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Construction of prediction model of early glottic cancer based on machine learning. 基于机器学习的早期声门癌预测模型构建。
IF 1.2 4区 医学 Q3 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-30 DOI: 10.1080/00016489.2024.2430613
Wang Zhao, Jingtai Zhi, Haowei Zheng, Jianqun Du, Mei Wei, Peng Lin, Li Li, Wei Wang

Background: The early diagnosis of glottic laryngeal cancer is the key to successful treatment, and machine learning (ML) combined with narrow-band imaging (NBI) laryngoscopy provides a new idea for the early diagnosis of glottic laryngeal cancer.

Objective: To explore the clinical applicability of the diagnosis of early glottic cancer based on ML combined with NBI.

Material and methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 200 patients diagnosed with laryngeal mass, and the general clinical characteristics and pathological results of the patients were collected. Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to explore clinical and laryngoscopic features that could potentially predict early glottic cancer. Afterward, three classical ML methods, namely random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), and decision tree (DT), were combined with NBI endoscopic images to identify risk factors related to glottic cancer and to construct and compare the predictive models.

Results: The RF‑based model was found to predict more accurately than other methods and have a significant predominance over others. The accuracy, precision, recall and F1 index, and AUC value of the RF model were 0.96, 0.90, 1.00, 0.95, and 0.97.

Conclusions and significance: We developed a prediction model for early glottic cancer using RF, which outperformed other models.

背景:声门喉癌的早期诊断是治疗成功的关键,机器学习(ML)联合窄带成像(NBI)喉镜为声门喉癌的早期诊断提供了新的思路。目的:探讨ML联合NBI诊断早期声门癌的临床适用性。材料与方法:对200例诊断为喉部肿块的患者进行回顾性研究,收集患者的一般临床特征及病理结果。采用卡方检验和多因素logistic回归分析探讨可能预测早期声门癌的临床和喉镜特征。随后,将随机森林(random forest, RF)、支持向量机(support vector machine, SVM)和决策树(decision tree, DT)三种经典ML方法与NBI内镜图像相结合,识别声门癌相关危险因素,构建并比较预测模型。结果:基于射频的模型比其他方法预测更准确,并且具有显著的优势。RF模型的正确率、精密度、召回率、F1指数和AUC值分别为0.96、0.90、1.00、0.95和0.97。结论及意义:我们建立了一种基于射频的早期声门癌预测模型,其预测效果优于其他模型。
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引用次数: 0
Association between NF-E2-related factor 2 polymorphism and age-related hearing loss in the general Japanese population from the Iwaki health promotion project. 来自Iwaki健康促进项目的nf - e2相关因子2多态性与日本普通人群年龄相关性听力损失之间的关系
IF 1.2 4区 医学 Q3 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-06 DOI: 10.1080/00016489.2024.2435459
Takashi Kasai, Akira Sasaki, Shuya Kasai, Shiori Miura, Shinichi Goto, Ryoko Yotsuyanagi, Tatsuya Mikami, Yoshinori Tamada, Ken Itoh, Atsushi Matsubara

Background: Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the NF-E2-related factor 2 (NRF2) gene might be associated with several diseases. In the animal models, NRF2 has been reported to be associated with the age-related hearing loss (ARHL). However, the effect of NRF2 SNPs on ARHL in the general population has not been reported.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of NRF2 SNP-617 on ARHL in the general Japanese population.

Methods: This study included participants from the Iwaki Health Promotion Project. The genotypes of NRF2 SNP-617 were determined via whole-genome sequencing, and the hearing level of the CC homozygote + CA heterozygote carrier group was compared with that of the AA homozygote carrier group.

Results: Among the 306 CC+CA and 31 AA group male subjects, 22 (7.2%) and six (19.4%), respectively, had hearing loss, with a significant difference. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of hearing loss in the male subjects was significantly higher in the AA group than that in the CC+CA group (p = .031, odds ratio = 3.437, 95% confidence interval = 1.116-10.580).

