Hyojun Kim, S. Seshadri, Clem Dickey, Lawrence Chiu
Storage devices based on Phase Change Memory (PCM) devices are beginning to generate considerable attention in both industry and academic communities. But whether the technology in its current state will be a commercially and technically viable alternative to entrenched technologies such as flash-based SSDs still remains unanswered. To address this it is important to consider PCM SSD devices not just from a device standpoint, but also from a holistic perspective. This paper presents the results of our performance measurement study of a recent all-PCM SSD prototype. The average latency for 4 KB random read is 6.7 ?s, which is about 16x faster than a comparable eMLC flash SSD. The distribution of I/O response times is also much narrower than the flash SSD for both reads and writes. Based on real-world workload traces, we model a hypothetical storage device which consists of flash, HDD, and PCM to identify the combinations of device types that offer the best performance within cost constraints. Our results show that - even at current price points - PCM storage devices show promise as a new component in multi-tiered enterprise storage systems.
{"title":"Phase change memory in enterprise storage systems: silver bullet or snake oil?","authors":"Hyojun Kim, S. Seshadri, Clem Dickey, Lawrence Chiu","doi":"10.1145/2626401.2626418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2626401.2626418","url":null,"abstract":"Storage devices based on Phase Change Memory (PCM) devices are beginning to generate considerable attention in both industry and academic communities. But whether the technology in its current state will be a commercially and technically viable alternative to entrenched technologies such as flash-based SSDs still remains unanswered. To address this it is important to consider PCM SSD devices not just from a device standpoint, but also from a holistic perspective.\u0000 This paper presents the results of our performance measurement study of a recent all-PCM SSD prototype. The average latency for 4 KB random read is 6.7 ?s, which is about 16x faster than a comparable eMLC flash SSD. The distribution of I/O response times is also much narrower than the flash SSD for both reads and writes. Based on real-world workload traces, we model a hypothetical storage device which consists of flash, HDD, and PCM to identify the combinations of device types that offer the best performance within cost constraints. Our results show that - even at current price points - PCM storage devices show promise as a new component in multi-tiered enterprise storage systems.","PeriodicalId":7046,"journal":{"name":"ACM SIGOPS Oper. Syst. Rev.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78822847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
HotDep 2013 was held November 3, 2013 in Farmington, PA, co-located with the ACM Symposium on Operating Systems Principles. HotDep targets cutting-edge research ideas spanning the domains of systems and fault tolerance, drawing from the two associated research communities (i.e., researchers who attend traditional “dependability” conference, and those who attend“systems”conferences). The workshop is intended to build links between the two communities and serve as a forum for sharing ideas and challenges. More information about the HotDep workshop series is available online at http://www.hotdep.org/. HotDep 2013 received 21 submissions from 11 countries world-wide. Co-chaired by Christian Cachin and Robbert van Renesse, a program committee of fifteen members provided each paper with three reviews and selected 11 papers (from 8 countries) for presentation. While this constitutes a high acceptance ratio of over 50%, we feel that the overall quality of the accepted papers was much higher than what this number suggests for an average conference or workshop. As we had actively solicited contributions as program chairs, the submitted sample has been well above average in terms of quality and interest. The papers represented a nice balance between papers from academia, from industry, and combined. All accepted papers are published in the ACM Digital Library. The workshop took place in one of the many nice conference rooms at the Nemacolin Woodlands Resort, which could be reached from the hotel lobby after following a convoluted sequence of hallways and stairs. The room gave a pretty view into the surrounding woodlands under the clear November sky. HotDep had 33 registered participants, but several people signed up for other workshops attended some of the talks as well and participated in the subsequent discussions. The audience peaked at close to 50 people during the keynote talk. 2. PROGRAM
