Pub Date : 2024-07-02DOI: 10.1007/s11666-024-01800-9
P. Khamsepour, P. Stoyanov, A. Dolatabad, C. Moreau
Ti-6Al-4 V is commonly used in gas turbine engines and is sometimes subject to wear during operation. To address this, cost-effective and environmentally friendly solutions are being explored, with a focus on solid-state additive manufacturing techniques such as cold spray (CS). CS can create a dense structure; however, the existing porosity adversely affects the mechanical properties. To reduce the need for post-heat-treatment, this paper considers inner-diameter high- velocity air-fuel (ID_HVAF) as an alternative repair method which is a relatively low-temperature HVAF process that can deposit coatings with microstructures close to those observed in CS coatings. ID_HVAF process can deposit particles at high velocities and relatively low temperatures so that a significant portion of the particles forming the coatings are deposited in the solid state. This work is based on the deposition of Ti-6Al-4 V coatings using the ID_HVAF gun. During deposition, increasing the nozzle length increases the particle velocity and substrate temperature. The particles hit a softer surface with higher kinetic energy, thus increasing the density of the samples. However, HVAF will still oxidize some Ti-6Al-4 V particles and produce vanadium oxide. To study the tribological behavior, Ti-6Al-4 V counterballs were used to simulate the dovetail interface. According to the result, the top deposited layers were densified by the application of counterbalance force. Compared to an α-β Ti-6Al-4 V bulk sample, the coatings have a smaller wear track width and a greater wear depth, resulting in less wear on the counterballs. Each of the three samples shows a combination of abrasive and adhesive wear. The low cohesion between the particles in the coatings results in smaller oxide debris with a greater amount on the wear track of the coatings. By acting as a roller between the counter ball and the coating, this debris can slightly reduce the coefficient of friction.
Ti-6Al-4 V 常用于燃气涡轮发动机,在运行过程中有时会出现磨损。为解决这一问题,人们正在探索具有成本效益且环保的解决方案,重点是冷喷(CS)等固态添加制造技术。冷喷技术可以形成致密的结构,但现有的孔隙率会对机械性能产生不利影响。为了减少后热处理的需要,本文考虑将内径高速空气燃料(ID_HVAF)作为一种替代修复方法,这是一种温度相对较低的 HVAF 工艺,可以沉积出微观结构接近 CS 涂层的涂层。ID_HVAF 工艺可以在高速和相对较低的温度下沉积颗粒,因此形成涂层的大部分颗粒都是以固态沉积的。这项工作基于使用 ID_HVAF 喷枪沉积 Ti-6Al-4 V 涂层。在沉积过程中,增加喷嘴长度可提高颗粒速度和基底温度。颗粒以更高的动能撞击到更软的表面,从而增加了样品的密度。不过,HVAF 仍会氧化一些 Ti-6Al-4 V 颗粒,产生氧化钒。为了研究摩擦学行为,使用 Ti-6Al-4 V 对球模拟燕尾槽界面。结果表明,在施加平衡力的作用下,顶部沉积层被致密化。与 α-β Ti-6Al-4 V 块状样品相比,涂层的磨损轨迹宽度较小,磨损深度较大,因此对反球的磨损较小。这三种样品中的每一种都显示出磨料磨损和粘着磨损的结合。涂层中颗粒之间的内聚力较低,导致涂层磨损轨迹上的氧化物碎片较小,数量较多。这些碎屑在滚珠和涂层之间起滚动作用,可略微降低摩擦系数。
{"title":"Microstructure and Tribological Behavior of Low-Temperature HVAF Ti6Al4V Coatings","authors":"P. Khamsepour, P. Stoyanov, A. Dolatabad, C. Moreau","doi":"10.1007/s11666-024-01800-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11666-024-01800-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Ti-6Al-4 V is commonly used in gas turbine engines and is sometimes subject to wear during operation. To address this, cost-effective and environmentally friendly solutions are being explored, with a focus on solid-state additive manufacturing techniques such as cold spray (CS). CS can create a dense structure; however, the existing porosity adversely affects the mechanical properties. To reduce the need for post-heat-treatment, this paper considers inner-diameter high- velocity air-fuel (ID_HVAF) as an alternative repair method which is a relatively low-temperature HVAF process that can deposit coatings with microstructures close to those observed in CS coatings. ID_HVAF process can deposit particles at high velocities and relatively low temperatures so that a significant portion of the particles forming the coatings are deposited in the solid state. This work is based on the deposition of Ti-6Al-4 V coatings using the ID_HVAF gun. During deposition, increasing the nozzle length increases the particle velocity and substrate temperature. The particles hit a softer surface with higher kinetic energy, thus increasing the density of the samples. However, HVAF will still oxidize some Ti-6Al-4 V particles and produce vanadium oxide. To study the tribological behavior, Ti-6Al-4 V counterballs were used to simulate the dovetail interface. According to the result, the top deposited layers were densified by the application of counterbalance force. Compared to an α-β Ti-6Al-4 V bulk sample, the coatings have a smaller wear track width and a greater wear depth, resulting in less wear on the counterballs. Each of the three samples shows a combination of abrasive and adhesive wear. The low cohesion between the particles in the coatings results in smaller oxide debris with a greater amount on the wear track of the coatings. By acting as a roller between the counter ball and the coating, this debris can slightly reduce the coefficient of friction.</p>","PeriodicalId":679,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thermal Spray Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141522499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-02DOI: 10.1007/s11666-024-01798-0
