Pub Date : 2023-09-08DOI: 10.1590/1677-941x-abb-2023-0015
Jailma Alves da Silva, Daniele Magna Azevedo de Assis, José Hilton dos Passos, F. Oehl, L. Maia
The objective of this study was to determine the structure, diversity, composition and drivers of AMF communities in succession areas of Atlantic Forest. Soil and root samples were collected in three natural ecosystems (mature rainforests, early and late secondary forests) with three areas on each ecosystem. In total, 38 AMF taxa were identified in field samples and three more in trap cultures with a greater richness of Acaulospora and Glomus . Based on a richness estimator, 70% of the AMF species were identified. Highest rates of root colonization and number of glomerospores were recorded in the early secondary forest. AMF species diversity differed between early and late forests. The main drivers of AMF distribution were coarse and fine sand, silt, Al, P, Na, pH and base saturation. The greatest number of exclusive species was recorded in the mature rainforests. The distribution of AMF communities was influenced by different successional stages and some soil attributes.
{"title":"Succession stages and soil attributes influence the structure of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi communities in the Atlantic Forest","authors":"Jailma Alves da Silva, Daniele Magna Azevedo de Assis, José Hilton dos Passos, F. Oehl, L. Maia","doi":"10.1590/1677-941x-abb-2023-0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1677-941x-abb-2023-0015","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to determine the structure, diversity, composition and drivers of AMF communities in succession areas of Atlantic Forest. Soil and root samples were collected in three natural ecosystems (mature rainforests, early and late secondary forests) with three areas on each ecosystem. In total, 38 AMF taxa were identified in field samples and three more in trap cultures with a greater richness of Acaulospora and Glomus . Based on a richness estimator, 70% of the AMF species were identified. Highest rates of root colonization and number of glomerospores were recorded in the early secondary forest. AMF species diversity differed between early and late forests. The main drivers of AMF distribution were coarse and fine sand, silt, Al, P, Na, pH and base saturation. The greatest number of exclusive species was recorded in the mature rainforests. The distribution of AMF communities was influenced by different successional stages and some soil attributes.","PeriodicalId":6902,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Brasilica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87196003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-04DOI: 10.1590/1677-941x-abb-2023-0129
B. Yildirim, Mustafa Abdullah Yılmaz, Gokhan Zengin, Hasan Genc
Lathyrus is an economically important genus, with different parts of some species used as foodstuff or animal feed. In this study, phytochemical compositions and bioactivities of Lathyrus brachypterus var. brachypterus , L. brachypterus var. haussknechtii , L. nivalis subsp. sahinii and L. tefennicus taxa which are endemic to Türkiye were investigated. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents (TPC, TFC) of methanolic extracts were detected. Then, phytochemical compositions, antioxidant features (radical scavenging (DPPH: 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, ABTS: 2,2'-azino-bis(3 ethylbenzothiazoline) 6 sulfonic acid), reducing power (FRAP:Ferric ion reducing antioxidant power, CUPRAC:Cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity), metal chelating activity (MCA), and the phosphomolybdenum assays (PDA)) and enzyme inhibitory properties of the extracts were also determined. The highest values were found at L. brachypterus var. brachypterus for TPC, L. brachypterus var. haussknechtii for TFC. The highest antioxidant properties were seen in extracts of L. brachypterus var. brachypterus in DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, CUPRAC and PDA assays, while in extract of L. nivalis subsp. sahinii in MCA. The highest enzyme inhibitory activity was found in extract of L. brachypterus var. brachypterus in tyrosinase and glucosidase assays, while in extracts of L. nivalis subsp. sahinii in AChE (acetylcholinesterase), BChE (butyrylcholinesterase) and amylase. Finally, a taxonomic evaluation was made by considering the phytochemicals.
