Pub Date : 2021-12-02DOI: 10.1655/Herpetologica-D-20-00007.1
Steven J. Hromada, Michael Iacchetta, Benjamin J. Beas, James Flaherty, Michael C. Fulbright, K. H. Wild, A. Scott, C. Gienger
Abstract: Intensification and expansion of agriculture is one of the most pressing concerns for biodiversity conservation. Amphibian and reptile communities can be particularly sensitive to land-use change; therefore, understanding how land use and agricultural practices influence these communities in areas under increasing agricultural pressure is prudent. Over 10 yr, we sampled amphibian and reptile communities in and around 18 man-made ponds set within an agricultural/forest matrix on a military installation in western Tennessee. Ponds had either cattle access or were cattle restricted and had different surrounding land uses (forest, pasture, row crops, and industrial development). We used Akaike information criterion, corrected (AICc), model selection and nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) to assess how land-cover and pond characteristics influence amphibian and reptile richness, diversity, and community structure. Our results indicate that, despite reduced water quality, amphibian diversity was higher in ponds with cattle access, though this is likely influenced by surrounding forest, pasture, and row-crop cover. Pond permanence was important in shaping amphibian community structure and is a key factor in determining amphibian richness. We did not find any link between land cover and cattle access on reptile richness or diversity, though reptile community structure was influenced by cattle access, pasture, and row-crop cover.
{"title":"Low-Intensity Agriculture Shapes Amphibian and Reptile Communities: Insights from a 10-Year Monitoring Study","authors":"Steven J. Hromada, Michael Iacchetta, Benjamin J. Beas, James Flaherty, Michael C. Fulbright, K. H. Wild, A. Scott, C. Gienger","doi":"10.1655/Herpetologica-D-20-00007.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1655/Herpetologica-D-20-00007.1","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Intensification and expansion of agriculture is one of the most pressing concerns for biodiversity conservation. Amphibian and reptile communities can be particularly sensitive to land-use change; therefore, understanding how land use and agricultural practices influence these communities in areas under increasing agricultural pressure is prudent. Over 10 yr, we sampled amphibian and reptile communities in and around 18 man-made ponds set within an agricultural/forest matrix on a military installation in western Tennessee. Ponds had either cattle access or were cattle restricted and had different surrounding land uses (forest, pasture, row crops, and industrial development). We used Akaike information criterion, corrected (AICc), model selection and nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) to assess how land-cover and pond characteristics influence amphibian and reptile richness, diversity, and community structure. Our results indicate that, despite reduced water quality, amphibian diversity was higher in ponds with cattle access, though this is likely influenced by surrounding forest, pasture, and row-crop cover. Pond permanence was important in shaping amphibian community structure and is a key factor in determining amphibian richness. We did not find any link between land cover and cattle access on reptile richness or diversity, though reptile community structure was influenced by cattle access, pasture, and row-crop cover.","PeriodicalId":56312,"journal":{"name":"Herpetologica","volume":"77 1","pages":"294 - 306"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2021-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42542358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-02DOI: 10.1655/Herpetologica-D-21-00002.1
K. Melstrom, Zackery P. Wistort
Abstract: Quantifying morphology has become increasingly popular with the advent of widely available high-powered computing. Orientation patch count rotated (OPCR) is an important measurement of dental surface complexity and has been shown to relate to diet, with carnivores possessing simple teeth and herbivores exhibiting complex dentitions. This method, however, has primarily been applied to mammals with comparatively little research focusing on dentigerous reptiles. Three methods are currently used to measure dental complexity (Surfer Manipulator, molaR, and MorphoTester), and the comparability of these methods remains untested in saurian datasets. Here, we test for differences among the three dental complexity methods using a dataset comprising lepidosaur and crocodylian teeth. Additionally, we seek to test the hypothesis that phenotypic dental complexity is related to dietary ecology using the molaR and MorphoTester OPCR methods. We find that Surfer Manipulator and 3D-OPCR methods (molaR and MorphoTester) generate different complexities, with molaR and MorphoTester consistently producing higher complexity values. The relationship between diet and dental complexity was recovered using molaR and MorphoTester, with carnivores possessing simple teeth and herbivores exhibiting significantly more-complex teeth, but this trend was not as distinct as when using Surfer Manipulator. Dental complexities were highly dependent on model preparation, in particular the triangle count of each 3D model, with surfaces that possess a greater number of faces exhibiting higher complexities. We present a series of recommendations that will help guide future studies of nonmammalian dentitions. Ultimately, 3D-OPCR methods are a fruitful area of research and represent a relatively untapped avenue of quantitative herpetology.
