Pub Date : 2016-04-10DOI: 10.1109/EUCAP.2016.7481772
T. Aoyagi, J. Takada, Minseok Kim
Propagation channel of body area networks fluctuates by shadowing caused by human movement. However, to make dynamic BAN channel model for individual human motion by few parameters is not easy, so most of the channel modeling in BANs are performed with statistical treatment of human motions. In this paper, as an attempt to treat individual human motions in BAN channel modeling, a geometrical modeling method of shadowing during human movement is proposed. Shadowing between on-body nodes and an external access point during several human movements (walking, running, and weak-walking) is calculated by numerical simulations, and shadowing rates are modeled by proposed method. As a result, fittings of shadowing by proposed function are obtained with six parameters for individual human movements.
{"title":"Geometrical modeling of shadowing between on-body nodes and off-body antennas during various human movements in WBAN","authors":"T. Aoyagi, J. Takada, Minseok Kim","doi":"10.1109/EUCAP.2016.7481772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EUCAP.2016.7481772","url":null,"abstract":"Propagation channel of body area networks fluctuates by shadowing caused by human movement. However, to make dynamic BAN channel model for individual human motion by few parameters is not easy, so most of the channel modeling in BANs are performed with statistical treatment of human motions. In this paper, as an attempt to treat individual human motions in BAN channel modeling, a geometrical modeling method of shadowing during human movement is proposed. Shadowing between on-body nodes and an external access point during several human movements (walking, running, and weak-walking) is calculated by numerical simulations, and shadowing rates are modeled by proposed method. As a result, fittings of shadowing by proposed function are obtained with six parameters for individual human movements.","PeriodicalId":6509,"journal":{"name":"2016 10th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP)","volume":"2 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74702928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-04-10DOI: 10.1109/EUCAP.2016.7481756
Hung-Anh Nguyen, Kim Mahler, M. Peter, W. Keusgen, Taro Eichler, Heinz Mellein
In this paper a new method has been introduced to obtain directional information on the propagation paths from wide-band channel measurement data, in particular with respect to future measurements in the mm-wave band. The method is based on large-scale virtual array analysis of the spatially sampled channel. Corresponding data can e.g. be obtained by measurements with an omnidirectional antenna, which is continuously moved during the measurement. The large-scale estimation approach has been compared with a well-known method, the smooth MUSIC algorithm. The proposed method yields quite stable DoA estimations on a large scale, whereas the small-scale-based MUSIC algorithm shows a high variance because of fading effects. However, the method proposed needs to be further evaluated in order to improve the accuracy of DoAs and to assess the dependence of the results on the input parameters.
{"title":"Estimation of DoA based on large-scale virtual array data","authors":"Hung-Anh Nguyen, Kim Mahler, M. Peter, W. Keusgen, Taro Eichler, Heinz Mellein","doi":"10.1109/EUCAP.2016.7481756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EUCAP.2016.7481756","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper a new method has been introduced to obtain directional information on the propagation paths from wide-band channel measurement data, in particular with respect to future measurements in the mm-wave band. The method is based on large-scale virtual array analysis of the spatially sampled channel. Corresponding data can e.g. be obtained by measurements with an omnidirectional antenna, which is continuously moved during the measurement. The large-scale estimation approach has been compared with a well-known method, the smooth MUSIC algorithm. The proposed method yields quite stable DoA estimations on a large scale, whereas the small-scale-based MUSIC algorithm shows a high variance because of fading effects. However, the method proposed needs to be further evaluated in order to improve the accuracy of DoAs and to assess the dependence of the results on the input parameters.","PeriodicalId":6509,"journal":{"name":"2016 10th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP)","volume":"58 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73036264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-04-10DOI: 10.1109/EUCAP.2016.7481644
Marie Jose Abi Akl, F. Jangal, M. Darces, M. Hélier
High Frequency radars usually use reflected waves from ionosphere to perform continuous surveillance of very large and far off areas. In the case of long term integration, the ionosphere instability affects the radar image and thus induces poor detection and high probability of false alarm. This problem appears in surveillance issues dealing with slow targets such as vessels. Such an issue also occurs in surface wave radar due to the lack of directivity of the transmitting antennas. In this paper, we propose probabilistic models of the ionosphere effects assuming that only the phase path fluctuation has a meaning in the radar point of view. Different models have been built and compared to a real case. It appears that the deviation in range and Doppler are meaningful. These models will be integrated in the radar processing in order to synthetize highly realistic radar data and estimate the radar parameters in case of turbulent ionosphere (i.e. range-Doppler shifts and uncertainties as well as detection and false alarm probabilities). The obtained results will be presented during the EuCAP 2016 conference.
