Pub Date : 2024-01-15DOI: 10.22621/cfn.v137i1.2989
Heather Proctor, Nicolas Decelles, Pierre-Yves Daoust
Deutonymphs of the mite family Hypoderatidae are subdermal parasites of vertebrates, primarily birds. Here we report the presence of deutonymphs of Neottialges caparti Fain (no common name) in the subcutis of Northern Gannet (Morus bassanus (L.)) from Atlantic Canadian waters. We observed mites in 39% of 90 birds whose skin samples were examined microscopically. Our observations represent both the first record of N. caparti in Northern Gannet from the western North Atlantic and the second report of N. caparti since its initial description in 1967 from two Northern Gannets in Belgium.
{"title":"Deutonymphs of Neottialges caparti Fain (Astigmata: Hypoderatidae) from North American Northern Gannet (Morus bassanus)","authors":"Heather Proctor, Nicolas Decelles, Pierre-Yves Daoust","doi":"10.22621/cfn.v137i1.2989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v137i1.2989","url":null,"abstract":"Deutonymphs of the mite family Hypoderatidae are subdermal parasites of vertebrates, primarily birds. Here we report the presence of deutonymphs of Neottialges caparti Fain (no common name) in the subcutis of Northern Gannet (Morus bassanus (L.)) from Atlantic Canadian waters. We observed mites in 39% of 90 birds whose skin samples were examined microscopically. Our observations represent both the first record of N. caparti in Northern Gannet from the western North Atlantic and the second report of N. caparti since its initial description in 1967 from two Northern Gannets in Belgium.","PeriodicalId":56136,"journal":{"name":"The Canadian Field-Naturalist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140508460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-21DOI: 10.22621/cfn.v136i4.3237
Heather A. Cray
Why Sharks Matter is written by David Shiffman, a marine conservation biolog ist and postdoctoral researcher at Arizona State University with a lifelong passion for and dedication to sharks. The goals of this book, as stated in the introduction, are to teach the reader why sharks are remarkable, what benefits sharks bring, and what you can do to help protect them. Another stated aim is to teach the reader about various options for shark conservation and management, especially those supported by research data but not widely discussed in non-expert circles. Most of the book is dedicated to the latter subject, with a focus on population-level threats and datadriven decision-making. A more accurate title for this book may have been “Shark Conservation and Management Strategies”. Only one chapter covers the subject of the title directly—The Ecological Significance of Sharks (Chapter 3)—whereas the bulk of the book discusses conservation threats and strategies, and what is being done to help shark populations. If you are looking for a book primarily composed of shark miscellany to learn more about these fascinating species and their unique behaviours and adaptations, this is not that book. The author’s enthusiasm for sharks is obvious, and his humour and informal writing style are strengths. Myth-busting is a recurring topic, and the author’s frustration with misconceptions about sharks, conservation threats, and management options is apparent throughout the book; it has the whiff of someone who has dealt with one too many Reddit Ask Me Anything sessions. Most sections of chapters are short, a few pages at most, and cover a wide breadth. As a result, the writing can come across as a bit scattered when subjects change abruptly. My favourite chapter was How are Scientists Helping Sharks? (Chapter 