Pub Date : 2011-09-01DOI: 10.1109/NATPC.2011.6136542
N. Ibrahim, M. Sudin, M. Nor
Knowledge of the performance of cutting fluids in machining process is important in order to improve the efficiency of any machining process. The objective of this work is to compare the performance of CPO to commercially available cutting fluid which is Solkut 2140 cutting fluid in terms of cutting forces, surface roughness of the workpiece and tool wear in turning process by using coated carbide insert as cutting tool and AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel as workpiece material. In general, the results indicated that CPO performed better than Solkut 2140 in reducing the cutting forces, improving the surface finish and reducing the tool wear. CPO has been used as a cutting fluid in this work because it provides the desirable quality for boundary lubrication, biodegradable, less toxic and vast resources.
{"title":"Investigation on the effect of crude palm oil (CPO) on the cutting forces, surface roughness and tool wear in turning SS304","authors":"N. Ibrahim, M. Sudin, M. Nor","doi":"10.1109/NATPC.2011.6136542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NATPC.2011.6136542","url":null,"abstract":"Knowledge of the performance of cutting fluids in machining process is important in order to improve the efficiency of any machining process. The objective of this work is to compare the performance of CPO to commercially available cutting fluid which is Solkut 2140 cutting fluid in terms of cutting forces, surface roughness of the workpiece and tool wear in turning process by using coated carbide insert as cutting tool and AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel as workpiece material. In general, the results indicated that CPO performed better than Solkut 2140 in reducing the cutting forces, improving the surface finish and reducing the tool wear. CPO has been used as a cutting fluid in this work because it provides the desirable quality for boundary lubrication, biodegradable, less toxic and vast resources.","PeriodicalId":6411,"journal":{"name":"2011 National Postgraduate Conference","volume":"49 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87561661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-09-01DOI: 10.1109/NATPC.2011.6136257
M. S. Khan, H. Mukhtar, C. F. Kait
Deposition of complex and heavy organic compounds, which exist in petroleum crude and heavy oil, can cause a number of severe problems. In present study wax deposition was studied at 80°C using cold finger device. Three crude oil samples were tested in original and demetalized composition for wax deposition. FTIR and GC-MS was used for chemical composition and structural analysis of the obtained wax. Significant difference was observed for wax deposition in original and demetalized crude oil samples. The chemical composition analysis of carbon-hydrogen stretching mode showed a strong absorption between 2850 cm•1, 2916 cm•1 and 2950 cm•1. GC-MS analysis confirmed the pattern of n alkanes with presence of other high molecular weight compounds in wax obtained from crude oil samples.
{"title":"Study on wax deposition in crude oils","authors":"M. S. Khan, H. Mukhtar, C. F. Kait","doi":"10.1109/NATPC.2011.6136257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NATPC.2011.6136257","url":null,"abstract":"Deposition of complex and heavy organic compounds, which exist in petroleum crude and heavy oil, can cause a number of severe problems. In present study wax deposition was studied at 80°C using cold finger device. Three crude oil samples were tested in original and demetalized composition for wax deposition. FTIR and GC-MS was used for chemical composition and structural analysis of the obtained wax. Significant difference was observed for wax deposition in original and demetalized crude oil samples. The chemical composition analysis of carbon-hydrogen stretching mode showed a strong absorption between 2850 cm•1, 2916 cm•1 and 2950 cm•1. GC-MS analysis confirmed the pattern of n alkanes with presence of other high molecular weight compounds in wax obtained from crude oil samples.","PeriodicalId":6411,"journal":{"name":"2011 National Postgraduate Conference","volume":"24 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73568848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-09-01DOI: 10.1109/NATPC.2011.6136249
A. Inayat, M. M. Ahmad, M. Mutalib, S. Yusup
Biomass steam gasification with in-situ carbon dioxide capture using CaO exhibits good prospects for the production of hydrogen rich gas. The present work focused on the determination of reaction rate kinetics for hydrogen production from oil palm waste steam gasification using optimization approach in MATLAB. The kinetics parameters were calculated by fitting experimental data to kinetics model and minimization of least squared error between the model predictions and experimental results. The model was validated and showed good agreement with the literature. The developed model was used to investigate the effect of temperature and steam/biomass ratio on the product gas composition. Based on the results, hydrogen purity of more than 70 mol% can be achieved. It was found that increment in temperature and steam/biomass ratio is in favor of hydrogen production. The study provided a useful optimization approach for the determination of kinetics parameters for a specific biomass in future experimental work.