{"title":"The Application of Dental Complexity Metrics on Extant Saurians","authors":"K. Melstrom, Zackery P. Wistort","doi":"10.1655/Herpetologica-D-21-00002.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1655/Herpetologica-D-21-00002.1","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Quantifying morphology has become increasingly popular with the advent of widely available high-powered computing. Orientation patch count rotated (OPCR) is an important measurement of dental surface complexity and has been shown to relate to diet, with carnivores possessing simple teeth and herbivores exhibiting complex dentitions. This method, however, has primarily been applied to mammals with comparatively little research focusing on dentigerous reptiles. Three methods are currently used to measure dental complexity (Surfer Manipulator, molaR, and MorphoTester), and the comparability of these methods remains untested in saurian datasets. Here, we test for differences among the three dental complexity methods using a dataset comprising lepidosaur and crocodylian teeth. Additionally, we seek to test the hypothesis that phenotypic dental complexity is related to dietary ecology using the molaR and MorphoTester OPCR methods. We find that Surfer Manipulator and 3D-OPCR methods (molaR and MorphoTester) generate different complexities, with molaR and MorphoTester consistently producing higher complexity values. The relationship between diet and dental complexity was recovered using molaR and MorphoTester, with carnivores possessing simple teeth and herbivores exhibiting significantly more-complex teeth, but this trend was not as distinct as when using Surfer Manipulator. Dental complexities were highly dependent on model preparation, in particular the triangle count of each 3D model, with surfaces that possess a greater number of faces exhibiting higher complexities. We present a series of recommendations that will help guide future studies of nonmammalian dentitions. Ultimately, 3D-OPCR methods are a fruitful area of research and represent a relatively untapped avenue of quantitative herpetology.","PeriodicalId":56312,"journal":{"name":"Herpetologica","volume":"77 1","pages":"279 - 288"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2021-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42770134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-18DOI: 10.1655/0018-0831-77.4.336
{"title":"2021 Winners of the Herpetologists' League Awards","authors":"","doi":"10.1655/0018-0831-77.4.336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1655/0018-0831-77.4.336","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56312,"journal":{"name":"Herpetologica","volume":"77 1","pages":"336 - 336"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2021-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41514089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-18DOI: 10.1655/0018-0831-70.4.473
{"title":"2021 Winners of the Herpetologists' League Awards","authors":"","doi":"10.1655/0018-0831-70.4.473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1655/0018-0831-70.4.473","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56312,"journal":{"name":"Herpetologica","volume":"77 1","pages":"337 - 337"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2021-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1655/0018-0831-70.4.473","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46888385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-18DOI: 10.1655/0018-0831-77.4.338
{"title":"The Herpetologists' League Graduate Research Award Call for Competitors","authors":"","doi":"10.1655/0018-0831-77.4.338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1655/0018-0831-77.4.338","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56312,"journal":{"name":"Herpetologica","volume":"77 1","pages":"338 - 338"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2021-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46237047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-18DOI: 10.1655/0018-0831-77.4.339
{"title":"Herpetologists' League Award for Distinguished Service to Herpetology Announcement and Call for Nominations","authors":"","doi":"10.1655/0018-0831-77.4.339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1655/0018-0831-77.4.339","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56312,"journal":{"name":"Herpetologica","volume":"77 1","pages":"339 - 339"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2021-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42350691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-18DOI: 10.1655/0018-0831-77.4.341
