Suctorian ciliate Trematosoma rotunda (Allgen, 1952) is reported here for the first time as epibiont on a harpacticoid copepod collected from Mandovi river estuarine mouth, Goa, west coast of India, Arabian Sea. The description of the species, synonymy, data on species distribution and host taxa are also presented in this study.
{"title":"Report of Trematosoma rotunda (Ciliophora, Suctorea) as epibiont on harpacticoid copepod from western Indian coast","authors":"T. Chatterjee, I. Dovgal, M. Jadhav, M. Nanajkar","doi":"10.18276/AB.2020.27-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18276/AB.2020.27-10","url":null,"abstract":"Suctorian ciliate Trematosoma rotunda (Allgen, 1952) is reported here for the first time as epibiont on a harpacticoid copepod collected from Mandovi river estuarine mouth, Goa, west coast of India, Arabian Sea. The description of the species, synonymy, data on species distribution and host taxa are also presented in this study.","PeriodicalId":7009,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biologica Hungarica","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79448310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Valdecasas, R. García-Jiménez, Mercedes Marín F.-Campoamor
Sorting of freshwater invertebrate samples is best done while the animals are still alive. However, sorting in the field generally means less overall sampling can be done in the allotted time. Placing samples under cold conditions has been the traditional way to extend the life of the organisms contained within them. In this work, we evaluated whether the addition of a centrifugation step extends the survival time of organisms post-sampling, thus providing more time for sorting. Three salad spinners were tested for their capacity to extract water from samples. Additional observations were made on the compaction of samples due to excessive centrifugation. We conclude that adding a short centrifugation step of 30 seconds prolongs the life of several freshwater invertebrate taxa, including Hydrachnidia, Nematoda and Ostracoda. Furthermore, when fixation of samples in the field is necessary, centrifugation reduces the amount of fixative to be added to the samples to reach a certain concentration. Fixed samples can also be centrifuged, which may be particularly relevant when sampling abroad as inflam-mable liquids are often prohibited on planes. In our experience, centrifuging fixed samples does not compromise the fixed organisms, or their genetic material.
{"title":"A note on centrifugation for improving freshwater invertebrate sample conservation","authors":"A. Valdecasas, R. García-Jiménez, Mercedes Marín F.-Campoamor","doi":"10.18276/AB.2020.27-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18276/AB.2020.27-03","url":null,"abstract":"Sorting of freshwater invertebrate samples is best done while the animals are still alive. However, sorting in the field generally means less overall sampling can be done in the allotted time. Placing samples under cold conditions has been the traditional way to extend the life of the organisms contained within them. In this work, we evaluated whether the addition of a centrifugation step extends the survival time of organisms post-sampling, thus providing more time for sorting. Three salad spinners were tested for their capacity to extract water from samples. Additional observations were made on the compaction of samples due to excessive centrifugation. We conclude that adding a short centrifugation step of 30 seconds prolongs the life of several freshwater invertebrate taxa, including Hydrachnidia, Nematoda and Ostracoda. Furthermore, when fixation of samples in the field is necessary, centrifugation reduces the amount of fixative to be added to the samples to reach a certain concentration. Fixed samples can also be centrifuged, which may be particularly relevant when sampling abroad as inflam-mable liquids are often prohibited on planes. In our experience, centrifuging fixed samples does not compromise the fixed organisms, or their genetic material.","PeriodicalId":7009,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biologica Hungarica","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75737098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Baban Shravan Ingole, Biswajit Chakraborty, T. Chatterjee, I. Dovgal
The suctorian ciliate Thecacineta calix is reported off the coast of Panama, Florida (USA) epibiont on meiobenthic harpacticoid copepod. This is the first report of T. calix from Florida coast. The length of stalk in the present specimens, epibiont on harpacticoids, ranged from one seventh to one eighth of the lorica length.