Conclusion: The genotypes of NRF2 SNP-617 AA carriers were significantly associated with the development of ARHL among the males aged 30-59 years.

背景:nf - e2相关因子2 (NRF2)基因的单核苷酸多态性(snp)可能与多种疾病有关。在动物模型中,NRF2已被报道与年龄相关性听力损失(ARHL)有关。然而,NRF2 snp对普通人群ARHL的影响尚未见报道。目的:本研究旨在评估NRF2 SNP-617对日本普通人群ARHL的影响。方法:本研究纳入Iwaki健康促进计划的参与者。通过全基因组测序确定NRF2 SNP-617基因型,并比较CC纯合子+ CA杂合子携带者组与AA纯合子携带者组的听力水平。结果:在306例CC+CA和31例AA组男性受试者中,听力损失分别为22例(7.2%)和6例(19.4%),差异有统计学意义。多元logistic回归分析显示,AA组男性受试者听力损失风险显著高于CC+CA组(p =。031,优势比= 3.437,95%可信区间= 1.116-10.580)。结论:NRF2 SNP-617 AA基因型与30 ~ 59岁男性ARHL的发生有显著相关性。
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引用次数: 0
Squamous cell carcinoma of the temporal bone: the impact of local control on survival. 颞骨鳞状细胞癌:局部控制对生存的影响。
IF 1.2 4区 医学 Q3 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-12 DOI: 10.1080/00016489.2024.2311788
Antoine Dubray-Vautrin, Benjamin Vérillaud, Philippe Herman, Romain Kania

Background: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the temporal bone (TB) is a rare pathology originating from the external auditory canal (EAC). Surgery remains the gold standard to achieve local control.Aims/Objectives:The aim of this study was to evaluate overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) after surgery of the SCC of EAC.

Material and methods: A retrospective chart review in a tertiary referral center included 26 patients: 23 were operated with lateral temporal bone resection (LTBR, n = 10) and extended temporal bone resection (ETBR, n = 13). The outcomes were OS and DFS.

Results: Adjuvant radiotherapy was performed in 91.3% (n = 21/23). Mean age was 60.8 and sex ratio was 1. Median follow-up was 43 months; The 5-years OS was 90% (± 9.5%) and 47.7% (± 12.9%) for stage I/II and III/IV respectively (p = .033). DFS was 67.6% (IC 95%, 51.4%-88.9%) without statistical difference between early advanced stage. Incomplete margins (p = .004) and Stage IV(p < .001) were associated with poorer DFS. Free margins significantly correlated with better OS (HR = 9.8, p = .04).

Conclusion: En bloc surgical resection with free margins, coupled with postoperative radiotherapy, provides optimal local control. For stage IV tumors, where complete margins are achievable, ETBR is recommended to enhance local control.

背景:颞骨鳞状细胞癌(SCC颞骨(TB)鳞状细胞癌(SCC)是一种源自外耳道(EAC)的罕见病变。目的:本研究旨在评估外耳道鳞状细胞癌手术后的总生存期(OS)和无病生存期(DFS):在一家三级转诊中心对26例患者进行了回顾性病历审查:23例患者接受了侧颞骨切除术(LTBR,10例)和扩展颞骨切除术(ETBR,13例)。结果为OS和DFS:91.3%的患者(21/23)接受了辅助放疗。中位随访时间为43个月;I/II期和III/IV期的5年OS分别为90%(± 9.5%)和47.7%(± 12.9%)(P = .033)。DFS 为 67.6%(IC 95%,51.4%-88.9%),早期晚期之间无统计学差异。结论:结论:游离边缘的整体手术切除加上术后放疗可提供最佳的局部控制。对于可实现完整边缘的 IV 期肿瘤,建议采用 ETBR 来加强局部控制。
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引用次数: 0
Trends in the incidence and prevalence of juvenile-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis following implementation of national HPV vaccination initiatives: a systematic review. 在实施国家HPV疫苗接种计划后,青少年复发性呼吸道乳头状瘤病的发病率和流行趋势:一项系统综述。
IF 1.2 4区 医学 Q3 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-29 DOI: 10.1080/00016489.2024.2431548
Ida-Marie Jacobsen, Amanda-Louise Fenger Carlander, Mathilde Aakilde, Christian von Buchwald

Background: Infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) low-risk type 6 and 11 in the respiratory tract can cause recurrent benign squamous papillomas in the larynx, in children, juvenile-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (JoRRP).

