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Estimating Supply Functions for Wine Attributes: A Two-Stage Hedonic Approach 葡萄酒属性的供应函数估计:一种分两阶段的Hedonic方法
IF 1.4 4区 经济学 Q2 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS & POLICY Pub Date : 2021-12-07 DOI: 10.1017/jwe.2021.27
E. Oczkowski
Abstract A vast body of literature exists on estimating hedonic price functions, which relate the price of wine to its attributes. Some existing literature has employed producer-specific variables such as quantity sold and producer reputation in hedonic functions to potentially capture supply influences on prices. This practice is inconsistent with the original Rosen (1974) hedonic theoretic foundation. To overcome this deficiency, we extend the literature by using the Rosen two-stage approach, employing data from multi-markets for similar wines to estimate inverse supply functions. The application to Australian produced wines sold in different countries demonstrates the importance of a wine's quality and age as attributes in inverse supply functions. Results imply the additional costs of producing better quality and older wines are increased as both quality and age are increased. Estimates also suggest that lower marginal costs for attributes are associated with a smaller producer size and older more established producers. (JEL Classifications: C21, Q11)
摘要大量的文献都是关于估计享乐价格函数的,这些函数将葡萄酒的价格与其属性联系起来。一些现有文献在特征函数中使用了特定于生产者的变量,如销售量和生产者声誉,以潜在地捕捉供应对价格的影响。这种做法与Rosen(1974)的享乐理论基础不一致。为了克服这一不足,我们使用Rosen两阶段方法扩展了文献,使用类似葡萄酒的多市场数据来估计反向供应函数。将其应用于在不同国家销售的澳大利亚产葡萄酒,表明了葡萄酒的质量和年份作为逆向供应函数中的属性的重要性。结果表明,随着质量和年份的增加,生产质量更好、年份更老的葡萄酒的额外成本也会增加。估计还表明,属性的边际成本较低与生产商规模较小和老牌生产商较多有关。(JEL分类:C21、Q11)
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引用次数: 2
A “Sideways” Supply Response in California Winegrapes 加州酿酒葡萄的“横向”供应反应
IF 1.4 4区 经济学 Q2 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS & POLICY Pub Date : 2021-11-09 DOI: 10.1017/jwe.2021.26
Sarah Consoli, Elizabeth A. Fraysse, N. Slipchenko, Yi Wang, Jahon Amirebrahimi, Zhiran Qin, Neil Yazma, Travis J. Lybbert
Abstract This paper explores growers’ supply response to the 2005 “Sideways effect” demand shock (Cuellar, Karnowsky, and Acosta, 2009) triggered by the 2004 release of the movie Sideways. We use a modified difference-in-difference approach to evaluate the supply response in California and regional supply response differences within California. We use U.S. Department of Agriculture data for the period 1999–2012 and find evidence of a supply response in the post-release period that is consistent with the “Sideways effect” on wine demand. The positive supply response for Pinot Noir is stronger than the negative response for Merlot and concentrated in lower value Central Valley vineyards. (JEL Classifications: D25, Q12)
摘要本文探讨了种植者对2004年电影《Sideways》上映引发的2005年“Sideways效应”需求冲击(Cuellar、Karnowsky和Acosta,2009)的供应反应。我们使用改进的差异中的差异方法来评估加州的供应响应和加州内部的区域供应响应差异。我们使用了美国农业部1999-2002年期间的数据,发现发布后时期的供应反应与葡萄酒需求的“侧面效应”一致。黑皮诺的正供应反应比梅洛的负供应反应更强,并且集中在价值较低的中央谷葡萄园。(JEL分类:D25、Q12)
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引用次数: 0
JWE volume 16 issue 4 Cover and Back matter JWE第16卷第4期封面和封底
IF 1.4 4区 经济学 Q2 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS & POLICY Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1017/jwe.2022.5
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引用次数: 0
Business Cycles and Alcohol Consumption: Evidence from a Nonlinear Panel ARDL Approach 商业周期与酒精消费:来自非线性面板ARDL方法的证据
IF 1.4 4区 经济学 Q2 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS & POLICY Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1017/jwe.2021.32
E. R. Sadik-Zada, Britta Niklas
