集也可以用于识别物种内的种群结构。

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引用次数: 0

Toward a new phylogeny-based classification of Flatidae (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha): a diversification shaped by angiosperm expansion 基于系统发育的新Flatidae分类（半翅目：Fulgoromorpha）：由被子植物扩张形成的多样化。

IF 3.6 1区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution

Pub Date : 2025-12-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2025.108508

Deqiang Ai , Bourgoin Thierry , Wenjun Bu , Yalin Zhang

Despite being one of the most diverse planthopper families with broad distribution and ecological significance, the internal classification of Flatidae has remained largely phenetic and of limited phylogenetic relevance. Here, we present the first comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of Flatidae, based on a multilocus dataset and broad, though still incomplete, genus-level sampling. Our results challenge the monophyly of most traditional subfamilies, tribes, and subtribes, and reveal three previously unrecognized major lineages with strong biogeographic structure: the siphantinian, flatinian, and selizinian lineages. The latter two comprise, respectively, three and five well-supported sublineages: phromniinan, phyllyphantinan, and flatinan for the former; and sisciinan, phantinan, selizinan, cryptoflatinan, and the Makaya⁺ sublineage for the latter. The origin of Flatidae is estimated to date back to the Late Jurassic, with diversification in their ancestral area, likely the Oriental region or the Old World, occurring during the Early Cretaceous. The geographic distributions of the newly emerged lineages show strong coherence with their phylogenetic structure. We interpret the early diversification of Flatidae as closely tied to the rise of angiosperms during the Cretaceous, which provided novel ecological opportunities and facilitated both radiation and long-term persistence across continents. Herein, we provide a new evolutionary framework for future morphological, ecological, and taxonomic research on Flatidae, and we contribute to a deeper understanding of diversification patterns among higher Fulgoroidea.

尽管飞虱科是分布最广、生态意义最丰富的飞虱科之一，但飞虱科的内部分类在很大程度上仍然是表型的，系统发育相关性有限。在这里，我们提出了第一个全面的系统发育分析，基于多位点数据集和广泛的，尽管仍然不完整，属水平的抽样。我们的研究结果挑战了大多数传统亚科、部落和亚部落的单一性，并揭示了三个以前未被认识到的具有强大生物地理结构的主要谱系：西phantinian、flatinian和selizinian谱系。后两者分别包括三个和五个支持良好的亚系：phromniinan， phyllyphantinan和flatinan（前者）；还有七剑麻、幻地楠、七剑麻、隐扁豆，以及后者的Makaya+子系。据估计，Flatidae的起源可以追溯到晚侏罗世，它们的祖先地区（可能是东方地区或旧大陆）的多样化发生在早白垩纪。新出现的谱系的地理分布与其系统发育结构具有很强的一致性。我们认为，Flatidae的早期多样化与白垩纪被子植物的兴起密切相关，被子植物的兴起提供了新的生态机会，并促进了跨大陆的辐射和长期持久性。本研究为今后Flatidae的形态学、生态学和分类学研究提供了一个新的进化框架，并有助于更深入地了解高等富氏总科的多样化模式。

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引用次数: 0

Multilocus phylogeny of the land snail Helix differs substantially from the mitochondrial gene tree 地螺螺旋的多位点系统发育与线粒体基因树有很大的不同。

IF 3.6 1区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution

Pub Date : 2025-12-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2025.108516

Ondřej Korábek , Bernhard Hausdorf

The phylogeny of the western Palaearctic land snail genus Helix was previously studied using only a few partial mitochondrial genes. The mitochondrial phylogeny was not well resolved, and frequent mitochondrial introgressions indicated that the mitochondrial phylogeny may not correspond to the species tree. We analysed genome-wide ddRAD data to obtain a reliable species tree and re-analysed the mitochondrial phylogeny with mitogenome-scale data from selected species to investigate the extent and causes of mitonuclear discordance. The ddRAD phylogeny resolved the position of previously problematic species, elucidated the biogeographic history of the genus, and confirmed the monophyly of some species that was not unambiguously supported by the mitochondrial data. Helix arnautorum is shown here to be a distinct species, separate from Helix dormitoris. Mitochondrial introgressions indeed cause discordances between the mitochondrial and species trees. The most significant case, the nearly complete replacement of the original mitochondrion of Helix buchii, is associated with relaxed selection and accelerated substitution rate in the original mitochondrial lineage. However, robustly estimating the mitochondrial phylogeny turned out to be difficult even with complete mitochondrial genomes. This is probably due to a combination of short internal branches and variation in substitution rate and nucleotide composition. Alignment filtering and site-heterogeneous mixture models yielded estimates more concordant with the species tree than partitioned analysis of complete protein-coding sequences.

