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Variational data assimilation with finite-element discretization for second-order parabolic interface equation 二阶抛物面界面方程的有限元离散化变量数据同化
IF 2.1 2区 数学 Q1 Mathematics Pub Date : 2024-05-11 DOI: 10.1093/imanum/drae010
Xuejian Li, Xiaoming He, Wei Gong, Craig C Douglas
In this paper, we propose and analyze a finite-element method of variational data assimilation for a second-order parabolic interface equation on a two-dimensional bounded domain. The Tikhonov regularization plays a key role in translating the data assimilation problem into an optimization problem. Then the existence, uniqueness and stability are analyzed for the solution of the optimization problem. We utilize the finite-element method for spatial discretization and backward Euler method for the temporal discretization. Then based on the Lagrange multiplier idea, we derive the optimality systems for both the continuous and the discrete data assimilation problems for the second-order parabolic interface equation. The convergence and the optimal error estimate are proved with the recovery of Galerkin orthogonality. Moreover, three iterative methods, which decouple the optimality system and significantly save computational cost, are developed to solve the discrete time evolution optimality system. Finally, numerical results are provided to validate the proposed method.
本文针对二维有界域上的二阶抛物界面方程,提出并分析了一种变分数据同化的有限元方法。Tikhonov 正则化在将数据同化问题转化为优化问题中发挥了关键作用。然后分析了优化问题解的存在性、唯一性和稳定性。我们利用有限元法进行空间离散化,利用后向欧拉法进行时间离散化。然后,基于拉格朗日乘数思想,我们推导出二阶抛物界面方程的连续和离散数据同化问题的最优化系统。通过恢复 Galerkin 正交性,证明了收敛性和最优误差估计。此外,还开发了三种迭代方法来求解离散时间演化优化系统,这些方法解耦了优化系统并大大节省了计算成本。最后,还提供了数值结果来验证所提出的方法。
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引用次数: 0
Error analysis for local discontinuous Galerkin semidiscretization of Richards’ equation 理查兹方程局部不连续伽勒金半离散化的误差分析
IF 2.1 2区 数学 Q1 Mathematics Pub Date : 2024-05-11 DOI: 10.1093/imanum/drae013
Scott Congreve, Vít Dolejší, Sunčica Sakić
This paper concerns an error analysis of the space semidiscrete scheme for the Richards’ equation modeling flows in variably saturated porous media. This nonlinear parabolic partial differential equation can degenerate; namely, we consider the case where the time derivative term can vanish, i.e., the fast-diffusion type of degeneracy. We discretize the Richards’ equation by the local discontinuous Galerkin method, which provides high order accuracy and preserves stability. Due to the nonlinearity of the problem, special techniques for numerical analysis of the scheme are required. In particular, we combine two partial error bounds using continuous mathematical induction and derive a priori error estimates with respect to the spatial discretization parameter and the Hölder coefficient of the nonlinear temporal derivative. Finally, the theoretical results are supported by numerical experiments, including cases beyond the assumptions of the theoretical results.
