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2016 10th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP)最新文献

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Dual-polarised lens feed arrays and end-fire antennas in E-band e波段双偏振透镜馈电阵列和端射天线
Pub Date : 2016-05-31 DOI: 10.1109/EUCAP.2016.7481256
J. Ala-Laurinaho, A. Lamminen, J. Saily, R. Luomaniemi, M. Kaunisto, T. Kovarik, Pekka J. Wainio, A. Raisanen
The growing subscriber demand for better mobile broadband experiences is encouraging the industry to look ahead at the future 5G networks: how can they be readied to meet extreme capacity and performance demands for both access and backhaul applications. The large bandwidth of spectrum available in E-band (71-76 GHz & 81-86 GHz) makes for an attractive resource to support such capacity gains. One of the numerous challenges that face the developers of commercial E-band solutions is how to efficiently implement dual-polarised antennas needed to support dual-stream MIMO applications. This paper presents a novel dual-polarised feeder array for dielectric lens antennas useable for access and backhaul applications as well as a dual-polarised end-fire antenna solution suitable to expand the field of view for user devices.
用户对更好的移动宽带体验的需求不断增长,这促使业界展望未来的5G网络:它们如何准备好满足接入和回程应用的极限容量和性能需求?e波段(71-76 GHz和81-86 GHz)可用的大带宽频谱为支持这种容量增益提供了有吸引力的资源。商用e波段解决方案的开发人员面临的众多挑战之一是如何有效地实现支持双流MIMO应用所需的双极化天线。本文提出了一种适用于接入和回程应用的介质透镜天线的新型双极化馈线阵列,以及一种适用于扩大用户设备视场的双极化端射天线解决方案。
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引用次数: 1
Mitigation of multiple reflections in antenna pattern retrieval method 天线方向图检索方法中多重反射的抑制
Pub Date : 2016-05-31 DOI: 10.1109/EUCAP.2016.7482016
Gaurav Khairkar, J. Ala-Laurinaho, V. Viikari, V. Semkin, A. Raisanen
In this paper, a recently proposed method for antenna radiation pattern retrieval is studied. The method is based on measurements of reflection coefficients when a reflective load is moved in front of the antenna under test. It has been proposed to be used for on-wafer antenna measurements in the probe station environment. However, the method may be subject to multiple reflections and, therefore, time gating is studied in order to mitigate the effect of reflections. This paper evaluates how time gating affects the determination of the reflection coefficients. The time gating is demonstrated by simulations of a pyramidal horn antenna at 30 GHz. Practical implementation and experimental results of time gating at millimeter wavelengths are presented using a probe-fed 4 by 4 patch antenna array.
本文研究了一种新提出的天线辐射方向图检索方法。该方法是基于测量反射载荷在被测天线前移动时的反射系数。它被建议用于探测站环境下的片上天线测量。然而,该方法可能受到多次反射,因此,研究时间门控,以减轻反射的影响。本文评价了时间门控如何影响反射系数的确定。通过30 GHz锥体喇叭天线的仿真验证了时间门控的有效性。给出了利用4 × 4探针馈电贴片天线阵列实现毫米波时间门控的实际实现和实验结果。
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引用次数: 2
Effects of user's hand on the measurement setup in MIMO over-the-air testing MIMO无线测试中用户手对测量设置的影响
Pub Date : 2016-05-31 DOI: 10.1109/EUCAP.2016.7481987
Miah Md. Suzan, A. Khatun, K. Haneda, L. Hentila, A. Karilainen
In this paper, we provide the guidelines for the selection of suitable measurement setups for reliable and cost-effective multi-probe based over-the-air test system to measure the practical MIMO device with hand effect, in reference to the free-space. The guidelines are provided for the required number of probes, minimum probe distance from the device under test (DUT), and optimum size of DUT's rotation. The planewave synthesis technique based on spherical wave theory is used to emulate a reference channel model. Practical antennas in a mobile device operating at 806 MHz with the dimensions of 12.95 cm × 6.67 cm × 0.92 cm are used as DUT. The simulated results show that minimum 6 dual-polarized probes are required for the DUT with hand effect, while 4 dual-polarized probes are needed for the DUT in free space. The minimum probe distance is 100 cm and the optimum size of the azimuthal rotation step of the DUT in the measurement is 45° regardless of the scenarios and users' hand effect.
