Membranes and Membrane Technologies最新文献

Influence of the Chemical Structure of Terminal Groups on the Properties of Poly(phenylene sulfone) Ultrafiltration Membranes 端基化学结构对聚苯砜超滤膜性能的影响

IF 1.6 Q2 Materials Science

Membranes and Membrane Technologies

Pub Date : 2024-05-09 DOI: 10.1134/s2517751624020069

D. N. Matveev, A. Yu. Raeva, A. A. Zhansitov, K. T. Shakhmurzova, Zh. I. Kurdanova, T. S. Anokhina, S. Yu. Khashirova, V. V. Volkov, I. L. Borisov

Abstract

For the first time, poly(phenylene sulfones) (PPSFs) with chlorine and hydroxyl terminal groups are synthesized and tested for casting high-performance flat-sheet ultrafiltration membranes. The synthesis of PPSFs is carried out in dimethylacetamide at various ratios of 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl and 4,4-dichlorodiphenyl sulfone monomers. Two samples with the predominant content of hydroxyl (PPSF-ОН) and chlorine (PPSF-Cl) terminal groups are studied by NMR spectroscopy, GPC, and DSC methods. The coagulation values of polymer solutions in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and the mechanical properties and hydrophilicity of polymer materials are determined. Both PPSF samples exhibit high tensile strength values at a level of 16 MPa. Using the method of precipitation of PPSF solutions in NMP with PEG-400 additives into water flat-sheet porous asymmetric membranes with a mesoporous (a pore diameter of about 7 nm) thin outer layer and fingerlike macropores in the substrate layer are obtained. An increase in the proportion of hydroxyl terminal groups enhances the hydrophilicity of the polymer. This, in turn, allows for the preparation of flat-sheet membranes from PPSF-ОН with a water permeability of 66 L/(m² h bar), which is 1.5 times higher than the water permeability of the PPSF-Cl membrane. Meanwhile, both membranes demonstrate a Blue Dextran (M_w = 70 000 g mol^–1) rejection of 99.9%.

摘要首次合成并测试了具有氯和羟基末端基团的聚亚苯基砜（PPSFs），用于铸造高性能平板超滤膜。PPSFs 在二甲基乙酰胺中以不同比例的 4,4'-二羟基二苯砜和 4,4-二氯二苯砜单体进行合成。通过核磁共振光谱、GPC 和 DSC 方法对羟基（PPSF-ОН）和氯（PPSF-Cl）末端基团含量占主导地位的两种样品进行了研究。此外，还测定了聚合物溶液在 N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮（NMP）中的凝固值以及聚合物材料的机械性能和亲水性。两种 PPSF 样品都显示出 16 兆帕的高拉伸强度值。通过将含有 PEG-400 添加剂的 NMP 中的 PPSF 溶液沉淀到水中的方法，获得了具有中孔（孔径约为 7 纳米）薄外层和指状大孔基底层的扁平片状多孔不对称膜。羟基末端基团比例的增加增强了聚合物的亲水性。这反过来又使 PPSF-ОН 制备的平板膜的透水性达到 66 升/（m2 h bar），是 PPSF-Cl 膜透水性的 1.5 倍。同时，这两种膜对蓝葡聚糖（Mw = 70 000 g mol-1）的排斥率都达到了 99.9%。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of Surface Modification with Cerium Oxide on the Transport Properties of Heterogeneous Anion Exchange Membranes MA-41 用氧化铈进行表面改性对异质阴离子交换膜 MA-41 传输特性的影响