{"title":"Optimization approach for kinetics parameters determination for oil palm waste steam gasification with in-situ CO2 capture for hydrogen production","authors":"A. Inayat, M. M. Ahmad, M. Mutalib, S. Yusup","doi":"10.1109/NATPC.2011.6136249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NATPC.2011.6136249","url":null,"abstract":"Biomass steam gasification with in-situ carbon dioxide capture using CaO exhibits good prospects for the production of hydrogen rich gas. The present work focused on the determination of reaction rate kinetics for hydrogen production from oil palm waste steam gasification using optimization approach in MATLAB. The kinetics parameters were calculated by fitting experimental data to kinetics model and minimization of least squared error between the model predictions and experimental results. The model was validated and showed good agreement with the literature. The developed model was used to investigate the effect of temperature and steam/biomass ratio on the product gas composition. Based on the results, hydrogen purity of more than 70 mol% can be achieved. It was found that increment in temperature and steam/biomass ratio is in favor of hydrogen production. The study provided a useful optimization approach for the determination of kinetics parameters for a specific biomass in future experimental work.","PeriodicalId":6411,"journal":{"name":"2011 National Postgraduate Conference","volume":"74 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72983545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-09-01DOI: 10.1109/NATPC.2011.6136445
Goh Hui Hwang, Lee Sian Wei, K. B. Ching, Ng Suan Lin
Deciding the key location to build a wind farm is an essential element in order to obtain optimum energy production with the least cost of resources possible. A strategic location is crucial as it will ensure that turbine foundations, access roads and construction areas be provided at a reasonable cost. The location selection will also enable the authorities to predict the environmental impact to the wind farm surroundings. In this research, the AHP and Fuzzy AHP method are utilized to evaluate the priority of criteria in selecting a location for wind farm. A case study is also carried out to evaluate the wind potential on two locations, thus, implementing the TOPSIS method to choose the best wind site. The paper is arranged in five important sections that include introduction, methodology, results and analysis, discussion and conclusion as well as recommendation.
{"title":"Wind farm allocation in Malaysia based on multi-criteria decision making method","authors":"Goh Hui Hwang, Lee Sian Wei, K. B. Ching, Ng Suan Lin","doi":"10.1109/NATPC.2011.6136445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NATPC.2011.6136445","url":null,"abstract":"Deciding the key location to build a wind farm is an essential element in order to obtain optimum energy production with the least cost of resources possible. A strategic location is crucial as it will ensure that turbine foundations, access roads and construction areas be provided at a reasonable cost. The location selection will also enable the authorities to predict the environmental impact to the wind farm surroundings. In this research, the AHP and Fuzzy AHP method are utilized to evaluate the priority of criteria in selecting a location for wind farm. A case study is also carried out to evaluate the wind potential on two locations, thus, implementing the TOPSIS method to choose the best wind site. The paper is arranged in five important sections that include introduction, methodology, results and analysis, discussion and conclusion as well as recommendation.","PeriodicalId":6411,"journal":{"name":"2011 National Postgraduate Conference","volume":"66 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73382591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-09-01DOI: 10.1109/NATPC.2011.6136254
D. Hasan, M. Ghengesh, M. A. Hassan, Z. Noor, A. Yuniarto, M. H. Chakrabarti, M. Islam, B. S. Ali, G. M. A. Khan
In this study, performance of a laboratory-scale submerged hollow fibre membrane to treat oily wastewater from electroplating plant was investigated. The degradation of raw oily wastewater at a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 13.3 hours was studied. Results of the three runs showed that oil and grease (O&G) was biodegraded in the MBR system to a high extent, with removal efficiency between 91.1–98.7%.
{"title":"Use of a membrane bioreactor in effluent treatment from electroplating industry: Oil and grease","authors":"D. Hasan, M. Ghengesh, M. A. Hassan, Z. Noor, A. Yuniarto, M. H. Chakrabarti, M. Islam, B. S. Ali, G. M. A. Khan","doi":"10.1109/NATPC.2011.6136254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NATPC.2011.6136254","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, performance of a laboratory-scale submerged hollow fibre membrane to treat oily wastewater from electroplating plant was investigated. The degradation of raw oily wastewater at a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 13.3 hours was studied. Results of the three runs showed that oil and grease (O&G) was biodegraded in the MBR system to a high extent, with removal efficiency between 91.1–98.7%.","PeriodicalId":6411,"journal":{"name":"2011 National Postgraduate Conference","volume":"12 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74712747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-09-01DOI: 10.1109/NATPC.2011.6136395
V. Kumar, V. Raghavan
Fluidized beds are in use for decades in various industrial as well as other areas providing better efficiency and more effectiveness for processes involved. Its application has been extended to various industrial and non-industrial processes since its advent. In due course, the change in nature and new requirements of processes have necessitated alteration in the fluidized beds for custom use. This work attempts to introduce the pros and cons of the conventional fluidized bed as well as its newer variants.
