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Belgian position paper on implementing artificial intelligence in cardiology: a roadmap from theory to clinical practice. 比利时关于在心脏病学中实施人工智能的立场文件:从理论到临床实践的路线图。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-27 DOI: 10.1080/00015385.2025.2576441
Karl Dujardin, Louise Vander Heyde, Stephane Carlier, Philippe Bertrand, Pieter Koopman, Michal Nedoszytko, Rubén Casado-Arroyo, Peter De Jaeger

Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly revolutionising cardiovascular medicine, offering significant potential to enhance patient outcomes, streamline clinical workflows, and optimise healthcare resource utilisation. However, integrating AI effectively into routine cardiology practice requires overcoming substantial technical, ethical, regulatory, and economic challenges. This position paper provides Belgian cardiologists, healthcare policymakers, and clinical leaders with a clear, pragmatic roadmap for implementing predictive, generative, and agentic AI technologies. We highlight successful real-world examples, outline precise criteria for clinical validation, propose practical reimbursement strategies, and detail steps to address ethical and regulatory obligations, emphasising AI as augmented rather than artificial intelligence. Our goal is to facilitate the safe, effective, and ethical adoption of AI technologies to augment Belgian cardiology practice.

人工智能(AI)正在迅速改变心血管医学,为提高患者治疗效果、简化临床工作流程和优化医疗资源利用提供了巨大的潜力。然而,将人工智能有效地融入日常心脏病学实践需要克服大量的技术、伦理、监管和经济挑战。本立场文件为比利时心脏病专家、医疗政策制定者和临床领导者提供了实施预测性、生成性和代理人工智能技术的清晰、务实的路线图。我们强调了现实世界的成功案例,概述了临床验证的精确标准,提出了切实可行的报销策略,并详细说明了解决道德和监管义务的步骤,强调人工智能是增强的,而不是人工智能。我们的目标是促进安全、有效和道德地采用人工智能技术,以增强比利时心脏病学实践。
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引用次数: 0
Sex-specific differences between C-reactive protein and appendicular lean soft tissue index in heart failure: findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 心衰患者c反应蛋白和阑尾瘦软组织指数的性别差异:来自全国健康和营养检查调查的结果。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-05 DOI: 10.1080/00015385.2025.2595744
Konstantinos Prokopidis, Ziyi Zhong, Lewis Harding, Masoud Isanejad

Introduction: Heart failure (HF) is often accompanied by muscle wasting and elevated C-reactive protein (CRP). This study aimed to examine the association between CRP and appendicular lean soft tissue index (ALSTI) in patients with HF, focusing on potential sex differences.

Methods: Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 73 HF patients (36 males, 37 females) aged ≥18 years were analysed. ALSTI was calculated using lean soft tissue adjusted for height squared (kg/m2), and CRP was measured via latex-enhanced nephelometry; higher CRP defined as the top 50th percentile of the cohort. Linear regression models were employed to assess the association between CRP and ALSTI.

Results: Higher CRP was not associated with ALSTI in unadjusted models (p = 0.39), but fully adjusted models revealed a significant negative association (b = -0.41 kg/m2, 95% CI -0.79 to -0.02, p = 0.04). Sex-stratified analyses showed a link in males (b = -0.69 kg/m2, 95% CI -1.23 to -0.16, p = 0.01), but not females (p = 0.47). In patients ≥50 years, similar findings were shown (males → b = -0.70 kg/m2, 95%CI -1.33 - -0.08, p = 0.03; females → b = 0.69 kg/m2, 95%CI -1.59 - 2.96, p = 0.51). Elevated CRP demonstrated significantly negative female-male associations with ALSTI for both 18-59- and 50-59-year-olds (p < 0.01).

Conclusions: CRP is associated with ALSTI in males with HF, highlighting the need for sex-specific investigations through longitudinal and experimental studies.