IF 1.6 Q2 Materials Science

Membranes and Membrane Technologies

Pub Date : 2024-05-09 DOI: 10.1134/s2517751624020094

P. A. Yurova, I. A. Stenina, A. D. Manin, D. V. Golubenko, A. B. Yaroslavtsev

Abstract

Surface modification of heterogeneous MA-41 anion-exchange membranes with cerium oxide particles, including those with a surface functionalized with phosphoric acid groups, was carried out. The resulting composite membranes were characterized by SEM, TGA, IR spectroscopy, and voltammetry. For membranes in various ionic forms, their conductivity, the number of anion transfers, as well as the selective permeability coefficients of singly and doubly charged anions in the process of electrodialysis desalting were determined. The modifying layer of cerium oxide practically does not change the conductivity of the membranes, but increases their selectivity to singly charged anions. Thus, the value of the selective permeability coefficient (P({text{C}}{{{text{l}}}^{ - }}{text{/SO}}_{4}^{{2 - }})) of the modified MA-41 membrane increases from 0.82 to 1.01, and (P({text{NO}}_{3}^{ - }{text{/SO}}_{4}^{{2 - }})) increases from 1.38 to 1.60.

摘要用氧化铈颗粒对异质 MA-41 阴离子交换膜进行了表面改性，包括那些表面被磷酸基团功能化的颗粒。通过扫描电镜、热重分析、红外光谱和伏安法对得到的复合膜进行了表征。在电渗析脱盐过程中，测定了各种离子形式膜的电导率、阴离子转移次数以及单、双电荷阴离子的选择渗透系数。氧化铈改性层实际上不会改变膜的导电性，但会增加膜对单电荷阴离子的选择性。因此，改性后的 MA-41 膜的选择透过系数 (P({text{C}}{{text{l}}}^{ - }}{text{/SO}}_{4}^{{2 - }})) 值从 0.82增加到 1.01，P({text{NO}}_{3}^{ - }{text{/SO}}_{4}^{{2 - }})从 1.38 增加到 1.60。

引用次数: 0

Hemocompatibility of Promising for ECMO High Permeable Polyacetylenes 有望用于 ECMO 的高渗透性聚乙炔的血液相容性

IF 1.6 Q2 Materials Science

Membranes and Membrane Technologies

Pub Date : 2024-05-09 DOI: 10.1134/s2517751624020021

A. Yu. Alentiev, A. K. Evseev, S. M. Matson, V. P. Makrushin, S. V. Zhuravel, N. V. Borovkova, I. V. Goroncharovskaya, M. S. Makarov, M. V. Storozheva, I. N. Ponomarev, N. A. Belov

Abstract

A comprehensive study of hemocompatibility and gas permeability of 1,2-disubstituted polyacetylenes, namely poly(1-trimethylsilyl-1-propyne) and poly(4-methyl-2-pentyne), was carried out. The polymers were synthesized started from 1-trimethylsilyl-1-propyne and 4-methyl-2-pentynemonomers on the catalytic systems NbCl₅ and NbCl₅/n-Bu₄Sn to form homopolymers containing 50 and 55% cis-units, respectively. The comparison of the obtained polyacetylenes and the thermoplastic polyolefin, poly(4-methyl-1-pentene) that currently is widely used as a thin-film coating of hollow fiber membranes for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation of blood (ECMO), was performed. The investigated polymers are highly hemocompatible as shown by morphofunctional status of blood cells analysis and mesenchymal multipotent stromal bone marrow cells culture of tissue donors. In terms of hemocompatibility, poly(4-methyl-2-pentyne) was superior to poly(1-trimethylsilyl-1-propyne) and was comparable to poly(4-methyl-1-pentene). The studied polyacetylenes were shown to be significantly more permeable on oxygen and carbon dioxide than poly(4-methyl-1-pentene): poly(1-trimethylsilyl-1-propyne) is more permeable in 320 and 400 times, whereas poly(4-methyl-2-pentyne) is more permeable in 60 and 90 times, respectively. These parameters can significantly reduce the contact area of membranes with blood and reduce the size of oxygenators. Since poly(4-methyl-2-pentyne) has the high gas permeability in combination with the hemocompatibility comparable to poly(4-methyl-1-pentene), this polymer can be recommended as a promising material of a selective membrane layer for ECMO technology.