{"title":"Phytochemical compositions, antioxidant properties, enzyme inhibitory effects of extracts of four endemic Lathyrus L. taxa from Türkiye and a taxonomic approach","authors":"B. Yildirim, Mustafa Abdullah Yılmaz, Gokhan Zengin, Hasan Genc","doi":"10.1590/1677-941x-abb-2023-0129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1677-941x-abb-2023-0129","url":null,"abstract":"Lathyrus is an economically important genus, with different parts of some species used as foodstuff or animal feed. In this study, phytochemical compositions and bioactivities of Lathyrus brachypterus var. brachypterus , L. brachypterus var. haussknechtii , L. nivalis subsp. sahinii and L. tefennicus taxa which are endemic to Türkiye were investigated. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents (TPC, TFC) of methanolic extracts were detected. Then, phytochemical compositions, antioxidant features (radical scavenging (DPPH: 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, ABTS: 2,2'-azino-bis(3 ethylbenzothiazoline) 6 sulfonic acid), reducing power (FRAP:Ferric ion reducing antioxidant power, CUPRAC:Cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity), metal chelating activity (MCA), and the phosphomolybdenum assays (PDA)) and enzyme inhibitory properties of the extracts were also determined. The highest values were found at L. brachypterus var. brachypterus for TPC, L. brachypterus var. haussknechtii for TFC. The highest antioxidant properties were seen in extracts of L. brachypterus var. brachypterus in DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, CUPRAC and PDA assays, while in extract of L. nivalis subsp. sahinii in MCA. The highest enzyme inhibitory activity was found in extract of L. brachypterus var. brachypterus in tyrosinase and glucosidase assays, while in extracts of L. nivalis subsp. sahinii in AChE (acetylcholinesterase), BChE (butyrylcholinesterase) and amylase. Finally, a taxonomic evaluation was made by considering the phytochemicals.","PeriodicalId":6902,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Brasilica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80779430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-04DOI: 10.1590/1677-941x-abb-2023-0017
Adriane Maciel de Araújo, E. Pessoa, L. Giacomin
Scaphyglottis Poepp. & Endl. (Orchidaceae) is a neotropical genus with 78 species, 14 of which are found in Brazil. Some of these taxa have an intricate taxonomy, especially due to the morphological similarity among species and the existence of species complexes. Our study aims to test if the labellum shape, the main source of species diagnostic characters, can confirm the proposed circumscription of Brazilian species of Scaphyglottis . We analyzed 136 flowers from 12 species, to which we applied 12 landmarks, using a geometric morphometrics approach. Our results show that most species can be distinguished. Most of the variation is observed in the claw and apices of labellum lobes, confirming that the labellum is important tool in taxon distinction. Species with distinctly 3-lobed labellum showed some overlap but, for these taxa, we have found distinction specially in the lateral lobes. Our study showed new morphologically variable features in Scaphyglottis that can be used in future taxonomic studies. For widely distributed species we suggest a population-level approach, as local environmental factors can impact morphology, causing expected intraspecific variation.
{"title":"Is the labellum informative to distinguish species of Scaphyglottis(Orchidaceae)? Insights from geometric morphometrics","authors":"Adriane Maciel de Araújo, E. Pessoa, L. Giacomin","doi":"10.1590/1677-941x-abb-2023-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1677-941x-abb-2023-0017","url":null,"abstract":"Scaphyglottis Poepp. & Endl. (Orchidaceae) is a neotropical genus with 78 species, 14 of which are found in Brazil. Some of these taxa have an intricate taxonomy, especially due to the morphological similarity among species and the existence of species complexes. Our study aims to test if the labellum shape, the main source of species diagnostic characters, can confirm the proposed circumscription of Brazilian species of Scaphyglottis . We analyzed 136 flowers from 12 species, to which we applied 12 landmarks, using a geometric morphometrics approach. Our results show that most species can be distinguished. Most of the variation is observed in the claw and apices of labellum lobes, confirming that the labellum is important tool in taxon distinction. Species with distinctly 3-lobed labellum showed some overlap but, for these taxa, we have found distinction specially in the lateral lobes. Our study showed new morphologically variable features in Scaphyglottis that can be used in future taxonomic studies. For widely distributed species we suggest a population-level approach, as local environmental factors can impact morphology, causing expected intraspecific variation.","PeriodicalId":6902,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Brasilica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90378844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-04DOI: 10.1590/1677-941x-abb-2023-0120
Juan P. Coulleri, M. C. Brem
Serjania is the largest genus of Sapindaceae in the Americas; however, studies on its distribution are lacking. Current knowledge is based largely on the distribution pattern of the genus in Brazil, suggesting that species in wet areas have wider distributions than those in open or drier ones. Additionally, species in drier zones have been found to occur in various ecosystems, indicating niche specialization to resist hydric stress. In this study, we aimed to update the distribution pattern information for Serjania using Bolivia as a reference due to its diverse environmental conditions. We estimated species richness, identified environmental factors influencing species distribution, and created niche models. Our results confirm the previous hypotheses proposed by Acevedo-Rodríguez. We found that species occurring in dry zones are present in several ecosystems, all of which are Seasonally Dry Tropical Forests that are adapted to narrow ranges of temperature and rainfall regimes. Furthermore, our current and future projections show that the distribution of Serjania in South American Seasonally Dry Tropical Forests will become more interconnected. Our study highlights the importance of understanding the distribution of Serjania and its ecological requirements for its conservation and management in the future.