{"title":"Developments in fluidized bed technology — A review","authors":"V. Kumar, V. Raghavan","doi":"10.1109/NATPC.2011.6136395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NATPC.2011.6136395","url":null,"abstract":"Fluidized beds are in use for decades in various industrial as well as other areas providing better efficiency and more effectiveness for processes involved. Its application has been extended to various industrial and non-industrial processes since its advent. In due course, the change in nature and new requirements of processes have necessitated alteration in the fluidized beds for custom use. This work attempts to introduce the pros and cons of the conventional fluidized bed as well as its newer variants.","PeriodicalId":6411,"journal":{"name":"2011 National Postgraduate Conference","volume":"42 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74035218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-09-01DOI: 10.1109/NATPC.2011.6136392
A. S. M. Yudin, V. Raghavan, M. Narahari
Knowledge of the complete history of the solid particles in the case of a fluidized bed processes is practically out of reach. In such cases the residence time distribution becomes a very important design tool since all particles that enter the system do not reside for the same period of time. Residence Time Theory deals with the estimation of the average time a particle remains in the system and is necessarily probabilistic in nature. The multi-parameter two-layer model was proposed in which it consist of six independent parameters and one dependent parameter. The effect of these parameters on the RTD function, E(θ) are studied and the model is shown to be highly versatile and capable of representing widely different mixing conditions.
{"title":"A mathematical model for residence time distribution analysis in swirling fluidized bed","authors":"A. S. M. Yudin, V. Raghavan, M. Narahari","doi":"10.1109/NATPC.2011.6136392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NATPC.2011.6136392","url":null,"abstract":"Knowledge of the complete history of the solid particles in the case of a fluidized bed processes is practically out of reach. In such cases the residence time distribution becomes a very important design tool since all particles that enter the system do not reside for the same period of time. Residence Time Theory deals with the estimation of the average time a particle remains in the system and is necessarily probabilistic in nature. The multi-parameter two-layer model was proposed in which it consist of six independent parameters and one dependent parameter. The effect of these parameters on the RTD function, E(θ) are studied and the model is shown to be highly versatile and capable of representing widely different mixing conditions.","PeriodicalId":6411,"journal":{"name":"2011 National Postgraduate Conference","volume":"30 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77119643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-09-01DOI: 10.1109/NATPC.2011.6136403
Mohamed Elhadie, A. Karim, A. Amin
In this research paper, user-friendly and accurate mathematical model for estimating the cost of end-milling of AISI D2 tool steel using Polycrystalline Cubic Boron Nitride (PCBN) cutting tool inserts is developed. Initially, the different components of machining cost were identified, followed by establishment of equations to determine their values. Then, the required experimental and non-experimental data were collected and the bottom-up approach was adopted for evaluating the cost of machining corresponding to each of fifteen experimental runs. The Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used to develop the model in which the cost of machining is given as a function of the machining parameters; cutting speed, feed per tooth, and depth of cut, and expressed in Ringgit Malaysia per cubic cm (RM per cm)3. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was utilized to check the adequacy of the developed model. The developed model was found to be statistically adequate.