HotDep 2013于2013年11月3日在宾夕法尼亚州法明顿举行，与ACM操作系统原理研讨会同时举行。HotDep以跨越系统和容错领域的前沿研究思想为目标，从两个相关的研究社区(即，参加传统“可靠性”会议的研究人员和参加“系统”会议的研究人员)中汲取经验。该讲习班旨在建立两个社区之间的联系，并作为交流想法和挑战的论坛。有关HotDep研讨会系列的更多信息，请访问http://www.hotdep.org/。HotDep 2013收到了来自全球11个国家的21份参赛作品。由Christian Cachin和robert van Renesse共同担任主席的项目委员会由15名成员组成，对每篇论文进行三次评审，并从8个国家中选出11篇论文进行展示。虽然这构成了超过50%的高接受率，但我们认为被接受论文的整体质量远远高于这个数字表明的平均会议或研讨会。由于我们作为项目主席积极征求意见，提交的样本在质量和兴趣方面都远远高于平均水平。这些论文代表了学术界、工业界和两者之间的良好平衡。所有被录用的论文将在ACM数字图书馆发表。研讨会在Nemacolin Woodlands度假村众多漂亮的会议室之一举行，可以从酒店大堂经过复杂的走廊和楼梯到达会议室。在11月晴朗的天空下，从房间里可以看到周围树林的美丽景色。HotDep有33名注册参与者，但也有一些注册了其他研讨会的人参加了一些讲座，并参与了随后的讨论。在主题演讲期间，观众人数达到了接近50人的高峰。2. 程序
{"title":"Workshop Report: HotDep 2013 - The 9th workshop on hot topics in dependable systems","authors":"C. Cachin, R. V. Renesse","doi":"10.1145/2626401.2627955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2626401.2627955","url":null,"abstract":"HotDep 2013 was held November 3, 2013 in Farmington, PA, co-located with the ACM Symposium on Operating Systems Principles. HotDep targets cutting-edge research ideas spanning the domains of systems and fault tolerance, drawing from the two associated research communities (i.e., researchers who attend traditional “dependability” conference, and those who attend“systems”conferences). The workshop is intended to build links between the two communities and serve as a forum for sharing ideas and challenges. More information about the HotDep workshop series is available online at http://www.hotdep.org/. HotDep 2013 received 21 submissions from 11 countries world-wide. Co-chaired by Christian Cachin and Robbert van Renesse, a program committee of fifteen members provided each paper with three reviews and selected 11 papers (from 8 countries) for presentation. While this constitutes a high acceptance ratio of over 50%, we feel that the overall quality of the accepted papers was much higher than what this number suggests for an average conference or workshop. As we had actively solicited contributions as program chairs, the submitted sample has been well above average in terms of quality and interest. The papers represented a nice balance between papers from academia, from industry, and combined. All accepted papers are published in the ACM Digital Library. The workshop took place in one of the many nice conference rooms at the Nemacolin Woodlands Resort, which could be reached from the hotel lobby after following a convoluted sequence of hallways and stairs. The room gave a pretty view into the surrounding woodlands under the clear November sky. HotDep had 33 registered participants, but several people signed up for other workshops attended some of the talks as well and participated in the subsequent discussions. The audience peaked at close to 50 people during the keynote talk. 2. PROGRAM","PeriodicalId":7046,"journal":{"name":"ACM SIGOPS Oper. Syst. Rev.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76107948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Leite, R. Guerra, Rivalino Matias, A. A. Fröhlich
{"title":"Brazilian symposium on computer system engineering, November 2013","authors":"J. Leite, R. Guerra, Rivalino Matias, A. A. Fröhlich","doi":"10.1145/2626401.2627749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2626401.2627749","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7046,"journal":{"name":"ACM SIGOPS Oper. Syst. Rev.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85663500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The story behind the first SIGOPS Dennis M. Ritchie doctoral dissertation award","authors":"R. V. Renesse","doi":"10.1145/2626401.2626421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2626401.2626421","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7046,"journal":{"name":"ACM SIGOPS Oper. Syst. Rev.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72630794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As the Program Co-Chairs for HotPower 2013, we are delighted to have this opportunity and write a few words about the workshop, especially three selected papers presented there. Started in 2009 by Feng Zhao, HotPower, a.k.aWorkshop on Power-Aware Computing and Systems, has provided a forum in which researchers and practitioners present the latest research and debate directions, challenges, and novel ideas about building energy-efficient computing systems. It has been co-located with either SOSP or OSDI, mainly attracting people who build and manage systems; and 2013 was its fifth occurrence. We received 38 submissions in 2013, reviewed primarily by a Program Committee (PC) of 17. The PC members came from both industry and academia roughly 50-50; their expertise collectively covered a wide range of computing systems from sensors to data centers and from micro architecture to human factors. The submissions were reviewed in a single round; most of them received four or more reviews. After some on-line discussion, 19 submissions went into a half-day virtual PC meeting; and 13 of them were accepted for the workshop program. The 13 accepted papers were representative of the submissions with authors from four continents. They came from both academia and industry roughly 50-50. The workshop ran for a day started by a keynote by Ranveer Chandra from Microsoft Research about the energy optimization