本文涉及对模拟变饱和多孔介质中流动的理查兹方程的空间半离散方案进行误差分析。这种非线性抛物线偏微分方程可能发生退化,即我们考虑的是时间导数项可能消失的情况,也就是快速扩散类型的退化。我们采用局部不连续 Galerkin 方法对 Richards' 方程进行离散化处理,该方法具有高阶精度并能保持稳定性。由于问题的非线性,需要采用特殊技术对方案进行数值分析。特别是,我们利用连续数学归纳法将两个部分误差约束结合起来,得出了关于空间离散化参数和非线性时间导数的赫尔德系数的先验误差估计。最后,理论结果得到了数值实验的支持,包括理论结果假设之外的情况。
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引用次数: 0
A linearly implicit finite element full-discretization scheme for SPDEs with nonglobally Lipschitz coefficients 非全局 Lipschitz 系数 SPDE 的线性隐式有限元全离散化方案
IF 2.1 2区 数学 Q1 Mathematics Pub Date : 2024-05-08 DOI: 10.1093/imanum/drae012
Mengchao Wang, Xiaojie Wang
The present article deals with strong approximations of additive noise driven stochastic partial differential equations (SPDEs) with nonglobally Lipschitz nonlinearity in a bounded domain $ mathcal{D} in{mathbb{R}}^{d}$, $ d leq 3$. As the first contribution, we establish the well-posedness and regularity of the considered SPDEs in space dimension $d le 3$, under more relaxed assumptions on the stochastic convolution. This improves relevant results in the literature and covers both the space-time white noise ($d=1$) and the trace-class noises ($text{Tr} (Q) < infty $) in multiple dimensions $d=2,3$. Such an improvement is achieved based on a key perturbation estimate for a perturbed PDE, with the aid of which we prove the convergence and uniform regularity of a spectral approximation of the SPDEs and thus get the improved regularity results. The second contribution of the paper is to propose and analyze a spatio-temporal discretization of the SPDEs, by incorporating a standard finite element method in space and a linearly implicit nonlinearity-tamed Euler method for the temporal discretization. The proposed time-stepping scheme is linearly implicit and does not suffer from solving nonlinear algebra equations as the backward Euler scheme does. Based on the improved regularity results, we recover the expected strong convergence rates of the fully discrete scheme and reveal how the convergence rates rely on the regularity of the noise process. In particular, a classical convergence rate of order $O(h^{2} +tau )$ can be obtained even in high dimension $d=3$, as the driven noise is of trace class and satisfies certain regularity assumptions. The optimal error estimates turn out to be challenging and face some essential difficulties when the tamed time-stepping scheme meets the finite element spatial discretization, particularly in the context of low regularity and multiple dimensions $d le 3$. Some highly nontrivial arguments are introduced to overcome the difficulties. Finally, numerical examples corroborate the claimed strong orders of convergence.
本文讨论了在有界域 $ mathcal{D} 中具有非全局 Lipschitz 非线性的加性噪声驱动随机偏微分方程(SPDEs)的强近似。in{mathbb{R}}^{d}$, $ d leq 3$。作为第一个贡献,我们在随机卷积的更宽松假设下,建立了所考虑的 SPDE 在空间维度 $d le 3$ 中的良好拟合性和正则性。这改进了文献中的相关结果,涵盖了多维度 $d=2,3$ 的时空白噪声($d=1$)和迹类噪声($text{Tr} (Q) < infty$)。这种改进是基于对受扰动 PDE 的关键扰动估计实现的,借助这种估计,我们证明了 SPDE 的谱近似的收敛性和均匀正则性,从而得到了改进的正则性结果。本文的第二个贡献是提出并分析了 SPDE 的时空离散方法,即在空间离散中采用标准有限元方法,在时间离散中采用线性隐式非线性驯服欧拉方法。所提出的时间步进方案是线性隐式的,不会像后向欧拉方案那样受非线性代数方程求解的影响。基于改进的正则性结果,我们恢复了完全离散方案的预期强收敛率,并揭示了收敛率如何依赖于噪声过程的正则性。特别是,即使在高维度 $d=3$ 的情况下,也能获得阶数为 $O(h^{2}+tau)$的经典收敛率,因为驱动噪声属于迹类并满足某些正则性假设。当驯服的时间步进方案遇到有限元空间离散化时,特别是在低正则性和多维度 $d le 3$ 的情况下,最优误差估计具有挑战性并面临一些基本困难。为了克服这些困难,我们引入了一些非难论证。最后,数值实例证实了所宣称的强收敛阶数。
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引用次数: 0
Stability of convergence rates: kernel interpolation on non-Lipschitz domains 收敛率的稳定性:非 Lipschitz 域上的核插值法
IF 2.1 2区 数学 Q1 Mathematics Pub Date : 2024-05-08 DOI: 10.1093/imanum/drae014
Tizian Wenzel, Gabriele Santin, Bernard Haasdonk
Error estimates for kernel interpolation in Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Spaces usually assume quite restrictive properties on the shape of the domain, especially in the case of infinitely smooth kernels like the popular Gaussian kernel. In this paper we prove that it is possible to obtain convergence results (in the number of interpolation points) for kernel interpolation for arbitrary domains $varOmega subset{mathbb{R}} ^{d}$, thus allowing for non-Lipschitz domains including e.g., cusps and irregular boundaries. Especially we show that, when going to a smaller domain $tilde{varOmega } subset varOmega subset{mathbb{R}} ^{d}$, the convergence rate does not deteriorate—i.e., the convergence rates are stable with respect to going to a subset. We obtain this by leveraging an analysis of greedy kernel algorithms. The impact of this result is explained on the examples of kernels of finite as well as infinite smoothness. A comparison to approximation in Sobolev spaces is drawn, where the shape of the domain $varOmega $ has an impact on the approximation properties. Numerical experiments illustrate and confirm the analysis.
