{"title":"How a New Cenozoic Geology and Glacial History Paradigm Explains Topographic Map Drainage System and Erosional Landform Evidence: Elbert and Lincoln Counties, Colorado, USA","authors":"E. Clausen","doi":"10.4236/ojg.2022.129031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojg.2022.129031","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":63246,"journal":{"name":"地质学期刊(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70650997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.4236/ojg.2022.1212053
Yang Yang
{"title":"Key Technology of Ground Grouting Treatment for Inclined Shaft under Condition of Super Thick Water-Rich Loose Layer","authors":"Yang Yang","doi":"10.4236/ojg.2022.1212053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojg.2022.1212053","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":63246,"journal":{"name":"地质学期刊(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70650586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Assessment of Groundwater Potential Zones across Katrol Hill Fault, Kachchh, Western India: A Remote Sensing and GIS Approach","authors":"Hemashri Thacker, Yash Shah, Akshay Jyoti Borah, Yogendrasinh Jadeja, M. Thakkar, Sazina Bhimani, Gaurav Chauhan","doi":"10.4236/ojg.2022.122006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojg.2022.122006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":63246,"journal":{"name":"地质学期刊(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70650661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A new Cenozoic geology and glacial history paradigm (new paradigm), fundamentally different from the accepted Cenozoic geology and glacial history paradigm (accepted paradigm), describes a thick North American continental icesheet (located where continental icesheets are usually reported to have been) which by deep erosion and uplift of surrounding regions created and occupied a deep “hole” (the accepted paradigm does not see this thick ice sheet or the deep “hole”). Unusual erosional landform features in the southeast Oklahoma Pontotoc County region including the asymmetric Cana-dian-Red River drainage divide, a large escarpment-surrounded basin in which most south-oriented Clear Boggy Creek headwaters begin, and a large escarpment-surrounded upland on which the south-oriented Blue River be-gins, are used to test the new paradigm’s ability to use large and prolonged south-oriented melt water floods to explain previously unexplained or poorly explained detailed topographic map drainage system and erosional landform evidence. Numerous low points (referred to as divide crossings) indicate large and prolonged south-oriented melt water floods did flow across what is now the Canadian-Red River drainage divide (an interpretation also consistent with Clear Boggy Creek escarpment-surrounded basin and Blue River es-carpment-surrounded upland shapes). The new paradigm described massive and prolonged melt water floods also account for previously unrecognized deep regional erosion (which is determinable from detailed topographic map evidence). East-oriented Canadian River valley headward erosion (from the Arkansas River valley) diverted the long-lived south-oriented meltwater floods to the Arkansas River valley and to what ultimately became the deep “hole’s” only southern exit. Previous southeast Oklahoma drainage history interpretations (made from the accepted paradigm perspective in which Rocky Mountain glacier melt water flowed to east-oriented rivers) do not provide adequate water volumes or flow directions to explain the detailed topographic map drainage system and erosional landform evidence, which the new paradigm’s massive and prolonged south-oriented melt water floods do explain.