心衰(HF)常伴有肌肉萎缩和c反应蛋白(CRP)升高。本研究旨在探讨心衰患者CRP与阑尾瘦软组织指数(ALSTI)之间的关系,重点关注潜在的性别差异。方法:采用全国健康与营养调查(NHANES)资料,对年龄≥18岁的HF患者73例(男36例,女37例)进行分析。ALSTI采用瘦软组织调整高度平方(kg/m2)计算,CRP采用乳胶增强浊度法测量;更高的CRP定义为队列的前50百分位。采用线性回归模型评估CRP与ALSTI之间的关系。结果:在未调整的模型中,较高的CRP与ALSTI无关(p = 0.39),但完全调整的模型显示出显著的负相关(b = -0.41 kg/m2, 95% CI -0.79至-0.02,p = 0.04)。性别分层分析显示,男性(b = -0.69 kg/m2, 95% CI -1.23至-0.16,p = 0.01)与此相关,但女性(p = 0.47)无关联。≥50岁的患者中也出现类似的结果(男性→b = -0.70 kg/m2, 95%CI -1.33 ~ -0.08, p = 0.03;女性→b = 0.69 kg/m2, 95%CI -1.59 ~ 2.96, p = 0.51)。在18-59岁和50-59岁的人群中,CRP升高与ALSTI呈显著负相关(p结论:CRP与HF男性ALSTI相关,强调了通过纵向和实验研究进行性别特异性调查的必要性。
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引用次数: 0
Precision and pragmatism in contemporary cardiology. 当代心脏病学的精确性和实用主义。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-02 DOI: 10.1080/00015385.2026.2617743
Patrizio Lancellotti, Cécile Oury

This editorial highlights key advances featured in the current issue of Acta Cardiologica, reflecting the shift toward more precise, personalized, and evidencebased cardiovascular care. Contributions span artificial intelligence, bedside clinical assessment, biomarker-driven risk stratification, lifestyle determinants, advanced imaging, and interventional cardiology. Together, they illustrate how emerging technologies can be effectively integrated with rigorous clinical judgment, while maintaining a pragmatic focus on real-world applicability. The collected studies emphasize the importance of human oversight, simple yet powerful diagnostic tools, and individualized risk assessment to optimize patient outcomes in contemporary cardiology practice.

这篇社论强调了最新一期《心脏学报》的主要进展,反映了向更精确、个性化和循证心血管护理的转变。贡献涵盖人工智能、床边临床评估、生物标志物驱动的风险分层、生活方式决定因素、先进成像和介入心脏病学。总之,它们说明了新兴技术如何有效地与严格的临床判断相结合,同时保持对现实世界适用性的务实关注。收集的研究强调了人类监督的重要性,简单而强大的诊断工具,以及个性化的风险评估,以优化当代心脏病学实践中的患者结果。
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引用次数: 0
Commentary on the role of non-invasive oscillometric methods in assessing aortic stiffness in subclinical hypothyroidism. 无创示波法在评估亚临床甲状腺功能减退患者主动脉僵硬度中的作用。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.1080/00015385.2025.2453800
Ramazan Aslan, Murat Özmen, Faik Özel, İsa Ardahanli
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引用次数: 0
Association between daily sitting time and heart attack and cardiovascular mortality: the mediation effects of serum osmolality. 每日久坐与心脏病发作和心血管疾病死亡率的关系:血清渗透压的中介作用。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-18 DOI: 10.1080/00015385.2025.2586187
Nan Chen, Song Wu, Bin Yu

Objective: This study aimed to explore the relationship between daily sitting time and the risk of heart attack and cardiovascular mortality, as well as the mediating effect of serum osmolality.

Methods: Data were collected from the 2007-2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, including sitting time and heart attack history from questionnaires, serum osmolality from lab tests, and death causes from follow-ups. Logistic regression and subgroup analyses were used to examine the relationships, while restricted cubic spline (RCS) was employed to analyze the mediating effect.

Results: Among 10,597 participants, heart attack and cardiovascular mortality increased with daily sitting time. The highest hazard ratio for cardiovascular mortality was observed in the group with the longest sitting time (G4). RCS analysis revealed that serum osmolality significantly mediated the risk of heart attack due to prolonged sitting. After a median follow-up of 6-7 years, the risk of heart attack death increased with sitting time, especially when serum osmolality was ≥277 mmol/kg. Subgroup analyses indicated that sitting time was significantly associated with heart attack risk, influenced by race, sex, education, poverty income ratio, smoking, drinking, and BMI.

Conclusions: Daily sitting time was significantly associated with the risk of heart attack and cardiovascular mortality; participants sitting ≥8 hours had a higher incidence than those sitting <4 hours. Serum osmolality plays a key mediating role in the impact of sitting time on heart attack development.