Alessia Bruera, Andreas Elsenberg, Mauro Borghi, Giulia Dolcetti, Giovanni Bolelli, Frank Gärtner, Mauricio Schieda, Thomas Klassen, Luca Lusvarghi
Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting is a viable route for green hydrogen generation. In PEC cells, the electrodes are coated with suitable semiconductor materials, which absorb the sunlight, generating charge carriers that are used to split water molecules into H2 and O2. CuFeO2 is one promising photocathode material for water splitting. However, its performance is limited by electron/hole pairs recombination within the film and at the film/substrate interface. Aerosol deposition (AD) can be employed to minimize charge recombination by spraying dense, thin films and by establishing a good back-contact interface. In this study, CuFeO2 powders were synthesized through a conventional solid-state technique and sprayed by AD under varied parameter sets. The effect of particle size distributions, carrier gas, gas pressure and substrate temperature was investigated. The best spraying parameter set was then tuned to obtain thin coatings (< 1 µm). Single-particle deformation and coatings microstructure were investigated by scanning electron microscopy. Optical properties of CuFeO2 films were analyzed by UV–Vis spectroscopy, while photoelectrochemical performances were estimated through amperometry tests under simulated sunlight. The results of this research show that CuFeO2 photocathodes can be successfully manufactured by AD. Their performance can be optimized by adjusting coating thickness and by annealing in air.
光电化学(PEC)水分裂是一种可行的绿色制氢方法。在光电化学电池中,电极上涂有合适的半导体材料,这些材料吸收太阳光,产生电荷载流子,用于将水分子分裂成 H2 和 O2。CuFeO2 是一种很有前途的水分裂光电阴极材料。然而,其性能受到薄膜内部和薄膜/基底界面上电子/空穴对重组的限制。气溶胶沉积(AD)可通过喷涂致密的薄膜和建立良好的背接触界面来最大限度地减少电荷重组。本研究采用传统固态技术合成了 CuFeO2 粉末,并在不同参数设置下通过 AD 进行喷涂。研究了粒度分布、载气、气体压力和基底温度的影响。然后调整最佳喷涂参数集,以获得薄涂层(< 1 µm)。通过扫描电子显微镜研究了单颗粒变形和涂层的微观结构。紫外可见光谱分析了 CuFeO2 薄膜的光学特性,模拟阳光下的安培测试则评估了其光电化学性能。研究结果表明,CuFeO2 光电阴极可通过 AD 成功制造。通过调整涂层厚度和在空气中退火,可以优化它们的性能。
{"title":"Aerosol Deposition of CuFeO2 Photocathode Coatings for Hydrogen Production","authors":"Alessia Bruera, Andreas Elsenberg, Mauro Borghi, Giulia Dolcetti, Giovanni Bolelli, Frank Gärtner, Mauricio Schieda, Thomas Klassen, Luca Lusvarghi","doi":"10.1007/s11666-024-01798-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11666-024-01798-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting is a viable route for green hydrogen generation. In PEC cells, the electrodes are coated with suitable semiconductor materials, which absorb the sunlight, generating charge carriers that are used to split water molecules into H<sub>2</sub> and O<sub>2</sub>. CuFeO<sub>2</sub> is one promising photocathode material for water splitting. However, its performance is limited by electron/hole pairs recombination within the film and at the film/substrate interface. Aerosol deposition (AD) can be employed to minimize charge recombination by spraying dense, thin films and by establishing a good back-contact interface. In this study, CuFeO<sub>2</sub> powders were synthesized through a conventional solid-state technique and sprayed by AD under varied parameter sets. The effect of particle size distributions, carrier gas, gas pressure and substrate temperature was investigated. The best spraying parameter set was then tuned to obtain thin coatings (< 1 µm). Single-particle deformation and coatings microstructure were investigated by scanning electron microscopy. Optical properties of CuFeO<sub>2</sub> films were analyzed by UV–Vis spectroscopy, while photoelectrochemical performances were estimated through amperometry tests under simulated sunlight. The results of this research show that CuFeO<sub>2</sub> photocathodes can be successfully manufactured by AD. Their performance can be optimized by adjusting coating thickness and by annealing in air.</p>","PeriodicalId":679,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thermal Spray Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141522516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-17DOI: 10.1007/s11666-024-01797-1
Riddhi Joshi, Tanaji Paul, Cheng Zhang, Benjamin Boesl, Arvind Agarwal