{"title":"New record of Thecacineta calix (Ciliophora, Suctorea) from Florida coast, Gulf of Mexico","authors":"Baban Shravan Ingole, Biswajit Chakraborty, T. Chatterjee, I. Dovgal","doi":"10.18276/AB.2020.27-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18276/AB.2020.27-13","url":null,"abstract":"The suctorian ciliate Thecacineta calix is reported off the coast of Panama, Florida (USA) epibiont on meiobenthic harpacticoid copepod. This is the first report of T. calix from Florida coast. The length of stalk in the present specimens, epibiont on harpacticoids, ranged from one seventh to one eighth of the lorica length.","PeriodicalId":7009,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biologica Hungarica","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73660829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lagovirus europaeus GI.1 (Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease Virus – RHDV) is a virus that causes rabbit haemorrhagic disease (RHD) that affects domestic and wild rabbits worldwide. Due to the fact that the impact of RHDV on the host organism, and more precisely, its influence on the immune system, is crucial for the spread of this infection in rabbits, it is very important to understand the role of the immune system components in the course of infection with this virus. The aim of the study was to present innate and adaptive immune response to three strains (V411, 1092V, Wika) of the Lagovirus europaeus GI.1 (RHDV) identified at different times. Twelve indices were examined for the innate immune response and nine for the adaptive response. The results indicate that PMN cells (polymorphonuclear cells, neutrophils) play an important role in the response to this infection and give new insights into the function of CD4+ Th and CD8+ Tc lymphocytes. The most immunogenic was the Wika strain from 1996.
{"title":"Changes in innate and adaptive immune response to Lagovirus europaeus GI.1 (Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease Virus -RHDV) infection","authors":"B. Hukowska-Szematowicz","doi":"10.18276/AB.2020.27-08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18276/AB.2020.27-08","url":null,"abstract":"Lagovirus europaeus GI.1 (Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease Virus – RHDV) is a virus that causes rabbit haemorrhagic disease (RHD) that affects domestic and wild rabbits worldwide. Due to the fact that the impact of RHDV on the host organism, and more precisely, its influence on the immune system, is crucial for the spread of this infection in rabbits, it is very important to understand the role of the immune system components in the course of infection with this virus. The aim of the study was to present innate and adaptive immune response to three strains (V411, 1092V, Wika) of the Lagovirus europaeus GI.1 (RHDV) identified at different times. Twelve indices were examined for the innate immune response and nine for the adaptive response. The results indicate that PMN cells (polymorphonuclear cells, neutrophils) play an important role in the response to this infection and give new insights into the function of CD4+ Th and CD8+ Tc lymphocytes. The most immunogenic was the Wika strain from 1996.","PeriodicalId":7009,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biologica Hungarica","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74526136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trichodinids are probably the most commonly encountered protozoan parasites on fishes in marine and freshwater environments. They are typically found on the gills, skin and fins of fish. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and mean intensity of Trichodina sp. in freshwater fish from cyprinid aquaculture facilities in Macedonia. This study was carried out by seasons, in a period of three years. A total of 578 specimens of common carp (Cyprinus carpio, Linnaeus 1758), 76 specimens of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella, Valenciennes 1844), 47 specimens of silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Valenciennes, 1844) and 53 specimens of bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis, Richardson, 1845) from the most significant and larger cyprinid aquaculture facilities in Macedonia, including fish farms and reservoirs, were examined for parasitological investigations. Infestation with Trichodina sp. was found in 206 specimens of common carp in all aquaculture facilities examined, in all seasons, as well as, in 9 specimens of grass carp from two fish farms, only in autumn season. Total, the prevalence with Trichodina sp. was 11.84% (grass carp) and 35.67% (common carp), while the, mean intensity was 7.56 (grass carp) and 4.56 (common carp). The prevalence with Trichodina sp. in common carp by season was as following: spring – 11.82%, summer – 3.44%, autumn – 7.85%, winter – 7.05%, while the mean intensity was: spring – 4.55; summer – 4.67; autumn – 4.40; winter – 4.72. Our findings of Trichodina sp. in grass carp in the present study is considered as the first record in Macedonia. Also, this fish species is regarded as new host for Trichodina sp. in Macedonian waters.