Abstract This study revisits the relationship between economic variables and alcohol consumption from a macro perspective. Focusing explicitly on the asymmetries of the responsiveness of alcohol consumption during the expansion and contraction phases of the business cycle, asymmetric panel estimators are employed. We employ a nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag model for a panel of 24 countries for the period 1961 to 2014. Findings show that expansion leads to a long-term increase in average alcohol consumption, while during contraction, the level of average alcohol consumption persists. Expansion, together with a pronounced reduction in the unemployment rate could, however, lead to a net reduction of gross alcohol and wine consumption. Nonetheless, if the recession corresponds with a surge in unemployment, this leads to a long-run increase in the level of total gross alcohol consumption but a decrease in wine and beer consumption. Reduction in unemployment does not lead to a reduction in beer consumption, as pre-expansion levels of beer consumption persist. (JEL Classifications: E32, I19, L66)
摘要本研究从宏观角度重新审视了经济变量与饮酒之间的关系。明确关注商业周期扩张和收缩阶段酒精消费反应的不对称性,采用了不对称面板估计量。我们对1961年至2014年期间的24个国家采用了非线性自回归分布滞后模型。研究结果表明,扩张导致平均饮酒量的长期增加,而在收缩期间,平均饮酒量水平持续存在。然而,扩张加上失业率的显著下降,可能会导致酒精和葡萄酒消费总量的净减少。尽管如此,如果经济衰退与失业率飙升相对应,这将导致酒精总消费水平的长期上升,但葡萄酒和啤酒消费量的下降。失业率的降低并不会导致啤酒消费的减少,因为扩张前的啤酒消费水平仍然存在。(JEL分类:E32、I19、L66)
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引用次数: 10
Vertical and Horizontal Networks and Export Performance in the Spanish Wine Industry 西班牙葡萄酒行业的纵向和横向网络与出口业绩
IF 1.4 4区 经济学 Q2 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS & POLICY Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1017/jwe.2021.35
J. Ferrer, Silvia Abella-Garcés, Raúl Serrano
Abstract Wineries in the “old world” export almost 40% of their production. This study analyzes the influence of vertical and horizontal networks on export performance. We draw on a sample of 183 Spanish wineries and examine the main independent variables using a two-step Heckman model. We find positive effects of horizontal networks and—at a somewhat lower level—downstream vertical networks on export performance. (JEL Classifications: L66, M16, Q13)
摘要“旧世界”的葡萄酒厂几乎出口其产量的40%。本研究分析了纵向和横向网络对出口绩效的影响。我们以183家西班牙葡萄酒厂为样本,使用两步Heckman模型检验主要自变量。我们发现水平网络和下游垂直网络对出口绩效的积极影响。(JEL分类:L66、M16、Q13)
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引用次数: 2
The Water of Life and Death: A Brief Economic History of Spirits 《生死之水:精神经济简史
IF 1.4 4区 经济学 Q2 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS & POLICY Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1017/jwe.2021.9
L. Cockx, Giulia Meloni, J. Swinnen
Abstract Spirits represent around 50% of global alcohol consumption. This sector is much less studied than other alcoholic beverages such as wine or beer. This paper reviews the economic history of spirits and analyzes recent trends in the spirits markets. The technology to produce spirits is more complex than for wine or beer. Distillation was known in ancient Chinese, Indian, Greek, and Egyptian societies, but it took innovations by the Arabs to distill alcohol. Initially, this alcohol was used for medicinal purposes. Only in the Middle Ages did spirits become a widespread drink. The Industrial Revolution created a large consumer market and reduced the cost of spirits, contributing to excess consumption and alcoholism. Governments have intervened extensively in spirits markets to reduce excessive consumption and to raise taxes. There have been significant changes in spirits consumption and trade over time. Over the past 50 years, the share of spirits in global alcohol consumption increased from around 30% to around 50%. In the past decades, there was strong growth in emerging markets, including in China and India. Recent developments in the spirits industry include premiumization, the growth of craft spirits, and the introduction of terroir for spirits. (JEL Classifications: L51, L66, N40, Q11, Q18)
摘要烈酒约占全球酒精消费量的50%。与葡萄酒或啤酒等其他酒精饮料相比,该行业的研究要少得多。本文回顾了烈酒的经济历史,并分析了烈酒市场的最新趋势。生产烈酒的技术比生产葡萄酒或啤酒更为复杂。蒸馏在古代中国、印度、希腊和埃及社会都很有名,但蒸馏酒精需要阿拉伯人的创新。最初,这种酒精被用于药用。直到中世纪,烈酒才成为一种广泛的饮料。工业革命创造了一个庞大的消费市场,降低了烈酒的成本,导致了过度消费和酗酒。政府对烈酒市场进行了广泛干预,以减少过度消费并提高税收。随着时间的推移,烈酒的消费和贸易发生了重大变化。在过去的50年里,烈酒在全球酒精消费中的份额从30%左右增加到50%左右。在过去的几十年里,包括中国和印度在内的新兴市场增长强劲。烈酒行业的最新发展包括高端化、工艺烈酒的发展以及烈酒风土的引入。(JEL分类:L51、L66、N40、Q11、Q18)
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引用次数: 4
JWE volume 16 issue 4 Cover and Front matter JWE第16卷第4期封面和封面
IF 1.4 4区 经济学 Q2 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS & POLICY Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1017/jwe.2022.4
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引用次数: 0