目的:探讨日常久坐时间与心脏病发作和心血管疾病死亡风险的关系,以及血清渗透压的中介作用。方法:数据收集自2007-2020年全国健康与营养调查,包括问卷中的坐着时间和心脏病发作史,实验室检测的血清渗透压和随访的死亡原因。采用Logistic回归和亚组分析检验其相关性,采用限制性三次样条(RCS)分析其中介效应。结果:在10597名参与者中,心脏病发作和心血管疾病死亡率随着每天久坐时间的增加而增加。静坐时间最长的一组心血管死亡风险比最高(G4)。RCS分析显示,血清渗透压显著调节久坐导致心脏病发作的风险。中位随访6-7年后,心脏病发作死亡的风险随着静坐时间的增加而增加,尤其是当血清渗透压≥277 mmol/kg时。亚组分析表明,久坐与心脏病发作风险显著相关,受种族、性别、教育程度、贫困收入比、吸烟、饮酒和身体质量指数的影响。结论:每天坐着的时间与心脏病发作和心血管疾病死亡风险显著相关;久坐≥8小时的受试者发病率高于久坐者
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引用次数: 0
Determining aetiology in dilated cardiomyopathy - does the 'cardiomyopathy blood panel' ameliorate clinical assessment? 确定扩张型心肌病的病因——“心肌病血清学”能改善临床评估吗?
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1080/00015385.2025.2595752
Robin Ap Weir, Claire Millarvie, Catherine Smith, Jacqueline McGuire, Joanne Simpson, Colin J Petrie

Background: An increasing number of medical conditions are recognised as causative factors in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Investigating aetiology in DCM is variable in extent among cardiologists and often not performed. We assessed the usefulness of a pre-specified blood panel in identifying an underlying cause in a population of DCM patients.

Methods: Non-ischaemic DCM patients were identified from sequential new patients with heart failure-reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) at a regional HF clinic over a 2 year period. Each patient underwent clinical assessment and a blood panel related to causes of DCM. The likely aetiology was documented after initial assessment, and reclassified where relevant when the blood panel results were reviewed.

Results: 55 non-ischaemic DCM patients (mean age 63.4 [9.2]yr, 54.5% male) were identified from 259 HFrEF patients. Mean LVEF was 31.3 (4.3)%. After clinical assessment 29 (52.7%) were classified as idiopathic. The commonest specific aetiologies were toxin-mediated (n = 8, 14.5%), genetic (n = 7, 12.7%) and inflammatory (n = 6, 10.9%). Review of blood panels resulted in reclassification in 3 (5.4%) and detection of unrelated medical conditions in 2 (3.6%).

Conclusions: Despite thorough clinical assessment, DCM remains idiopathic in at least half of cases. Adding an extensive blood panel identifies a specific aetiology in a small proportion of cases.

背景:越来越多的医学条件被认为是扩张型心肌病(DCM)的病因。心脏病专家对DCM病因的调查程度不一,通常不进行。我们评估了预先指定的血检在确定DCM患者群体潜在病因方面的有效性。方法:非缺血性DCM患者从连续新发心衰-降低射血分数(HFrEF)患者中被确定在一个地区HF诊所超过2年的时间。每位患者都进行了临床评估和与DCM病因相关的血检。初步评估后记录了可能的病因,并在审查血检结果时重新分类。结果:从259例HFrEF患者中发现55例非缺血性DCM患者(平均年龄63.4[9.2]岁,男性54.5%)。平均LVEF为31.3(4.3%)%。经临床评估,29例(52.7%)为特发性。最常见的特异性病因是毒素介导(n = 8, 14.5%)、遗传(n = 7, 12.7%)和炎症(n = 6, 10.9%)。复查血检导致3例(5.4%)重新分类,2例(3.6%)发现不相关的疾病。结论:尽管进行了彻底的临床评估,DCM在至少一半的病例中仍然是特发性的。在一小部分病例中,增加广泛的血检可确定特定的病因。
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引用次数: 0
Cardiac metastasis in squamous cell carcinoma of tongue. 舌鳞癌的心脏转移。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1080/00015385.2026.2620850
Gulbadin Mufti, A Shaheer Ahmed
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引用次数: 0
Attitudes of patients, relatives and professionals regarding deactivation of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators: a scoping review. 患者、亲属和专业人员对植入式心律转复除颤器失活的态度:一项范围审查。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1080/00015385.2026.2620233
Robin van Lier, Noah Stuyck, Patricia Poels, Bert Vandenberk, Rik Willems

Background: Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) are lifesaving devices that prevent sudden cardiac death in patients at risk of life-threatening arrhythmias. However, if ICDs are not deactivated in the terminal phase of life, they may deliver shocks that can pose a problem during end-of-life care. While guidelines recommend initiating discussions on ICD deactivation early, in practice these conversations often take place too late or not at all.

