Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.4236/jep.2022.1311052
Djim M. L. Diongue, Laila Sagnane, H. Emvoutou, M. Faye, Ibra D. Gueye, S. Faye
A regional groundwater quality evaluation was conducted in the deep Maas-trichtian aquifer of Senegal through multivariate statistical analysis and a GIS-based water quality index using physicochemical data from 232 boreholes distributed over the whole country. The aim was to 1) identify the water types and likely factors influencing the hydrochemistry, and 2) determine the suitability of groundwater for drinking and irrigation. Results showed that sodium, chloride, and fluoride are highly correlated with electrical conductivity (EC) reflecting the significant contribution of these elements to groundwater mineralization. The principal component analysis evidenced: 1) salinization processes (loaded by Na + , K + , EC, Cl − , F − and 3 HCO − ) controlled by water/rock interaction, seawater intrusion and cation exchange reactions; 2) dolomite dissolution loaded by the couple Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ and 3) localized mixing with upper aquifers and gypsum dissolution respectively loaded by 3 NO − and 24 SO − . The hierarchical clustering analysis distinguished four clusters: 1) freshwater (EC = 594 µs/cm) with mixed-HCO 3 water type and ionic contents below WHO standard; 2) brackish (Na-mixed) water type with moderate mineralization content (1310 µs/cm), 3) brackish (Na-Cl) water
{"title":"Evaluation of Groundwater Quality in the Deep Maastrichtian Aquifer of Senegal Using Multivariate Statistics and Water Quality Index-Based GIS","authors":"Djim M. L. Diongue, Laila Sagnane, H. Emvoutou, M. Faye, Ibra D. Gueye, S. Faye","doi":"10.4236/jep.2022.1311052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jep.2022.1311052","url":null,"abstract":"A regional groundwater quality evaluation was conducted in the deep Maas-trichtian aquifer of Senegal through multivariate statistical analysis and a GIS-based water quality index using physicochemical data from 232 boreholes distributed over the whole country. The aim was to 1) identify the water types and likely factors influencing the hydrochemistry, and 2) determine the suitability of groundwater for drinking and irrigation. Results showed that sodium, chloride, and fluoride are highly correlated with electrical conductivity (EC) reflecting the significant contribution of these elements to groundwater mineralization. The principal component analysis evidenced: 1) salinization processes (loaded by Na + , K + , EC, Cl − , F − and 3 HCO − ) controlled by water/rock interaction, seawater intrusion and cation exchange reactions; 2) dolomite dissolution loaded by the couple Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ and 3) localized mixing with upper aquifers and gypsum dissolution respectively loaded by 3 NO − and 24 SO − . The hierarchical clustering analysis distinguished four clusters: 1) freshwater (EC = 594 µs/cm) with mixed-HCO 3 water type and ionic contents below WHO standard; 2) brackish (Na-mixed) water type with moderate mineralization content (1310 µs/cm), 3) brackish (Na-Cl) water","PeriodicalId":59176,"journal":{"name":"环境保护(英文)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70317036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sharifah Nadrah Syed Idrus, Mohd Riduan Abdullah, Fazlin Hazirah Mohd, M. Othman
{"title":"Hepatosomatic and Renosomatic Indices of Anabas testudineus Exposed to Various Levels of Cadmium","authors":"Sharifah Nadrah Syed Idrus, Mohd Riduan Abdullah, Fazlin Hazirah Mohd, M. Othman","doi":"10.4236/jep.2022.131010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jep.2022.131010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":59176,"journal":{"name":"环境保护(英文)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70317446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Taku Sylvie Nteping, Mofor Nelson Alakeh, N. E. Tamungang, Tita Margaret Awah
{"title":"Analysis of Pesticide Residues in Some Market Garden Crops in Santa, North West Cameroon","authors":"Taku Sylvie Nteping, Mofor Nelson Alakeh, N. E. Tamungang, Tita Margaret Awah","doi":"10.4236/jep.2022.135021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jep.2022.135021","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":59176,"journal":{"name":"环境保护(英文)","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70317834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effects of Aeration Rates and Patterns on Shortcut Nitrification and Denitrification","authors":"A. Landi, Jun Lu","doi":"10.4236/jep.2022.139041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jep.2022.139041","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":59176,"journal":{"name":"环境保护(英文)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70318144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Plastic pollution is a major problem: it damages health, reduces ecosystem services, and affects local economies. Despite its importance, available valuation efforts have focused primarily on the damages caused by plastic in marine environments. Far less is known about the effects of plastic waste in inland settings. This paper addresses this gap by estimating in monetary terms the damages caused by the inappropriate disposal of plastic waste in an inland context. The study area is located along a canal that crosses N’Djamena, the capital of Chad. Using data from a primary survey and applying standard valuation techniques, the paper estimates the social cost of plastic pollution at over USD3000 per ton in 2020. In addition, it shows that the impacts of plastic waste vary significantly across the study area: households residing within 20 meters of the canal bear more than 75 percent of the total damages. The paper identifies the main valuation challenges and proposes recommenda-tions to reduce plastic waste damages.