Expensive and Cheap Wine Words Revisited 昂贵和廉价的葡萄酒词汇再谈
IF 1.4 4区 经济学 Q2 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS & POLICY Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1017/jwe.2022.1
Kevin W. Capehart
Abstract Previous work has quantitatively analyzed expert wine descriptions to identify some so-called “expensive” and “cheap” words that are indicative of a wine's price. This paper revisits that work. In particular, I examine whether words previously identified as expensive and cheap ones are still indicative of a wine's price when using the same methods and a different, larger dataset. My findings mostly confirm previous conclusions, although many directions for further research into expensive and cheap wine words remain open. (JEL Classifications: D83, L66)
摘要先前的工作定量分析了专家对葡萄酒的描述,以确定一些所谓的“昂贵”和“便宜”的词,这些词表示葡萄酒的价格。本文重新审视了这项工作。特别是,当使用相同的方法和不同的、更大的数据集时,我研究了以前被识别为昂贵和廉价的词是否仍然能指示葡萄酒的价格。我的发现基本上证实了之前的结论,尽管对昂贵和廉价的葡萄酒词汇进行进一步研究的许多方向仍然存在。(JEL分类:D83、L66)
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引用次数: 4
How Many Latours Is Too Many? Measuring Brand Name Congestion in Bordeaux Wine 多少拉脱维亚太多了?波尔多葡萄酒品牌拥挤度的测量
IF 1.4 4区 经济学 Q2 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS & POLICY Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1017/jwe.2021.31
Christopher Buccafusco, J. Masur, Ryan Whalen
Abstract Firms rely on brand names to market goods to consumers, and consumers rely on brand names to locate goods that satisfy their preferences. If multiple firms are using the same or similar names, consumers may be confused about which product to buy, and firms may not obtain the benefits of their investments in quality. Recently, both firms and scholars in a number of industries have expressed concern about brand name congestion—too many firms clustering around too few terms. This paper applies computational linguistic analysis to chateau names in the Bordeaux wine region to study the degree of brand congestion within a mature, traditional, and high-value market. We find that Bordeaux producers have highly similar names to one another, far more than in comparable wine regions such as California and Alsace. More than a quarter of all Bordeaux producers have a name that is identical or nearly so to at least one other producer, and many terms are claimed by dozens of different producers. Interestingly, however, we find that the most famous and renowned producers have names that tend to be more distinctive than their less famous brethren. (JEL Classifications: C88, D83, L66, O34)
企业依靠品牌名称向消费者推销商品,消费者依靠品牌名称找到满足他们偏好的商品。如果多家公司使用相同或相似的名称,消费者可能会对购买哪种产品感到困惑,公司可能无法从质量投资中获得收益。最近,许多行业的公司和学者都表达了对品牌名称拥挤的担忧——太多的公司聚集在太少的术语上。本文采用计算语言分析方法对波尔多葡萄酒产区的酒庄名称进行分析,研究在一个成熟的、传统的、高价值的市场中品牌拥塞的程度。我们发现,波尔多的生产商彼此之间的名字非常相似,远远超过加州和阿尔萨斯等可比的葡萄酒产区。超过四分之一的波尔多葡萄酒生产商的名字与至少一个其他生产商相同或几乎相同,许多术语由几十个不同的生产商使用。然而,有趣的是,我们发现最著名和最知名的生产商的名字往往比他们不那么出名的同行更有特色。(JEL分类:C88, D83, L66, O34)
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引用次数: 5
SUSAN KEEVIL (ed.): In Vino Veritas: A Collection of Fine Wine Writing Past and Present. Académie du Vin Library Ltd., Ascot, Berkshire UK, 2019, 224 pp., ISBN: 978-1-913141-03-5 (hardcover), $45. SUSAN KEEVIL(编辑):《葡萄酒的真实性:过去和现在的美酒写作集》。Académie du Vin Library有限公司,英国伯克郡阿斯科特,2019年,224页,ISBN:978-1-913141-03-5(精装版),45美元。
IF 1.4 4区 经济学 Q2 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS & POLICY Pub Date : 2021-08-01 DOI: 10.1017/jwe.2021.30
N. Hulkower
In Vino Veritas assembles 36 pieces, dating from 1833 through 2019 by 34 writers, many of whom are English, including Michael Broadbent, Hugh Johnson, and Steven Spurrier. The latter two, along with Simon McMurtrie, founded the Académie du Vin Library, the publisher of this volume. A brief introduction by Hugh Johnson highlighting the origins of wine writing is followed by 10 chapters, each covering a single theme and each containing 3 to 5 stories covering 2 to 11 pages.
在Vino Veritas中,34位作家收集了36篇作品,从1833年到2019年,其中许多是英国作家,包括Michael Broadbent、Hugh Johnson和Steven Spurrier。后两人与Simon McMurtrie一起创立了这本书的出版商Vin Académie du Vin图书馆。休·约翰逊简要介绍了葡萄酒写作的起源,之后是10章,每章涵盖一个主题,每章包含3到5个故事,覆盖2到11页。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Wine Economics
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