Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/CCST.2016.7815715
E. Rao, J. Remer
The Cargo Supply Chain Integrity Technology (CSIT) Research, Development, Test and Evaluation project, jointly managed by the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) and the Department of Homeland Security's (DHS) Science and Technology (S&T) Directorate develops standards and certifies systems to mitigate threats posed by the potential introduction of improvised explosive devices into cargo carried by passenger aircraft. At the direction of Congress, Public Law 110-53, “Implementing the Recommendations of the 9/11 Commission Act of 2007”, mandates that all 100% of all cargo shipped via passenger aircraft be screened.
{"title":"Tamper evident tape integrity analyzer","authors":"E. Rao, J. Remer","doi":"10.1109/CCST.2016.7815715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CCST.2016.7815715","url":null,"abstract":"The Cargo Supply Chain Integrity Technology (CSIT) Research, Development, Test and Evaluation project, jointly managed by the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) and the Department of Homeland Security's (DHS) Science and Technology (S&T) Directorate develops standards and certifies systems to mitigate threats posed by the potential introduction of improvised explosive devices into cargo carried by passenger aircraft. At the direction of Congress, Public Law 110-53, “Implementing the Recommendations of the 9/11 Commission Act of 2007”, mandates that all 100% of all cargo shipped via passenger aircraft be screened.","PeriodicalId":6510,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE International Carnahan Conference on Security Technology (ICCST)","volume":"11 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87000356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/CCST.2016.7815723
A. Meecham, T. Acker
The vulnerability of military installations and critical infrastructure sites from underwater threats is now well accepted and, in order to combat these security weaknesses, there has been growing interest in - and adoption of - sonar technology. Greater availability of Autonomous/Unmanned Underwater Vehicles (A/UUVs) to both adversary nations and terrorists/saboteurs is also a cause of increasing concern. The small size and low acoustic target strength/signature of these vehicles presents significant challenges for sonar systems. The well-known challenges of the underwater environment, particularly in a harbor or port setting, can lead to a Nuisance Alarm Rate (NAR) that is higher than that of traditional security sensors (e.g. CCTV). This, in turn, can lead to a lack of confidence from end users and a possibility that `real' alerts are incorrectly dism issed. In the past this has been addressed by increasing the capability of individual sensors, leading to ever-increasing sensor complexity, however, the relationship between sensor performance and complexity/cost is highly non-linear. Even with the most complex and capable sensors, the fundamental limit to performance is often limited by acoustics, not sensor capability. In this paper we describe an alternative approach to reducing NAR and improving detection of difficult targets (e.g. UUVs), through intelligent combination and fusion of outputs from multiple sensors and data/signal processing algorithms. We describe the statistical basis for this approach, as well as techniques, methodologies and architectures for implementation. We describe the approach taken in our prototype algorithms/system, as well as quantitative and qualitative results from testing in a real-world environment. These results show a significant reduction in NAR and increase in classiflcation/alert range. Finally, we describe current focus areas for algorithmic and system development in both the short and medium term, as well as future extensions of these techniques to more classes of sensors, so that more challenging problems can be addressed.