work he had transferred to Microsoft’s products, and ended by a panel discussion about the energy efficiency of data centers with Rini Kaushik (IBM Research), Brian Lewis (Intel Labs), and Jie Liu (Microsoft Research). The workshop drew a loyal crowd that filled the room as shown by Figure 1. The authors of one paper were not able to attend the workshop physically due to visa issues but stayed up overnight to present their paper and answer questions from the other side of the globe, via Skype. It is usually a tough job for PC chairs to select a few papers to represent a technical program. We had an easy one: we ranked the accepted papers by their average overall scores by reviewers and the top three are the ones we picked. They coincidentally covered all three major aspects of power : thermal management, energy supply, and battery lifetime. They also covered Figure 1: Aaron Carroll from NICTA presenting one of the three selected papers in the last session of the workshop (Courtesy of Feng Zhao)
{"title":"Fuel, fans, and cores - An introduction to selected papers from HotPower 2013","authors":"Kushagra Vaid, Lin Zhong","doi":"10.1145/2626401.2627737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2626401.2627737","url":null,"abstract":"As the Program Co-Chairs for HotPower 2013, we are delighted to have this opportunity and write a few words about the workshop, especially three selected papers presented there. Started in 2009 by Feng Zhao, HotPower, a.k.aWorkshop on Power-Aware Computing and Systems, has provided a forum in which researchers and practitioners present the latest research and debate directions, challenges, and novel ideas about building energy-efficient computing systems. It has been co-located with either SOSP or OSDI, mainly attracting people who build and manage systems; and 2013 was its fifth occurrence. We received 38 submissions in 2013, reviewed primarily by a Program Committee (PC) of 17. The PC members came from both industry and academia roughly 50-50; their expertise collectively covered a wide range of computing systems from sensors to data centers and from micro architecture to human factors. The submissions were reviewed in a single round; most of them received four or more reviews. After some on-line discussion, 19 submissions went into a half-day virtual PC meeting; and 13 of them were accepted for the workshop program. The 13 accepted papers were representative of the submissions with authors from four continents. They came from both academia and industry roughly 50-50. The workshop ran for a day started by a keynote by Ranveer Chandra from Microsoft Research about the energy optimization work he had transferred to Microsoft’s products, and ended by a panel discussion about the energy efficiency of data centers with Rini Kaushik (IBM Research), Brian Lewis (Intel Labs), and Jie Liu (Microsoft Research). The workshop drew a loyal crowd that filled the room as shown by Figure 1. The authors of one paper were not able to attend the workshop physically due to visa issues but stayed up overnight to present their paper and answer questions from the other side of the globe, via Skype. It is usually a tough job for PC chairs to select a few papers to represent a technical program. We had an easy one: we ranked the accepted papers by their average overall scores by reviewers and the top three are the ones we picked. They coincidentally covered all three major aspects of power : thermal management, energy supply, and battery lifetime. They also covered Figure 1: Aaron Carroll from NICTA presenting one of the three selected papers in the last session of the workshop (Courtesy of Feng Zhao)","PeriodicalId":7046,"journal":{"name":"ACM SIGOPS Oper. Syst. Rev.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81529531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Distributed systems are usually modeled by a set of distributed processes spread over a number of networked computers. Such processes communicate and synchronize themselves by message passing through communication channels. Processes and communication channels can be characterized by synchronous or asynchronous timeliness behavior, according to the characteristics of underlying systems (operating system and communication sub-system). Unlike conventional distributed systems, the timeliness characteristics of dynamic and hybrid distributed systems may vary over time, according to the availability of resources and occurrence of failures. Such systems are becoming common today because of the increasing diversity and heterogeneity of computer networks and associated devices. Due to their high complexity, these systems are difficult to test or verify. In this paper, we introduce a novel simulation tool for such environments, where distinct fault models and timeliness properties can be dynamically assigned to processes and communication channels. Such a tool is meant not only for protocol evaluation but also for prototyping, allowing code reuse in real applications.
