Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.1099/acmi.0.000530.v5
Saumya P. Srivastava, A. Samaddar, Salman Khan, V. Tak, G. Bohra, Deepak Sharma, Arnab Ghosh, V. Nag
Background. Infections caused by Nocardia spp. can occur in immunocompromised as well as immunocompetent individuals. Although nocardiosis is rare, it is being increasingly recognized owing to the rise in occurrence rate over the years. The documentation of pleural involvement in nocardiosis is rare in India. Case. We report a case of pulmonary nocardiosis in an immunocompromised individual caused by Nocardia otitidiscaviarum. Discussion. Pulmonary nocardiosis caused by Nocardia otitidiscaviarum may go unnoticed without clinical suspicion. Correct and timely identification is the key to proper patient management. Conclusion. Coordination between clinicians and microbiologists is necessary for early diagnosis and appropriate management of nocardiosis.
{"title":"Nocardia otitidiscaviarum causing pulmonary nocardiosis: a case report and its review of the literature","authors":"Saumya P. Srivastava, A. Samaddar, Salman Khan, V. Tak, G. Bohra, Deepak Sharma, Arnab Ghosh, V. Nag","doi":"10.1099/acmi.0.000530.v5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1099/acmi.0.000530.v5","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Background. Infections caused by Nocardia spp. can occur in immunocompromised as well as immunocompetent individuals. Although nocardiosis is rare, it is being increasingly recognized owing to the rise in occurrence rate over the years. The documentation of pleural involvement in nocardiosis is rare in India.\u0000 \u0000 Case. We report a case of pulmonary nocardiosis in an immunocompromised individual caused by Nocardia otitidiscaviarum.\u0000 \u0000 Discussion. Pulmonary nocardiosis caused by Nocardia otitidiscaviarum may go unnoticed without clinical suspicion. Correct and timely identification is the key to proper patient management.\u0000 \u0000 Conclusion. Coordination between clinicians and microbiologists is necessary for early diagnosis and appropriate management of nocardiosis.","PeriodicalId":6956,"journal":{"name":"Access Microbiology","volume":"2 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139966795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.1099/acmi.0.000721.v3
Rajesh Kotagiri, Matthew L Repp, Michael H. Kim, Faissal Stipho
The infratemporal fossa (ITF) is an anatomically complex cavity that houses a variety of muscular and neurovascular structures at the base of the skull. Infections involving the ITF, though uncommon, can be fatal due to the difficulties of accessing this anatomical space and its proclivity to evolve into a cavernous venous thrombosis (CVT). As a result, a multi-disciplinary approach involving several surgical and medical subspecialists is often warranted. We present a case of an infratemporal fossa abscess (IFA) after wisdom teeth extraction with a very complicated clinical course and a distinct microbiologic profile.
{"title":"Infratemporal abscess: a rare complication of a common procedure","authors":"Rajesh Kotagiri, Matthew L Repp, Michael H. Kim, Faissal Stipho","doi":"10.1099/acmi.0.000721.v3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1099/acmi.0.000721.v3","url":null,"abstract":"The infratemporal fossa (ITF) is an anatomically complex cavity that houses a variety of muscular and neurovascular structures at the base of the skull. Infections involving the ITF, though uncommon, can be fatal due to the difficulties of accessing this anatomical space and its proclivity to evolve into a cavernous venous thrombosis (CVT). As a result, a multi-disciplinary approach involving several surgical and medical subspecialists is often warranted. We present a case of an infratemporal fossa abscess (IFA) after wisdom teeth extraction with a very complicated clinical course and a distinct microbiologic profile.","PeriodicalId":6956,"journal":{"name":"Access Microbiology","volume":"40 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139965690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.1099/acmi.0.000752.v3
U. Ekeleme, V. O. Ikwuagwu, U. Chukwuocha, Jane C. Nwakanma, Stephanie A. Adiruo, I. O. Ogini, I. U. Ude
The contamination of pharmaceutical products by micro-organisms poses a significant risk to public health. This study was conducted to detect and characterize micro-organisms associated with unsealed drugs sold in Ihiagwa community in Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria. A variety of microbiological techniques were employed to analyse samples from unsealed drug containers. The identification process involved morphological, biochemical and sugar utilization methods, aiding in the accurate determination of microbial species. Microbial contamination was observed in 42 (84 %) out of 50 samples, with contaminants including bacteria and fungi. The range of contamination is between 1.2±0.01×103 and 2.3±0.02×103 c.f.u. ml−1 for viable count, 0.1±0.02×102 and 0.3±0.01×102 c.f.u. g−1 for coliform count and 0.2±0.01×101 and 0.5±0.01×101 c.f.u. g−1 for fungi count. The identified microbes were Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger. The most common bacterial isolate was S. aureus (51.8 %), while C. albicans (73.3 %) was the most prevalent fungus. Among the pharmacies and healthcare facilities examined, the Uchems pharmacy had the highest proportion of bacterial isolates (37 %), followed by the Stepwise pharmacy (22.2 %), while the lowest proportion was found at the Roseline Health Clinic (7.4 %). The identification of potentially harmful micro-organisms in these unsealed drug container samples emphasizes the importance of stringent quality control measures and improved handling, storage and packaging practices to ensure product safety and efficacy, especially among pharmacetical dealers.