{"title":"Modelling the ionospheric effects in HF radar long term integration","authors":"Marie Jose Abi Akl, F. Jangal, M. Darces, M. Hélier","doi":"10.1109/EUCAP.2016.7481644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EUCAP.2016.7481644","url":null,"abstract":"High Frequency radars usually use reflected waves from ionosphere to perform continuous surveillance of very large and far off areas. In the case of long term integration, the ionosphere instability affects the radar image and thus induces poor detection and high probability of false alarm. This problem appears in surveillance issues dealing with slow targets such as vessels. Such an issue also occurs in surface wave radar due to the lack of directivity of the transmitting antennas. In this paper, we propose probabilistic models of the ionosphere effects assuming that only the phase path fluctuation has a meaning in the radar point of view. Different models have been built and compared to a real case. It appears that the deviation in range and Doppler are meaningful. These models will be integrated in the radar processing in order to synthetize highly realistic radar data and estimate the radar parameters in case of turbulent ionosphere (i.e. range-Doppler shifts and uncertainties as well as detection and false alarm probabilities). The obtained results will be presented during the EuCAP 2016 conference.","PeriodicalId":6509,"journal":{"name":"2016 10th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP)","volume":"41 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75758278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-04-10DOI: 10.1109/EUCAP.2016.7481958
T. Okura, H. Arai
This paper presents the evaluation of reading RF tags by free access transmission line using microstrip bandpass filter structure for smart shelf known as RFID application. We simulate the coupled power with circularly polarized patch antenna as RF tag and evaluate the reading performance RF tags using the proposed line. As a result, the average couple power is about -23 dB and its fluctuation range is about 11 dB. The reading performance is 100% in any tag direction and position without the ends of proposed line.
{"title":"Evaluation of reading RF tags by free access transmission line for smart shelf applications","authors":"T. Okura, H. Arai","doi":"10.1109/EUCAP.2016.7481958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EUCAP.2016.7481958","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the evaluation of reading RF tags by free access transmission line using microstrip bandpass filter structure for smart shelf known as RFID application. We simulate the coupled power with circularly polarized patch antenna as RF tag and evaluate the reading performance RF tags using the proposed line. As a result, the average couple power is about -23 dB and its fluctuation range is about 11 dB. The reading performance is 100% in any tag direction and position without the ends of proposed line.","PeriodicalId":6509,"journal":{"name":"2016 10th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP)","volume":"78 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74208544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-04-10DOI: 10.1109/EUCAP.2016.7481099
D. R. Prado, M. Arrebola, M. Pino, F. Las-Heras, R. Florencio, R. Boix, J. Encinar
A method for the optimization of the crosspolar component of dual-polarized reflectarrays using the Method of Moments (MoM) is described. It is based on the Levenberg-Marquardt Algorithm (LMA) and it exploits several optimization techniques to accelerate the computations in order to be able to use MoM within acceptable computing times. Since MoM is used to analyze the reflectarray unit cell, it accurately accounts for the crosspolar components of the radiated far field, which can then be optimized in order to reduce its value while preserving the copolar shape. A test case is provided to validate the developed algorithm in which a Local Multipoint Distribution Service (LMDS) pattern is optimized.
