Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-0427-6.CH018
S. Pani
A wireless sensor network may contain hundreds or even tens of thousands of inexpensive sensor devices that can communicate with their neighbors within a limited radio range. By relaying information on each other, they transmit signals to a command post anywhere within the network. Worldwide market for wireless sensor networks is rapidly growing due to a huge variety of applications it offers. In this chapter, we discuss application of computational intelligence techniques in wireless sensor networks on the coverage problem in general and area coverage in particular. After providing different types of coverage encountered in WSN, we present a possible classification of coverage algorithms. Then we dwell on area coverage which is widely studied due to its importance. We provide a survey of literature on area coverage and give an account of its state-of-the art and research directions.
{"title":"Application of Computational Intelligence Techniques in Wireless Sensor Networks the State of the Art","authors":"S. Pani","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-0427-6.CH018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0427-6.CH018","url":null,"abstract":"A wireless sensor network may contain hundreds or even tens of thousands of inexpensive sensor devices that can communicate with their neighbors within a limited radio range. By relaying information on each other, they transmit signals to a command post anywhere within the network. Worldwide market for wireless sensor networks is rapidly growing due to a huge variety of applications it offers. In this chapter, we discuss application of computational intelligence techniques in wireless sensor networks on the coverage problem in general and area coverage in particular. After providing different types of coverage encountered in WSN, we present a possible classification of coverage algorithms. Then we dwell on area coverage which is widely studied due to its importance. We provide a survey of literature on area coverage and give an account of its state-of-the art and research directions.","PeriodicalId":68742,"journal":{"name":"传感技术(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74225490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.12677/jsta.2020.82002
友好 张
{"title":"Multi-Sensor Information Fusion Technology Based on Projection Pursuit Simulated Annealing","authors":"友好 张","doi":"10.12677/jsta.2020.82002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12677/jsta.2020.82002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":68742,"journal":{"name":"传感技术(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66128218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-2454-1.ch002
Saira Muzafar
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) has gain popularity due to their wide range of applications in almost all walks of life including industry controls, environmental monitoring, health, transportation, military, civil infrastructure, science, security and more. Wireless sensor nodes are cheap and tiny in size therefore its deployment is easier. They perform well in harsh environments where human intervention is almost difficult or not possible. However, wireless sensor networks are resource constraints and its power supply has been a big challenge to keep the sensor nodes functional for a longer period. Advancement in low power electronics helped a lot but the use and maintenance of conventional batteries with a limited life span cannot address the power supply problem effectively in a long run. Therefore, harvesting energy from ambient environment is an effective alternative both in terms of power and cost, which can help sensor networks to live longer. This chapter mainly focuses on different possible energy sources available in ambient environment and current technological mechanism to harvest energy for WSNs.
{"title":"Energy Harvesting Models and Techniques","authors":"Saira Muzafar","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-2454-1.ch002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-2454-1.ch002","url":null,"abstract":"Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) has gain popularity due to their wide range of applications in almost all walks of life including industry controls, environmental monitoring, health, transportation, military, civil infrastructure, science, security and more. Wireless sensor nodes are cheap and tiny in size therefore its deployment is easier. They perform well in harsh environments where human intervention is almost difficult or not possible. However, wireless sensor networks are resource constraints and its power supply has been a big challenge to keep the sensor nodes functional for a longer period. Advancement in low power electronics helped a lot but the use and maintenance of conventional batteries with a limited life span cannot address the power supply problem effectively in a long run. Therefore, harvesting energy from ambient environment is an effective alternative both in terms of power and cost, which can help sensor networks to live longer. This chapter mainly focuses on different possible energy sources available in ambient environment and current technological mechanism to harvest energy for WSNs.","PeriodicalId":68742,"journal":{"name":"传感技术(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75087816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A robotic wheelchair is assumed to be capable of doing tasks like navigation, obstacle detection, etc. using sensors and intelligence. The initial part of the work was development of a cap controlled wheelchair to test and verify the gesture operation. Following that, a real time operating wheelchair was developed consisting of mode changing option between joystick control mode and head gesture control mode as per as the user’s requirement. The wheelchair consists of MPU6050 sensor, joystick module, RF module, battery, dc motor, toggle switch and Arduino. The movement of the head is detected by MPU6050 and the signal is transmitted to the microcontroller. Then the signal is processed by controller and motion of wheelchair is enabled for navigation. The wheelchair was capable of moving left, right, forward and backward direction. The speed of the wheelchair was 4.8 km/h when tested. Design objective of the wheelchair included cost effectiveness without compromising safety, flexibility and mobility for the users.