{"title":"Detection and characterization of micro-organisms linked to unsealed drugs sold in Ihiagwa community, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria","authors":"U. Ekeleme, V. O. Ikwuagwu, U. Chukwuocha, Jane C. Nwakanma, Stephanie A. Adiruo, I. O. Ogini, I. U. Ude","doi":"10.1099/acmi.0.000752.v3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1099/acmi.0.000752.v3","url":null,"abstract":"The contamination of pharmaceutical products by micro-organisms poses a significant risk to public health. This study was conducted to detect and characterize micro-organisms associated with unsealed drugs sold in Ihiagwa community in Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria. A variety of microbiological techniques were employed to analyse samples from unsealed drug containers. The identification process involved morphological, biochemical and sugar utilization methods, aiding in the accurate determination of microbial species. Microbial contamination was observed in 42 (84 %) out of 50 samples, with contaminants including bacteria and fungi. The range of contamination is between 1.2±0.01×103 and 2.3±0.02×103 c.f.u. ml−1 for viable count, 0.1±0.02×102 and 0.3±0.01×102 c.f.u. g−1 for coliform count and 0.2±0.01×101 and 0.5±0.01×101 c.f.u. g−1 for fungi count. The identified microbes were Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger. The most common bacterial isolate was S. aureus (51.8 %), while C. albicans (73.3 %) was the most prevalent fungus. Among the pharmacies and healthcare facilities examined, the Uchems pharmacy had the highest proportion of bacterial isolates (37 %), followed by the Stepwise pharmacy (22.2 %), while the lowest proportion was found at the Roseline Health Clinic (7.4 %). The identification of potentially harmful micro-organisms in these unsealed drug container samples emphasizes the importance of stringent quality control measures and improved handling, storage and packaging practices to ensure product safety and efficacy, especially among pharmacetical dealers.","PeriodicalId":6956,"journal":{"name":"Access Microbiology","volume":"12 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139965975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.1099/acmi.0.000740.v3
Tayarv J. Bagratee, D. Studholme
In July 2023, the World Health Organization (WHO) began recommending targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS), due to its ability to detect resistance to many drugs with a single test. In March 2023, South Africa further adopted the GeneXpert XDR cartridge, which detects mutations associated with resistance to second-line injectable drugs. Here, we consider the feasibility for implementing tNGS in South Africa, what such a facility might look like and the specific context of this upper-middle-income country. Whilst the WHO now recommends tNGS for TB diagnostics and DST, there are many economic and infrastructural challenges opposing its deployment. In lieu of this, we instead recommend a stratified diagnostic pipeline that utilizes South Africa’s existing GeneXpert technologies, attempting to reduce the costs associated with implementation of tNGS.