Objectives: This systematic review investigated the impact of national HPV vaccination programs on JoRRP incidence and prevalence.

Methods: PubMED was systematically searched for publications between 2010 and March 2024 that assessed the incidence and prevalence of JoRRP post-implementation of HPV vaccination programs.

Results: Four studies met the inclusion criteria, comprising 622 patients with JoRRP (range 15-576) from Australia, New Zealand and the Unites States. The majority were girls (F:M ratio 2:1), with a median debut age between three to four years. Two studies (n = 591) showed a significant decline in JoRRP incidence after vaccination from 2,0 per 100,000 < 18 years (2004-2005) to 0,5 per 100,000 < 18 years (2012-2013) in the United States, and 0,16 per 100,000 < 15 years (2012) to 0,02 per 100,000 < 15 years (2016) in Australia. Higher vaccination coverage correlated with a reduced JoRRP burden.

Conclusion: Our findings indicate implementation of HPV-vaccination programs reduced the JoRRP incidence and prevalence emphasizing the importance of large-scale HPV vaccination. Total impact of HPV vaccination will become fully evident when the vaccinated population reach childbearing ages.

背景:呼吸道感染人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)低危6型和11型可引起喉部复发性良性鳞状乳头状瘤,在儿童中,复发性呼吸道乳头状瘤病(JoRRP)。目的:本系统综述调查了国家HPV疫苗接种计划对JoRRP发病率和患病率的影响。方法:系统检索PubMED 2010年至2024年3月期间评估HPV疫苗接种计划实施后JoRRP发病率和患病率的出版物。结果:4项研究符合纳入标准,包括来自澳大利亚、新西兰和美国的622例JoRRP患者(范围15-576)。大多数是女孩(男女比例2:1),初次出道的平均年龄在3到4岁之间。两项研究(n = 591)显示,接种疫苗后,JoRRP的发病率从每10万人中2人显著下降。结论:我们的研究结果表明,HPV疫苗接种计划的实施降低了JoRRP的发病率和患病率,强调了大规模HPV疫苗接种的重要性。当接种疫苗的人口达到生育年龄时,HPV疫苗接种的总体影响将变得充分明显。
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引用次数: 0
Lymph node density as prognostic factor in regional recurrent or residual head and neck cancer. 淋巴结密度作为局部复发或残留头颈癌的预后因素。
IF 1.2 4区 医学 Q3 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-29 DOI: 10.1080/00016489.2024.2432505
Seiya Goto, Hidenori Suzuki, Shintaro Beppu, Daisuke Nishikawa, Michi Sawabe, Hoshino Terada, Nobuhiro Hanai, Michihiko Sone

Background: Prognostic factors from neck dissection for regional recurrent or residual head and neck cancer remain undetermined.

Aims/objectives: We studied whether continuous variables from pathologic lymph nodes of salvage neck dissection could estimate survival outcomes in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC).

Materials and methods: Pathologic continuous variables from neck dissection without primary tumor resection in 184 patients with HNSCC were retrospectively evaluated. Cutoff values from both lymph node density (LND) and log odds of positive lymph nodes (LODDS) as the variables were applied to death estimation. Uni-/multivariate survival analyses adjusting for pathologic N classification and extranodal extension were evaluated by log-rank test or Cox's proportional hazard model, respectively.

Results: LND ≥ 0.14 and LODDS ≥ -1.72 were significantly related to univariate shorter survival outcomes. Multivariate analysis indicated a significant association between LND ≥ 0.14 and shorter overall (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.16, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.30-3.58), local recurrence-free (HR = 2.34, 95% CI = 1.06-5.16), regional recurrence-free (HR = 2.32, 95% CI = 1.27-4.25), and distant metastasis-free survival (HR = 2.17, 95% CI = 1.31-3.61).