摘要对 1,2-二取代聚乙炔，即聚（1-三甲基硅基-1-丙炔）和聚（4-甲基-2-戊炔）的血液相容性和气体渗透性进行了综合研究。这些聚合物是从 1-三甲基硅基-1-丙炔和 4-甲基-2-戊炔单体在 NbCl5 和 NbCl5/n-Bu4Sn 催化体系上开始合成的，形成的均聚物分别含有 50% 和 55% 的顺式单体。比较了所获得的聚乙炔和热塑性聚烯烃聚（4-甲基-1-戊烯），后者目前被广泛用作体外膜肺氧合（ECMO）中空纤维膜的薄膜涂层。血细胞形态功能状态分析和组织捐献者的间充质多能基质骨髓细胞培养结果表明，所研究的聚合物具有很高的血液相容性。在血液相容性方面，聚（4-甲基-2-戊炔）优于聚（1-三甲基硅基-1-丙炔），与聚（4-甲基-1-戊烯）相当。研究表明，聚乙炔对氧气和二氧化碳的渗透性明显高于聚（4-甲基-1-戊烯）：聚（1-三甲基硅基-1-丙炔）的渗透性分别为 320 倍和 400 倍，而聚（4-甲基-2-戊炔）的渗透性分别为 60 倍和 90 倍。这些参数可以大大减少膜与血液的接触面积，缩小氧合器的体积。由于聚（4-甲基-2-戊烯）具有高气体渗透性，且与血液相容性与聚（4-甲基-1-戊烯）相当，因此可推荐将这种聚合物作为 ECMO 技术选择性膜层的理想材料。

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引用次数: 0

Prospects for the Development of Hydrogen Energy. Polymer Membranes for Fuel Cells and Electrolyzers 氢能源的发展前景。用于燃料电池和电解槽的聚合物膜

IF 1.6 Q2 Materials Science

Membranes and Membrane Technologies

Pub Date : 2024-05-09 DOI: 10.1134/s2517751624010050

I. A. Stenina, A. B. Yaroslavtsev

Abstract

Due to the increased attention to hydrogen energy and the fact that many countries adopted the programs for its development, the question on the prospects for this area becomes relevant. Initially, Russian hydrogen energy development program was focused on producing hydrogen from natural gas. However, owing to the changed international situation and the declared course to the use of “green” hydrogen, the production of which is not associated with the emission of carbon oxides, special attention should obviously be paid to the development of fuel cells (FC) and electrolyzers. In this review, the main advantages and disadvantages of fuel cells of various types are considered. Today, the most developed industry is low-temperature fuel cells based on proton-conducting membranes (proton-exchange membrane fuel cells in English literature). At the same time, fuel cells based on anion-exchange membranes with OH^–-ion conductivity are also promising. Their key advantage is the possibility of using significantly cheaper non-perfluorinated membranes and platinum-free catalysts. Considerable attention in the review is paid to fuel cells operating at elevated temperatures. The second part of this review discusses in detail the membranes currently used in these devices and promising materials that can replace them in the near future.

摘要由于氢能日益受到关注，而且许多国家都通过了氢能开发计划，因此该领域的前景问题变得十分重要。最初，俄罗斯氢能发展计划的重点是利用天然气制氢。然而，由于国际形势的变化，以及已宣布的使用 "绿色 "氢气（其生产与碳氧化物的排放无关）的路线，显然应特别关注燃料电池（FC）和电解槽的发展。本综述考虑了各种类型燃料电池的主要优缺点。目前，最发达的行业是基于质子传导膜的低温燃料电池（英文文献中为质子交换膜燃料电池）。同时，基于具有 OH 离子传导性的阴离子交换膜的燃料电池也很有前景。它们的主要优点是可以使用便宜得多的无全氟膜和无铂催化剂。本综述相当关注在高温下运行的燃料电池。综述的第二部分详细讨论了目前在这些设备中使用的膜，以及在不久的将来可以取代它们的有前途的材料。