Microstructural modeling at progressive length scales can enable the prediction of thermal and mechanical properties of thermal sprayed coatings with hierarchical features. Object-oriented finite (OOF2) element modeling conducted using microstructural images, although a powerful technique, has been employed to a limited extent in thermally sprayed materials. Consequently, there is little scientific understanding of the efficiency of the OOF2 technique for estimating bulk properties. For the first time, this study provides a comprehensive analysis of these factors’ role in the OOF2 technique’s capability to predict thermal and mechanical properties in ceramic and metallic coatings manufactured by plasma spray, high-velocity oxyfuel (HVOF) spray, wire_arc spray, and cold spray. The prediction efficiency generally increases for larger grain sizes as overall microstructural features are captured even at lower magnifications. The same effect is obtained in microstructures having lower and uniformly shaped pores. The data on the porosity suggest that OOF2 predictions are most accurate when conducted on coatings manufactured using sintered feedstock because of the dense powder. In contrast, OOF2 predictions are the least accurate when hollow spherical (HOSP) feedstock having empty cores is used. These multiscale facets of microstructure, porosity, etc., thus, highlight the importance of the selection of the representative volume element for accurate analysis in OOF2, which, depending upon the process, is captured at 300× − 500× for HVOF and wire-arc spray, and 1000× − 15,000× magnifications for plasma and cold spray. This overall assessment charts the relative importance of variables such as grain size, porosity, and feedstock as compared to that of the process and anisotropy in the prediction of properties in thermally sprayed coatings. While these conclusions are based on the limited literature of 37 articles, this study makes a bold attempt towards a guidebook for future thermal spray researchers in conducting more accurate OOF2 analysis.
{"title":"A Critique on the Role of Object-Oriented Finite Element Analysis (OOF2) in Predicting Thermal and Mechanical Properties in Thermal Sprayed Coatings","authors":"Riddhi Joshi, Tanaji Paul, Cheng Zhang, Benjamin Boesl, Arvind Agarwal","doi":"10.1007/s11666-024-01797-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11666-024-01797-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Microstructural modeling at progressive length scales can enable the prediction of thermal and mechanical properties of thermal sprayed coatings with hierarchical features. Object-oriented finite (OOF2) element modeling conducted using microstructural images, although a powerful technique, has been employed to a limited extent in thermally sprayed materials. Consequently, there is little scientific understanding of the efficiency of the OOF2 technique for estimating bulk properties. For the first time, this study provides a comprehensive analysis of these factors’ role in the OOF2 technique’s capability to predict thermal and mechanical properties in ceramic and metallic coatings manufactured by plasma spray, high-velocity oxyfuel (HVOF) spray, wire_arc spray, and cold spray. The prediction efficiency generally increases for larger grain sizes as overall microstructural features are captured even at lower magnifications. The same effect is obtained in microstructures having lower and uniformly shaped pores. The data on the porosity suggest that OOF2 predictions are most accurate when conducted on coatings manufactured using sintered feedstock because of the dense powder. In contrast, OOF2 predictions are the least accurate when hollow spherical (HOSP) feedstock having empty cores is used. These multiscale facets of microstructure, porosity, etc., thus, highlight the importance of the selection of the representative volume element for accurate analysis in OOF2, which, depending upon the process, is captured at 300× − 500× for HVOF and wire-arc spray, and 1000× − 15,000× magnifications for plasma and cold spray. This overall assessment charts the relative importance of variables such as grain size, porosity, and feedstock as compared to that of the process and anisotropy in the prediction of properties in thermally sprayed coatings. While these conclusions are based on the limited literature of 37 articles, this study makes a bold attempt towards a guidebook for future thermal spray researchers in conducting more accurate OOF2 analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":679,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thermal Spray Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141508860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Study of the Propane Detonation Spraying under Different Gun Structures","authors":"Hua-Kang Li, Du Wang, Yong-Jing Cui, Wen Lu, Jun-Kai Wu, Zhi-Min Wang, Feng-Ming Chu, Zhen-Yu Tian","doi":"10.1007/s11666-024-01793-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11666-024-01793-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":679,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thermal Spray Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141377430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-05DOI: 10.1007/s11666-024-01794-4
