Detailed work on Quaternary volcanism has been carried out in the Mermoz and Fann sectors of western Senegal. In the Mermoz sector, the main emission zone is a collapsed crater located at the intersection of three major fractures: NE-SW, NW-SE and N-S. The lithological succession in this Mermoz sector comprises, from bottom to top: 1) a substratum with at its base Eocene limestones on which lie Quaternary sands surmounted by stratified tuffs; 2) a vesicular ball dolerite which deforms the stratified tuffs; 3) a dark early brec-cia; 4) two generations of basanites: the first is vesicular, the second non-vesicular; 5) a clear intermediate breccia and finally 6) a late breccia. The Fann sector contains several emission zones, most of which are currently located in the ocean. The lavas may have reached the coast through E-W and NE-SW faults. The lithological succession includes from bottom to top: 1) scoria-rich early volcanic breccias; 2) a first generation of non-vesicular me-socrate dolerite (D1); 3) a second generation of melanocrate vesicular dolerite (D2); 4) basanites and finally 5) a late breccia. The geochemical characteristics of the lavas studied are compatible with a very enriched and very deep magmatic source of the garnet lherzolite type located in the lower mantle. The magma from this source would have risen in the form of mantle plumes through major NE-SW and E-W faults in a continental intraplate context.
{"title":"Petrography, Geochemistry and Relative Chronology of Quaternary Volcanic Formations in the Mermoz and Fann Sectors, West Senegal","authors":"Moussa K. Fall, Ibrahima Labou, P. Ndiaye","doi":"10.4236/ijg.2023.148040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ijg.2023.148040","url":null,"abstract":"Detailed work on Quaternary volcanism has been carried out in the Mermoz and Fann sectors of western Senegal. In the Mermoz sector, the main emission zone is a collapsed crater located at the intersection of three major fractures: NE-SW, NW-SE and N-S. The lithological succession in this Mermoz sector comprises, from bottom to top: 1) a substratum with at its base Eocene limestones on which lie Quaternary sands surmounted by stratified tuffs; 2) a vesicular ball dolerite which deforms the stratified tuffs; 3) a dark early brec-cia; 4) two generations of basanites: the first is vesicular, the second non-vesicular; 5) a clear intermediate breccia and finally 6) a late breccia. The Fann sector contains several emission zones, most of which are currently located in the ocean. The lavas may have reached the coast through E-W and NE-SW faults. The lithological succession includes from bottom to top: 1) scoria-rich early volcanic breccias; 2) a first generation of non-vesicular me-socrate dolerite (D1); 3) a second generation of melanocrate vesicular dolerite (D2); 4) basanites and finally 5) a late breccia. The geochemical characteristics of the lavas studied are compatible with a very enriched and very deep magmatic source of the garnet lherzolite type located in the lower mantle. The magma from this source would have risen in the form of mantle plumes through major NE-SW and E-W faults in a continental intraplate context.","PeriodicalId":58825,"journal":{"name":"地球科学国际期刊(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70694438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Soft Sediment Deformation Structures in the Sediment Deposits of Ganga River and Its Oxbow Lakes in Parts of Indo-Gangetic Plain: Implications for Quake Proxies and Paleoseismicity Tracking","authors":"Gufran Ali, M. Sajid, M. S. Khan","doi":"10.4236/ijg.2023.141005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ijg.2023.141005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":58825,"journal":{"name":"地球科学国际期刊(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70692467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comprehensive Record of Megafossils from the Rajmahal Basin, Jharkhand, India","authors":"Arun Joshi","doi":"10.4236/ijg.2023.144017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ijg.2023.144017","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":58825,"journal":{"name":"地球科学国际期刊(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70693129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abdoulaye Kadiatou Diallo, Mohamed Samuel Moriah Conte, Oumar Barou Kaba, Aly Soumah, Mohamed Camara
{"title":"Petrological and Statistical Studies of the Limbiko Bauxite Deposit, Republic of Guinea","authors":"Abdoulaye Kadiatou Diallo, Mohamed Samuel Moriah Conte, Oumar Barou Kaba, Aly Soumah, Mohamed Camara","doi":"10.4236/ijg.2023.144020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ijg.2023.144020","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":58825,"journal":{"name":"地球科学国际期刊(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70693369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Mantovani, M. Viti, D. Babbucci, C. Tamburelli, I. Hoxha, L. Piccardi