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引用次数: 0

Interlayer Resistance of a Bilayer Membrane to Gas Transport 双层膜的层间气体传输阻力

IF 1.6 Q2 Materials Science

Membranes and Membrane Technologies

Pub Date : 2024-05-09 DOI: 10.1134/s2517751624010062

V. V. Ugrozov

Abstract

To describe gas transport through a bilayer membrane with a thin selective layer on the surface of a highly permeable gutter layer, it is for the first time proposed to take into account the interlayer resistance arising at the boundary of two membrane layers and a model of gas transport through a bilayer membrane is developed. Analytical expressions for the permeability and selectivity of such a membrane are obtained taking into account this resistance. It is shown that interlayer resistance can noticeably affect the transport characteristics of the membrane. It is found that, even in the case of a low diffusion resistance to gas transport of the gutter layer, its sorption and kinetic parameters affect the permeability and selectivity of the membrane as a whole.

摘要为了描述气体通过双层膜的传输情况，首次提出要考虑在两层膜边界产生的层间阻力，并建立了气体通过双层膜传输的模型。考虑到这种阻力，我们得到了这种膜的渗透性和选择性的分析表达式。结果表明，层间阻力会明显影响膜的传输特性。研究发现，即使水沟层的气体传输扩散阻力较低，其吸附和动力学参数也会影响整个膜的渗透性和选择性。

引用次数: 0

Testing of Polymer Film–Sulfonated Polystyrene Proton-Exchange Composite Membranes in a Direct Methanol Fuel Cell at 60°C. Methanol Crossover 在 60°C 直接甲醇燃料电池中测试聚合物薄膜-磺化聚苯乙烯质子交换复合膜。甲醇交叉

IF 1.6 Q2 Materials Science

Membranes and Membrane Technologies

Pub Date : 2024-05-09 DOI: 10.1134/s2517751624020045

D. A. Kritskaya, K. S. Novikova, E. A. Sanginov, A. N. Ponomarev

Abstract

The coefficients of diffusion permeability of methanol through the synthesized polymer film–sulfonated polystyrene composite membranes and a Nafion-115 membrane are measured. For several composite membranes with significantly different transport properties, the values of the diffusion flux of methanol q_diff through these membranes under the conditions of a direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) at 60°C and a concentration of the feed solution of 1–2 M are calculated. Direct measurements of the crossover current and methanol crossover q_CVA in a DMFC based on these membranes are carried out by cyclic voltammetry (CVA). It is found that the values of q_CVA are on average by 15% lower than the corresponding values of q_diff calculated for each membrane based on its individual parameters (area, thickness, permeability coefficient of methanol). It is proposed to explain the observed ratio q_CVA < q_diff by the experimentally uncontrolled and, probably, incomplete oxidation of methanol at the cathode. It can be concluded based on the obtained data that the experimental values of the crossover q_CVA can noticeably differ from calculated q_diff and real values of methanol crossover in a DMFC without monitoring the degree of oxidation of methanol at the DMFC cathode. A comparative study of the current–voltage characteristics of DMFCs based on the synthesized composite membranes with significantly different transport properties and a Nafion-115 membrane is carried out. It is found that, at 60°C and a concentration of the feed solution of 1 M, the value of methanol crossover has practically no effect on the current–voltage characteristics of the DMFCs.

摘要测量了甲醇通过合成的聚合物膜-磺化聚苯乙烯复合膜和 Nafion-115 膜的扩散渗透系数。对于几种具有明显不同传输特性的复合膜，计算了在 60°C 直接甲醇燃料电池（DMFC）条件和 1-2 M 给料溶液浓度下甲醇通过这些膜的扩散通量 qdiff 值。通过循环伏安法（CVA）直接测量了基于这些膜的 DMFC 中的交叉电流和甲醇交叉qCVA。结果发现，qCVA 值比根据每种膜的个别参数（面积、厚度、甲醇渗透系数）计算出的相应 qdiff 值平均低 15%。有人提出，观察到的 qCVA < qdiff 比值可以用实验中无法控制的、可能是阴极甲醇的不完全氧化来解释。根据所获得的数据可以得出结论，在不监测 DMFC 阴极甲醇氧化程度的情况下，DMFC 中甲醇交叉的实验值 qCVA 与计算值 qdiff 和实际值会有明显差异。对基于具有明显不同传输特性的合成复合膜和 Nafion-115 膜的 DMFC 的电流-电压特性进行了比较研究。研究发现，在温度为 60°C、给料溶液浓度为 1 M 的条件下，甲醇交叉值对 DMFC 的电流-电压特性几乎没有影响。