{"title":"How a New Cenozoic Geology and Glacial History Paradigm Explains Arkansas-Red River Drainage Divide Area Topographic Map Evidence in and near Pontotoc County, Oklahoma, USA","authors":"E. Clausen","doi":"10.4236/ojg.2022.124017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojg.2022.124017","url":null,"abstract":"A new Cenozoic geology and glacial history paradigm (new paradigm), fundamentally different from the accepted Cenozoic geology and glacial history paradigm (accepted paradigm), describes a thick North American continental icesheet (located where continental icesheets are usually reported to have been) which by deep erosion and uplift of surrounding regions created and occupied a deep “hole” (the accepted paradigm does not see this thick ice sheet or the deep “hole”). Unusual erosional landform features in the southeast Oklahoma Pontotoc County region including the asymmetric Cana-dian-Red River drainage divide, a large escarpment-surrounded basin in which most south-oriented Clear Boggy Creek headwaters begin, and a large escarpment-surrounded upland on which the south-oriented Blue River be-gins, are used to test the new paradigm’s ability to use large and prolonged south-oriented melt water floods to explain previously unexplained or poorly explained detailed topographic map drainage system and erosional landform evidence. Numerous low points (referred to as divide crossings) indicate large and prolonged south-oriented melt water floods did flow across what is now the Canadian-Red River drainage divide (an interpretation also consistent with Clear Boggy Creek escarpment-surrounded basin and Blue River es-carpment-surrounded upland shapes). The new paradigm described massive and prolonged melt water floods also account for previously unrecognized deep regional erosion (which is determinable from detailed topographic map evidence). East-oriented Canadian River valley headward erosion (from the Arkansas River valley) diverted the long-lived south-oriented meltwater floods to the Arkansas River valley and to what ultimately became the deep “hole’s” only southern exit. Previous southeast Oklahoma drainage history interpretations (made from the accepted paradigm perspective in which Rocky Mountain glacier melt water flowed to east-oriented rivers) do not provide adequate water volumes or flow directions to explain the detailed topographic map drainage system and erosional landform evidence, which the new paradigm’s massive and prolonged south-oriented melt water floods do explain.","PeriodicalId":63246,"journal":{"name":"地质学期刊(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70650739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.4236/ojg.2022.1210037
H. Nestor, Adingra Martial Pohn Koffi, Allialy Marc Ephrem, Kouassi Kra Wilfried Kouakou, Loba Gbriga Franck Cyrille
{"title":"Evaluation of the Geological and Metallogenic Potential of Koffissiokaha Permit, Area of Katiola, Côte d’Ivoire","authors":"H. Nestor, Adingra Martial Pohn Koffi, Allialy Marc Ephrem, Kouassi Kra Wilfried Kouakou, Loba Gbriga Franck Cyrille","doi":"10.4236/ojg.2022.1210037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojg.2022.1210037","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":63246,"journal":{"name":"地质学期刊(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70649946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.4236/ojg.2022.1211047
R. Sharma, Biswajeet Lenka, Syed Ajaz Ahmed
Betul belt is known for its volcanic massive sulphide type of mineralization in the geological circles of India. But here the betul belt has been presented with a different qualification, which is graphite mineralization. The graphite mineralization is popularly known within the proterozoic sediments of Aravalli Supegroup of rocks in South Rajasthan and in its extension in the Jhabua and Alirajpur districts of Madhaya Pradesh. The graphite mineralization in Betul belt is confined to the supracrustals enclosed within the granite gneisses and has been brought on the national map after the recently explored blocks by geological survey of India, which were auctioned for the commercial exploita-tion. This paper briefly discuses the possible mechanism of formation and the nature of mineralization of graphite here in this belt, essentially based on the inferences drawn from petrography supported by scanning electron microscopic and XRD data. It is concluded that major proportion of the graphite mineralization here is accumulated due to progressive metamorphism of the organic matter deposited along with various sediments, while a considerable component has been contributed by the precipitation from super critical graphite rich fluids.