{"title":"Distribution patterns of Serjania (Sapindaceae, Paullinieae) in Bolivia: a starting point for understanding its biogeographical history in America","authors":"Juan P. Coulleri, M. C. Brem","doi":"10.1590/1677-941x-abb-2023-0120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1677-941x-abb-2023-0120","url":null,"abstract":"Serjania is the largest genus of Sapindaceae in the Americas; however, studies on its distribution are lacking. Current knowledge is based largely on the distribution pattern of the genus in Brazil, suggesting that species in wet areas have wider distributions than those in open or drier ones. Additionally, species in drier zones have been found to occur in various ecosystems, indicating niche specialization to resist hydric stress. In this study, we aimed to update the distribution pattern information for Serjania using Bolivia as a reference due to its diverse environmental conditions. We estimated species richness, identified environmental factors influencing species distribution, and created niche models. Our results confirm the previous hypotheses proposed by Acevedo-Rodríguez. We found that species occurring in dry zones are present in several ecosystems, all of which are Seasonally Dry Tropical Forests that are adapted to narrow ranges of temperature and rainfall regimes. Furthermore, our current and future projections show that the distribution of Serjania in South American Seasonally Dry Tropical Forests will become more interconnected. Our study highlights the importance of understanding the distribution of Serjania and its ecological requirements for its conservation and management in the future.","PeriodicalId":6902,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Brasilica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89234786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-11DOI: 10.1590/1677-941x-abb-2022-0253
Victor Felipe Mendanha de Lima, E. Franceschinelli, Dulce Maria Sucena Rocha, Ariany Rosa Gonçalves, I. M. Assis, J. M. Morais, T. Soares
Abstract Pterodon emarginatus Vogel and P. pubescens (Benth.) Benth. are phylogenetically related trees that compose a clade of sister species abundant in the Brazilian Savanna. Despite their morphological differences, some individuals with intermediate morphological characteristics have been reported, indicating the formation of interspecific hybrids. This study proposed to evaluate the genetic structure and controlled pollination of individuals of P. pubescens and P. emarginatus in areas of sympatry with the presence of putative hybrids. For this purpose, we genotyped seven microsatellite loci from 61 individuals collected from four apparent contact zones between P. pubescens and P. emarginatus. Controlled pollination experiments were performed on 4,133 flowers from six trees of P. emarginatus and five of P. pubescens. We observed two genetic clusters (k= 2) that corroborate the divergence between P. pubescens and P. emarginatus. The individual genetic assignment showed evidence of natural hybridization between P. pubescens and P. emarginatus. The genetic assignment did not fully support the visual description of the diagnoses of individual morphological characteristics. Controlled interspecific pollination generated fruit and seed production, possibly indicating the absence of a reproductive barrier at the pollination and ovule fertilization levels between these species. Our results enlarge the understanding of the diversification process of Pterodon species.