{"title":"Testing of Polymer Film–Sulfonated Polystyrene Proton-Exchange Composite Membranes in a Direct Methanol Fuel Cell at 60°C. Methanol Crossover","authors":"D. A. Kritskaya, K. S. Novikova, E. A. Sanginov, A. N. Ponomarev","doi":"10.1134/s2517751624020045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s2517751624020045","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3>The coefficients of diffusion permeability of methanol through the synthesized polymer film–sulfonated polystyrene composite membranes and a Nafion-115 membrane are measured. For several composite membranes with significantly different transport properties, the values of the diffusion flux of methanol qdiff through these membranes under the conditions of a direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) at 60°C and a concentration of the feed solution of 1–2 M are calculated. Direct measurements of the crossover current and methanol crossover qCVA in a DMFC based on these membranes are carried out by cyclic voltammetry (CVA). It is found that the values of qCVA are on average by 15% lower than the corresponding values of qdiff calculated for each membrane based on its individual parameters (area, thickness, permeability coefficient of methanol). It is proposed to explain the observed ratio qCVA < qdiff by the experimentally uncontrolled and, probably, incomplete oxidation of methanol at the cathode. It can be concluded based on the obtained data that the experimental values of the crossover qCVA can noticeably differ from calculated qdiff and real values of methanol crossover in a DMFC without monitoring the degree of oxidation of methanol at the DMFC cathode. A comparative study of the current–voltage characteristics of DMFCs based on the synthesized composite membranes with significantly different transport properties and a Nafion-115 membrane is carried out. It is found that, at 60°C and a concentration of the feed solution of 1 M, the value of methanol crossover has practically no effect on the current–voltage characteristics of the DMFCs.","PeriodicalId":700,"journal":{"name":"Membranes and Membrane Technologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140939548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transport and Structural Characteristics of Heterogeneous Ion-Exchange Membranes with Varied Dispersity of the Ion Exchanger 离子交换剂分散度不同的异质离子交换膜的传输和结构特征

IF 1.6 Q2 Materials Science

Membranes and Membrane Technologies

Pub Date : 2024-05-09 DOI: 10.1134/s2517751624020082

V. I. Vasil’eva, E. E. Meshcheryakova, O. I. Chernyshova, M. A. Brovkina, I. V. Falina, E. M. Akberova, S. V. Dobryden’

Abstract

The structural and transport (conductivity, diffusion permeability) properties of cation- and anion-exchange membranes with varied dispersity of ion-exchange resin particles are studied in the work. Experimental MK-40 cation-exchange and MA-41 anion-exchange membranes with variable particle size of the ion-exchange resin of <20 to <71 μm were manufactured at LLC IE Shchekinoazot (Russia). A comparative analysis of the structural characteristics of the membranes by SEM reveals the anisotropy in the properties of the surface and section. The internal phase of the membrane is characterized by high values of the fraction and sizes of the ion exchanger and macroporosity. A comparison of the concentration dependences of the specific conductivity and diffusion permeability of the experimental membranes is performed. The analysis of the values of the model transport-structural parameters shows that an increase in the conductivity of the gel phase from 0.39 up to 0.47 S/m and from 0.15 up to 0.26 S/m for cation- and anion-exchange membranes, respectively, as well as redistribution of current transfer paths in the membrane are observed in the case of a decrease in the particle size of the ion exchanger. An increase in the contribution from transfer of the internal equilibrium solution along the channel is revealed; here, the transfer numbers of counterions slightly change. Information about the changes in the structure of the transport channels in membranes with different particle sizes of the ion exchanger obtained based on the analysis of the model parameters is consistent with the data of independent studies of the morphology of their surface and section by SEM.