{"title":"Genesis of Graphite in Betul Belt, Madhya Pradesh, India: Inferences Based on Petrographic and Other Studies","authors":"R. Sharma, Biswajeet Lenka, Syed Ajaz Ahmed","doi":"10.4236/ojg.2022.1211047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojg.2022.1211047","url":null,"abstract":"Betul belt is known for its volcanic massive sulphide type of mineralization in the geological circles of India. But here the betul belt has been presented with a different qualification, which is graphite mineralization. The graphite mineralization is popularly known within the proterozoic sediments of Aravalli Supegroup of rocks in South Rajasthan and in its extension in the Jhabua and Alirajpur districts of Madhaya Pradesh. The graphite mineralization in Betul belt is confined to the supracrustals enclosed within the granite gneisses and has been brought on the national map after the recently explored blocks by geological survey of India, which were auctioned for the commercial exploita-tion. This paper briefly discuses the possible mechanism of formation and the nature of mineralization of graphite here in this belt, essentially based on the inferences drawn from petrography supported by scanning electron microscopic and XRD data. It is concluded that major proportion of the graphite mineralization here is accumulated due to progressive metamorphism of the organic matter deposited along with various sediments, while a considerable component has been contributed by the precipitation from super critical graphite rich fluids.","PeriodicalId":63246,"journal":{"name":"地质学期刊(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70650471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.4236/ojg.2022.1211043
M. Lghoul
{"title":"The Use of Edge Enhancement Methods and Euler Deconvolution to Estimate an Ore Deposit Depth from Gravity Data","authors":"M. Lghoul","doi":"10.4236/ojg.2022.1211043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojg.2022.1211043","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":63246,"journal":{"name":"地质学期刊(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70650779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mari Bugti hills and surroundings belong to Sulaiman basin (fragment of Gondwana) lies under the territory of Balochistan, South Punjab and North Sindh (Pakistan) but luckily have diverse marine and terrestrial sediments varying in age from Triassic to Recent, petroleum and a large number of mineral resources especially huge gypsum and cement resources, numerous suitable anticlinal structures and world-famous paleontology. The large-sized poripuchian titanosaurs, theropods, mesoeucrocodiles, pterosaur, bird and snake were reported from the latest Cretaceous Vitakri Formation, and largest terrestrial mammals and eucrocodiles were reported from the Oligocene Chitarwata Formation and other mammals were also reported from Late Paleogene and Neogene terrestrial deposits. Previously part of this area was not mapped due to remoteness and security problems but recently the mapping of these areas was started. Further, the structural and geological maps of previously omitted parts are added here. After performing the multidisciplinary field investigations by senior author, the corresponding results were obtained. The main objective of this work is to focus on the lithostratigraphic deposits, geology and paleontology of the Mari Bugti Hills and surrounding areas.
Mari Bugti山脉及其周边地区属于苏莱曼盆地(Gondwana的碎片)，位于俾路支省、南旁遮普省和北信德省(巴基斯坦)境内，但幸运的是，这里有从三叠纪到最近的各种不同年龄的海相和陆相沉积物，石油和大量的矿产资源，特别是巨大的石膏和水泥资源，众多合适的背斜构造和世界著名的古生物学。在晚白垩世Vitakri组中发现了大型poripuchian、泰坦龙、兽脚亚目、中真鳄、翼龙、鸟类和蛇，渐新世Chitarwata组中发现了最大的陆生哺乳动物和真鳄，晚古近纪和新近纪陆生沉积物中也发现了其他哺乳动物。由于地处偏远和安全问题，以前该地区的一部分没有绘制地图，但最近开始绘制这些地区的地图。此外，还补充了以前遗漏部分的构造和地质图。在资深作者进行多学科实地调查后，得到了相应的结果。这项工作的主要目的是集中研究马里布格提山及其周围地区的岩石地层沉积、地质和古生物学。
{"title":"Lithostratigraphy, Structure, Geological History, Economic Geology and Paleontology of Mari Bugti Hills and Surrounding Areas of Balochistan, South Punjab and North Sindh (Pakistan)","authors":"M. S. Malkani, Yousaf Haroon","doi":"10.4236/ojg.2022.121002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojg.2022.121002","url":null,"abstract":"Mari Bugti hills and surroundings belong to Sulaiman basin (fragment of Gondwana) lies under the territory of Balochistan, South Punjab and North Sindh (Pakistan) but luckily have diverse marine and terrestrial sediments varying in age from Triassic to Recent, petroleum and a large number of mineral resources especially huge gypsum and cement resources, numerous suitable anticlinal structures and world-famous paleontology. The large-sized poripuchian titanosaurs, theropods, mesoeucrocodiles, pterosaur, bird and snake were reported from the latest Cretaceous Vitakri Formation, and largest terrestrial mammals and eucrocodiles were reported from the Oligocene Chitarwata Formation and other mammals were also reported from Late Paleogene and Neogene terrestrial deposits. Previously part of this area was not mapped due to remoteness and security problems but recently the mapping of these areas was started. Further, the structural and geological maps of previously omitted parts are added here. After performing the multidisciplinary field investigations by senior author, the corresponding results were obtained. The main objective of this work is to focus on the lithostratigraphic deposits, geology and paleontology of the Mari Bugti Hills and surrounding areas.","PeriodicalId":63246,"journal":{"name":"地质学期刊(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70650272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.4236/ojg.2022.1210035
R. Sharma
{"title":"Boudin Types, Their Morphology and Significance in Interpreting Deformational History in Proterozoic Rocks of North Delhi Fold Belt, North Western India","authors":"R. Sharma","doi":"10.4236/ojg.2022.1210035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojg.2022.1210035","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":63246,"journal":{"name":"地质学期刊(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70650322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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