Conclusions and significance: Based on the obtained results, increased LND was a poor prognostic factor following salvage neck dissection.

背景:颈部清扫对局部复发或残留头颈癌的预后影响因素尚不确定。目的/目的:我们研究了残救性颈部清扫的病理淋巴结的连续变量是否可以估计头颈部鳞状细胞癌(HNSCC)患者的生存结果。材料和方法:回顾性分析184例非原发肿瘤切除颈部清扫的HNSCC患者的病理连续变量。将淋巴结密度(LND)和阳性淋巴结(LODDS)的对数赔率作为变量的截止值应用于死亡估计。调整病理N分类和结外延伸的单/多变量生存分析分别通过log-rank检验或Cox比例风险模型进行评估。结果:LND≥0.14和LODDS≥-1.72与单因素短生存结局显著相关。多因素分析显示,LND≥0.14与较短的总体生存率(风险比[HR] = 2.16, 95%可信区间[CI] = 1.30-3.58)、局部无复发生存率(HR = 2.34, 95% CI = 1.06-5.16)、局部无复发生存率(HR = 2.32, 95% CI = 1.27-4.25)和远处无转移生存率(HR = 2.17, 95% CI = 1.31-3.61)存在显著相关。结论和意义:根据所获得的结果,LND增加是补救性颈部清扫后预后不良的因素。
{"title":"Lymph node density as prognostic factor in regional recurrent or residual head and neck cancer.","authors":"Seiya Goto, Hidenori Suzuki, Shintaro Beppu, Daisuke Nishikawa, Michi Sawabe, Hoshino Terada, Nobuhiro Hanai, Michihiko Sone","doi":"10.1080/00016489.2024.2432505","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00016489.2024.2432505","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Prognostic factors from neck dissection for regional recurrent or residual head and neck cancer remain undetermined.</p><p><strong>Aims/objectives: </strong>We studied whether continuous variables from pathologic lymph nodes of salvage neck dissection could estimate survival outcomes in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Pathologic continuous variables from neck dissection without primary tumor resection in 184 patients with HNSCC were retrospectively evaluated. Cutoff values from both lymph node density (LND) and log odds of positive lymph nodes (LODDS) as the variables were applied to death estimation. Uni-/multivariate survival analyses adjusting for pathologic N classification and extranodal extension were evaluated by log-rank test or Cox's proportional hazard model, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>LND ≥ 0.14 and LODDS ≥ -1.72 were significantly related to univariate shorter survival outcomes. Multivariate analysis indicated a significant association between LND ≥ 0.14 and shorter overall (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.16, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.30-3.58), local recurrence-free (HR = 2.34, 95% CI = 1.06-5.16), regional recurrence-free (HR = 2.32, 95% CI = 1.27-4.25), and distant metastasis-free survival (HR = 2.17, 95% CI = 1.31-3.61).</p><p><strong>Conclusions and significance: </strong>Based on the obtained results, increased LND was a poor prognostic factor following salvage neck dissection.</p>","PeriodicalId":6880,"journal":{"name":"Acta Oto-Laryngologica","volume":" ","pages":"81-87"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142749593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Post-surgical changes in wideband absorbance in paediatric cochlear implant users after mastoidectomy and posterior tympanotomy. 乳突切除和后鼓室切开术后儿童人工耳蜗使用者的术后宽带吸收变化。
IF 1.2 4区 医学 Q3 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-30 DOI: 10.1080/00016489.2024.2437552
Maraiah Mamatha Nerale, Bansode Rohit Raghunath, Arunraj Karuppannan

Background: Although Cochlear implantation (CI) is effective in restoring hearing for children with severe-to-profound sensorineural hearing loss, it may influence the middle ear mechanics, potentially causing an air-bone gap and altering middle ear stiffness, which is not detected by traditional 226 Hz tympanometry.