摘要研究了离子交换树脂颗粒分散度不同的阳离子和阴离子交换膜的结构和传输（导电性、扩散渗透性）特性。实验用的 MK-40 阳离子交换膜和 MA-41 阴离子交换膜是在 LLC IE Shchekinoazot（俄罗斯）生产的，离子交换树脂的颗粒大小从 20 微米到 71 微米不等。通过扫描电子显微镜对膜的结构特征进行比较分析，发现膜的表面和截面具有各向异性。膜内相的特点是离子交换剂和大孔的比例和尺寸值较高。对实验膜的比电导率和扩散渗透率的浓度依赖性进行了比较。对模型传输结构参数值的分析表明，阳离子交换膜和阴离子交换膜的凝胶相电导率分别从 0.39 S/m 增加到 0.47 S/m，从 0.15 S/m 增加到 0.26 S/m，在离子交换剂颗粒尺寸减小的情况下，膜中的电流传输路径也会重新分布。内部平衡溶液沿通道转移的贡献增加；在此，反离子的转移数量略有变化。根据对模型参数的分析获得的关于不同离子交换剂粒度的膜中传输通道结构变化的信息，与通过扫描电子显微镜对其表面和截面形态进行独立研究的数据是一致的。

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引用次数: 0

Poly(urethane-imides) and Poly(ester-imides) as Promising Materials for Gas Separation and Pervaporation Membranes 聚（氨基甲酸乙酯-酰亚胺）和聚（酯-酰亚胺）作为气体分离和渗透膜的理想材料

IF 1.6 Q2 Materials Science

Membranes and Membrane Technologies

Pub Date : 2024-05-09 DOI: 10.1134/s2517751624010037

A. L. Didenko, A. S. Nesterova, T. S. Anokhina, I. L. Borisov, V. V. Kudryavtsev

Abstract—

This review focuses on the separation properties of membranes based on poly(urethane-imides)—modern products of the chemical modification of polyimides and polyurethanes. The membrane properties of poly(urethane-imides) are reviewed in terms of their chemical design. Membranes based on multiblock (segmented) polymers, polyimides crosslinked by polyurethanes, hybrid poly(urethane-imide) materials, and poly(urethane-imides) subjected to the selective destruction of urethane blocks are considered. The main directions of synthesis of membrane poly(urethane-imides) are described, and reactants and reaction conditions are presented. The transport and separation properties of poly(urethane-imide) membranes in separation, pervaporation, and ultrafiltration processes are addressed in detail. Applications of poly(urethane-imide) membranes are discussed. The review provides insight into the importance of poly(urethane-imide) gas separation and pervaporation membranes for separation processes.

摘要--本综述侧重于基于聚（氨基甲酸乙酯-酰亚胺）--聚酰亚胺和聚氨酯化学改性的现代产品--的膜的分离特性。文章从化学设计的角度对聚（氨基甲酸乙酯-酰亚胺）膜的性能进行了综述。研究考虑了基于多嵌段（分段）聚合物、聚氨酯交联聚酰亚胺、混合聚（氨基甲酸乙酯-酰亚胺）材料和选择性破坏氨基甲酸乙酯嵌段的聚（氨基甲酸乙酯-酰亚胺）的膜。介绍了合成膜聚（氨基甲酸乙酯-酰亚胺）的主要方向，以及反应物和反应条件。详细介绍了聚（氨基甲酸乙酯-酰亚胺）膜在分离、渗透和超滤过程中的传输和分离特性。还讨论了聚（氨基甲酸乙酯-酰亚胺）膜的应用。该综述让人们深入了解了聚（氨基甲酸乙酯-酰亚胺）气体分离和渗透膜在分离过程中的重要性。