{"title":"Wireless Head Gesture Controlled Robotic Wheel Chair for Physically Disable Persons","authors":"Shadman Mahmood Khan Pathan, Wasif Ahmed, M. Rana, Md. Shahjalal Tasin, Faisul Islam, Anika Sultana","doi":"10.4236/jst.2020.104004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jst.2020.104004","url":null,"abstract":"A robotic wheelchair is assumed to be capable of doing tasks like navigation, obstacle detection, etc. using sensors and intelligence. The initial part of the work was development of a cap controlled wheelchair to test and verify the gesture operation. Following that, a real time operating wheelchair was developed consisting of mode changing option between joystick control mode and head gesture control mode as per as the user’s requirement. The wheelchair consists of MPU6050 sensor, joystick module, RF module, battery, dc motor, toggle switch and Arduino. The movement of the head is detected by MPU6050 and the signal is transmitted to the microcontroller. Then the signal is processed by controller and motion of wheelchair is enabled for navigation. The wheelchair was capable of moving left, right, forward and backward direction. The speed of the wheelchair was 4.8 km/h when tested. Design objective of the wheelchair included cost effectiveness without compromising safety, flexibility and mobility for the users.","PeriodicalId":68742,"journal":{"name":"传感技术(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70457591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-2454-1.ch036
Maleh Yassine, Abdellah Ezzati
Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is consisting of independent and distributed sensors to monitor physical or environmental conditions, such as temperature, sound, pressure, etc. The most crucial and fundamental challenge facing WSN is security. Due to minimum capacity in-term of memory cost, processing and physical accessibility to sensors devices the security attacks are problematic. They are mostly deployed in open area, which expose them to different kinds of attacks. In this paper, the authors present an illustration of different attacks and vulnerabilities in WSN. Then the authors proposed a new lightweight cryptography algorithm for identifying compromised node in WSN called Leap Enhanced. Their evaluations on TOSSIM give a precise and detailed idea of the extra cost of consumption of resources needed to ensure the high level of expected security compared to other cryptography schemes in literature.
{"title":"LEAP Enhanced","authors":"Maleh Yassine, Abdellah Ezzati","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-2454-1.ch036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-2454-1.ch036","url":null,"abstract":"Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is consisting of independent and distributed sensors to monitor physical or environmental conditions, such as temperature, sound, pressure, etc. The most crucial and fundamental challenge facing WSN is security. Due to minimum capacity in-term of memory cost, processing and physical accessibility to sensors devices the security attacks are problematic. They are mostly deployed in open area, which expose them to different kinds of attacks. In this paper, the authors present an illustration of different attacks and vulnerabilities in WSN. Then the authors proposed a new lightweight cryptography algorithm for identifying compromised node in WSN called Leap Enhanced. Their evaluations on TOSSIM give a precise and detailed idea of the extra cost of consumption of resources needed to ensure the high level of expected security compared to other cryptography schemes in literature.","PeriodicalId":68742,"journal":{"name":"传感技术(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85133573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-0501-3.CH016
N. Meghanathan
We propose an eigenvector centrality-based tracking algorithm to trace the trajectory of a mobile Radioactive Dispersal Device (RDD) in a wireless sensor network. The sink constructs an adjacency matrix in which the entry for edge (i, j) is the sum of the signal strengths reported by sensor nodes i and j in their respective neighborhoods over a sampling time period. The sink uses this adjacency matrix as the basis to determine the Eigenvector Centralities (EVC) of the vertices with respect to the radioactive signals sensed in the neighborhood. We hypothesize that sensor nodes that have a high EVC (suspect nodes) for the sampling time period are within the vicinity of the RDD within that period. We propose that the arithmetic mean (calculated by the sink) of the X and Y coordinates of the suspect sensor nodes be considered as the predicted location of the RDD at a time instant corresponding to the middle of the sampling time period. We evaluate the difference between the predicted and exact locations of the RDD trajectory over time as a function of different operating parameters.