Aims/objectives: To investigate the effect of mastoidectomy posterior tympanotomy (MPTA) on wideband absorbance (WBA) in children with CI.

Materials and methods: The study included 20 normal-hearing children (normal group) and 10 children with CIs who underwent MPTA (CI-MPTA group), aged 3-10 years. WBA at peak and ambient pressure, resonance frequency, and 226 Hz tympanometry were measured.

Results: The normal group showed maximum absorbance at 1250 and 3000 Hz, whereas the CI-MPTA group had a single peak at 3000 Hz. The CI-MPTA group exhibited reduced absorbance at low and mid-frequencies (250-1500 Hz), with significant differences (p < 0.05) observed at 800-1250 Hz for peak pressure and 1000-1250 Hz for ambient pressure. No significant differences were found in resonance frequency or 226 Hz tympanometry.

Conclusions and significance: CI with MPTA changes middle ear absorbance patterns, affecting the low- and mid-frequency regions. These findings indicate the importance of using WBA tympanometry to monitor middle and inner ear mechanics post-CI.

背景:虽然人工耳蜗植入(CI)对重度至重度感音神经性听力损失儿童的听力恢复是有效的,但它可能影响中耳力学,可能导致气骨间隙和改变中耳硬度,而传统的226 Hz鼓室测量法无法检测到这一点。目的:探讨乳突切除后鼓室切开术(MPTA)对CI患儿宽带吸光度(WBA)的影响。材料与方法:选取听力正常儿童20例(正常组)和行MPTA治疗的CIs患儿10例(CI-MPTA组),年龄3 ~ 10岁。测量了峰值压力和环境压力下的WBA、共振频率和226 Hz鼓室测量。结果:正常组在1250和3000 Hz处吸光度最大,而CI-MPTA组在3000 Hz处只有一个峰值。CI-MPTA组中低频段(250 ~ 1500hz)吸光度降低,差异有统计学意义(p)。结论及意义:CI-MPTA改变中耳吸光度模式,影响中低频段。这些发现表明使用WBA鼓室测量法监测中耳和内耳损伤后力学的重要性。
{"title":"Post-surgical changes in wideband absorbance in paediatric cochlear implant users after mastoidectomy and posterior tympanotomy.","authors":"Maraiah Mamatha Nerale, Bansode Rohit Raghunath, Arunraj Karuppannan","doi":"10.1080/00016489.2024.2437552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00016489.2024.2437552","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although Cochlear implantation (CI) is effective in restoring hearing for children with severe-to-profound sensorineural hearing loss, it may influence the middle ear mechanics, potentially causing an air-bone gap and altering middle ear stiffness, which is not detected by traditional 226 Hz tympanometry.</p><p><strong>Aims/objectives: </strong>To investigate the effect of mastoidectomy posterior tympanotomy (MPTA) on wideband absorbance (WBA) in children with CI.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study included 20 normal-hearing children (normal group) and 10 children with CIs who underwent MPTA (CI-MPTA group), aged 3-10 years. WBA at peak and ambient pressure, resonance frequency, and 226 Hz tympanometry were measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The normal group showed maximum absorbance at 1250 and 3000 Hz, whereas the CI-MPTA group had a single peak at 3000 Hz. The CI-MPTA group exhibited reduced absorbance at low and mid-frequencies (250-1500 Hz), with significant differences (<i>p</i> < 0.05) observed at 800-1250 Hz for peak pressure and 1000-1250 Hz for ambient pressure. No significant differences were found in resonance frequency or 226 Hz tympanometry.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and significance: </strong>CI with MPTA changes middle ear absorbance patterns, affecting the low- and mid-frequency regions. These findings indicate the importance of using WBA tympanometry to monitor middle and inner ear mechanics post-CI.</p>","PeriodicalId":6880,"journal":{"name":"Acta Oto-Laryngologica","volume":"145 1","pages":"43-50"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142942291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Somatic genetic alterations of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in cholesteatoma. 胆脂瘤中癌基因和抑癌基因的体细胞遗传改变。
IF 1.2 4区 医学 Q3 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-08 DOI: 10.1080/00016489.2024.2433138
Levent Şimşek, M Selman Yıldırım, Çağatay Han Ülkü, Ayşe Gül Zamani