重现核希尔伯特空间中核插值的误差估计通常假定域的形状具有相当的限制性,特别是在无限光滑核(如常用的高斯核)的情况下。在本文中,我们证明了有可能获得任意域 $varOmega subset{mathbb{R}} 的核插值的收敛结果(插值点数量),从而使我们的计算结果更加精确。^{d}$ ,从而允许非 Lipschitz 域,包括尖角和不规则边界等。我们尤其证明了,当进入一个更小的域 $tilde{varOmega }时子集 子集{mathbb{R}}}时^{d}$ 时,收敛速率不会恶化--也就是说,收敛速率在进入子集时是稳定的。我们通过对贪婪内核算法的分析得出了这一结论。我们以有限和无限光滑度的内核为例,解释了这一结果的影响。比较了索波列夫空间中的逼近,其中域 $varOmega $ 的形状对逼近特性有影响。数值实验说明并证实了这一分析。
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引用次数: 0
Strong convergence of adaptive time-stepping schemes for the stochastic Allen–Cahn equation 随机艾伦-卡恩方程的自适应时间步进方案的强收敛性
IF 2.1 2区 数学 Q1 Mathematics Pub Date : 2024-05-05 DOI: 10.1093/imanum/drae009
Chuchu Chen, Tonghe Dang, Jialin Hong
It is known from Beccari et al. (2019) that the standard explicit Euler-type scheme (such as the exponential Euler and the linear-implicit Euler schemes) with a uniform timestep, though computationally efficient, may diverge for the stochastic Allen–Cahn equation. To overcome the divergence, this paper proposes and analyzes adaptive time-stepping schemes, which adapt the timestep at each iteration to control numerical solutions from instability. The a priori estimates in $mathscr{C}(mathscr{O})$-norm and $dot{H}^{beta }(mathscr{O})$-norm of numerical solutions are established provided the adaptive timestep function is suitably bounded, which plays a key role in the convergence analysis. We show that the adaptive time-stepping schemes converge strongly with order $frac{beta }{2}$ in time and $frac{beta }{d}$ in space with $d$ ($d=1,2,3$) being the dimension and $beta in (0,2]$. Numerical experiments show that the adaptive time-stepping schemes are simple to implement and at a lower computational cost than a scheme with the uniform timestep.