{"title":"Genetic and reproductive evidence of incomplete isolations barriers between Pterodon emarginatus and P. pubescens (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae)","authors":"Victor Felipe Mendanha de Lima, E. Franceschinelli, Dulce Maria Sucena Rocha, Ariany Rosa Gonçalves, I. M. Assis, J. M. Morais, T. Soares","doi":"10.1590/1677-941x-abb-2022-0253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1677-941x-abb-2022-0253","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Pterodon emarginatus Vogel and P. pubescens (Benth.) Benth. are phylogenetically related trees that compose a clade of sister species abundant in the Brazilian Savanna. Despite their morphological differences, some individuals with intermediate morphological characteristics have been reported, indicating the formation of interspecific hybrids. This study proposed to evaluate the genetic structure and controlled pollination of individuals of P. pubescens and P. emarginatus in areas of sympatry with the presence of putative hybrids. For this purpose, we genotyped seven microsatellite loci from 61 individuals collected from four apparent contact zones between P. pubescens and P. emarginatus. Controlled pollination experiments were performed on 4,133 flowers from six trees of P. emarginatus and five of P. pubescens. We observed two genetic clusters (k= 2) that corroborate the divergence between P. pubescens and P. emarginatus. The individual genetic assignment showed evidence of natural hybridization between P. pubescens and P. emarginatus. The genetic assignment did not fully support the visual description of the diagnoses of individual morphological characteristics. Controlled interspecific pollination generated fruit and seed production, possibly indicating the absence of a reproductive barrier at the pollination and ovule fertilization levels between these species. Our results enlarge the understanding of the diversification process of Pterodon species.","PeriodicalId":6902,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Brasilica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87365631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-07DOI: 10.1590/1677-941x-abb-2022-0314
Natália Brandão Gonçalves Fernandes, A. Moraes, M. Milward‑de-Azevedo
The species of the Passiflora (Passifloraceae s.s. ) are distributed in tropical and subtropical regions and are of great ecological importance. The Serra do Mar is formed of large escarpments along Brazil’s east coast, between the States of Rio de Janeiro and Rio Grande do Sul. This study aims to point out occurrences of Passiflora species in herbaria along the Serra do Mar, in addition to evaluating the conditions of each specimen found. The richness and sample effort maps were prepared to establish the locations where the greatest numbers of species and records were encountered. We evaluated the relationship of species distribution through Canonical Correlation (CCA) and Quadratic Polynomial Analysis. We also evaluated the floristic composition using a cluster analysis. Calculations of the Extent of Occurrence (EOO) and Area of Occupancy (AOO) were performed for endemic species to the Atlantic Forest area occurring in the Serra do Mar. A total of 53 species, belonging to the Passiflora were found in the Serra do Mar. The States of Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo were the ones that recorded the greatest numbers of species and collection effort. The climatic variables Precipitation of the Driest Quarter and Annual Average Temperature are the most correlated to the distribution of Passiflora in the area. Twenty-two species are endemic to the Atlantic Forest area, and 21 are recorded as having some degree of threat on Official Lists. In this study, we present all the Passiflora species recorded for the Serra do Mar, the richness of species, including those endemics to the Atlantic Forest, demonstrates the importance of the area for conservation.