The Plio-Quaternary deformation pattern of the northern Aegean and south Balkan regions is interpreted as an effect of the interaction between the Anatolian-Aegean-Pelagonian system (Tethyan belt), undergoing westward extrusion and strong deformation, and the surrounding plates (Nubia, Europe and Adriatic). Since the middle-late Miocene, the collision of the Tethyan belt with the continental Adriatic domain has caused strong E-W shortening in the outer Hellenides and Albanides, also involving the southward extrusion of the Peloponnesus wedge, at the expense of the Ionian oceanic domain. The roughly E-W extension recognized in the western South Balkan zones (Ma-cedonia and eastern Albania) is related to the divergence between the Pelagonian belt (Albanides and Hellenides) and the Rhodope-Moesia domain. Stressed by the westward displacement of the central Anatolian plateau and by the southward bowing of the Cycladic Arc, the northern Aegean zone has con-temporaneously undergone E-W compression and N-S extension, which has generated a series of dextral shear faults, delimiting a number of slats. The westward displacement and deformation of such slats can explain the morphological features of the northern Aegean
{"title":"Geodynamics of the South Balkan and Northern Aegean Regions Driven by the Westward Escape of Anatolia","authors":"E. Mantovani, M. Viti, D. Babbucci, C. Tamburelli, I. Hoxha, L. Piccardi","doi":"10.4236/ijg.2023.145026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ijg.2023.145026","url":null,"abstract":"The Plio-Quaternary deformation pattern of the northern Aegean and south Balkan regions is interpreted as an effect of the interaction between the Anatolian-Aegean-Pelagonian system (Tethyan belt), undergoing westward extrusion and strong deformation, and the surrounding plates (Nubia, Europe and Adriatic). Since the middle-late Miocene, the collision of the Tethyan belt with the continental Adriatic domain has caused strong E-W shortening in the outer Hellenides and Albanides, also involving the southward extrusion of the Peloponnesus wedge, at the expense of the Ionian oceanic domain. The roughly E-W extension recognized in the western South Balkan zones (Ma-cedonia and eastern Albania) is related to the divergence between the Pelagonian belt (Albanides and Hellenides) and the Rhodope-Moesia domain. Stressed by the westward displacement of the central Anatolian plateau and by the southward bowing of the Cycladic Arc, the northern Aegean zone has con-temporaneously undergone E-W compression and N-S extension, which has generated a series of dextral shear faults, delimiting a number of slats. The westward displacement and deformation of such slats can explain the morphological features of the northern Aegean","PeriodicalId":58825,"journal":{"name":"地球科学国际期刊(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70693478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. O. Ogunkeyede, Chinonso Oliver Mbaoma, Aluya Duncan Iyogbon, Adedoyin Ayorinde Adebayo, Efe Jeffery Isukuru
{"title":"Air Pollution Prediction in Warri and Its Environs Using Quality Parameters","authors":"A. O. Ogunkeyede, Chinonso Oliver Mbaoma, Aluya Duncan Iyogbon, Adedoyin Ayorinde Adebayo, Efe Jeffery Isukuru","doi":"10.4236/ijg.2023.146029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ijg.2023.146029","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":58825,"journal":{"name":"地球科学国际期刊(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70693670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Theory of the Origin of Terrestrial and Lunar Ores","authors":"Alexander N. Safronov","doi":"10.4236/ijg.2023.146030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ijg.2023.146030","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":58825,"journal":{"name":"地球科学国际期刊(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70693752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hui Su, Qingyuan Li, Duohu Hao, Ke Xiong, Wei Hu, Xinyong Wei, Xuan Zhang
{"title":"The Method and Practice of Constructing 3D Geological Model from Coalfield Exploration 2D Maps","authors":"Hui Su, Qingyuan Li, Duohu Hao, Ke Xiong, Wei Hu, Xinyong Wei, Xuan Zhang","doi":"10.4236/ijg.2023.147034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ijg.2023.147034","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":58825,"journal":{"name":"地球科学国际期刊(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70693841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Somaïla Koala, Wendkouni Paulin Bere, Y. Sawadogo, Issamaïl Ki, J. Zerbo
{"title":"Distributions and Structure of the Solar Wind during Solar Cycles 23 and 24","authors":"Somaïla Koala, Wendkouni Paulin Bere, Y. Sawadogo, Issamaïl Ki, J. Zerbo","doi":"10.4236/ijg.2023.149043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ijg.2023.149043","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":58825,"journal":{"name":"地球科学国际期刊(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70694472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sedimentary Features and Distribution of High-Quality Reservoirs in the Ledong Area, Yinggehai Basin","authors":"Yangjie Ou","doi":"10.4236/ijg.2023.144019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ijg.2023.144019","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":58825,"journal":{"name":"地球科学国际期刊(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70692820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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