{"title":"Reflectarray antenna with reduced crosspolar radiation pattern","authors":"D. R. Prado, M. Arrebola, M. Pino, F. Las-Heras, R. Florencio, R. Boix, J. Encinar","doi":"10.1109/EUCAP.2016.7481099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EUCAP.2016.7481099","url":null,"abstract":"A method for the optimization of the crosspolar component of dual-polarized reflectarrays using the Method of Moments (MoM) is described. It is based on the Levenberg-Marquardt Algorithm (LMA) and it exploits several optimization techniques to accelerate the computations in order to be able to use MoM within acceptable computing times. Since MoM is used to analyze the reflectarray unit cell, it accurately accounts for the crosspolar components of the radiated far field, which can then be optimized in order to reduce its value while preserving the copolar shape. A test case is provided to validate the developed algorithm in which a Local Multipoint Distribution Service (LMDS) pattern is optimized.","PeriodicalId":6509,"journal":{"name":"2016 10th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP)","volume":"18 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72718690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-04-10DOI: 10.1109/EUCAP.2016.7481351
N. Jamaly, P. Belanovic, D. Scanferla, Erich Zimmermann, Carine Genoud
We propose a wideband antenna for small cell applications, that is designed to be installed in paved street surfaces, such as roads, motorways, or sidewalks. The many interdisciplinary challenges involved in designing such an antenna are addressed in this paper. We trialed six prototypes of our design using a 2×2 MIMO configuration in three locations in a live LTE network in Bern, Switzerland. The measurement results are promising and confirm the feasibility of this idea in a real-world deployment.
{"title":"Wideband manhole antenna for small cell applications","authors":"N. Jamaly, P. Belanovic, D. Scanferla, Erich Zimmermann, Carine Genoud","doi":"10.1109/EUCAP.2016.7481351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EUCAP.2016.7481351","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a wideband antenna for small cell applications, that is designed to be installed in paved street surfaces, such as roads, motorways, or sidewalks. The many interdisciplinary challenges involved in designing such an antenna are addressed in this paper. We trialed six prototypes of our design using a 2×2 MIMO configuration in three locations in a live LTE network in Bern, Switzerland. The measurement results are promising and confirm the feasibility of this idea in a real-world deployment.","PeriodicalId":6509,"journal":{"name":"2016 10th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP)","volume":"8 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74417730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-04-10DOI: 10.1109/EUCAP.2016.7481617
A. Kelmendi, C. Kourogiorgas, A. Hrovat, A. Panagopoulos, G. Kandus, A. Vilhar
In this paper, the modeling of joint exceedance probability of rain attenuation based on Gaussian copula is examined for Earth-space dual site diversity systems. Joint complementary cumulative distribution functions (CCDF) of attenuation are used for satellite communications operating at frequencies above 10 GHz, in order to assess the performance and properly design a site diversity system. The modeling of joint CCDF of rain attenuation with Gaussian copula function is tested based on existing experimental data for different sites with various distances, elevation angles, baseline orientations, operating frequencies etc. The performance analysis shows that Gaussian copula can be used for modeling of joint CCDF of rain attenuation. Moreover, it is shown that especially for small separation distances and for low elevation angles, Gaussian copula gives significantly better results compared to previously proposed Archimedean copulas.
{"title":"Modeling of joint rain attenuation in earth-space diversity systems using Gaussian copula","authors":"A. Kelmendi, C. Kourogiorgas, A. Hrovat, A. Panagopoulos, G. Kandus, A. Vilhar","doi":"10.1109/EUCAP.2016.7481617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EUCAP.2016.7481617","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the modeling of joint exceedance probability of rain attenuation based on Gaussian copula is examined for Earth-space dual site diversity systems. Joint complementary cumulative distribution functions (CCDF) of attenuation are used for satellite communications operating at frequencies above 10 GHz, in order to assess the performance and properly design a site diversity system. The modeling of joint CCDF of rain attenuation with Gaussian copula function is tested based on existing experimental data for different sites with various distances, elevation angles, baseline orientations, operating frequencies etc. The performance analysis shows that Gaussian copula can be used for modeling of joint CCDF of rain attenuation. Moreover, it is shown that especially for small separation distances and for low elevation angles, Gaussian copula gives significantly better results compared to previously proposed Archimedean copulas.","PeriodicalId":6509,"journal":{"name":"2016 10th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP)","volume":"48 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74592151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-04-10DOI: 10.1109/EUCAP.2016.7481915
A. Torres-García, F. Marante, A. Tazón, J. Vassal'lo, J. Teniente, M. Beruete
In this paper we present a microstrip patch excitation technique through electromagnetical coupling in a single layer able to generate broadband circularly polarized (CP) radiation. The circular polarization operation is obtained by simply adjusting the feed system dimensions without modifying the microstrip radiator. The proposed feed technique also has the advantage of being applicable to any regular polygon; in this case, its operation is validated experimentally for a square and an ellipse. From the simulation results a 3-dB axial-ratio bandwidth of 100 MHz (4%) and 110MHz (4.48%) are obtained, respectively, relative to the center frequency of 2.44 GHz, making the designed antennas an interesting solution for applications such as RFID readers, or communications in ISM band.