Background: Cholesteatoma is a proliferative disease that affects the tympanic cavity and temporal bone. Despite many studies and various theories, the etiopathogenesis of cholesteatoma has not been fully elucidated. Features such as invasion, migration, uncontrolled proliferation, and lack of differentiation are observed in both cholesteatoma and neoplasia.

Aims/objectives: The aim of this study is to investigate somatic genetic alterations in known proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in cholesteatoma.

Material and methods: 60 different known proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes were comparatively analyzed in cholesteatoma and peripheric blood samples from 15 middle ear cholesteatoma patients using next-generation sequencing.

Results: JAK3 c.2164G > A, TP53 c.284delC, and KRAS c.377A > T alterations were observed in cholesteatoma tissue but not in normal tissue. In addition, 12 different germline variants were also identified in 8 patients.

Conclusions and significance: In this study, the presence of changes in cancer-related genes in cholesteatoma was determined and these changes were discussed in terms of possible clinical applications. We hope that the genetic alterations that emerged in this study, will be beneficial in guiding future research in this field.

背景:胆脂瘤是一种累及鼓室和颞骨的增生性疾病。尽管有许多研究和各种理论,但胆脂瘤的发病机制尚未完全阐明。胆脂瘤和肿瘤均具有侵袭、迁移、不受控制的增殖和缺乏分化等特征。目的:本研究的目的是研究胆脂瘤中已知原癌基因和肿瘤抑制基因的体细胞遗传改变。材料与方法:采用新一代测序技术对15例中耳胆脂瘤患者的胆脂瘤和外周血样本中60种已知的原癌基因和抑癌基因进行比较分析。结果:在胆脂瘤组织中观察到JAK3 c.2164G > A、TP53 c.284delC和KRAS c.377A > T的改变,而在正常组织中未见改变。此外,在8例患者中还发现了12种不同的种系变异。结论及意义:本研究确定了胆脂瘤中肿瘤相关基因的变化,并就这些变化可能的临床应用进行了讨论。我们希望在这项研究中出现的基因改变,将有助于指导该领域未来的研究。
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引用次数: 0
Correlation between Lund-Mackay computed tomography score and subjective symptoms in Chinese patients with nasal polyps. 中国鼻息肉患者的 Lund-Mackay 计算机断层扫描评分与主观症状之间的相关性。
IF 1.2 4区 医学 Q3 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-21 DOI: 10.1080/00016489.2024.2412720
Qianqian Zhang, Chen Zhang, Jiani Chen, Le Shi, Yingqi Gao, Yumin Zhou, Fuying Cheng, Dehui Wang, Huan Wang, Xicai Sun, Li Hu

Background: The association between objective imaging findings and subjective symptoms remains undefined.

Aims: To investigate the correlation between objective imaging findings and symptom severity in the overall chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) population as well as its subendotypes according to the eosinophilic inflammation.

Methods: Patients with CRSwNP undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery were included. All participants completed the Sino-Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22) questionnaire. The Lund-Mackay (LM) CT scores was also obtained. Spearman correlation analysis was performed to evaluate the correlation between CT scores and SNOT-22 scores.

Results: Forty-four non-eosinophilic CRSwNP(neCRSwNP) and 93 eosinophilic CRSwNP (eCRSwNP) patients were recruited. There was significant association between LM total score and nasal subdomain of SNOT-22 in the overall CRSwNP patients. The nasal symptom of SNOT-22 was significantly associated with maxillary, frontal, sphenoid, anterior drainage, and posterior drainage in all CRSwNP patients. In eCRSwNP and neCRSwNP patients, the sense of smell/taste was associated with sphenoid and posterior drainage. Thick nasal discharge was positively correlated with maxillary, frontal, and anterior drainage only in eCRSwNP patients.