{"title":"Targeted genome sequencing for tuberculosis drug susceptibility testing in South Africa: a proposed diagnostic pipeline","authors":"Tayarv J. Bagratee, D. Studholme","doi":"10.1099/acmi.0.000740.v3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1099/acmi.0.000740.v3","url":null,"abstract":"In July 2023, the World Health Organization (WHO) began recommending targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS), due to its ability to detect resistance to many drugs with a single test. In March 2023, South Africa further adopted the GeneXpert XDR cartridge, which detects mutations associated with resistance to second-line injectable drugs. Here, we consider the feasibility for implementing tNGS in South Africa, what such a facility might look like and the specific context of this upper-middle-income country. Whilst the WHO now recommends tNGS for TB diagnostics and DST, there are many economic and infrastructural challenges opposing its deployment. In lieu of this, we instead recommend a stratified diagnostic pipeline that utilizes South Africa’s existing GeneXpert technologies, attempting to reduce the costs associated with implementation of tNGS.","PeriodicalId":6956,"journal":{"name":"Access Microbiology","volume":"49 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139965627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1099/acmi.0.000741.v3
Aastha Subedi, Nguyen Thi Thu Nga, Doan Thi Kieu Tien, G. Minsavage, Pamela D. Roberts, Erica M. Goss, Jeffrey B. Jones
Xanthomonas euvesicatoria the primary causal agent of bacterial spot of pepper (BSP), poses a significant global challenge, resulting in severe defoliation and yield losses for pepper growers. We present the whole genome sequences of eight X. euvesicatoria strains associated with BSP in Vietnam. These genomes contribute to representation of pepper production regions in the global sample of X. euvesicatoria genomes, enabling the development of precise global disease management strategies.
{"title":"Draft genomes announcement of Vietnamese Xanthomonas euvesicatoria strains causing bacterial spot on pepper","authors":"Aastha Subedi, Nguyen Thi Thu Nga, Doan Thi Kieu Tien, G. Minsavage, Pamela D. Roberts, Erica M. Goss, Jeffrey B. Jones","doi":"10.1099/acmi.0.000741.v3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1099/acmi.0.000741.v3","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Xanthomonas euvesicatoria\u0000 \u0000 the primary causal agent of bacterial spot of pepper (BSP), poses a significant global challenge, resulting in severe defoliation and yield losses for pepper growers. We present the whole genome sequences of eight \u0000 \u0000 X. euvesicatoria\u0000 \u0000 strains associated with BSP in Vietnam. These genomes contribute to representation of pepper production regions in the global sample of \u0000 \u0000 X. euvesicatoria\u0000 \u0000 genomes, enabling the development of precise global disease management strategies.","PeriodicalId":6956,"journal":{"name":"Access Microbiology","volume":"6 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139632725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1099/acmi.0.000524.v3
Minakshi Gupta, Uma Shankar Saha, Ritesh Kumar, J. Laik, Minakshi Mishra
Prosthetic implant-associated arthritis due to Listeria is mostly reported for Listeria monocytogenes. Here, we describe a patient who underwent total knee replacement 12 years ago and presented with pain, tenderness, redness and local rise in temperature in the right knee. Purulent fluid was aspirated. Upon microbiological analysis, culture yielded Listeria innocua. L. innocua is rare. Listeria is not reported as a contaminant and routine cultures may be negative. Because of the long interval between surgery and the onset of symptoms, clinical suspicion, radiological investigations and analysing multiple samples are of immense help.