在此之前，人们仅利用少数部分线粒体基因研究了古北缘西部陆地蜗牛属Helix的系统发育。线粒体系统发育未得到很好的解决，频繁的线粒体渗入表明线粒体系统发育可能与物种树不对应。我们分析了全基因组的ddRAD数据，以获得可靠的物种树，并使用来自选定物种的有丝分裂基因组规模数据重新分析了线粒体系统发育，以研究有丝分裂核不一致的程度和原因。ddRAD系统发育解决了以前有问题的物种的位置，阐明了该属的生物地理历史，并证实了一些线粒体数据不明确支持的物种的单系性。此处显示的螺旋arnautorum是一个独特的物种，与螺旋宿舍分开。线粒体渗入确实导致线粒体树和物种树之间的不一致。最显著的例子是，Helix buchii的原始线粒体几乎完全被替换，这与原始线粒体谱系中的宽松选择和加速替换率有关。然而，即使有完整的线粒体基因组，也很难可靠地估计线粒体系统发育。这可能是由于短的内部分支和取代率和核苷酸组成的变化的结合。比对滤波和位点异质混合模型比完整蛋白质编码序列的分割分析更符合物种树的估计。

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引用次数: 0

Genomic data reveals cryptic diversity and suggests five putative species in the broad-snouted caiman in South America 基因组数据揭示了南美洲宽吻凯门鳄的神秘多样性，并提出了五个假定的物种。

IF 3.6 1区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution

Pub Date : 2025-12-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2025.108507

Iago Silva Ornellas , Felipe Eduardo Alves Coelho , Felipe de Medeiros Magalhães , Yhuri Cardoso Nobrega , Leonora Pires Costa , Marcelo Gehara

The inclusion of molecular data in evolutionary studies revealed a vast underestimation of species richness and allowed for assessing the relative importance of landscape features on the evolutionary history of species with different ecological requirements. Here, we used genomic-scale data to assess the genetic diversity of the crocodylian Caiman latirostris, exploring drivers of diversification. Using phylogenomic analysis, we identified five deeply diverged populations that are putative new species under C. latirostris. Genetic structure is coherent with South American watersheds, with evolutionary significant units/unconfirmed candidate species occurring mainly in the Atlantic Eastern Northeast Coast, São Francisco, Atlantic Southeastern, Atlantic South, and Paraná watersheds. Populations also show congruence with freshwater ecoregions, suggesting that not only watersheds, but also other landscape features, may act on species diversification. This is reinforced by a low migration rate between populations separated by mountain ranges. We highlight the need for separate management plans for each population of this historically threatened species due to their unique evolutionary history and genetic diversity. Future studies focusing on possible morphological and ecological differences, as well as demographic history, may reinforce the existence of putative species.

在进化研究中纳入分子数据揭示了物种丰富度的严重低估，并允许评估景观特征对不同生态需求物种进化史的相对重要性。在这里，我们使用基因组尺度的数据来评估鳄鱼凯门鳄的遗传多样性，探索多样化的驱动因素。通过系统基因组分析，我们确定了5个深度分化的居群，这些居群被认为是latirostris下的新种。遗传结构与南美流域一致，进化重要单位/未证实的候选物种主要发生在大西洋东东北海岸、旧金山、大西洋东南部、大西洋南部和帕拉南流域。种群与淡水生态区也表现出一致性，这表明不仅是流域，还有其他景观特征可能对物种多样化起作用。被山脉隔开的人口之间的低迁移率加强了这一点。由于其独特的进化历史和遗传多样性，我们强调需要对每个历史上受到威胁的物种进行单独的管理计划。未来的研究聚焦于可能的形态和生态差异，以及人口统计学历史，可能会加强假设物种的存在。

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引用次数: 0

Deep diversification in Lampropsar tanagrinus (Aves:Icteridae) illustrates hidden diversity and its implication to biogeographic inferences in the Neotropics tanagrinus的深度多样化揭示了新热带地区潜在的多样性及其对生物地理推断的意义

IF 3.6 1区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution

Pub Date : 2025-12-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2025.108505