{"title":"A performance evaluation tool for hybrid and dynamic distributed systems","authors":"A. E. S. Freitas, R. Macêdo","doi":"10.1145/2626401.2626404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2626401.2626404","url":null,"abstract":"Distributed systems are usually modeled by a set of distributed processes spread over a number of networked computers. Such processes communicate and synchronize themselves by message passing through communication channels. Processes and communication channels can be characterized by synchronous or asynchronous timeliness behavior, according to the characteristics of underlying systems (operating system and communication sub-system). Unlike conventional distributed systems, the timeliness characteristics of dynamic and hybrid distributed systems may vary over time, according to the availability of resources and occurrence of failures. Such systems are becoming common today because of the increasing diversity and heterogeneity of computer networks and associated devices. Due to their high complexity, these systems are difficult to test or verify. In this paper, we introduce a novel simulation tool for such environments, where distinct fault models and timeliness properties can be dynamically assigned to processes and communication channels. Such a tool is meant not only for protocol evaluation but also for prototyping, allowing code reuse in real applications.","PeriodicalId":7046,"journal":{"name":"ACM SIGOPS Oper. Syst. Rev.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87848764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emerging non-volatile storage (e.g., Phase Change Memory, STTRAM) allow access to persistent data at latencies an order of magnitude lower than SSDs. The density and price gap between NVMs and denser storage make NVM economically most suitable as a cache for larger, more conventional storage (i.e., NAND flashbased SSDs and disks). Existing storage caching architectures (even those that use fast flash-based SSDs) introduce significant software overhead that can obscure the performance benefits of faster memories. We propose Bankshot, a caching architecture that allows cache hits to bypass the OS (and the associated software overheads) entirely, while relying on the OS for heavy-weight operations like servicing misses and performing write backs. We evaluate several design decisions in Bankshot including different cache management policies and different levels of hardware, software support for tracking dirty data and maintaining meta-data. We find that with hardware support Bankshot can offer upto 5x speedup over conventional caching systems.