根据 Beccari 等人 (2019) 的研究可知,对于随机 Allen-Cahn 方程,具有统一时间步长的标准显式欧拉方案(如指数欧拉和线性隐式欧拉方案)虽然计算效率高,但可能会发散。为了克服发散问题,本文提出并分析了自适应时间步长方案,该方案在每次迭代时调整时间步长,以控制数值解的不稳定性。在自适应时间步函数适当受限的前提下,建立了数值解在 $mathscr{C}(mathscr{O})$-norm 和 $dot{H}^{beta }(mathscr{O})$-norm 下的先验估计,这在收敛性分析中起着关键作用。我们证明,自适应时间步进方案在时间上以 $frac{beta }{2}$ 的阶强收敛,在空间上以 $frac{beta }{d}$ 的阶强收敛,其中 $d$ ($d=1,2,3$)为维度,$beta 在 (0,2]$ 内。数值实验表明,自适应时间步长方案实施简单,计算成本低于统一时间步长方案。
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引用次数: 0
A certified wavelet-based physics-informed neural network for the solution of parameterized partial differential equations 基于认证小波的物理信息神经网络,用于求解参数化偏微分方程
IF 2.1 2区 数学 Q1 Mathematics Pub Date : 2024-05-05 DOI: 10.1093/imanum/drae011
Lewin Ernst, Karsten Urban
Physics Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have frequently been used for the numerical approximation of Partial Differential Equations (PDEs). The goal of this paper is to construct PINNs along with a computable upper bound of the error, which is particularly relevant for model reduction of Parameterized PDEs (PPDEs). To this end, we suggest to use a weighted sum of expansion coefficients of the residual in terms of an adaptive wavelet expansion both for the loss function and an error bound. This approach is shown here for elliptic PPDEs using both the standard variational and an optimally stable ultra-weak formulation. Numerical examples show a very good quantitative effectivity of the wavelet-based error bound.
物理信息神经网络(PINNs)经常被用于偏微分方程(PDEs)的数值逼近。本文的目标是构建具有可计算误差上限的 PINN,这与参数化 PDE(PPDE)的模型还原尤其相关。为此,我们建议在损失函数和误差约束方面使用自适应小波展开的残差展开系数加权和。本文展示了使用标准变分法和最优稳定超弱公式计算椭圆 PPDE 的这种方法。数值示例表明,基于小波的误差约束具有非常好的定量效果。
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引用次数: 0
Finite element methods for multicomponent convection-diffusion 多成分对流扩散有限元方法
IF 2.1 2区 数学 Q1 Mathematics Pub Date : 2024-04-28 DOI: 10.1093/imanum/drae001
Francis R A Aznaran, Patrick E Farrell, Charles W Monroe, Alexander J Van-Brunt
We develop finite element methods for coupling the steady-state Onsager–Stefan–Maxwell (OSM) equations to compressible Stokes flow. These equations describe multicomponent flow at low Reynolds number, where a mixture of different chemical species within a common thermodynamic phase is transported by convection and molecular diffusion. Developing a variational formulation for discretizing these equations is challenging: the formulation must balance physical relevance of the variables and boundary data, regularity assumptions, tractability of the analysis, enforcement of thermodynamic constraints, ease of discretization and extensibility to the transient, anisothermal and nonideal settings. To resolve these competing goals, we employ two augmentations: the first enforces the definition of mass-average velocity in the OSM equations, while its dual modifies the Stokes momentum equation to enforce symmetry. Remarkably, with these augmentations we achieve a Picard linearization of symmetric saddle point type, despite the equations not possessing a Lagrangian structure. Exploiting structure mandated by linear irreversible thermodynamics, we prove the inf-sup condition for this linearization, and identify finite element function spaces that automatically inherit well-posedness. We verify our error estimates with a numerical example, and illustrate the application of the method to nonideal fluids with a simulation of the microfluidic mixing of hydrocarbons.