在本文中,我们提供了选择合适的测量装置的指南,用于可靠和经济高效的基于多探头的空中测试系统,以测量具有手效应的实际MIMO设备,参考自由空间。该指南提供了所需的探针数量,与被测设备的最小探针距离(DUT)以及被测设备旋转的最佳尺寸。采用基于球面波理论的平面波合成技术对参考信道模型进行仿真。实际天线在806 MHz的移动设备中,尺寸为12.95 cm × 6.67 cm × 0.92 cm作为DUT。仿真结果表明,具有手效应的被测件最少需要6个双极化探头,而在自由空间的被测件最少需要4个双极化探头。在不考虑场景和用户手效应的情况下,最小探头距离为100 cm,测量中被测件的方位旋转步长最佳尺寸为45°。
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引用次数: 2
Effect of shape and surroundings on harmonic transponder performance 形状和环境对谐波应答器性能的影响
Pub Date : 2016-05-31 DOI: 10.1109/EUCAP.2016.7481847
K. Rasilainen, V. Viikari
Harmonic transponders utilise two distinct, harmonically spaced frequencies to communicate with the reader device. For efficient performance, the transponder antenna needs to be properly matched at these frequencies. This work investigates how the transponder performance is affected when the shape of the transponder changes through bending or when the transponder is in the proximity of an object with varying material parameters. The obtained results show that the performance of the transponder is more affected by the properties of the object it is attached to. With different bending states, the harmonic response of the transponder does not change significantly, meaning that the design could be suitable for conformal applications.
谐波应答器利用两个不同的、谐波间隔的频率与阅读器设备通信。为了获得有效的性能,应答器天线需要在这些频率上适当匹配。这项工作研究了当转发器的形状因弯曲而改变或当转发器靠近具有不同材料参数的物体时,转发器的性能是如何受到影响的。结果表明,应答器的性能受其所附着物体特性的影响较大。在不同的弯曲状态下,应答器的谐波响应没有明显变化,这意味着该设计可以适用于保形应用。
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引用次数: 0
Radiation-enhancing reflector Radiation-enhancing反射器
Pub Date : 2016-05-31 DOI: 10.1109/EUCAP.2016.7481933
C. Valagiannopoulos, S. Tretyakov
We show that it is possible to realize a passive planar reflector whose reflectivity (close to the resonant frequency of the reflector structure) is larger than unity. This reflector is strongly coupled to evanescent fields of external sources and most effectively extracts power from them. Next, this power can be launched into far zone if the surface of the reflector is perturbed by some small passive scatterers. Used as electrically large reflector antennas, such planar surfaces show superdirectivity properties (the effective area is larger than the geometrical area of the reflector) while there is no need for careful subwavelength control over the amplitude and phase of the surface currents.
我们证明了有可能实现反射率(接近反射器结构的谐振频率)大于1的被动平面反射器。该反射器与外部源的倏逝场强耦合,并最有效地从中提取能量。其次,如果反射器表面受到一些小的被动散射体的干扰,则该功率可以发射到远区。作为电大型反射器天线,这种平面表面表现出超指向性(有效面积大于反射器的几何面积),而不需要对表面电流的幅度和相位进行仔细的亚波长控制。
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引用次数: 0
Realization of RFID tag antenna with 3D printing technology 用3D打印技术实现RFID标签天线
Pub Date : 2016-05-31 DOI: 10.1109/EUCAP.2016.7481675
S. Naushahi, K. Rasilainen, V. Viikari
The use of three-dimensional (3D) printing technology for manufacturing complex-shaped objects with high accuracy has increased in recent years. In this paper, experimental work is carried out to study the feasibility of using 3D printing technology for realizing a tag antenna for Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) applications. The proposed tag antenna is designed for the North American RFID frequency band (902-928MHz). The antenna is 3D printed with dielectric, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) material, and it is post-processed using electroplating to make the antenna conductive. The performance of the manufactured antenna is measured and compared with simulations. Measurement results of antenna impedance show that the manufactured antenna exhibits higher electrical losses than predicted by simulations. In order to check the repeatability of the manufacturing process, two tags are developed by connecting an RFID chip to the fabricated antennas, and by comparing their power sensitivity and read range.