8), which includes short vignettes on various shark researchers and their areas of study, providing an inside look at conservation projects and practices. While there are a few grey-scale images and diagrams embedded in the text, the other images referred to are found as numbered plates in a high quality colour insert, located in the middle of the book. In addition to the Bibliography, the book also has an accompanying website with supplementary information for the curious reader. Although the writing can occasionally come across as defensive, the author clearly is an expert in his field. This book fills a niche as an accessible, plain-language introduction to shark conservation policy. Why Sharks Matter is best suited for those seeking a primer on shark conservation and population management issues and options, especially those interested in the American context. For those seeking an in-depth book about sharks’ roles in the ecosystem and their behaviour or biology, I suggest looking elsewhere. Heather Cray Halifax, NS, Canada
《鲨鱼为什么重要》的作者是大卫·希夫曼，他是亚利桑那州立大学的海洋保护生物学家和博士后研究员，一生都对鲨鱼充满热情和奉献精神。正如前言所述，这本书的目的是告诉读者为什么鲨鱼是非凡的，鲨鱼带来了什么好处，以及你可以做些什么来帮助保护它们。另一个明确的目标是向读者介绍鲨鱼保护和管理的各种选择，特别是那些得到研究数据支持但在非专业人士圈子里没有广泛讨论的选择。本书的大部分内容都致力于后一个主题，重点关注人口层面的威胁和数据驱动的决策。更准确的书名应该是《鲨鱼保护与管理策略》。只有一章直接涵盖了书名的主题——鲨鱼的生态意义(第三章)——而本书的大部分内容都在讨论保护鲨鱼的威胁和策略，以及为帮助鲨鱼数量而采取的措施。如果你正在寻找一本主要由鲨鱼杂记组成的书，以了解更多关于这些迷人的物种及其独特的行为和适应，这不是那本书。作者对鲨鱼的热情是显而易见的，他的幽默和非正式的写作风格是他的长处。打破神话是一个反复出现的话题，作者对鲨鱼、保护威胁和管理选择的误解感到沮丧，这在整本书中都很明显;它有一种处理了太多Reddit Ask Me Anything会话的人的味道。章节的大部分章节都很短，最多只有几页，但涵盖的范围很广。因此，当主题突然改变时，写作可能会显得有点分散。我最喜欢的一章是《科学家如何帮助鲨鱼?》(第8章)，其中包括关于各种鲨鱼研究人员及其研究领域的简短介绍，提供了保护项目和实践的内部视图。虽然在文本中嵌入了一些灰度图像和图表，但所提到的其他图像是在位于书中间的高质量彩色插入的编号板中找到的。除了参考书目，这本书还有一个附带的网站，为好奇的读者提供补充信息。虽然这篇文章偶尔会让人觉得是在为自己辩护，但作者显然是他所在领域的专家。这本书填补了一个利基作为一个可访问的，简单的语言介绍鲨鱼保护政策。《为什么鲨鱼很重要》最适合那些寻求关于鲨鱼保护和种群管理问题和选择的入门读物的人，尤其是那些对美国背景感兴趣的人。如果你想找一本深入探讨鲨鱼在生态系统中的角色及其行为或生物学的书，我建议你去别的地方看看。Heather Cray哈利法克斯，NS，加拿大
{"title":"\"Why Sharks Matter: a Deep Dive with the World’s Most Misunderstood Predator\" by David Shiffman, 2022 [book review]","authors":"Heather A. Cray","doi":"10.22621/cfn.v136i4.3237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v136i4.3237","url":null,"abstract":"Why Sharks Matter is written by David Shiffman, a marine conservation biolog ist and postdoctoral researcher at Arizona State University with a lifelong passion for and dedication to sharks. The goals of this book, as stated in the introduction, are to teach the reader why sharks are remarkable, what benefits sharks bring, and what you can do to help protect them. Another stated aim is to teach the reader about various options for shark conservation and management, especially those supported by research data but not widely discussed in non-expert circles. Most of the book is dedicated to the latter subject, with a focus on population-level threats and datadriven decision-making. A more accurate title for this book may have been “Shark Conservation and Management Strategies”. Only one chapter covers the subject of the title directly—The Ecological Significance of Sharks (Chapter 3)—whereas the bulk of the book discusses conservation threats and strategies, and what is being done to help shark populations. If you are looking for a book primarily composed of shark miscellany to learn more about these fascinating species and their unique behaviours and adaptations, this is not that book. The author’s enthusiasm for sharks is obvious, and his humour and informal writing style are strengths. Myth-busting is a recurring topic, and the author’s frustration with misconceptions about sharks, conservation threats, and management