{"title":"The Cost of Plastic Pollution in N’Djamena: A Case Study","authors":"L. Croitoru, Amos Singambaye, A. Rossignol","doi":"10.4236/jep.2022.138036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jep.2022.138036","url":null,"abstract":"Plastic pollution is a major problem: it damages health, reduces ecosystem services, and affects local economies. Despite its importance, available valuation efforts have focused primarily on the damages caused by plastic in marine environments. Far less is known about the effects of plastic waste in inland settings. This paper addresses this gap by estimating in monetary terms the damages caused by the inappropriate disposal of plastic waste in an inland context. The study area is located along a canal that crosses N’Djamena, the capital of Chad. Using data from a primary survey and applying standard valuation techniques, the paper estimates the social cost of plastic pollution at over USD3000 per ton in 2020. In addition, it shows that the impacts of plastic waste vary significantly across the study area: households residing within 20 meters of the canal bear more than 75 percent of the total damages. The paper identifies the main valuation challenges and proposes recommenda-tions to reduce plastic waste damages.","PeriodicalId":59176,"journal":{"name":"环境保护(英文)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70318468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Halidou Alassane Hado, A. Moustapha, G. Favreau, K. Hima, I. D. Dano, Abdourhamane Amadou Toure, Nafissa Saidou
{"title":"Monitoring of the Physicochemical and Bacteriological Quality of the Water of the Gounti-Yéna Basin and Assessment of the Impact on the Health of the Populations","authors":"Halidou Alassane Hado, A. Moustapha, G. Favreau, K. Hima, I. D. Dano, Abdourhamane Amadou Toure, Nafissa Saidou","doi":"10.4236/jep.2022.137030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jep.2022.137030","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":59176,"journal":{"name":"环境保护(英文)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70317790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.4236/jep.2022.1312060
Gwendolyn A. Richardson
{"title":"Federal and State Land Acquisition in Hawaii: Conservation in the Epicenter of Extinction","authors":"Gwendolyn A. Richardson","doi":"10.4236/jep.2022.1312060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jep.2022.1312060","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":59176,"journal":{"name":"环境保护(英文)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70317850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Eutrophication Process of Soil nearby a Sanitary Landfill and Its Influence on Brazilian Savanna Vegetation","authors":"O. A. Santana, J. Imaña-Encinas","doi":"10.4236/jep.2022.135022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jep.2022.135022","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":59176,"journal":{"name":"环境保护(英文)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70317867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Hajra, M. Roidt, Stephanie Isabel Lobensteiner, R. Rausch
{"title":"Delineation of Well Head Protection Areas for the Public Wells in the Ferizaj Region (Kosovo) with Limited Data Availability","authors":"A. Hajra, M. Roidt, Stephanie Isabel Lobensteiner, R. Rausch","doi":"10.4236/jep.2022.132013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jep.2022.132013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":59176,"journal":{"name":"环境保护(英文)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70317989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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