{"title":"Ectoparasitic species of the genus Trichodina (Ciliophora: Peritrichida) parasitizing Macedonian freshwater fish","authors":"D. Blazhekovikj-Dimovska, S. Stojanovski","doi":"10.18276/AB.2020.27-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18276/AB.2020.27-02","url":null,"abstract":"Trichodinids are probably the most commonly encountered protozoan parasites on fishes in marine and freshwater environments. They are typically found on the gills, skin and fins of fish. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and mean intensity of Trichodina sp. in freshwater fish from cyprinid aquaculture facilities in Macedonia. This study was carried out by seasons, in a period of three years. A total of 578 specimens of common carp (Cyprinus carpio, Linnaeus 1758), 76 specimens of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella, Valenciennes 1844), 47 specimens of silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Valenciennes, 1844) and 53 specimens of bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis, Richardson, 1845) from the most significant and larger cyprinid aquaculture facilities in Macedonia, including fish farms and reservoirs, were examined for parasitological investigations. Infestation with Trichodina sp. was found in 206 specimens of common carp in all aquaculture facilities examined, in all seasons, as well as, in 9 specimens of grass carp from two fish farms, only in autumn season. Total, the prevalence with Trichodina sp. was 11.84% (grass carp) and 35.67% (common carp), while the, mean intensity was 7.56 (grass carp) and 4.56 (common carp). The prevalence with Trichodina sp. in common carp by season was as following: spring – 11.82%, summer – 3.44%, autumn – 7.85%, winter – 7.05%, while the mean intensity was: spring – 4.55; summer – 4.67; autumn – 4.40; winter – 4.72. Our findings of Trichodina sp. in grass carp in the present study is considered as the first record in Macedonia. Also, this fish species is regarded as new host for Trichodina sp. in Macedonian waters.","PeriodicalId":7009,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biologica Hungarica","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74619469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Pawlikowska-Warych, B. Tokarz-Deptuła, Paulina Czupryńska, W. Deptuła
In the article, we presented a brief description of the Archaea, considering their structure, physiology and systematics. Based on the analysis of the literature, we bring closer the mechanism of biofilm formation, including extracellular polymeric substances as well as cellular organelles, such as archaella, pili and ‘hami’. The method of forming a biofilm depends on the type of Archaea and the environment in which it naturally lives. We are also introducing the phenomenon of quorum-sensing, as a mechanism of communication of Archaea in the environment. This phenomenon corresponds to similar molecules as bacteria, namely acylated homoserines lactones, QS peptides, autoinducer-2 and -3 and others. In the case of biofilms and the occurrence of the phenomenon of quorum sensing, it can be concluded that these phenomena are very important for the life of Archaea. The phenomena described seem to be conservative, because both in Archaea and Bacteria are regulated by the same mechanisms.
{"title":"Biofilm and Quorum Sensing in Archaea","authors":"M. Pawlikowska-Warych, B. Tokarz-Deptuła, Paulina Czupryńska, W. Deptuła","doi":"10.18276/ab.2019.26-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18276/ab.2019.26-04","url":null,"abstract":"In the article, we presented a brief description of the Archaea, considering their structure, physiology and systematics. Based on the analysis of the literature, we bring closer the mechanism of biofilm formation, including extracellular polymeric substances as well as cellular organelles, such as archaella, pili and ‘hami’. The method of forming a biofilm depends on the type of Archaea and the environment in which it naturally lives. We are also introducing the phenomenon of quorum-sensing, as a mechanism of communication of Archaea in the environment. This phenomenon corresponds to similar molecules as bacteria, namely acylated homoserines lactones, QS peptides, autoinducer-2 and -3 and others. In the case of biofilms and the occurrence of the phenomenon of quorum sensing, it can be concluded that these phenomena are very important for the life of Archaea. The phenomena described seem to be conservative, because both in Archaea and Bacteria are regulated by the same mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":7009,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biologica Hungarica","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84996300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Pawlikowska-Warych, Paulina Czupryńska, B. Tokarz-Deptuła, W. Deptuła
Investigations of bacteriophages showed that in the environment are mostly in water, but in small municipal lakes sporadically been studied. Previous studies of bacteriophages in the aqueous environment related to the determination of the quantity and diversity and use them as indicators of water pollution. In the last study probably of the most important are the F-specific and somatic bacteriophages specific to E. coli. In our study examined them in a small municipal lake in Szczecin (Poland) in context of occurrence of F-specific and somatic bacteriophages specific to E. coli with used of SAL method. We proved that count of bacteriophages in this water tank is lower in context of different waters, but the relation between the amounts of this viruses and environments condition (air and water temperature) were similar to results observed in waters of seas, rivers and lakes.