Xinghua Wang, Nannan Ren, Kun Zhao, W. Meng, Hu Xie, X. Yin, Qunshuang Ma
{"title":"Investigation on the Microstructure Evolution and Properties of a Novel In-Situ Fiber Phase-Reinforced Nickel Composite Coating Deposited by Wide-Band Laser","authors":"Xinghua Wang, Nannan Ren, Kun Zhao, W. Meng, Hu Xie, X. Yin, Qunshuang Ma","doi":"10.1007/s11666-024-01794-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11666-024-01794-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":679,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thermal Spray Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141386215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-31DOI: 10.1007/s11666-024-01789-1
Zhigang Zhu, Honglong Ning, Chen Song, Kaisheng Lin, Taikai Liu, Kui Wen, Changguang Deng, Hanlin Liao, Min Liu
Metal-supported solid oxide fuel cells have broad application prospects in distributed power generation, transportation, military, and other fields. The electrochemical performance of the cell is still a challenge in commercial applications. Regulating the anode microstructure and optimizing polarization characteristics are effective methods. In this study, atmospheric plasma spraying technology is chosen to prepare the Ni-Gd0.2Ce0.8O1.9(GDC) anodes using different low plasma powers (18, 21, 24 kW), which is cost-effective and efficient. The power effect on anode microstructure and electrochemical performance is investigated. The results show that as the plasma power decreases from 24 to 18 kW, the anode’s gas permeability and three-phase reaction boundary (TPB) gradually increase. Reducing the spraying power can decrease polarization resistance and improve power density. The 18-kW anode exhibits the lowest polarization resistance and the best output performance. Open-circuit voltage and maximum power density are 1.03 V and 0.89 W cm−2 at 750 °C, respectively. The polarization resistance and total resistance are 0.19 and 0.40 Ω cm2, respectively. The experimental results prove that atmospheric plasma spraying can realize the rapid and low-cost anode preparation for high-performance MS-SOFC.
金属支撑固体氧化物燃料电池在分布式发电、交通、军事等领域有着广阔的应用前景。在商业应用中,电池的电化学性能仍然是一个挑战。调节阳极微结构和优化极化特性是有效的方法。本研究选择大气等离子体喷涂技术制备 Ni-Gd0.2Ce0.8O1.9(GDC) 阳极,采用不同的低等离子体功率(18、21、24 kW),既经济又高效。研究了功率对阳极微观结构和电化学性能的影响。结果表明,随着等离子体功率从 24 千瓦降低到 18 千瓦,阳极的气体渗透性和三相反应边界(TPB)逐渐增加。降低喷射功率可以降低极化电阻,提高功率密度。18 千瓦阳极的极化电阻最小,输出性能最好。在 750 °C 时,开路电压和最大功率密度分别为 1.03 V 和 0.89 W cm-2。极化电阻和总电阻分别为 0.19 和 0.40 Ω cm2。实验结果证明,大气等离子体喷涂可以实现高性能 MS-SOFC 阳极的快速、低成本制备。
{"title":"Effect of Low Plasma Spraying Power on Anode Microstructure and Performance for Metal-Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cells","authors":"Zhigang Zhu, Honglong Ning, Chen Song, Kaisheng Lin, Taikai Liu, Kui Wen, Changguang Deng, Hanlin Liao, Min Liu","doi":"10.1007/s11666-024-01789-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11666-024-01789-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Metal-supported solid oxide fuel cells have broad application prospects in distributed power generation, transportation, military, and other fields. The electrochemical performance of the cell is still a challenge in commercial applications. Regulating the anode microstructure and optimizing polarization characteristics are effective methods. In this study, atmospheric plasma spraying technology is chosen to prepare the Ni-Gd<sub>0.2</sub>Ce<sub>0.8</sub>O<sub>1.9</sub>(GDC) anodes using different low plasma powers (18, 21, 24 kW), which is cost-effective and efficient. The power effect on anode microstructure and electrochemical performance is investigated. The results show that as the plasma power decreases from 24 to 18 kW, the anode’s gas permeability and three-phase reaction boundary (TPB) gradually increase. Reducing the spraying power can decrease polarization resistance and improve power density. The 18-kW anode exhibits the lowest polarization resistance and the best output performance. Open-circuit voltage and maximum power density are 1.03 V and 0.89 W cm<sup>−2</sup> at 750 °C, respectively. The polarization resistance and total resistance are 0.19 and 0.40 Ω cm<sup>2</sup>, respectively. The experimental results prove that atmospheric plasma spraying can realize the rapid and low-cost anode preparation for high-performance MS-SOFC.</p>","PeriodicalId":679,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thermal Spray Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141189723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-30DOI: 10.1007/s11666-024-01792-6