{"title":"Eigenvector Centrality-Based Mobile Target Tracking in Wireless Sensor Networks","authors":"N. Meghanathan","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-0501-3.CH016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0501-3.CH016","url":null,"abstract":"We propose an eigenvector centrality-based tracking algorithm to trace the trajectory of a mobile Radioactive Dispersal Device (RDD) in a wireless sensor network. The sink constructs an adjacency matrix in which the entry for edge (i, j) is the sum of the signal strengths reported by sensor nodes i and j in their respective neighborhoods over a sampling time period. The sink uses this adjacency matrix as the basis to determine the Eigenvector Centralities (EVC) of the vertices with respect to the radioactive signals sensed in the neighborhood. We hypothesize that sensor nodes that have a high EVC (suspect nodes) for the sampling time period are within the vicinity of the RDD within that period. We propose that the arithmetic mean (calculated by the sink) of the X and Y coordinates of the suspect sensor nodes be considered as the predicted location of the RDD at a time instant corresponding to the middle of the sampling time period. We evaluate the difference between the predicted and exact locations of the RDD trajectory over time as a function of different operating parameters.","PeriodicalId":68742,"journal":{"name":"传感技术(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88166000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-2454-1.ch015
Abderrahmen Guermazi, A. Belghith, M. Abid
This article deals with a key distribution protocol to secure routing in large-scale Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) and proposes a new protocol called KDSR. The authors' protocol has two originalities: to provide a secure network structure for large-scale WSNs, and to use lightweight local process to share efficiently the Local Broadcast Keys, the Pairwise Keys and the Global Broadcast Key. These keys are useful to secure several communication patterns in WSNs: one-to-many, one-to-one and one-to-all. Security analyses show that KDSR can withstand several attacks against WSNs. Through fast node revocation process, KDSR offers a good resilience against node capture. Immunity against MiM and replay attacks are well checked with the AVISPA tools. The experimentations are done on real TelosB motes and through the TOSSIM simulator. Simulation results confirm that KDSR is scalable, provides a good key connectivity and a good resilience. Comparison to earlier work shows that KDSR causes less computation complexity, less communication overhead and much less storage space even for large-scale WSNs.
{"title":"KDSR","authors":"Abderrahmen Guermazi, A. Belghith, M. Abid","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-2454-1.ch015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-2454-1.ch015","url":null,"abstract":"This article deals with a key distribution protocol to secure routing in large-scale Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) and proposes a new protocol called KDSR. The authors' protocol has two originalities: to provide a secure network structure for large-scale WSNs, and to use lightweight local process to share efficiently the Local Broadcast Keys, the Pairwise Keys and the Global Broadcast Key. These keys are useful to secure several communication patterns in WSNs: one-to-many, one-to-one and one-to-all. Security analyses show that KDSR can withstand several attacks against WSNs. Through fast node revocation process, KDSR offers a good resilience against node capture. Immunity against MiM and replay attacks are well checked with the AVISPA tools. The experimentations are done on real TelosB motes and through the TOSSIM simulator. Simulation results confirm that KDSR is scalable, provides a good key connectivity and a good resilience. Comparison to earlier work shows that KDSR causes less computation complexity, less communication overhead and much less storage space even for large-scale WSNs.","PeriodicalId":68742,"journal":{"name":"传感技术(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75202289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.12677/jsta.2020.84015
林 伦洋
{"title":"Structure Monitoring of Glass Fiber Aluminum Alloy Laminates Based on Buckypaper Paper Sensor","authors":"林 伦洋","doi":"10.12677/jsta.2020.84015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12677/jsta.2020.84015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":68742,"journal":{"name":"传感技术(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66128946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-4666-8761-5.CH005
G. Kibirige, C. Sanga
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) consists of large number of low-cost, resource-constrained sensor nodes. The constraints of the WSN which make it to be vulnerable to attacks are based on their characteristics which include: low memory, low computation power, they are deployed in hostile area and left unattended, small range of communication capability and low energy capabilities. Examples of attacks which can occur in a WSN are sinkhole attack, selective forwarding attack and wormhole attack. One of the impacts of these attacks is that, one attack can be used to launch other attacks. This book chapter presents an exploration of the analysis of the existing solutions which are used to detect and identify passive and active attack in WSN. The analysis is based on advantages and limitations of the proposed solutions.
{"title":"Attacks in Wireless Sensor Networks","authors":"G. Kibirige, C. Sanga","doi":"10.4018/978-1-4666-8761-5.CH005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-8761-5.CH005","url":null,"abstract":"Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) consists of large number of low-cost, resource-constrained sensor nodes. The constraints of the WSN which make it to be vulnerable to attacks are based on their characteristics which include: low memory, low computation power, they are deployed in hostile area and left unattended, small range of communication capability and low energy capabilities. Examples of attacks which can occur in a WSN are sinkhole attack, selective forwarding attack and wormhole attack. One of the impacts of these attacks is that, one attack can be used to launch other attacks. This book chapter presents an exploration of the analysis of the existing solutions which are used to detect and identify passive and active attack in WSN. The analysis is based on advantages and limitations of the proposed solutions.","PeriodicalId":68742,"journal":{"name":"传感技术(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74665125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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