{"title":"Diversity of the Passiflora L. in the Serra do Mar ecoregion and the relationships with environmental gradients, South and Southeast, Brazil","authors":"Natália Brandão Gonçalves Fernandes, A. Moraes, M. Milward‑de-Azevedo","doi":"10.1590/1677-941x-abb-2022-0314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1677-941x-abb-2022-0314","url":null,"abstract":"The species of the Passiflora (Passifloraceae s.s. ) are distributed in tropical and subtropical regions and are of great ecological importance. The Serra do Mar is formed of large escarpments along Brazil’s east coast, between the States of Rio de Janeiro and Rio Grande do Sul. This study aims to point out occurrences of Passiflora species in herbaria along the Serra do Mar, in addition to evaluating the conditions of each specimen found. The richness and sample effort maps were prepared to establish the locations where the greatest numbers of species and records were encountered. We evaluated the relationship of species distribution through Canonical Correlation (CCA) and Quadratic Polynomial Analysis. We also evaluated the floristic composition using a cluster analysis. Calculations of the Extent of Occurrence (EOO) and Area of Occupancy (AOO) were performed for endemic species to the Atlantic Forest area occurring in the Serra do Mar. A total of 53 species, belonging to the Passiflora were found in the Serra do Mar. The States of Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo were the ones that recorded the greatest numbers of species and collection effort. The climatic variables Precipitation of the Driest Quarter and Annual Average Temperature are the most correlated to the distribution of Passiflora in the area. Twenty-two species are endemic to the Atlantic Forest area, and 21 are recorded as having some degree of threat on Official Lists. In this study, we present all the Passiflora species recorded for the Serra do Mar, the richness of species, including those endemics to the Atlantic Forest, demonstrates the importance of the area for conservation.","PeriodicalId":6902,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Brasilica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89007060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-07DOI: 10.1590/1677-941x-abb-2022-0258
D. R. P. Krahl, Miguel Sena de Oliveira, João Batista Fernandes da Silva, G. Chiron, P. Cantuária
In the present study we propose a new Catasetum taxon belonging to the group of species with symmetrical and converging antennae. It was found in a vegetation of “terra firme” and “campinarana” in the central Brazilian Amazon. A detailed description of the taxon is given as well as a photograph plate and comments relating to distribution, habitat, phenology and conservation status. It is compared to C. rivularium and C. barbatum which are sympatric species and somewhat similar to the new taxon. Furthermore, we present a key to Catasetum species with symmetrical and convergent antennae occurring in the Brazilian Amazon.
{"title":"Catasetum krahlii (Orchidaceae, Catasetinae): a new and threatened species from the Brazilian Amazon","authors":"D. R. P. Krahl, Miguel Sena de Oliveira, João Batista Fernandes da Silva, G. Chiron, P. Cantuária","doi":"10.1590/1677-941x-abb-2022-0258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1677-941x-abb-2022-0258","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study we propose a new Catasetum taxon belonging to the group of species with symmetrical and converging antennae. It was found in a vegetation of “terra firme” and “campinarana” in the central Brazilian Amazon. A detailed description of the taxon is given as well as a photograph plate and comments relating to distribution, habitat, phenology and conservation status. It is compared to C. rivularium and C. barbatum which are sympatric species and somewhat similar to the new taxon. Furthermore, we present a key to Catasetum species with symmetrical and convergent antennae occurring in the Brazilian Amazon.","PeriodicalId":6902,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Brasilica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90977415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-07DOI: 10.1590/1677-941x-abb-2022-0313
F. S. Silveira, S. Miotto
A nomenclatural type is the element to which a name is permanently linked and must consist of a gathering, or part of a gathering, of a single species or infraspecific taxon. However, sometimes more than one species may be mounted on a single herbarium sheet (‘Frankenstein type’), causing a nomenclatural confusion (admixture) in the use of a name, which creates difficulties on the delimitation of the species and application of its name (‘taxonomic headache’). This is the case of the assigned holotype to Mimosa asperoides Izag. & Beyhaut that is composed also of other Mimosa species. To solve the ‘Frankenstein type’ of Mimosa asperoides , we analyzed the original material, the protologue, and performed a morphological comparative analysis to distinguish the species involved in the admixture. These analyses allowed us to identify which of the fragments of the ‘Frankenstein type’ correspond to M. asperoides , enabling its lectotypification and providing new diagnostic features to amend its description. Finally, we reported the first citation of M. asperoides for Brazil and discussed the link between nomenclature and taxonomy to solve a taxonomic headache due to admixture.