我们开发了将稳态 Onsager-Stefan-Maxwell (OSM) 方程与可压缩斯托克斯流耦合的有限元方法。这些方程描述了低雷诺数下的多组分流动,即在一个共同的热力学相中,不同化学物质的混合物通过对流和分子扩散进行流动。开发用于离散化这些方程的变分公式极具挑战性:公式必须平衡变量和边界数据的物理相关性、规则性假设、分析的可操作性、热力学约束的执行、离散化的简便性以及对瞬态、等温和非理想设置的可扩展性。为了解决这些相互竞争的目标,我们采用了两种增强方法:第一种增强方法在 OSM 方程中强制执行质量平均速度的定义,而第二种增强方法则修改斯托克斯动量方程以强制执行对称性。值得注意的是,尽管方程不具备拉格朗日结构,但通过这些增强,我们实现了对称鞍点类型的皮卡尔线性化。利用线性不可逆热力学规定的结构,我们证明了这种线性化的 inf-sup 条件,并确定了能自动继承好求解性的有限元函数空间。我们用一个数值例子验证了误差估计,并通过模拟碳氢化合物的微流体混合说明了该方法在非理想流体中的应用。
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引用次数: 0
An explicit spectral Fletcher–Reeves conjugate gradient method for bi-criteria optimization 用于双标准优化的显式光谱弗莱彻-里维斯共轭梯度法
IF 2.1 2区 数学 Q1 Mathematics Pub Date : 2024-04-12 DOI: 10.1093/imanum/drae003
Y Elboulqe, M El Maghri
In this paper, we propose a spectral Fletcher–Reeves conjugate gradient-like method for solving unconstrained bi-criteria minimization problems without using any technique of scalarization. We suggest an explicit formulae for computing a descent direction common to both criteria. The latter further verifies a sufficient descent property that does not depend on the line search nor on any convexity assumption. After proving the existence of a bi-criteria Armijo-type stepsize, global convergence of the proposed algorithm is established. Finally, some numerical results and comparisons with other methods are reported.
本文提出了一种类似于 Fletcher-Reeves 共轭梯度的光谱方法,用于解决无约束双标准最小化问题,而无需使用任何标量化技术。我们提出了计算两个标准共同下降方向的明确公式。后者进一步验证了一个充分的下降特性,该特性既不依赖于直线搜索,也不依赖于任何凸性假设。在证明了双标准阿米约型步长的存在后,建立了所提算法的全局收敛性。最后,报告了一些数值结果以及与其他方法的比较。
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引用次数: 0
On the rate of convergence of Yosida approximation for the nonlocal Cahn–Hilliard equation 论非局部卡恩-希利亚德方程的约西达近似的收敛速率
IF 2.1 2区 数学 Q1 Mathematics Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI: 10.1093/imanum/drae006
Piotr Gwiazda, Jakub Skrzeczkowski, Lara Trussardi
It is well-known that one can construct solutions to the nonlocal Cahn–Hilliard equation with singular potentials via Yosida approximation with parameter $lambda to 0$. The usual method is based on compactness arguments and does not provide any rate of convergence. Here, we fill the gap and we obtain an explicit convergence rate $sqrt{lambda }$. The proof is based on the theory of maximal monotone operators and an observation that the nonlocal operator is of Hilbert–Schmidt type. Our estimate can provide convergence result for the Galerkin methods where the parameter $lambda $ could be linked to the discretization parameters, yielding appropriate error estimates.
众所周知,我们可以通过参数为 $lambda to 0$ 的约西达近似法来构建具有奇异势的非局部卡恩-希利亚德方程的解。通常的方法基于紧凑性论证,并不提供任何收敛率。在此,我们填补了这一空白,并获得了明确的收敛率 $sqrt{lambda }$。证明基于最大单调算子理论和非局部算子属于希尔伯特-施密特类型的观察。我们的估计可以为 Galerkin 方法提供收敛结果,其中参数 $lambda $ 可以与离散化参数相关联,从而产生适当的误差估计。
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引用次数: 0
Correction to: An asymptotic-preserving discretization scheme for gas transport in pipe networks 更正:管网中气体输送的渐进保全离散化方案
IF 2.1 2区 数学 Q1 Mathematics Pub Date : 2024-04-08 DOI: 10.1093/imanum/drae029
H. Egger, J. Giesselmann, T. Kunkel, N. Philippi
{"title":"Correction to: An asymptotic-preserving discretization scheme for gas transport in pipe networks","authors":"H. Egger, J. Giesselmann, T. Kunkel, N. Philippi","doi":"10.1093/imanum/drae029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/imanum/drae029","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56295,"journal":{"name":"IMA Journal of Numerical Analysis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140731174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
IMA Journal of Numerical Analysis
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