Conclusions: The high score of sphenoid and posterior drainage may suggest the occurrence of loss of sense of smell/taste, while high score of maxillary sinus may indicate suffering from thick nasal discharge in eCRSwNP patients.

背景:目的:研究慢性鼻炎伴鼻息肉(CRSwNP)总体人群及其根据嗜酸性粒细胞炎症划分的亚型人群的客观成像结果与症状严重程度之间的相关性:方法:纳入接受鼻窦内窥镜手术的 CRSwNP 患者。所有参与者均填写了中国鼻腔结果测试(SNOT-22)问卷。同时还获得了 Lund-Mackay (LM) CT 评分。对CT评分和SNOT-22评分之间的相关性进行了斯皮尔曼相关分析:结果:共招募了 44 名非嗜酸性细胞 CRSwNP(neCRSwNP)患者和 93 名嗜酸性细胞 CRSwNP(eCRSwNP)患者。在所有 CRSwNP 患者中,LM 总分与 SNOT-22 的鼻腔子域之间存在明显关联。在所有 CRSwNP 患者中,SNOT-22 的鼻腔症状与上颌骨、额叶、鼻侧、前引流和后引流均有显著相关性。在 eCRSwNP 和 neCRSwNP 患者中,嗅觉/味觉与蝶窦和后引流相关。只有 eCRSwNP 患者的浓鼻涕与上颌骨、额叶和前引流呈正相关:结论:eCRSwNP 患者蝶窦和后引流的高分可能表明其嗅觉/味觉丧失,而上颌窦的高分可能表明其患有浓鼻涕。
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引用次数: 0
Ototoxic effects of unilateral postauricular neomycin administration on the inner ears of Guinea pigs. 单侧耳后给药新霉素对豚鼠内耳的耳毒性作用。
IF 1.2 4区 医学 Q3 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-11 DOI: 10.1080/00016489.2024.2436076
Nishan Chen, Tongxiang Diao, Jilei Zhang, Lisheng Yu

Backgrounds: Due to the therapeutic needs of inner ear diseases, a simple method of inner ear drug delivery has been under exploration. Postauricular administration, which involves injecting the drug through the middle of the retroauricular groove, is a potential novel approach, but its mechanisms remain unclear.

Objectives: To investigate threshold shifts in the auditory brainstem response (ABR), as well as the morphology and quantity of hair cells on the bilateral inner ear of guinea pigs after postauricular neomycin administration.

Material and methods: Thirty healthy guinea pigs were divided randomly into two groups and administered either neomycin 200 mg/kg or saline 1 ml via daily postauricular injection for 10 days. Auditory threshold-shifts were examined by tests of the ABR. The quantity and morphology of hair cells in the organ of Corti were assessed by confocal laser scanning microscopy.

Results: The ABR results showed that at a frequency of 16 kHz, the threshold shift was 21.00 ± 14.49 dB in the neomycin injection side, 10.00 ± 16.67 dB in the contralateral side, and 0.50 ± 3.69 dB in the saline group. At a frequency of 24 kHz, the threshold shift was 37.00 ± 16.36 dB in the neomycin injection side, 14.50 ± 9.26 dB in the contralateral side, and 1.00 ± 2.11 dB in the saline group. Histopathological analysis revealed that the outer hair cells (OHCs) in the neomycin injection side suffered significant morphological and numerical loss, while the OHC loss in the contralateral ear was less severe than in the injection side but greater than in the saline group.

Conclusions and significance: This study confirms that postauricular administration is a novel method of local drug delivery to the inner ear, which has practical value in future experimental modeling and the treatment of inner ear diseases.