{"title":"A taxonomic headache due to a ‘Frankenstein type’: solving the identity and typification of a Mimosa species","authors":"F. S. Silveira, S. Miotto","doi":"10.1590/1677-941x-abb-2022-0313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1677-941x-abb-2022-0313","url":null,"abstract":"A nomenclatural type is the element to which a name is permanently linked and must consist of a gathering, or part of a gathering, of a single species or infraspecific taxon. However, sometimes more than one species may be mounted on a single herbarium sheet (‘Frankenstein type’), causing a nomenclatural confusion (admixture) in the use of a name, which creates difficulties on the delimitation of the species and application of its name (‘taxonomic headache’). This is the case of the assigned holotype to Mimosa asperoides Izag. & Beyhaut that is composed also of other Mimosa species. To solve the ‘Frankenstein type’ of Mimosa asperoides , we analyzed the original material, the protologue, and performed a morphological comparative analysis to distinguish the species involved in the admixture. These analyses allowed us to identify which of the fragments of the ‘Frankenstein type’ correspond to M. asperoides , enabling its lectotypification and providing new diagnostic features to amend its description. Finally, we reported the first citation of M. asperoides for Brazil and discussed the link between nomenclature and taxonomy to solve a taxonomic headache due to admixture.","PeriodicalId":6902,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Brasilica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77294156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-07DOI: 10.1590/1677-941x-abb-2022-0079
J. Troleis, Tamara Pastori, H. M. Büneker, J. Mariath
Among species of the genus Dyckia Schult. & Schult. f. there are 13 endemic species of the Brazilian states of Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina informally treated as the Dyckia selloa complex. This study employed standard plant anatomy techniques to investigate variation in leaf morphology of species belonging to the genus Dyckia with a focus of establishing characters that help delimit the Dyckia selloa complex. The results allowed the survey of morphological and anatomical characters important for the characterization of species. Such characters include color of spines, the presence of water-storage parenchyma and mechanical hypodermis on both leaf surfaces, and the presence of tetracytic stomata on only the abaxial surface. Analyses support the current delimitation of the complex and recommend the investigation of reproductive and/or vegetative organs to better understand the relationships among these species of Dyckia .
{"title":"Could leaf morphoanatomy characters help in the delimitation of Dyckia selloa complex?","authors":"J. Troleis, Tamara Pastori, H. M. Büneker, J. Mariath","doi":"10.1590/1677-941x-abb-2022-0079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1677-941x-abb-2022-0079","url":null,"abstract":"Among species of the genus Dyckia Schult. & Schult. f. there are 13 endemic species of the Brazilian states of Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina informally treated as the Dyckia selloa complex. This study employed standard plant anatomy techniques to investigate variation in leaf morphology of species belonging to the genus Dyckia with a focus of establishing characters that help delimit the Dyckia selloa complex. The results allowed the survey of morphological and anatomical characters important for the characterization of species. Such characters include color of spines, the presence of water-storage parenchyma and mechanical hypodermis on both leaf surfaces, and the presence of tetracytic stomata on only the abaxial surface. Analyses support the current delimitation of the complex and recommend the investigation of reproductive and/or vegetative organs to better understand the relationships among these species of Dyckia .","PeriodicalId":6902,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Brasilica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88856116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-24DOI: 10.1590/1677-941x-abb-2023-0032
L. S. Souza, B. Andrade, J. Stehmann
Solanaceae comprises many species complexes, taxonomically challenging lineages that require specialized effort to be reliably delimited, and thus develop a reasoned hypothesis at the species level. To obtain an overview of aspects that permeate species complexes studies in Solanaceae, we collected and summarized details of selected works, resulting in 83 published articles comprising nine genera. Solanum , the most studied genus, spans all explored biogeographic realms, characterized by taxonomic complexity related to its long history of domestication. Capsicum is a unique case due to the adoption of complexes as an indicator of gene pool, while Petunia can potentially serve as a model for the use of species complexes to improve evolutionary knowledge given their phylogeographic studies. The Neotropical region concentrates the majority of research and presents the highest number of genera studied. Morphometrics is the main applied approach probably due to its low cost, followed by population genetics, reproductive biology, phylogeny, and others. Most studies do not present taxonomic decisions or apply integrated methods. We encourage studies with some neglected genera that may have hidden species complexes; a major effort to resolve the Solanum nigrum complex; and the use of effective, less applied fields of study such as ecology and
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