Eduardo D. Schultz , Joel Cracraft , Mateus Ferreira , Camila C. Ribas

Neotropical biodiversity is highly underestimated. Even in allegedly well-known taxonomic groups like birds, recent revisions reveal inaccurate taxonomic arrangements that conceal complex evolutionary histories. In this study, we present a complementary molecular and morphometric revision of the taxonomy of the Velvet-fronted Grackle, Lampropsar tanagrinus, a specialist to the floodplains of northern South America. Our results show that across its described distribution, individuals present enough molecular and morphologic differences to be classified as three separate species that partially match described subspecies, including L. tanagrinus, L. violaceus and L. guianensis that occupy the floodplains of, respectively, the Orinoco, the Amazon and the Beni river basins. We show that previous adoption of subspecies status was influenced by an undetected west-east cline in the size of birds in the Amazon basin which nevertheless corresponds to a single taxon. Based on these results, we interpret the diversification history of Lampropsar taxa in the context of the evolution of the Northern South American landscape. Finally, we use our findings to discuss how taxonomic practices in Neotropical ornithology repeatedly lead to misleading interpretation of the evolutionary and biogeographic history of the taxa and the landscape in the region.

新热带生物多样性被严重低估。即使是在鸟类等据称众所周知的分类群体中，最近的修订也揭示了不准确的分类安排，这些安排掩盖了复杂的进化历史。在这项研究中，我们提出了一个互补的分子和形态测量学修订的天鹅绒前Grackle， Lampropsar tanagrinus，一个专家的南美北部洪泛平原的分类。我们的研究结果表明，在其描述的分布中，个体表现出足够的分子和形态差异，可以将其分类为三个独立的物种，这些物种部分匹配所描述的亚种，包括分别占据奥里诺科河、亚马逊河和贝尼河流域洪泛区的L. tanagrinus、L. violaceus和L. guianensis。我们表明，先前的亚种地位的采用受到未被发现的亚马逊盆地鸟类大小的西向东倾斜的影响，然而这对应于一个单一的分类单元。基于这些结果，我们在南美北部景观演变的背景下解释了Lampropsar分类群的多样化历史。最后，我们利用我们的发现讨论了新热带鸟类学的分类实践如何反复导致对该分类群的进化和生物地理历史以及该地区景观的误导性解释。

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引用次数: 0

Phylogenomics provides insights into the phylogeny of Liliales and the evolution of colchicine biosynthesis genes 系统基因组学为百合科植物的系统发育和秋水仙碱生物合成基因的进化提供了新的视角

IF 3.6 1区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2025.108506

Wenfang Zheng , Diego F. Morales-Briones , Zhanjiang Zhang , Jingyu Tian , Ying Hu , Xiaomei Wei , Wenda Zhang , Na Zhang , Duoyuan Chen , Xinya Hemu , Chienhsun Huang , Lingyun Chen

Liliales comprises many species of ecological, ornamental, and medicinal importance, yet its evolutionary relationships remain controversial. In particular, the origin and evolution of genes involved in colchicine biosynthesis are poorly understood. Here, we aimed to investigate phylogenetic uncertainties within Liliales and the evolution of colchicine-related genes. We sampled 203 transcriptomes (179 species), including 51 newly generated, representing eight families of Liliales. Then, we performed phylogenomic analyses including species tree inference, hybridization detection, and whole-genome duplication (WGD) assessment. We detected extensive phylogenetic conflict driven by incomplete lineage sorting and hybridization, and identified five WGD events across the order. Metabolite profiling confirmed colchicine in Colchicaceae species, and molecular analyses revealed that genes in its biosynthetic pathway are widely present in Liliales. Gene copy number, positive selection analyses, and molecular docking suggested that gene expansion and amino acid change (genes ABH1 and NAT1) contributed to colchicine biosynthesis. These findings indicate that WGDs and subsequent gene evolution contributed to the diversification of Liliales. This study provides new insights into the evolution of Liliales and the molecular basis of colchicine biosynthesis.