近年来,三维(3D)打印技术在高精度制造复杂形状物体方面的应用有所增加。本文开展实验工作,研究利用3D打印技术实现射频识别(RFID)应用的标签天线的可行性。所提出的标签天线是为北美RFID频段(902-928MHz)设计的。该天线采用介电材料、丙烯腈丁二烯苯乙烯(ABS)材料3D打印,并经过电镀后处理,使天线具有导电性。对所制天线的性能进行了测量,并与仿真结果进行了比较。天线阻抗测量结果表明,所制天线的电损耗高于仿真预测。为了检查制造过程的可重复性,通过将RFID芯片连接到制造的天线,并通过比较它们的功率灵敏度和读取范围,开发了两个标签。
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引用次数: 7
Radiation properties of moving constellations of (nano) satellites: A complexity study 移动(纳米)卫星星座的辐射特性:一个复杂性研究
Pub Date : 2016-04-14 DOI: 10.1109/EUCAP.2016.7481489
W. Bruinsma, R. Hes, S. Bosma, I. Lager, M. Bentum
The (computational) complexity involved by beamforming in moving constellations of (nano) satellites is investigated by means of illustrative numerical experiments. While the number of radiators in such three-dimensional (3D) array antennas is not large, evaluating their radiation patterns entails challenging computational intricacies in view of the satellites being in motion and each satellite performing general 3D rotations. As a result, the relevant array radiation patterns become time-dependent, the elementary radiation patterns being themselves time-dependent. The discussed experiments will illustrate the time evolution of the radiation pattern for given individual satellite orbits and rotation laws. At the same time, they will provide a basis for estimating the computational complexity involved by predicting the complete beamforming in future space-bound remote sensing missions using constellations of (nano) satellites.
采用说明性数值实验的方法,研究了纳米卫星运动星座波束形成的计算复杂度。虽然这种三维(3D)阵列天线中的辐射体数量并不多,但鉴于卫星处于运动状态并且每个卫星都进行一般的三维旋转,评估其辐射模式需要具有挑战性的计算复杂性。结果,相关的阵列辐射方向图与时间相关,基本辐射方向图本身也与时间相关。所讨论的实验将说明给定单个卫星轨道和旋转规律下辐射方向图的时间演化。同时,它们将通过预测未来空间遥感任务中使用(纳米)卫星星座的完整波束形成,为估计所涉及的计算复杂性提供基础。
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引用次数: 0
24 GHz cmwave radio propagation through vegetation: Suburban tree clutter attenuation 通过植被的24 GHz毫米波无线电传播:郊区树杂波衰减
Pub Date : 2016-04-13 DOI: 10.1109/EUCAP.2016.7481471
Ignacio Rodriguez, Renato B. Abreu, E. Almeida, Mads Lauridsen, Alexandre Loureiro, P. Mogensen
This paper presents a measurement-based analysis of cm-wave radio propagation through vegetation at 24 GHz. A set of dedicated directional measurements were performed with horn antennas located close to street level inside a densely-vegetated area illuminated from above. The full azimuth was examined for the elevation range from +10 to +30 degrees at each of the measurement positions in order to explore the directional characteristics of the channel. The detailed analysis of the spatial multipath components scattered from the trees suggests, in average, the presence of 5 strong tree-scattered components per location with an azimuthal deviation of approximately 20 degrees between the strongest and the direct transmitter-receiver components. A diversity gain of approximately 7 dB is estimated, plus 2 dB extra in the case of considering multi-beam combining techniques. Tree clutter attenuation was found to be in the range 2.6-3.8 dB/m for the first meters inside the vegetated area. This attenuation can be predicted by the current ITU-R models, although some modifications are suggested. Single-tree attenuation was estimated to be approximately 20 dB. The different models and observations presented along the paper are useful for simulation and radio network planning of future wireless systems operating at 24 GHz in presence of vegetation.