{"title":"Underwater threat detection and tracking using multiple sensors and advanced processing","authors":"A. Meecham, T. Acker","doi":"10.1109/CCST.2016.7815723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CCST.2016.7815723","url":null,"abstract":"The vulnerability of military installations and critical infrastructure sites from underwater threats is now well accepted and, in order to combat these security weaknesses, there has been growing interest in - and adoption of - sonar technology. Greater availability of Autonomous/Unmanned Underwater Vehicles (A/UUVs) to both adversary nations and terrorists/saboteurs is also a cause of increasing concern. The small size and low acoustic target strength/signature of these vehicles presents significant challenges for sonar systems. The well-known challenges of the underwater environment, particularly in a harbor or port setting, can lead to a Nuisance Alarm Rate (NAR) that is higher than that of traditional security sensors (e.g. CCTV). This, in turn, can lead to a lack of confidence from end users and a possibility that `real' alerts are incorrectly dism issed. In the past this has been addressed by increasing the capability of individual sensors, leading to ever-increasing sensor complexity, however, the relationship between sensor performance and complexity/cost is highly non-linear. Even with the most complex and capable sensors, the fundamental limit to performance is often limited by acoustics, not sensor capability. In this paper we describe an alternative approach to reducing NAR and improving detection of difficult targets (e.g. UUVs), through intelligent combination and fusion of outputs from multiple sensors and data/signal processing algorithms. We describe the statistical basis for this approach, as well as techniques, methodologies and architectures for implementation. We describe the approach taken in our prototype algorithms/system, as well as quantitative and qualitative results from testing in a real-world environment. These results show a significant reduction in NAR and increase in classiflcation/alert range. Finally, we describe current focus areas for algorithmic and system development in both the short and medium term, as well as future extensions of these techniques to more classes of sensors, so that more challenging problems can be addressed.","PeriodicalId":6510,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE International Carnahan Conference on Security Technology (ICCST)","volume":"C-35 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84452086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/CCST.2016.7815699
Michael Bourg, Pramod Govindan
The biometric encryption system is a significant addition in the areas of privacy, security and convenience among its users. The intent of this research is to propose an RSA based biometric encryption system which can be realized on field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) using hardware-software co-design methods. Due to the high number of hackers that stand to profit from sub-par security methods, the proposed design will serve as a high level of security. This implementation can be applied in many areas of life including but not limited to password replacement, building and equipment access, and payroll and timekeeping procedures.
{"title":"RSA based biometric encryption system using FPGA for increased security","authors":"Michael Bourg, Pramod Govindan","doi":"10.1109/CCST.2016.7815699","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CCST.2016.7815699","url":null,"abstract":"The biometric encryption system is a significant addition in the areas of privacy, security and convenience among its users. The intent of this research is to propose an RSA based biometric encryption system which can be realized on field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) using hardware-software co-design methods. Due to the high number of hackers that stand to profit from sub-par security methods, the proposed design will serve as a high level of security. This implementation can be applied in many areas of life including but not limited to password replacement, building and equipment access, and payroll and timekeeping procedures.","PeriodicalId":6510,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE International Carnahan Conference on Security Technology (ICCST)","volume":"20 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84905886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/CCST.2016.7815720
Tomas Smetka, I. Homoliak, P. Hanáček
The aim of the paper is to show different point of view on the problem of cryptanalysis of symmetric encryption algorithms. Our dissimilar approach, compared to the existing methods, lies in the use of the power of evolutionary principles which are in our cryptanalytic system applied with leveraging of the genetic programming (GP) in order to perform known plaintext attack (KPA). Our expected result is to find a program (i.e. function) that models the behavior of a symmetric encryption algorithm DES instantiated by specific key. If such a program would exist, then it could be possible to decipher new messages that have been encrypted by unknown secret key. The GP is employed as the basis of this work. GP is an evolutionary algorithm-based methodology inspired by biological evolution which is capable of creating computer programs solving a corresponding problem. The symbolic regression (SR) method is employed as the application of GP in practical problem. The SR method builds functions from predefined set of terminal blocks in the process of the GP evolution; and these functions approximate a list of input value pairs. The evolution of GP is controlled by a fitness function which evaluates the goal of a corresponding problem. The Hamming distance, a difference between a current individual value and a reference one, is chosen as the fitness function for our cryptanalysis problem. The results of our experiments did not confirmed initial expectation. The number of encryption rounds did not influence the quality of the best individual, however, its quality was influenced by the cardinality of a training set. The elimination of the initial and final permutations had no influence on the quality of the results in the process of evolution. These results showed that our KPA GP solution is not capable of revealing internal structure of the DES algorithm's behavior.