{"title":"Broadband circular polarized field generation in single layer microstrip patch antennas","authors":"A. Torres-García, F. Marante, A. Tazón, J. Vassal'lo, J. Teniente, M. Beruete","doi":"10.1109/EUCAP.2016.7481915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EUCAP.2016.7481915","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we present a microstrip patch excitation technique through electromagnetical coupling in a single layer able to generate broadband circularly polarized (CP) radiation. The circular polarization operation is obtained by simply adjusting the feed system dimensions without modifying the microstrip radiator. The proposed feed technique also has the advantage of being applicable to any regular polygon; in this case, its operation is validated experimentally for a square and an ellipse. From the simulation results a 3-dB axial-ratio bandwidth of 100 MHz (4%) and 110MHz (4.48%) are obtained, respectively, relative to the center frequency of 2.44 GHz, making the designed antennas an interesting solution for applications such as RFID readers, or communications in ISM band.","PeriodicalId":6509,"journal":{"name":"2016 10th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP)","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74766671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-04-10DOI: 10.1109/EUCAP.2016.7482007
D. Comite, F. Ahmad, M. Amin, T. Dogaru
An advanced imaging procedure that exploits the intrinsic multi-aperture nature of a ground-based forward-looking GPR is presented. The imaging algorithm takes into account the near-field nature of the sensing configuration. Numerical data based on electromagnetic modeling of shallow buried targets in ground with a rough-surface profile are used in conjunction with a likelihood ratio test detector to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
{"title":"Multi-aperture processing for improved target detection in forward-looking GPR applications","authors":"D. Comite, F. Ahmad, M. Amin, T. Dogaru","doi":"10.1109/EUCAP.2016.7482007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EUCAP.2016.7482007","url":null,"abstract":"An advanced imaging procedure that exploits the intrinsic multi-aperture nature of a ground-based forward-looking GPR is presented. The imaging algorithm takes into account the near-field nature of the sensing configuration. Numerical data based on electromagnetic modeling of shallow buried targets in ground with a rough-surface profile are used in conjunction with a likelihood ratio test detector to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.","PeriodicalId":6509,"journal":{"name":"2016 10th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP)","volume":"27 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74850545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-04-10DOI: 10.1109/EUCAP.2016.7481378
Á. F. Vaquero, D. R. Prado, M. Arrebola, M. Pino, F. Las-Heras
The near field of a reflectarray at 100GHz is optimized in order to increase the size of the quiet zone for its use in compact antenna test ranges. In order to compute the radiated near field, a simple model of the reflectarray is used in which the field is obtained as contributions of the far field radiated by each unit cell, modeled as a small aperture by means of the second principle of equivalence. Then, the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm is employed to optimize both amplitude and phase in order to maximize the size of the quiet zone in different planes. From the obtained phase distribution, a design is carried out. Simulations are compared for the near field before and after the optimization, showing an important improvement of the size of the quiet zone in the main cuts of the near field.
{"title":"Reflectarray probe optimization at millimeter frequencies","authors":"Á. F. Vaquero, D. R. Prado, M. Arrebola, M. Pino, F. Las-Heras","doi":"10.1109/EUCAP.2016.7481378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EUCAP.2016.7481378","url":null,"abstract":"The near field of a reflectarray at 100GHz is optimized in order to increase the size of the quiet zone for its use in compact antenna test ranges. In order to compute the radiated near field, a simple model of the reflectarray is used in which the field is obtained as contributions of the far field radiated by each unit cell, modeled as a small aperture by means of the second principle of equivalence. Then, the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm is employed to optimize both amplitude and phase in order to maximize the size of the quiet zone in different planes. From the obtained phase distribution, a design is carried out. Simulations are compared for the near field before and after the optimization, showing an important improvement of the size of the quiet zone in the main cuts of the near field.","PeriodicalId":6509,"journal":{"name":"2016 10th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP)","volume":"14 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75011814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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