背景:由于内耳疾病的治疗需要,一种简单的内耳给药方法一直在探索中。耳后给药,即通过耳后沟中间注射药物,是一种潜在的新方法,但其机制尚不清楚。目的:观察新霉素对豚鼠耳后听性脑干反应(ABR)阈值变化及双侧内耳毛细胞形态和数量的影响。材料与方法:健康豚鼠30只,随机分为2组,每日耳后注射新霉素200 mg/kg或生理盐水1 ml,连续10 d。听觉阈值移位通过ABR测试进行检测。用激光共聚焦扫描显微镜观察毛细胞的数量和形态。结果:ABR结果显示,在16 kHz频率下,新霉素注射侧阈值移位为21.00±14.49 dB,对侧为10.00±16.67 dB,生理盐水组为0.50±3.69 dB。在24 kHz频率下,新霉素注射侧阈值移位为37.00±16.36 dB,对侧为14.50±9.26 dB,生理盐水组为1.00±2.11 dB。组织病理学分析显示,新霉素注射侧耳廓外毛细胞(OHC)形态和数量明显减少,对侧耳廓外毛细胞(OHC)损失较注射侧轻,但大于生理盐水组。结论与意义:本研究证实耳后给药是一种新的内耳局部给药方式,在今后的实验建模和内耳疾病的治疗中具有实用价值。
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引用次数: 0
Collaborative machine learning-guided overall survival prediction of oral squamous cell carcinoma. 以机器学习为指导的口腔鳞状细胞癌总体生存率协作预测。
IF 1.2 4区 医学 Q3 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-12-31 DOI: 10.1080/00016489.2024.2437012
Rasheed Omobolaji Alabi, Mohammed Elmusrati, Ilmo Leivo, Alhadi Almangush, Antti A Mäkitie

Background: There is a lack of prognosticators of overall survival (OS) for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC).

Objectives: We examined collaborative machine learning (cML) in estimating the OS of OSCC patients. The prognostic significance of the clinicopathological parameters was examined.

Methodology: Altogether, 9439 OSCC patients were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (US). Five ML models - voting ensemble, stacked ensemble, extreme gradient boosting, light boosting, and logistic regression were used to predict OS. Three of these ML algorithms were combined to form a cluster of cML models. The performance of the cML was compared with the best performing individual ML algorithm following model training.

Results: The performance accuracy of the voting ensemble, stacked ensemble, extreme gradient boosting, light boosting, and logistic regression models was 70.2%, 69.9%, 69.1%, 69.4%, and 69.5% respectively, following model training. When the voting ensemble model was compared with cML using temporal validation, the cML showed a comparable performance accuracy. The most significant prognostic factors were age of the patient at diagnosis, T stage, tumor grade, marital status, gender, primary site, surgery, N stage, radiotherapy, ethnicity, chemotherapy, and M stage.

Conclusions: cML appears to give reliability to the final prediction and thereby may mark a paradigm shift from model individualism to a more cooperative paradigm. This approach may aid in determining an enhanced individualized treatment for OSCC patients.

背景:口腔鳞状细胞癌(OSCC)的总生存期(OS)缺乏预后指标。目的:我们研究了协作机器学习(cML)在评估OSCC患者OS中的应用。探讨临床病理参数对预后的影响。方法:从监测、流行病学和最终结果数据库(美国)中提取9439例OSCC患者。使用投票集成、堆叠集成、极端梯度增强、光增强和逻辑回归五种ML模型来预测OS。这些ML算法中的三种被组合起来形成cML模型的集群。在模型训练后,将cML的性能与表现最佳的单个ML算法进行比较。结果:经过模型训练,投票集合、堆叠集合、极端梯度增强、光增强和逻辑回归模型的性能准确率分别为70.2%、69.9%、69.1%、69.4%和69.5%。当使用时间验证将投票集成模型与cML进行比较时,cML显示出相当的性能准确性。最重要的预后因素是患者的诊断年龄、T期、肿瘤分级、婚姻状况、性别、原发部位、手术、N期、放疗、种族、化疗和M期。结论:cML似乎为最终预测提供了可靠性,因此可能标志着从模式个人主义向更合作的范式转变。这种方法可能有助于确定OSCC患者的强化个体化治疗。
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引用次数: 0
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Acta Oto-Laryngologica
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