{"title":"On the application of symbolic regression and genetic programming for cryptanalysis of symmetric encryption algorithm","authors":"Tomas Smetka, I. Homoliak, P. Hanáček","doi":"10.1109/CCST.2016.7815720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CCST.2016.7815720","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the paper is to show different point of view on the problem of cryptanalysis of symmetric encryption algorithms. Our dissimilar approach, compared to the existing methods, lies in the use of the power of evolutionary principles which are in our cryptanalytic system applied with leveraging of the genetic programming (GP) in order to perform known plaintext attack (KPA). Our expected result is to find a program (i.e. function) that models the behavior of a symmetric encryption algorithm DES instantiated by specific key. If such a program would exist, then it could be possible to decipher new messages that have been encrypted by unknown secret key. The GP is employed as the basis of this work. GP is an evolutionary algorithm-based methodology inspired by biological evolution which is capable of creating computer programs solving a corresponding problem. The symbolic regression (SR) method is employed as the application of GP in practical problem. The SR method builds functions from predefined set of terminal blocks in the process of the GP evolution; and these functions approximate a list of input value pairs. The evolution of GP is controlled by a fitness function which evaluates the goal of a corresponding problem. The Hamming distance, a difference between a current individual value and a reference one, is chosen as the fitness function for our cryptanalysis problem. The results of our experiments did not confirmed initial expectation. The number of encryption rounds did not influence the quality of the best individual, however, its quality was influenced by the cardinality of a training set. The elimination of the initial and final permutations had no influence on the quality of the results in the process of evolution. These results showed that our KPA GP solution is not capable of revealing internal structure of the DES algorithm's behavior.","PeriodicalId":6510,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE International Carnahan Conference on Security Technology (ICCST)","volume":"69 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81804012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/CCST.2016.7815703
A. C. D'Iddio, C. Schunck, F. Arcieri, M. Talamo
Conformance checking is a crucial challenge for modern inter-organizational business processes when critical security, privacy and workflow constraints must be satisfied to ensure the reliability of multi-party business procedures. Many of these constraints can be expressed in terms of causal dependencies, and verifying such dependencies can be fundamental to determine the correctness of transactions. But often the information required to check causal dependencies is incomplete, coarse or imprecise due to several reasons, like low maturity of event logs, corrupted data, local timestamping and privacy requirements of each organization. In previous work we presented a solution to address these issues based on abstraction, over-approximation and under-approximation of the causal dependencies, to model unavailable data and maintain the ability to prove correctness or to find anomalies in inter-organizational transactions. In that paper we made some assumptions about the structure of business processes which are reasonable for security sensitive business processes but cannot be applied in all circumstances. In this paper we relax the assumptions made in that previous work and we discuss how this affects the applicability of the theorems. We find that while some notions need to be redefined, in most cases the same techniques, especially the ones based on underapproximation, remain applicable to investigate the correctness of business processes and to find anomalies for post-mortem investigation or online operational support.
{"title":"Extending abstraction-refinement methods for compliance checking of inter-organizational business processes with incomplete information","authors":"A. C. D'Iddio, C. Schunck, F. Arcieri, M. Talamo","doi":"10.1109/CCST.2016.7815703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CCST.2016.7815703","url":null,"abstract":"Conformance checking is a crucial challenge for modern inter-organizational business processes when critical security, privacy and workflow constraints must be satisfied to ensure the reliability of multi-party business procedures. Many of these constraints can be expressed in terms of causal dependencies, and verifying such dependencies can be fundamental to determine the correctness of transactions. But often the information required to check causal dependencies is incomplete, coarse or imprecise due to several reasons, like low maturity of event logs, corrupted data, local timestamping and privacy requirements of each organization. In previous work we presented a solution to address these issues based on abstraction, over-approximation and under-approximation of the causal dependencies, to model unavailable data and maintain the ability to prove correctness or to find anomalies in inter-organizational transactions. In that paper we made some assumptions about the structure of business processes which are reasonable for security sensitive business processes but cannot be applied in all circumstances. In this paper we relax the assumptions made in that previous work and we discuss how this affects the applicability of the theorems. We find that while some notions need to be redefined, in most cases the same techniques, especially the ones based on underapproximation, remain applicable to investigate the correctness of business processes and to find anomalies for post-mortem investigation or online operational support.","PeriodicalId":6510,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE International Carnahan Conference on Security Technology (ICCST)","volume":"11 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83802333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/CCST.2016.7815683
F. Garzia, L. Sant'Andrea
The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the Internet of Everything based integrated security system designed for World War One commemorative Museum of Fogliano Redipuglia in Italy, capable of ensuring visitors security, cultural heritage préservâtion/protection and great usability for visitors, with particular reference to visitors with disabilities. Genetic Algorithms (GAs) have been used to design the integrated security system, in particular for wired network to ensure a reduction of final costs and a high level of reliability and resilience of the system itself, keeping, into consideration, the typical vincula and restrictions of already existing Museums. The proposed system, together with the GAs based optimization technique, thanks to its flexibility, can be used in any kind of museum or any kind of cultural site by means of a proper adaption.