{"title":"Listeria innocua infection in an old case of total knee replacement – an unusual case report","authors":"Minakshi Gupta, Uma Shankar Saha, Ritesh Kumar, J. Laik, Minakshi Mishra","doi":"10.1099/acmi.0.000524.v3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1099/acmi.0.000524.v3","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>Prosthetic implant-associated arthritis due to <jats:italic>\u0000 <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus\">\u0000 <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http://doi.org/10.1601/nm.5095\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Listeria</jats:ext-link>\u0000 </jats:named-content>\u0000 </jats:italic> is mostly reported for <jats:italic>\u0000 <jats:named-content content-type=\"species\">\u0000 <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http://doi.org/10.1601/nm.5096\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Listeria monocytogenes</jats:ext-link>\u0000 </jats:named-content>\u0000 </jats:italic>. Here, we describe a patient who underwent total knee replacement 12 years ago and presented with pain, tenderness, redness and local rise in temperature in the right knee. Purulent fluid was aspirated. Upon microbiological analysis, culture yielded <jats:italic>\u0000 <jats:named-content content-type=\"species\">\u0000 <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http://doi.org/10.1601/nm.5099\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Listeria innocua</jats:ext-link>\u0000 </jats:named-content>\u0000 </jats:italic>. <jats:italic>\u0000 <jats:named-content content-type=\"species\">\u0000 <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http://doi.org/10.1601/nm.5099\" xlink:type=\"simple\">L. innocua</jats:ext-link>\u0000 </jats:named-content>\u0000 </jats:italic> is rare. <jats:italic>\u0000 <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus\">\u0000 <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http://doi.org/10.1601/nm.5095\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Listeria</jats:ext-link>\u0000 </jats:named-content>\u0000 </jats:italic> is not reported as a contaminant and routine cultures may be negative. Because of the long interval between surgery and the onset of symptoms, clinical suspicion, radiological investigations and analysing multiple samples are of immense help.</jats:p>","PeriodicalId":6956,"journal":{"name":"Access Microbiology","volume":"54 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139637543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1099/acmi.0.000667.v4
Victor Dinda, A. Kimang’a, D. Kariuki, A. Sifuna, Thomas James O’Brien, Martin Welch, O.N. Reva
Objectives. Klebsiella pneumoniae are a frequent cause of nosocomial infections worldwide. Sequence type 147 (ST147) has been reported as a major circulating high-risk lineage in many countries, and appears to be a formidable platform for the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) determinants. However, the distribution of this pathogen in Western African hospitals has been scarcely studied. The main objective of this work was to perform whole genome sequencing of K. pneumoniae isolates from a referral hospital in Kakamega (Kenya) for genotyping and identification of AMR and virulence determinants. Methods. In total, 15 K . pneumoniae isolates showing a broad spectrum antimicrobial resistance were selected for whole genome sequencing by Illumina HiSeq 2500 platform. Results. ST147 was the dominant lineage among the highly-resistant K. pneumoniae isolates that we sequenced. ST147 was associated with both community- and the hospital-acquired infections, and with different infection sites, whereas other STs were predominantly uropathogens. Multiple antibiotic resistance and virulence determinants were detected in the genomes including extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) and carbapenemases. Many of these genes were plasmid-borne. Conclusions. Our data suggest that the evolutionary success of ST147 may be linked with the acquisition of broad host-range plasmids, and their propensity to accrue AMR and virulence determinants. Although ST147 is a dominant lineage in many countries worldwide, it has not been previously reported as prevalent in Africa. Our data suggest an influx of new nosocomial pathogens with new virulence genes into African hospitals from other continents.