{"title":"Somatic and F-specific bacteriophages in waters of the small, municipal Rusałka Lake in Szczecin","authors":"M. Pawlikowska-Warych, Paulina Czupryńska, B. Tokarz-Deptuła, W. Deptuła","doi":"10.18276/ab.2019.26-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18276/ab.2019.26-05","url":null,"abstract":"Investigations of bacteriophages showed that in the environment are mostly in water, but in small municipal lakes sporadically been studied. Previous studies of bacteriophages in the aqueous environment related to the determination of the quantity and diversity and use them as indicators of water pollution. In the last study probably of the most important are the F-specific and somatic bacteriophages specific to E. coli. In our study examined them in a small municipal lake in Szczecin (Poland) in context of occurrence of F-specific and somatic bacteriophages specific to E. coli with used of SAL method. We proved that count of bacteriophages in this water tank is lower in context of different waters, but the relation between the amounts of this viruses and environments condition (air and water temperature) were similar to results observed in waters of seas, rivers and lakes.","PeriodicalId":7009,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biologica Hungarica","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75991188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Scanning electron microscopic observations of some characters of Acarothrix grandocularis Chatterjee, Marshall, Guru, Ingole, Pešić 2012 is presented. Distribution and characters of spe- cies belonging to the genus Acarothrix are also discussed.
{"title":"Scanning electron microscopic observation of Acarothrix grandocularis (Acari, Halacaridae) and notes on the species of the genus Acarothrix","authors":"T. Chatterjee","doi":"10.18276/ab.2019.26-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18276/ab.2019.26-10","url":null,"abstract":"Scanning electron microscopic observations of some characters of Acarothrix grandocularis Chatterjee, Marshall, Guru, Ingole, Pešić 2012 is presented. Distribution and characters of spe- cies belonging to the genus Acarothrix are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":7009,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biologica Hungarica","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84297124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. I. Abubakar, I. Adeshina, I. Abdulraheem, S. Abdulsalami
Indiscriminate use of Sniper 1000EC has become a serious problem among local fishermen in the Northern parts of Niger state. Juveniles of Clarias gariepinus (mean body weight 23.34 ±0.05 g; mean standard length, 20.00 ±0.45 cm) were subjected to 5 treatment levels of 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 mg/l. The tissue damages were observed majorly at 15 and 20 mg/l of sniper 1000EC exposed fish species. Oedema and hyperplasia were observed in the gills of the exposed groups. Hepatocellular steatosis and vacuolations were observed in the livers. Tubular nephrosis and hyperplasias of epithelial cells were also observed in the kidney. It is concluded that alterations in gills, livers and kidney of the exposed fish species were consequences of exposure to the toxicant (sniper 1000EC). It is recommended that the use of Sniper 1000EC by local fishermen be banned to save the aquatic environment from destruction.
{"title":"Histopathology of the gills, livers and kidney of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) exposed to sniper 1000EC under laboratory conditions","authors":"M. I. Abubakar, I. Adeshina, I. Abdulraheem, S. Abdulsalami","doi":"10.18276/ab.2019.26-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18276/ab.2019.26-02","url":null,"abstract":"Indiscriminate use of Sniper 1000EC has become a serious problem among local fishermen in the Northern parts of Niger state. Juveniles of Clarias gariepinus (mean body weight 23.34 ±0.05 g; mean standard length, 20.00 ±0.45 cm) were subjected to 5 treatment levels of 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 mg/l. The tissue damages were observed majorly at 15 and 20 mg/l of sniper 1000EC exposed fish species. Oedema and hyperplasia were observed in the gills of the exposed groups. Hepatocellular steatosis and vacuolations were observed in the livers. Tubular nephrosis and hyperplasias of epithelial cells were also observed in the kidney. It is concluded that alterations in gills, livers and kidney of the exposed fish species were consequences of exposure to the toxicant (sniper 1000EC). It is recommended that the use of Sniper 1000EC by local fishermen be banned to save the aquatic environment from destruction.","PeriodicalId":7009,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biologica Hungarica","volume":"115 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80802372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Report of Rhombognathus scutulatus (Acari: Halacaridae) from Goa, India","authors":"T. Chatterjee, M. Nanajkar","doi":"10.18276/ab.2019.26-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18276/ab.2019.26-11","url":null,"abstract":"Rhombognathus scutulatus Bartsch is reported here from Goa, India. World distribution of this species is also provided.","PeriodicalId":7009,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biologica Hungarica","volume":"316 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77096860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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