{"title":"The Internet of Everything based integrated security system of the World War One Commemorative Museum of Fogliano Redipuglia in Italy","authors":"F. Garzia, L. Sant'Andrea","doi":"10.1109/CCST.2016.7815683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CCST.2016.7815683","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the Internet of Everything based integrated security system designed for World War One commemorative Museum of Fogliano Redipuglia in Italy, capable of ensuring visitors security, cultural heritage préservâtion/protection and great usability for visitors, with particular reference to visitors with disabilities. Genetic Algorithms (GAs) have been used to design the integrated security system, in particular for wired network to ensure a reduction of final costs and a high level of reliability and resilience of the system itself, keeping, into consideration, the typical vincula and restrictions of already existing Museums. The proposed system, together with the GAs based optimization technique, thanks to its flexibility, can be used in any kind of museum or any kind of cultural site by means of a proper adaption.","PeriodicalId":6510,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE International Carnahan Conference on Security Technology (ICCST)","volume":"7 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82500203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ccst.2016.7815688
Patrick K. Kuiper, S. Kolitz, V. Tarokh
The United States (US) Army has over 66,000 soldiers engaged in contingency operations across the world. Current budgetary constraints and an uncertain global security environment require these operations to be executed as efficiently as possible. Base camps are the secured areas where soldiers live when deployed to contingency operations. Base camps impose a significant financial and tactical burden during contingency operations and sub-optimal soldier quality of life decisions have significantly contributed to costs. Quality of life (QOL) refers to the non-security and non-mission related services that directly sustain the mission effectiveness of soldiers. Current US Army base camp tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs) do not sufficiently specify QOL services, and more detailed doctrine should be developed to support combat units executing contingency operations. In this investigation we employ quantitative methods to select decisions that improve QOL and inform doctrine. We leverage a QOL function and resource consumption data developed by US Army Natick Soldier Research, Development and Engineering Center's (Natick Labs) to build a model that improves QOL under the constraints of four fundamental resources: fuel, water, waste water, and solid waste. We employ a mixed integer linear program modeling approach and execute sensitivity analysis to evaluate the strength of our results. Our final model is formulated as a chance constraint optimization to address the uncertainty associated with resource availability in contingency operations. Our results provide QOL decisions that reduce resource consumption while maintaining an equivalent QOL level when compared to current TTPs. The model provides quantitative rigor, informing decision makers of specific base camp design principles for the development of doctrine.