目的。 肺炎克雷伯氏菌是全球范围内常见的院内感染病原菌。据报道，序列类型 147（ST147）是许多国家主要的循环高风险菌系，似乎是传播抗菌药耐药性（AMR）决定因素的一个强大平台。然而，这种病原体在西非医院的分布情况却鲜有研究。这项工作的主要目的是对来自卡卡梅加（肯尼亚）一家转诊医院的肺炎克雷伯菌分离物进行全基因组测序，以进行基因分型并鉴定 AMR 和毒力决定因子。 方法。通过 Illumina HiSeq 2500 平台，共筛选出 15 株具有广谱抗菌耐药性的肺炎双球菌分离株进行全基因组测序。 结果显示在我们测序的高耐药性肺炎克氏菌分离株中，ST147 是最主要的品系。ST147 既与社区感染有关，也与医院感染有关，而且与不同的感染部位有关，而其他 ST 主要是泌尿道病原体。基因组中检测到多种抗生素耐药性和毒力决定因子，包括广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBL）和碳青霉烯酶。其中许多基因是质粒携带的。 结论我们的数据表明，ST147 的成功进化可能与获得广泛的宿主范围质粒及其积累 AMR 和毒力决定因子的倾向有关。虽然 ST147 在全球许多国家都是一个优势菌系，但以前并没有报道过它在非洲的流行情况。我们的数据表明，带有新毒力基因的新病原菌正从其他大陆涌入非洲医院。
{"title":"Whole genome sequencing and genotyping Klebsiella pneumoniae multi-drug resistant hospital isolates from Western Kenya","authors":"Victor Dinda, A. Kimang’a, D. Kariuki, A. Sifuna, Thomas James O’Brien, Martin Welch, O.N. Reva","doi":"10.1099/acmi.0.000667.v4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1099/acmi.0.000667.v4","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Objectives.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Klebsiella pneumoniae\u0000 \u0000 are a frequent cause of nosocomial infections worldwide. Sequence type 147 (ST147) has been reported as a major circulating high-risk lineage in many countries, and appears to be a formidable platform for the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) determinants. However, the distribution of this pathogen in Western African hospitals has been scarcely studied. The main objective of this work was to perform whole genome sequencing of \u0000 \u0000 K. pneumoniae\u0000 \u0000 isolates from a referral hospital in Kakamega (Kenya) for genotyping and identification of AMR and virulence determinants.\u0000 \u0000 Methods. In total, 15 \u0000 \u0000 K\u0000 \u0000 . \u0000 \u0000 pneumoniae\u0000 \u0000 isolates showing a broad spectrum antimicrobial resistance were selected for whole genome sequencing by Illumina HiSeq 2500 platform.\u0000 \u0000 Results. ST147 was the dominant lineage among the highly-resistant \u0000 \u0000 K. pneumoniae\u0000 \u0000 isolates that we sequenced. ST147 was associated with both community- and the hospital-acquired infections, and with different infection sites, whereas other STs were predominantly uropathogens. Multiple antibiotic resistance and virulence determinants were detected in the genomes including extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) and carbapenemases. Many of these genes were plasmid-borne.\u0000 \u0000 Conclusions. Our data suggest that the evolutionary success of ST147 may be linked with the acquisition of broad host-range plasmids, and their propensity to accrue AMR and virulence determinants. Although ST147 is a dominant lineage in many countries worldwide, it has not been previously reported as prevalent in Africa. Our data suggest an influx of new nosocomial pathogens with new virulence genes into African hospitals from other continents.","PeriodicalId":6956,"journal":{"name":"Access Microbiology","volume":"345 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139635777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1099/acmi.0.000677.v3
Sapphire Crosby, S. Younie, Harnesh Vijay Ujenia, Katie Laird
Infectious diseases are a leading cause of death for children from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), often due to inadequate hand-hygiene. This study evaluates culturally relevant educational resources as a vehicle to disseminate the importance of handwashing amongst children in India. Employing a participatory action research (PAR) model and mixed methods, this follow-up longitudinal study evaluates a set of innovate educational handwashing resources and workshops specifically co-created for use in the State of Gujarat, and how they aid teachers in the teaching of hand-hygiene over a 3 year period. Working alongside local NGOs on-the-ground, teacher questionnaires (n=58) and focus groups including a brief questionnaire with teachers (n=35) were conducted to assess the impact of trainer workshops. In addition, pre- and post-workshop worksheets were conducted with children (n=98). Percentage change was calculated between children’s pre-and post-worksheet scores and a cumulative frequency of responses to each questionnaire criterion was measured. Data from the focus group found that the resources had been used in over 200 schools by more than 5000 children. In addition, 92.28 % of teachers said they would use the resources within their classrooms in India, with 58.16 % of pupils having an increased understanding of germs/handwashing directly after the workshop. Teachers reported that they are able to teach microbiology and handwashing more effectively. Furthermore, following a focus group, 100 % of teachers noted a reduction in childhood vomiting and diarrhoeal illnesses linked with insufficient hand-hygiene across 46 schools in the State of Gujarat since using the Germ’s Journey resources.