Zhe Guo, Xiaomei Liu, Ye Tian, Ping Zhou, Miao Yu, Jin Liu, Xu Yin, Rui Yang, Hua Li
This work investigated the trade-off among cavitation erosion resistance, corrosion resistance, and antifouling properties in HVOF-sprayed WC-10Co4Cr coatings. By adding 316L stainless steel (316L) and copper to WC-10Co4Cr coatings, this work aimed to enhance their antifouling ability while maintaining their cavitation erosion and corrosion resistances, presenting a comprehensive evaluation of the modified coatings, including their microstructure, hardness, fracture toughness, and resistance to cavitation erosion, corrosion, and biofouling. The results revealed that Cu addition significantly improved the antifouling property but at a cost of the compromised cavitation erosion and corrosion resistances. In contrast, 316L enhanced the cavitation erosion and corrosion resistances but did not effectively improve the antifouling property. The dual addition of Cu and 316L demonstrated a balanced performance in all three aspects. This research contributed to the development of HVOF-sprayed WC-CoCr coatings suitable for marine environments, suggesting further optimization possibilities by altering Cu and 316L contents.
{"title":"Trade-Off Among Cavitation Erosion Resistance, Corrosion Resistance, and Antifouling Properties of HVOF-Sprayed WC-CoCr Coating via Adding Stainless Steel and Copper","authors":"Zhe Guo, Xiaomei Liu, Ye Tian, Ping Zhou, Miao Yu, Jin Liu, Xu Yin, Rui Yang, Hua Li","doi":"10.1007/s11666-024-01792-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11666-024-01792-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This work investigated the trade-off among cavitation erosion resistance, corrosion resistance, and antifouling properties in HVOF-sprayed WC-10Co4Cr coatings. By adding 316L stainless steel (316L) and copper to WC-10Co4Cr coatings, this work aimed to enhance their antifouling ability while maintaining their cavitation erosion and corrosion resistances, presenting a comprehensive evaluation of the modified coatings, including their microstructure, hardness, fracture toughness, and resistance to cavitation erosion, corrosion, and biofouling. The results revealed that Cu addition significantly improved the antifouling property but at a cost of the compromised cavitation erosion and corrosion resistances. In contrast, 316L enhanced the cavitation erosion and corrosion resistances but did not effectively improve the antifouling property. The dual addition of Cu and 316L demonstrated a balanced performance in all three aspects. This research contributed to the development of HVOF-sprayed WC-CoCr coatings suitable for marine environments, suggesting further optimization possibilities by altering Cu and 316L contents.</p>","PeriodicalId":679,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thermal Spray Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141188112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this work, Fe-based alloy coatings were prepared on the surface of ductile iron by laser cladding. To improve its wear resistance and consider the economic and time cost of other post-treatment processes, laser remelting was chosen to strengthen the coatings. The effect of laser remelting energy density (0−11.45 J/mm2) on the phase composition, microstructure evolution, hardness, and wear resistance of the coatings were investigated. The results show that the coating consists of γ-(Fe, Cr) and carbides and that remelting energy density has little effect on its phase composition. After remelting, the hardness uniformity of the coating was significantly improved, but increasing the remelting energy density had little effect on it. The hardness and wear resistance of the coatings were inversely related to remelting energy density. At a low remelting energy density of 5.66 J/mm2, the hardness and wear mass loss of the coating were 111.49% and 54.36% of the original coating, respectively. The mechanism for the improved hardness and wear resistance is the microstructure refinement induced by laser remelting. Increased remelting energy density reduces the microstructure refinement of the coating, but the coatings still showed good hardness and wear resistance due to the diffuse distribution of carbides at higher remelting energy density conditions of 9.43-11.45 J/mm2.