美国陆军有超过66,000名士兵在世界各地参与应急行动。目前的预算限制和不确定的全球安全环境要求尽可能有效地执行这些行动。基地营地是士兵被部署到应急行动时居住的安全区域。在应急行动期间，基地营造成了重大的财政和战术负担，士兵生活质量欠佳的决定大大增加了成本。生活质量(Quality of life, QOL)是指直接维持士兵执行任务效能的与安全、任务无关的服务。目前的美国陆军大本营战术、技术和程序(TTPs)没有充分说明QOL服务，应该制定更详细的理论来支持作战单位执行应急行动。在这项调查中，我们采用定量方法来选择决策，提高生活质量和通知学说。我们利用美国陆军纳蒂克士兵研究、发展和工程中心(纳蒂克实验室)开发的生活质量函数和资源消耗数据，建立了一个模型，在燃料、水、废水和固体废物四种基本资源的约束下提高生活质量。我们采用混合整数线性规划建模方法，并执行敏感性分析来评估我们的结果的强度。我们的最终模型是一个机会约束优化，以解决应急操作中与资源可用性相关的不确定性。我们的结果提供的QOL决策减少了资源消耗，同时与当前的ttp相比保持了等效的QOL水平。该模型提供了定量的严谨性，为理论发展提供了具体大本营设计原则的信息。
{"title":"Base camp quality of life standardization and improvement","authors":"Patrick K. Kuiper, S. Kolitz, V. Tarokh","doi":"10.1109/ccst.2016.7815688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ccst.2016.7815688","url":null,"abstract":"The United States (US) Army has over 66,000 soldiers engaged in contingency operations across the world. Current budgetary constraints and an uncertain global security environment require these operations to be executed as efficiently as possible. Base camps are the secured areas where soldiers live when deployed to contingency operations. Base camps impose a significant financial and tactical burden during contingency operations and sub-optimal soldier quality of life decisions have significantly contributed to costs. Quality of life (QOL) refers to the non-security and non-mission related services that directly sustain the mission effectiveness of soldiers. Current US Army base camp tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs) do not sufficiently specify QOL services, and more detailed doctrine should be developed to support combat units executing contingency operations. In this investigation we employ quantitative methods to select decisions that improve QOL and inform doctrine. We leverage a QOL function and resource consumption data developed by US Army Natick Soldier Research, Development and Engineering Center's (Natick Labs) to build a model that improves QOL under the constraints of four fundamental resources: fuel, water, waste water, and solid waste. We employ a mixed integer linear program modeling approach and execute sensitivity analysis to evaluate the strength of our results. Our final model is formulated as a chance constraint optimization to address the uncertainty associated with resource availability in contingency operations. Our results provide QOL decisions that reduce resource consumption while maintaining an equivalent QOL level when compared to current TTPs. The model provides quantitative rigor, informing decision makers of specific base camp design principles for the development of doctrine.","PeriodicalId":6510,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE International Carnahan Conference on Security Technology (ICCST)","volume":"47 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82618900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/CCST.2016.7815682
A. Gagnon
This paper presents the fields results in non-obtrusive life sign monitoring performed using a low emission, compact high frequency Doppler radar, which can detect body movements associated with breathing and the heart beating. Such a system is particularly useful where attaching sensors to the body is undesirable; for example, monitoring detainees in a prison who are at risk of suicide, self-harm, and medical complications due to drugs or alcohol. This method of monitoring can aid greatly in situations where it can be difficult to ascertain a person's status, such as a person who is sleeping under a blanket. While a breathing and cardiac signal is visible in the Doppler radar signal, it can be corrupted by noise and interference by so-called nuisance signals (e.g., movements associated with fans, water flowing from faucets and toilets, door micro-motion, light fixture ballast vibration and other body movements). This work is part of a three-year project that involves four organizations; CSC (end-user), KG Spectrum (radar-based perimeter intrusion detection systems), Carleton-University (bio-medical) and Ottawa-University (signal processing). The final goal is to develop a robust system for detection of attempted suicide events in prisons in time to allow for lifesaving interventions. This has been done in a novel way by installing one high range (75cm) spacial resolution, scanning antenna and high frequency (24.125GHz) radars in prison cells and by processing signals extracted from the radars in real-time. This unique radar architecture allows the usage of novel signal processing and pattern recognition algorithms to locate the subject and removing interference and reliably estimate breathing and heartbeat signals, even when the subject is non-stationary and then to produce an alarm when these signals cannot be observed or significant changes, in breathing pattern or heart rate pattern, representing abnormal behavior have been detected within the observation cell. This research project is performing time, frequency and pattern domain analysis on the radar data and explores signal processing approaches for the robust and accurate detection and estimation of the respiratory with heartbeat rate. Outcome of this research will be useful in mitigating the risks associated with detainees by providing a life sign monitoring approach that can help enable timely responses. Such a system can also find application in smart health homes for monitoring people at risk, such as the elderly or infants, as well as in psychological institution. In addition to presenting the results of filed trial, this paper covers the innovative engineering aspects of using high frequency, high range resolution and high sampling rate as a mean to geo-localize the source of movement within the prison cells, thereby increasing the efficiency of the signal processing eliminating the need to process on overall volume wise integrated Doppler signal. The use of geo-localization provide