本文建立了用PCBN刀具刀片对AISI D2工具钢进行端铣加工成本估算的数学模型。首先，确定了加工成本的不同组成部分，然后建立了方程来确定它们的值。然后，收集所需的实验和非实验数据，采用自底向上的方法评估15次实验运行中每一次对应的加工成本。采用响应面法(RSM)建立了加工成本随加工参数变化的模型;切削速度，每齿进给量和切削深度，并以马来西亚林吉特每立方厘米(RM per cm)表示。采用方差分析(ANOVA)来检验所建立模型的充分性。所建立的模型在统计上是充分的。
{"title":"Cost model for end-milling of AISI D2 tool steel","authors":"Mohamed Elhadie, A. Karim, A. Amin","doi":"10.1109/NATPC.2011.6136403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NATPC.2011.6136403","url":null,"abstract":"In this research paper, user-friendly and accurate mathematical model for estimating the cost of end-milling of AISI D2 tool steel using Polycrystalline Cubic Boron Nitride (PCBN) cutting tool inserts is developed. Initially, the different components of machining cost were identified, followed by establishment of equations to determine their values. Then, the required experimental and non-experimental data were collected and the bottom-up approach was adopted for evaluating the cost of machining corresponding to each of fifteen experimental runs. The Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used to develop the model in which the cost of machining is given as a function of the machining parameters; cutting speed, feed per tooth, and depth of cut, and expressed in Ringgit Malaysia per cubic cm (RM per cm)3. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was utilized to check the adequacy of the developed model. The developed model was found to be statistically adequate.","PeriodicalId":6411,"journal":{"name":"2011 National Postgraduate Conference","volume":"42 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78199275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-09-01DOI: 10.1109/NATPC.2011.6136411
A. Z. Mahamat, A. Rani, P. Husain
Cu-WC-Si composites were synthesized by using a planetary ball milling. Different composition of elemental Cu, WC and Ti powders were mixed and milled for 5 and 10 hours in an open air. The powder characterized before and after milling to expose the effect of milling variables on particle size, homogenization and contamination. Analyzing carried out by using X-ray and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The as milled particle size and homogenization generally influenced by milling time and tungsten Carbide (WC) content. With longer milling time and higher tungsten carbide content, particle size becomes smaller and smaller. The average particle sizes of the as milled powder are in ranged from 5µm to 30 µm and strongly depend on the copper content.
{"title":"Synthesizing and characterization of Cu-WC-Si composite prepared by using planetary ball milling","authors":"A. Z. Mahamat, A. Rani, P. Husain","doi":"10.1109/NATPC.2011.6136411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NATPC.2011.6136411","url":null,"abstract":"Cu-WC-Si composites were synthesized by using a planetary ball milling. Different composition of elemental Cu, WC and Ti powders were mixed and milled for 5 and 10 hours in an open air. The powder characterized before and after milling to expose the effect of milling variables on particle size, homogenization and contamination. Analyzing carried out by using X-ray and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The as milled particle size and homogenization generally influenced by milling time and tungsten Carbide (WC) content. With longer milling time and higher tungsten carbide content, particle size becomes smaller and smaller. The average particle sizes of the as milled powder are in ranged from 5µm to 30 µm and strongly depend on the copper content.","PeriodicalId":6411,"journal":{"name":"2011 National Postgraduate Conference","volume":"249 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75853359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-09-01DOI: 10.1109/NATPC.2011.6136404
U. Patthi, M. Awang
This paper focuses on the application of friction stir welding (FSW) as a joining process for aluminium metal matrix composite (MMC). FSW is known as a relatively new joining technique and in Malaysia the application of the technique is still in its infant stage. Among the advantages of this method compared to the conventional joining technique is that it reduces problem associated to metal re-solidification as the technique involves no melting stages. In addition the welding strength is higher; reduce in energy consumption and a longer tool life. Recently several substantial studies have been conducted to further extent the application of FSW. One of these studies is the application of FSW on newer materials such as aluminium MMC. This material has been chosen because of its ever expanding potential in the industry and its unique properties when compared to other materials. In the past, the material development was only focusing on the aerospace field applications, but recently the development of the material have been directed towards automotive, transportation, recreation and as well in the electronic industry. The objective of this paper is to analyze the microstructure and mechanical properties of the aluminium MMC joining through friction stir welding.
{"title":"Friction stir welding on aluminum 6092/sic/25p/t6 metal matrix composite: Its microstructure evolution and mechanical properties","authors":"U. Patthi, M. Awang","doi":"10.1109/NATPC.2011.6136404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NATPC.2011.6136404","url":null,"abstract":"This paper focuses on the application of friction stir welding (FSW) as a joining process for aluminium metal matrix composite (MMC). FSW is known as a relatively new joining technique and in Malaysia the application of the technique is still in its infant stage. Among the advantages of this method compared to the conventional joining technique is that it reduces problem associated to metal re-solidification as the technique involves no melting stages. In addition the welding strength is higher; reduce in energy consumption and a longer tool life. Recently several substantial studies have been conducted to further extent the application of FSW. One of these studies is the application of FSW on newer materials such as aluminium MMC. This material has been chosen because of its ever expanding potential in the industry and its unique properties when compared to other materials. In the past, the material development was only focusing on the aerospace field applications, but recently the development of the material have been directed towards automotive, transportation, recreation and as well in the electronic industry. The objective of this paper is to analyze the microstructure and mechanical properties of the aluminium MMC joining through friction stir welding.","PeriodicalId":6411,"journal":{"name":"2011 National Postgraduate Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78839650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：