本文提出了一种基于测量的毫米波无线电在24ghz波段通过植被传播的分析方法。一组专用的定向测量是通过位于靠近街道的喇叭天线进行的,该天线位于植被密集的区域内,从上方照射。为了探索通道的方向特性,在每个测量位置检查了+10到+30度的仰角范围。对树木散射的空间多径分量的详细分析表明,平均每个位置存在5个强树散射分量,最强和直接发射-接收分量之间的方位角偏差约为20度。估计分集增益约为7db,在考虑多波束组合技术的情况下再增加2db。植被区域内前m的树杂波衰减在2.6 ~ 3.8 dB/m之间。目前的ITU-R模型可以预测这种衰减,但建议进行一些修改。估计单树衰减约为20 dB。本文提出的不同模型和观测结果对未来有植被的24 GHz无线系统的模拟和无线网络规划是有用的。
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引用次数: 23
A transportable hybrid antenna-transmitter system for the generation of elliptically polarized waves for NVIS propagation research 用于NVIS传播研究的椭圆极化波产生的可移动混合天线发射机系统
Pub Date : 2016-04-12 DOI: 10.1109/EUCAP.2016.7481549
B. Witvliet, G. Laanstra, Erik van Maanen, R. Alsina-Pagès, M. Bentum, C. Slump, R. Schiphorst
For empirical research on Near Vertical Incidence Skywave (NVIS) characteristic wave propagation, a beacon transmitter system is needed that can be programmed to emit precisely defined elliptically and circularly polarized waves at high elevation angles. This paper proposes a novel hybrid antenna-transmitter system, a combination of a synchronous dual channel transmitter and a turnstile antenna. The polarization emitted by the turnstile antenna is defined by the power ratio and phase difference of the outputs of the transmitter. Operating frequency is between 3 to 10 MHz. An automated and transportable solution is described, which can be fed by battery or solar power. Power consumption is 5.7 W.
为了对近垂直入射天波(NVIS)特征波传播进行实证研究,需要一个能够在高仰角发射精确定义的椭圆偏振波和圆偏振波的信标发射机系统。本文提出了一种新型的天线-发射机混合系统,即同步双通道发射机和旋转门天线的组合。旋转门天线发射的极化由发射机输出的功率比和相位差决定。工作频率在3 ~ 10mhz之间。描述了一种自动化和可运输的解决方案,它可以由电池或太阳能供电。功耗为5.7 W。
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引用次数: 6
Shaped beam synthesis of sparse arrays of coupled elements through a modified Orthogonal Matching Pursuit algorithm and multiple dictionaries 基于改进正交匹配追踪算法和多字典的稀疏耦合元阵列形束合成
Pub Date : 2016-04-10 DOI: 10.1109/EUCAP.2016.7481201
J. Rubio, J. Córcoles, J. Izquierdo, Rafel Gomez-Alcala, J. M. Gil
A method to design sparse arrays based on the Orthogonal Matching Pursuit algorithm and spherical wave expansions is proposed. The Orthogonal Matching Pursuit algorithm is modified in order to take mutual coupling effects into account in the design of sparse arrays. Different Dictionaries are used, going beyond a recently proposed application of the method to array thinning. Further reduction of elements can be achieved at the expense of increasing the computational time in the design process.
提出了一种基于正交匹配追踪算法和球面波展开的稀疏阵列设计方法。为了在稀疏阵列设计中考虑到相互耦合效应,对正交匹配追踪算法进行了改进。使用了不同的字典,超出了最近提出的用于数组细化的方法的应用。在设计过程中,以增加计算时间为代价,可以进一步减少元素。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
2016 10th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP)
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