{"title":"Field trial results using a novel integration of unique millimeterwave Doppler radar for high performance non-obtrusive life sign (breathing and heart beating) monitoring of high suicide risk prisonner in observation cell","authors":"A. Gagnon","doi":"10.1109/CCST.2016.7815682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CCST.2016.7815682","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the fields results in non-obtrusive life sign monitoring performed using a low emission, compact high frequency Doppler radar, which can detect body movements associated with breathing and the heart beating. Such a system is particularly useful where attaching sensors to the body is undesirable; for example, monitoring detainees in a prison who are at risk of suicide, self-harm, and medical complications due to drugs or alcohol. This method of monitoring can aid greatly in situations where it can be difficult to ascertain a person's status, such as a person who is sleeping under a blanket. While a breathing and cardiac signal is visible in the Doppler radar signal, it can be corrupted by noise and interference by so-called nuisance signals (e.g., movements associated with fans, water flowing from faucets and toilets, door micro-motion, light fixture ballast vibration and other body movements). This work is part of a three-year project that involves four organizations; CSC (end-user), KG Spectrum (radar-based perimeter intrusion detection systems), Carleton-University (bio-medical) and Ottawa-University (signal processing). The final goal is to develop a robust system for detection of attempted suicide events in prisons in time to allow for lifesaving interventions. This has been done in a novel way by installing one high range (75cm) spacial resolution, scanning antenna and high frequency (24.125GHz) radars in prison cells and by processing signals extracted from the radars in real-time. This unique radar architecture allows the usage of novel signal processing and pattern recognition algorithms to locate the subject and removing interference and reliably estimate breathing and heartbeat signals, even when the subject is non-stationary and then to produce an alarm when these signals cannot be observed or significant changes, in breathing pattern or heart rate pattern, representing abnormal behavior have been detected within the observation cell. This research project is performing time, frequency and pattern domain analysis on the radar data and explores signal processing approaches for the robust and accurate detection and estimation of the respiratory with heartbeat rate. Outcome of this research will be useful in mitigating the risks associated with detainees by providing a life sign monitoring approach that can help enable timely responses. Such a system can also find application in smart health homes for monitoring people at risk, such as the elderly or infants, as well as in psychological institution. In addition to presenting the results of filed trial, this paper covers the innovative engineering aspects of using high frequency, high range resolution and high sampling rate as a mean to geo-localize the source of movement within the prison cells, thereby increasing the efficiency of the signal processing eliminating the need to process on overall volume wise integrated Doppler signal. The use of geo-localization provide","PeriodicalId":6510,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE International Carnahan Conference on Security Technology (ICCST)","volume":"25 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75230766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/CCST.2016.7815685
Jimmy Anderson Florez Zuluaga, R. C. Logreira, Mario Muñoz, J. Vargas-Bonilla
The use of online messaging systems to exchange information has changed due to the ability to share text, video and pictures almost immediately. Also it has become an excellent alternative for transmitting data with certain reserve levels in places or where voice signals and other forms of communication are not of high quality and/or availability, creating gaps in critical information security systems. This article describes the inherent risk of use messaging apphcations for transmission of classified information, based on user needs, but with a concept of organizational use. The analyzed elements are usability, privacy of contacts and content, data security, safe storage of information, traceability of messages, lifespan of the message, information storage encryption protocols and channel codification. Because of this, in this project, a survey has been conducted in regards to acceptable requirements applicable to these technologies in the work sector. This has led to the design of a set of applications from a usability standpoint while ensuring adequate and flexible security levels. Work completed in this research included aspects of design and architecture of a XMPP messaging system, privacy of information, use of local databases and storage of information according to relevant corporate security policies and agreements, biometric recognition systems for authentication encryption protocols.