options is apparent throughout the book; it has the whiff of someone who has dealt with one too many Reddit Ask Me Anything sessions. Most sections of chapters are short, a few pages at most, and cover a wide breadth. As a result, the writing can come across as a bit scattered when subjects change abruptly. My favourite chapter was How are Scientists Helping Sharks? (Chapter 8), which includes short vignettes on various shark researchers and their areas of study, providing an inside look at conservation projects and practices. While there are a few grey-scale images and diagrams embedded in the text, the other images referred to are found as numbered plates in a high quality colour insert, located in the middle of the book. In addition to the Bibliography, the book also has an accompanying website with supplementary information for the curious reader. Although the writing can occasionally come across as defensive, the author clearly is an expert in his field. This book fills a niche as an accessible, plain-language introduction to shark conservation policy. Why Sharks Matter is best suited for those seeking a primer on shark conservation and population management issues and options, especially those interested in the American context. For those seeking an in-depth book about sharks’ roles in the ecosystem and their behaviour or biology, I suggest looking elsewhere. Heather Cray Halifax, NS, Canada","PeriodicalId":56136,"journal":{"name":"The Canadian Field-Naturalist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77543972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-21DOI: 10.22621/cfn.v136i4.3243
W. Halliday
{"title":"Index to Volume 136","authors":"W. Halliday","doi":"10.22621/cfn.v136i4.3243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v136i4.3243","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56136,"journal":{"name":"The Canadian Field-Naturalist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74461034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-21DOI: 10.22621/cfn.v136i4.2559
Sage Raymond, Julius Strauss, Nancy J. Flood
Salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) are an important food source for Grizzly Bear (Ursus arctos), but many salmon populations are declining. While most research on Grizzly Bear–salmon interactions occurs in coastal ecosystems, declining salmon may also affect Grizzly Bears in inland ecosystems where salmon are also an important part of their diet. We document changes in the number and distribution of observations of Grizzly Bears and changing Kokanee (i.e., landlocked Sockeye Salmon, Oncorhynchus nerka) abundance at an inland river. We hypothesized that reduced abundance of Kokanee would limit the number of Grizzly Bear observations at the river. We compared Kokanee abundance and Grizzly Bear observations (n = 535) between 2012 and 2019 at the Lardeau River, British Columbia, Canada. We used a generalized linear mixed model to test if the number of bear observations changed as a function of Kokanee abundance among four river reaches during eight consecutive years of study. Kokanee abundance was a strong statistical predictor of Grizzly Bear observations (β = 0.52, P = 0.001, CI = 0.12–0.87), and Kokanee abundance and reach explained 73% of the variance. Our results suggest that reduced Kokanee abundance also reduces Grizzly Bear presence, likely because bears seek out other, more available food sources, away from Kokanee spawning habitat. This pattern could limit ecosystem services provided by Grizzly Bears adjacent to spawning areas and it could have implications for bear management and conservation.