{"title":"Call for Symposium Proposals for the 2022 Herpetologists' League Meeting","authors":"","doi":"10.1655/0018-0831-77.4.341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1655/0018-0831-77.4.341","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56312,"journal":{"name":"Herpetologica","volume":"77 1","pages":"341 - 341"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2021-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43061036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-03DOI: 10.1655/0018-0831-70.4.476
{"title":"Jones-Lovich Grant in Southwestern Herpetology Call for Applications","authors":"","doi":"10.1655/0018-0831-70.4.476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1655/0018-0831-70.4.476","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56312,"journal":{"name":"Herpetologica","volume":"77 1","pages":"276 - 276"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2021-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1655/0018-0831-70.4.476","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46365825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-03DOI: 10.1655/0018-0831-77.3.273
The Herpetologists’ League is pleased to recognize the following student members for their winning research proposals in the 2021 E.E. Williams Research Grant competition. Behavior.—Anna Tipton, Georgia College and State University, ‘‘An integrated approach for evaluating the effects of landscape features on spatial strategies and activity patterns in snakes: Case study with timber rattlesnakes (Crotalus horridus) and roadways.’’ Conservation.—Erin Allison, West Liberty University, ‘‘Evaluating the effectiveness of conservation messaging strategies in increasing positive human perceptions of rattlesnakes.’’ Ecology.—Grascen Shidemantle, Binghamton University, ‘‘Impact of light at night on larval amphibian pigmentation and predator-prey interactions.’’ Evolution & Diversity.—Valeria Ramı́rez-Castañeda, University of California, Berkeley, ‘‘Multiple toxin-resistance mechanisms in response to complex chemical defenses.’’ Physiology & Functional Morphology.—Helen Plylar, Utah State University, ‘‘Neural crest involvement in peripheral growth of the trigeminal nerve and development of the pit organs in Antaresia childreni.’’
{"title":"Awardees of the 2021 E.E. Williams Research Grants","authors":"","doi":"10.1655/0018-0831-77.3.273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1655/0018-0831-77.3.273","url":null,"abstract":"The Herpetologists’ League is pleased to recognize the following student members for their winning research proposals in the 2021 E.E. Williams Research Grant competition. Behavior.—Anna Tipton, Georgia College and State University, ‘‘An integrated approach for evaluating the effects of landscape features on spatial strategies and activity patterns in snakes: Case study with timber rattlesnakes (Crotalus horridus) and roadways.’’ Conservation.—Erin Allison, West Liberty University, ‘‘Evaluating the effectiveness of conservation messaging strategies in increasing positive human perceptions of rattlesnakes.’’ Ecology.—Grascen Shidemantle, Binghamton University, ‘‘Impact of light at night on larval amphibian pigmentation and predator-prey interactions.’’ Evolution & Diversity.—Valeria Ramı́rez-Castañeda, University of California, Berkeley, ‘‘Multiple toxin-resistance mechanisms in response to complex chemical defenses.’’ Physiology & Functional Morphology.—Helen Plylar, Utah State University, ‘‘Neural crest involvement in peripheral growth of the trigeminal nerve and development of the pit organs in Antaresia childreni.’’","PeriodicalId":56312,"journal":{"name":"Herpetologica","volume":"77 1","pages":"273 - 273"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2021-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48879773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-03DOI: 10.1655/0018-0831-77.3.277
{"title":"Joseph C. Mitchell Grant in Herpetology Call for Applications","authors":"","doi":"10.1655/0018-0831-77.3.277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1655/0018-0831-77.3.277","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56312,"journal":{"name":"Herpetologica","volume":"77 1","pages":"277 - 277"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2021-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43306385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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