{"title":"The longitudinal effect of disseminating handwashing public health education to children in India via co-created, culturally relevant resources","authors":"Sapphire Crosby, S. Younie, Harnesh Vijay Ujenia, Katie Laird","doi":"10.1099/acmi.0.000677.v3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1099/acmi.0.000677.v3","url":null,"abstract":"Infectious diseases are a leading cause of death for children from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), often due to inadequate hand-hygiene. This study evaluates culturally relevant educational resources as a vehicle to disseminate the importance of handwashing amongst children in India. Employing a participatory action research (PAR) model and mixed methods, this follow-up longitudinal study evaluates a set of innovate educational handwashing resources and workshops specifically co-created for use in the State of Gujarat, and how they aid teachers in the teaching of hand-hygiene over a 3 year period. Working alongside local NGOs on-the-ground, teacher questionnaires (n=58) and focus groups including a brief questionnaire with teachers (n=35) were conducted to assess the impact of trainer workshops. In addition, pre- and post-workshop worksheets were conducted with children (n=98). Percentage change was calculated between children’s pre-and post-worksheet scores and a cumulative frequency of responses to each questionnaire criterion was measured. Data from the focus group found that the resources had been used in over 200 schools by more than 5000 children. In addition, 92.28 % of teachers said they would use the resources within their classrooms in India, with 58.16 % of pupils having an increased understanding of germs/handwashing directly after the workshop. Teachers reported that they are able to teach microbiology and handwashing more effectively. Furthermore, following a focus group, 100 % of teachers noted a reduction in childhood vomiting and diarrhoeal illnesses linked with insufficient hand-hygiene across 46 schools in the State of Gujarat since using the Germ’s Journey resources.","PeriodicalId":6956,"journal":{"name":"Access Microbiology","volume":"80 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139638302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1099/acmi.0.000655.v3
I. Pessi, Aino Rutanen, J. Hultman
Microbial communities in tundra soils remain largely unknown despite their important roles in the cycling of greenhouse gases. Here, we report 59 non-redundant metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) recovered from mineral tundra soils in Rásttigáisá, northern Norway. The MAGs were obtained by clustering contigs according to tetranucleotide frequency and differential coverage and were manually curated to remove contigs with outlying GC content and/or mean coverage. Most MAGs were assigned to the bacterial phyla Candidatus Dormibacterota (n=12), Verrucomicrobiota (n=10), and Acidobacteriota (n=9). All archaeal MAGs (n=4) belong to the genus Candidatus Nitrosopolaris (phylum Thermoproteota). The 59 Rásttigáisá MAGs expand our knowledge of the diversity and ecological roles of tundra microbiomes.
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Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1099/acmi.0.000742.v3
Julien Dénéréaz, J. Veening
To streamline the analysis and visualization of bacterial growth and gene expression data obtained by microtitre plate readers, we developed BactEXTRACT, an intuitive, easy-to-use R Shiny application. BactEXTRACT simplifies the transition from raw optical density, fluorescence and luminescence measurements to publication-ready plots. This package offers a user-friendly interface that reduces the complexity involved in growth curve and gene expression analysis and is generally applicable. BactEXTRACT is available at https://veeninglab.com/bactextract.
为了简化微孔板阅读器获得的细菌生长和基因表达数据的分析和可视化，我们开发了 BactEXTRACT，这是一款直观、易用的 R Shiny 应用程序。BactEXTRACT 简化了从原始光密度、荧光和发光测量到可用于发表的图表的转换过程。该软件包提供了友好的用户界面，降低了生长曲线和基因表达分析的复杂性，具有普遍适用性。BactEXTRACT 可从 https://veeninglab.com/bactextract 网站获取。
{"title":"BactEXTRACT: an R Shiny app to quickly extract, plot and analyse bacterial growth and gene expression data","authors":"Julien Dénéréaz, J. Veening","doi":"10.1099/acmi.0.000742.v3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1099/acmi.0.000742.v3","url":null,"abstract":"To streamline the analysis and visualization of bacterial growth and gene expression data obtained by microtitre plate readers, we developed BactEXTRACT, an intuitive, easy-to-use R Shiny application. BactEXTRACT simplifies the transition from raw optical density, fluorescence and luminescence measurements to publication-ready plots. This package offers a user-friendly interface that reduces the complexity involved in growth curve and gene expression analysis and is generally applicable. BactEXTRACT is available at https://veeninglab.com/bactextract.","PeriodicalId":6956,"journal":{"name":"Access Microbiology","volume":"208 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139636489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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