{"title":"Architecture of instant messaging systems for secure data transmision","authors":"Jimmy Anderson Florez Zuluaga, R. C. Logreira, Mario Muñoz, J. Vargas-Bonilla","doi":"10.1109/CCST.2016.7815685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CCST.2016.7815685","url":null,"abstract":"The use of online messaging systems to exchange information has changed due to the ability to share text, video and pictures almost immediately. Also it has become an excellent alternative for transmitting data with certain reserve levels in places or where voice signals and other forms of communication are not of high quality and/or availability, creating gaps in critical information security systems. This article describes the inherent risk of use messaging apphcations for transmission of classified information, based on user needs, but with a concept of organizational use. The analyzed elements are usability, privacy of contacts and content, data security, safe storage of information, traceability of messages, lifespan of the message, information storage encryption protocols and channel codification. Because of this, in this project, a survey has been conducted in regards to acceptable requirements applicable to these technologies in the work sector. This has led to the design of a set of applications from a usability standpoint while ensuring adequate and flexible security levels. Work completed in this research included aspects of design and architecture of a XMPP messaging system, privacy of information, use of local databases and storage of information according to relevant corporate security policies and agreements, biometric recognition systems for authentication encryption protocols.","PeriodicalId":6510,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE International Carnahan Conference on Security Technology (ICCST)","volume":"134 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80464194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/CCST.2016.7815681
D. Morocho, J. Hernandez-Ortega, A. Morales, Julian Fierrez, J. Ortega-Garcia
This work explores the human ability to recognize the authenticity of signatures. We use crowdsourcing to analyze the different factors affecting the performance of humans without Forensic Document Examiner experience. We present different experiments according to different scenarios in which laymen, people without Forensic Document Examiner experience, provide similarity measures related with the perceived authenticity of a given signature. The human responses are used to analyze the performance of humans according to each of the scenarios and main factors. The experiments comprise 240 signatures from BiosecurlD public database and responses from more than 400 people. The results shows the difficulties associated to these tasks, with special attention to the false acceptance of forgeries with rates ranging from 50% to 75%. The results suggest that human recognition abilities in this scenario are strongly dependent on the characteristics considered and the signature at hand. Finally the combination of human ratings clearly outperfoms the individual performance and and a state-of-the-art automatic signature verification system.
{"title":"On the evaluation of human ratings for signature recognition","authors":"D. Morocho, J. Hernandez-Ortega, A. Morales, Julian Fierrez, J. Ortega-Garcia","doi":"10.1109/CCST.2016.7815681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CCST.2016.7815681","url":null,"abstract":"This work explores the human ability to recognize the authenticity of signatures. We use crowdsourcing to analyze the different factors affecting the performance of humans without Forensic Document Examiner experience. We present different experiments according to different scenarios in which laymen, people without Forensic Document Examiner experience, provide similarity measures related with the perceived authenticity of a given signature. The human responses are used to analyze the performance of humans according to each of the scenarios and main factors. The experiments comprise 240 signatures from BiosecurlD public database and responses from more than 400 people. The results shows the difficulties associated to these tasks, with special attention to the false acceptance of forgeries with rates ranging from 50% to 75%. The results suggest that human recognition abilities in this scenario are strongly dependent on the characteristics considered and the signature at hand. Finally the combination of human ratings clearly outperfoms the individual performance and and a state-of-the-art automatic signature verification system.","PeriodicalId":6510,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE International Carnahan Conference on Security Technology (ICCST)","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89762001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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