{"title":"Study on the Effect of Laser Remelting Energy Density on the Microstructure and Wear Resistance of Fe-Based Alloy Coatings Fabricated by Laser Cladding","authors":"Rui Deng, Huan Li, Chunjiang Zhao, Changyao Ouyang, Runze Wei, Rui Wang, Qiaofeng Bai, Yingliang Liu","doi":"10.1007/s11666-024-01795-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11666-024-01795-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this work, Fe-based alloy coatings were prepared on the surface of ductile iron by laser cladding. To improve its wear resistance and consider the economic and time cost of other post-treatment processes, laser remelting was chosen to strengthen the coatings. The effect of laser remelting energy density (0−11.45 J/mm<sup>2</sup>) on the phase composition, microstructure evolution, hardness, and wear resistance of the coatings were investigated. The results show that the coating consists of γ-(Fe, Cr) and carbides and that remelting energy density has little effect on its phase composition. After remelting, the hardness uniformity of the coating was significantly improved, but increasing the remelting energy density had little effect on it. The hardness and wear resistance of the coatings were inversely related to remelting energy density. At a low remelting energy density of 5.66 J/mm<sup>2</sup>, the hardness and wear mass loss of the coating were 111.49% and 54.36% of the original coating, respectively. The mechanism for the improved hardness and wear resistance is the microstructure refinement induced by laser remelting. Increased remelting energy density reduces the microstructure refinement of the coating, but the coatings still showed good hardness and wear resistance due to the diffuse distribution of carbides at higher remelting energy density conditions of 9.43-11.45 J/mm<sup>2</sup>.</p>","PeriodicalId":679,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thermal Spray Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141188293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-30DOI: 10.1007/s11666-024-01777-5
Ming Liu, Qi-qing Peng, Yan-fei Huang, Guo-zheng Ma, Wei-ling Guo, Hai-dou Wang, Xuan-ping Luo, Wei Lang
A high-performance Al2O3-PF composite coating was prepared on the surface of polymer matrix composite materials using supersonic high-energy plasma spraying technology. The bonding strength between the composite coating and the matrix was used as the evaluation index. The spraying process parameters were optimized using orthogonal experimental design method. Subsequently, the optimal process was verified based on single-factor experimental method, further exploring the influence mechanism of Ar flow rate, spraying current, spraying voltage, and second powder feeding position on the composite coating. Analysis shows that spray voltage, Ar flow rate, and spray current have a significant impact on the experimental results and are the main influencing factors; the second powder feeding position has a relatively small impact on the experimental results and is a secondary influencing factor.
{"title":"Process Optimization and Influencing Factors of Supersonic High-Energy Plasma Spraying of Al2O3-PF Composite Coatings on Polymer Matrix Composite Surface","authors":"Ming Liu, Qi-qing Peng, Yan-fei Huang, Guo-zheng Ma, Wei-ling Guo, Hai-dou Wang, Xuan-ping Luo, Wei Lang","doi":"10.1007/s11666-024-01777-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11666-024-01777-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A high-performance Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-PF composite coating was prepared on the surface of polymer matrix composite materials using supersonic high-energy plasma spraying technology. The bonding strength between the composite coating and the matrix was used as the evaluation index. The spraying process parameters were optimized using orthogonal experimental design method. Subsequently, the optimal process was verified based on single-factor experimental method, further exploring the influence mechanism of Ar flow rate, spraying current, spraying voltage, and second powder feeding position on the composite coating. Analysis shows that spray voltage, Ar flow rate, and spray current have a significant impact on the experimental results and are the main influencing factors; the second powder feeding position has a relatively small impact on the experimental results and is a secondary influencing factor.</p>","PeriodicalId":679,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thermal Spray Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141188109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}