引用次数: 0

Separation of Oil-in-Water Emulsion by Polyamide Membranes Treated with Corona Discharge Plasma 用电晕放电等离子体处理聚酰胺膜分离水包油型乳液

IF 1.6 Q2 Materials Science

Membranes and Membrane Technologies

Pub Date : 2024-05-09 DOI: 10.1134/s2517751624010049

V. O. Dryakhlov, I. G. Shaikhiev, D. D. Fazullin, I. R. Nizameev, M. F. Galikhanov, I. F. Mukhamadiev

Abstract

Study has been carried out on the separation of oil–water emulsion using polyamide membranes with a pore size of 0.2 μm treated with corona discharge plasma at a voltage of 5–25 kV for 1–5 min. An increase in the productivity and efficiency of separation of oil–water emulsion with corona-treated polyamide membranes has been revealed. An increase in roughness and a change in the chemical structure of the modified membranes are shown.

摘要使用孔径为 0.2 μm 的聚酰胺膜，在 5-25 kV 的电压下进行 1-5 分钟的电晕放电等离子处理，对油水乳液的分离进行了研究。经电晕处理的聚酰胺膜提高了油水乳液的生产率和分离效率。改性膜的粗糙度增加，化学结构发生变化。

引用次数: 0

Modeling of Ion Transport in a Three-Layer System with an Ion-Exchange Membrane Based on the Nernst–Planck and Displacement Current Equations 基于 Nernst-Planck 和位移电流方程的离子交换膜三层系统中的离子传输模型

IF 1.6 Q2 Materials Science

Membranes and Membrane Technologies

Pub Date : 2024-05-09 DOI: 10.1134/s2517751624010074

A. M. Uzdenova

Abstract

Modeling of ion transport in a three-layer system containing an ion-exchange membrane and two adjacent diffusion layers makes it possible to describe the permselectivity of the membrane by determining its fixed charge density. For theoretical analysis of ion transport in such systems, the Nernst–Planck and Poisson equations are widely used. The article shows that, in the galvanodynamic mode of operation of the membrane system when the density of the flowing current is specified, the Poisson equation in the ion transport model can be replaced by the equation for the displacement current. A new model is constructed in the form of a boundary value problem for the system of the Nernst–Planck and displacement current equations, based on which the concentrations of ions, electric field strength, space charge density, and chronopotentiogram of the ion-exchange membrane and adjacent diffusion layers in a direct current mode are numerically calculated. The calculation results of the proposed model are in a good agreement with the results of the modeling based on the previously described approach using the Nernst–Planck and Poisson equations as well as with the analytical assessment of the transition time. It is shown that, in the case of the three-layer geometry of the problem, the required accuracy of the numerical calculation using the proposed model is achieved with a smaller number of computational mesh elements and takes less (about 26.7-fold for the system parameters under consideration) processor time in comparison with the model based on the Nernst–Planck and Poisson equations.

摘要在包含离子交换膜和两个相邻扩散层的三层系统中建立离子传输模型，可以通过确定膜的固定电荷密度来描述膜的永久选择性。在对这类系统中的离子传输进行理论分析时，广泛使用的是 Nernst-Planck 和 Poisson 方程。文章表明，在膜系统的电动力运行模式中，当流动电流密度被指定时，离子传输模型中的泊松方程可以被位移电流方程所取代。我们以内斯特-普朗克方程和位移电流方程系统的边界值问题形式构建了一个新模型，并在此基础上对直流模式下离子交换膜和相邻扩散层的离子浓度、电场强度、空间电荷密度和时变图进行了数值计算。所提议模型的计算结果与基于先前描述的方法（使用 Nernst-Planck 和 Poisson 方程）的建模结果以及过渡时间的分析评估结果非常一致。研究表明，在三层几何问题的情况下，与基于 Nernst-Planck 和 Poisson 方程的模型相比，使用所提出模型的数值计算只需较少的计算网格元素就能达到所需的精度，并且所需的处理器时间也较少（对于所考虑的系统参数，约为 26.7 倍）。

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引用次数: 0