Methods: A scoping review aimed at three key groups (patients, relatives, and healthcare professionals) was performed based on a search of PubMed and Embase conducted on June 9, 2024, focusing on studies examining attitudes towards ICD deactivation. Studies were selected based on their relevance to the perspectives of patients, relatives, and healthcare professionals.

Results: 32 articles were included: 16 focused on patients, 10 on professionals, 3 on relatives, and 3 on combinations of study groups. Findings revealed significant knowledge gaps. Many patients and relatives were unaware that ICD deactivation was an option. Healthcare professionals felt they lacked confidence in initiating discussions, citing time constraints and discomfort. A preference for shared decision-making was identified, although preferences varied. There was no consensus on the optimal timing for these discussions. All groups reported ethical and legal concerns about ICD deactivation.

Conclusion: This review emphasises the need for individualised ICD deactivation discussions. Enhancing communication, education, and training for healthcare professionals is essential. Timely, ongoing conversations about ICD deactivation should be integrated into routine care, ensuring decisions align with patient values, especially in the final stages of life.

背景:植入式心律转复除颤器(ICDs)是一种挽救生命的装置,可以防止有危及生命的心律失常风险的患者发生心源性猝死。然而,如果在生命的最后阶段没有停用icd,它们可能会产生冲击,这可能会在临终关怀期间造成问题。虽然指南建议尽早启动ICD停用讨论,但在实践中,这些讨论往往进行得太晚或根本没有进行。方法:基于2024年6月9日进行的PubMed和Embase检索,对三个关键群体(患者、亲属和医疗保健专业人员)进行了范围审查,重点研究了对ICD停用的态度。研究是根据它们与患者、亲属和医疗保健专业人员的观点的相关性来选择的。结果:纳入32篇文章:16篇针对患者,10篇针对专业人员,3篇针对亲属,3篇针对联合研究组。调查结果显示了显著的知识差距。许多患者和家属不知道ICD失活是一种选择。医疗保健专业人士认为,由于时间限制和不适,他们对发起讨论缺乏信心。尽管偏好各不相同,但还是确定了共同决策的偏好。对于这些讨论的最佳时机没有达成共识。所有小组都报告了ICD停用的伦理和法律问题。结论:本综述强调了个体化ICD停用讨论的必要性。加强医疗保健专业人员的沟通、教育和培训至关重要。应将关于ICD停用的及时、持续的对话纳入常规护理,确保决策符合患者的价值观,特别是在生命的最后阶段。
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引用次数: 0
Severe mitral regurgitation with myocarditis and malignant eosinophilia with PDGFRB-NDE1 gene fusion. 合并PDGFRB-NDE1基因融合的严重二尖瓣反流合并心肌炎和恶性嗜酸性粒细胞增多症。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1080/00015385.2026.2620934
Mohamed El Mallouli, Ivan Dimov, Sohaib Mansour, Mohammed Mehdi Ngadi, Philippe Unger
{"title":"Severe mitral regurgitation with myocarditis and malignant eosinophilia with PDGFRB-NDE1 gene fusion.","authors":"Mohamed El Mallouli, Ivan Dimov, Sohaib Mansour, Mohammed Mehdi Ngadi, Philippe Unger","doi":"10.1080/00015385.2026.2620934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00015385.2026.2620934","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":6979,"journal":{"name":"Acta cardiologica","volume":" ","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146049904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Diuretics and muscle cramps: clinical relevance, mechanisms, and therapeutic approaches. 利尿剂和肌肉痉挛:临床相关性、机制和治疗方法。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1080/00015385.2026.2620932
Yalcin Velibey, Erkan Kahraman, Tolga Sinan Guvenc
{"title":"Diuretics and muscle cramps: clinical relevance, mechanisms, and therapeutic approaches.","authors":"Yalcin Velibey, Erkan Kahraman, Tolga Sinan Guvenc","doi":"10.1080/00015385.2026.2620932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00015385.2026.2620932","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":6979,"journal":{"name":"Acta cardiologica","volume":" ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146049969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Acta cardiologica
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