百合属植物包括许多种类的生态，观赏和药用的重要性，但其进化关系仍然存在争议。特别是，参与秋水仙碱生物合成的基因的起源和进化尚不清楚。本研究旨在探讨百合属植物系统发育的不确定性以及秋水仙碱相关基因的进化。本研究共采集了百合科8科共203个转录组（179种），其中新生成51个。然后，我们进行了系统基因组分析，包括物种树推断、杂交检测和全基因组重复（WGD）评估。我们发现了由不完整的谱系分类和杂交驱动的广泛的系统发育冲突，并在整个顺序中确定了五个WGD事件。代谢谱分析证实了秋水仙碱在秋水仙科物种中的存在，分子分析表明其生物合成途径的基因在百合属植物中广泛存在。基因拷贝数、阳性选择分析和分子对接表明，基因扩增和氨基酸变化（ABH1和NAT1基因）参与了秋水仙碱的生物合成。这些结果表明，WGDs和随后的基因进化促进了百合科植物的多样化。该研究为百合科植物的进化和秋水仙碱生物合成的分子基础提供了新的认识。

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引用次数: 0

Slippery slopes: Montane isolation and elevational shifts shape the evolution and diversity of Iberolacerta lizards 滑坡：山地隔离和海拔变化塑造了伊比利亚蜥蜴的进化和多样性。

IF 3.6 1区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution

Pub Date : 2025-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2025.108502

Christophe Dufresnes , Sven Gippner , Sylvia Hofmann , Spartak Litvinchuk , Anamarija Žagar , Daniel Jablonski , Gilles Pottier , Rodrigo Megía-Palma , Gregorio Sánchez-Montes , Octavio Jiménez Robles , Enrique Ayllón , Pierre-André Crochet , ĺñigo Martínez-Solano

Understanding the processes driving the diversity of mountain herpetofauna requires a comprehensive examination of species diversification across evolutionary scales. Here, we investigate the phylogeography of Iberolacerta, a genus of eight lizard species mainly restricted to high elevations in southwestern Europe. Using genomic data, we reconstructed a nuclear phylogeny that aligns with mitochondrial evidence in supporting the divergence of all currently recognized species. Notably, we detect historical nuclear gene flow between I. cyreni and I. martinezricai in Central Spain, suggesting past range overlap, reminiscent of previously observed mitochondrial introgression between I. galani and I. monticola, and the lack of divergence between disjoint populations of I. monticola. Bioclimatic projections accordingly depict broader historical ranges during the last glacial maximum compared to interglacial and current conditions. At the intraspecific level, genomic analyses of four high-elevation species reveal that genetic structure is mainly shaped by isolation-by-distance and, in I. cyreni, by separation among mountain ranges, while heterozygosity generally decreases with elevation. These findings are consistent with the impact of glacial-interglacial cycles on the genetic diversity of montane taxa: populations experience genetic isolation and altitudinal bottlenecks during interglacial periods, but are reconnected and admix in lowland areas during glacial periods. These processes are expected to leave contrasting signatures between the mitochondrial and nuclear genomes, as well as between slow- and fast-evolving molecular markers. From a conservation perspective, our results highlight that the genetically richest – and potentially most adaptive – populations occur at the lowland edges of the species’ ranges, where they are also most vulnerable to climate change.

理解驱动山地爬行动物多样性的过程需要对物种多样性在进化尺度上的全面研究。本文对主要生活在欧洲西南部高海拔地区的八种伊比利亚蜥蜴进行了系统地理学研究。利用基因组数据，我们重建了一个核系统发育，与线粒体证据一致，支持所有目前公认的物种的分歧。值得注意的是，我们在西班牙中部发现了I. cyreni和I. martinezricai之间的历史核基因流动，这表明过去的范围重叠，让人想起之前观察到的I. galani和I. monticola之间的线粒体渗入，以及I. monticola不相交的种群之间缺乏分化。因此，与间冰期和当前条件相比，生物气候预估在末次极盛期描绘了更广泛的历史范围。在种内水平上，对4个高海拔物种的基因组分析表明，遗传结构主要是由距离隔离形成的，在cyreni中，遗传结构主要是由山脉间的分离形成的，而杂合性通常随着海拔的升高而降低。这些发现与冰期-间冰期旋回对山地类群遗传多样性的影响是一致的：种群在间冰期经历遗传隔离和高度瓶颈，但在冰期在低地地区重新连接和混合。这些过程预计会在线粒体和核基因组之间，以及在缓慢和快速进化的分子标记之间留下对比的特征。从保护的角度来看，我们的研究结果强调，基因最丰富的种群——也可能是最具适应性的种群——出现在物种分布范围的低地边缘，在那里它们也最容易受到气候变化的影响。

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引用次数: 0