鲑鱼(Oncorhynchus spp.)是灰熊(Ursus arctos)的重要食物来源，但许多鲑鱼的数量正在下降。虽然大多数关于灰熊与鲑鱼相互作用的研究都发生在沿海生态系统中，但鲑鱼数量的减少也可能影响内陆生态系统中的灰熊，因为鲑鱼也是它们的重要食物。我们记录了灰熊观测数量和分布的变化，以及内陆河流Kokanee(即内陆红鲑，Oncorhynchus nerka)丰度的变化。我们假设，科卡尼数量的减少会限制在河上观察到灰熊的数量。我们比较了2012年至2019年在加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省拉多河的科卡尼丰度和灰熊观测值(n = 535)。在连续8年的研究中，我们使用了一个广义线性混合模型来检验熊的观测数量是否作为Kokanee丰度的函数而变化。Kokanee丰度是灰熊观测值的强统计预测因子(β = 0.52, P = 0.001, CI = 0.12-0.87)， Kokanee丰度和到达解释了73%的方差。我们的研究结果表明，科卡尼数量的减少也减少了灰熊的存在，可能是因为熊会寻找其他更容易获得的食物来源，远离科卡尼的产卵栖息地。这种模式可能会限制灰熊在产卵区附近提供的生态系统服务，并可能对熊的管理和保护产生影响。
{"title":"Observations of Grizzly Bear (Ursus arctos) associated with abundance of spawning Kokanee (Oncorhynchus nerka) at an inland river, British Columbia, Canada","authors":"Sage Raymond, Julius Strauss, Nancy J. Flood","doi":"10.22621/cfn.v136i4.2559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v136i4.2559","url":null,"abstract":"Salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) are an important food source for Grizzly Bear (Ursus arctos), but many salmon populations are declining. While most research on Grizzly Bear–salmon interactions occurs in coastal ecosystems, declining salmon may also affect Grizzly Bears in inland ecosystems where salmon are also an important part of their diet. We document changes in the number and distribution of observations of Grizzly Bears and changing Kokanee (i.e., landlocked Sockeye Salmon, Oncorhynchus nerka) abundance at an inland river. We hypothesized that reduced abundance of Kokanee would limit the number of Grizzly Bear observations at the river. We compared Kokanee abundance and Grizzly Bear observations (n = 535) between 2012 and 2019 at the Lardeau River, British Columbia, Canada. We used a generalized linear mixed model to test if the number of bear observations changed as a function of Kokanee abundance among four river reaches during eight consecutive years of study. Kokanee abundance was a strong statistical predictor of Grizzly Bear observations (β = 0.52, P = 0.001, CI = 0.12–0.87), and Kokanee abundance and reach explained 73% of the variance. Our results suggest that reduced Kokanee abundance also reduces Grizzly Bear presence, likely because bears seek out other, more available food sources, away from Kokanee spawning habitat. This pattern could limit ecosystem services provided by Grizzly Bears adjacent to spawning areas and it could have implications for bear management and conservation.","PeriodicalId":56136,"journal":{"name":"The Canadian Field-Naturalist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82023017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-21DOI: 10.22621/cfn.v136i4.3233
Rosemary Curley
{"title":"\"Beavers: Ecology, Behaviour, Conservation, and Management\" by Frank Rosell and Róisín Campbell-Palmer, 2022 [book review]","authors":"Rosemary Curley","doi":"10.22621/cfn.v136i4.3233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v136i4.3233","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56136,"journal":{"name":"The Canadian Field-Naturalist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82399343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-21DOI: 10.22621/cfn.v136i4.3229
J. Way
{"title":"\"The Alpha Female Wolf: the Fierce Legacy of Yellowstone’s 06\" by Rick McIntyre, 2022 [book review]","authors":"J. Way","doi":"10.22621/cfn.v136i4.3229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v136i4.3229","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56136,"journal":{"name":"The Canadian Field-Naturalist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81740139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-21DOI: 10.22621/cfn.v136i4.3225
R. Claytor
{"title":"\"Swamplands: Tundra Beavers, Quaking Bogs, and the Improbable World of Peat\" by Edward Struzik, 2021 [book review]","authors":"R. Claytor","doi":"10.22621/cfn.v136i4.3225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v136i4.3225","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56136,"journal":{"name":"The Canadian Field-Naturalist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75071411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-21DOI: 10.22621/cfn.v136i4.3223
P. Sokoloff
{"title":"\"Flora of North America: Volume 10, Magnoliophyta: Proteaceae to Elaeagnaceae\" by Flora of North America Editorial Committee, 2021 [book review]","authors":"P. Sokoloff","doi":"10.22621/cfn.v136i4.3223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v136i4.3223","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56136,"journal":{"name":"The Canadian Field-Naturalist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77655639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-21DOI: 10.22621/cfn.v136i4.3245
Dwayne Lepitzki
{"title":"Cover","authors":"Dwayne Lepitzki","doi":"10.22621/cfn.v136i4.3245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v136i4.3245","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56136,"journal":{"name":"The Canadian Field-Naturalist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136355492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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