{"title":"Bankshot: caching slow storage in fast non-volatile memory","authors":"Meenakshi Sundaram Bhaskaran, Jian Xu, S. Swanson","doi":"10.1145/2626401.2626417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2626401.2626417","url":null,"abstract":"Emerging non-volatile storage (e.g., Phase Change Memory, STTRAM) allow access to persistent data at latencies an order of magnitude lower than SSDs. The density and price gap between NVMs and denser storage make NVM economically most suitable as a cache for larger, more conventional storage (i.e., NAND flashbased SSDs and disks). Existing storage caching architectures (even those that use fast flash-based SSDs) introduce significant software overhead that can obscure the performance benefits of faster memories. We propose Bankshot, a caching architecture that allows cache hits to bypass the OS (and the associated software overheads) entirely, while relying on the OS for heavy-weight operations like servicing misses and performing write backs. We evaluate several design decisions in Bankshot including different cache management policies and different levels of hardware, software support for tracking dirty data and maintaining meta-data. We find that with hardware support Bankshot can offer upto 5x speedup over conventional caching systems.","PeriodicalId":7046,"journal":{"name":"ACM SIGOPS Oper. Syst. Rev.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77485990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper proposes a cost-effective and reliable SSD host cache solution that we call SRC (SSD RAID Cache). Costeffectiveness is brought about by using multiple low-cost SSDs and reliability is enhanced through RAID-based data redundancy. RAID, however, is managed in a log-structured manner on multiple SSDs effectively eliminating the detrimental read-modify-write operations found in conventional RAID-5. Within the proposed framework, we also propose to eliminate parity blocks for stripes that are composed of clean blocks as the original data resides in primary storage. We also propose the use of destaging, instead of garbage collection, to make space in the cache when the SSD cache is full. We show that the proposed techniques have significant implications on the performance of the cache and lifetime of the SSDs that comprise the cache. Finally, we study various ways in which stripes can be formed based on data and parity block allocation policies. Our experimental results using different realistic I/O workloads show using the SRC scheme is on average 59% better than the conventional SSD cache scheme supporting RAID-5. In case of lifetime, our results show that SRC reduces the erase count of the SSD drives by an average of 47% compared to the RAID-5 scheme.
{"title":"Improving performance and lifetime of the SSD RAID-based host cache through a log-structured approach","authors":"Y. Oh, Jongmoo Choi, Donghee Lee, S. Noh","doi":"10.1145/2626401.2626419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2626401.2626419","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a cost-effective and reliable SSD host cache solution that we call SRC (SSD RAID Cache). Costeffectiveness is brought about by using multiple low-cost SSDs and reliability is enhanced through RAID-based data redundancy. RAID, however, is managed in a log-structured manner on multiple SSDs effectively eliminating the detrimental read-modify-write operations found in conventional RAID-5. Within the proposed framework, we also propose to eliminate parity blocks for stripes that are composed of clean blocks as the original data resides in primary storage. We also propose the use of destaging, instead of garbage collection, to make space in the cache when the SSD cache is full. We show that the proposed techniques have significant implications on the performance of the cache and lifetime of the SSDs that comprise the cache. Finally, we study various ways in which stripes can be formed based on data and parity block allocation policies. Our experimental results using different realistic I/O workloads show using the SRC scheme is on average 59% better than the conventional SSD cache scheme supporting RAID-5. In case of lifetime, our results show that SRC reduces the erase count of the SSD drives by an average of 47% compared to the RAID-5 scheme.","PeriodicalId":7046,"journal":{"name":"ACM SIGOPS Oper. Syst. Rev.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73149363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In order to minimize the container server power consumption, a new cooling system that incorporates fan-less servers and freshair cooling is proposed. In a conventional container data center, the required air flow for sever cooling is supplied by both server built-in fans and container facility fans. Therefore, this work has been carried out on fan-less servers to reduce power consumption. Although fanless servers are expected to reduce power consumption, facility fans have to provide excessive air to secure a safe operation of servers. In order to achieve optimized air-flow from facility fans to cool fan-less servers, a power saving control system incorporating the IT system and cooling facilities is proposed. Here, facility fans are controlled based on server information such as CPU temperature, rack position and so on. Through this study, we suggest that the minimum point in total power consumption of the container server with no performance penalty existed by the trade-off relationship between the power consumption changes of servers and of facility fans with CPU temperature. This enables us to operate the server system with minimized power consumption depending on the air temperature. To verify the energy-saving effect of this technology, a prototype container server with the proposed system was constructed. As a result, 22.8% energy saving was achieved with this new system, compared with the conventional container servers with built-in fans.
{"title":"Cooperative control architecture of fan-less servers and fresh-air cooling in container servers for low power operation","authors":"Hiroshi Endo, H. Kodama, Hiroyuki Fukuda, Toshio Sugimoto, Takashi Horie, Masao Kondo","doi":"10.1145/2626401.2626409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2626401.2626409","url":null,"abstract":"In order to minimize the container server power consumption, a new cooling system that incorporates fan-less servers and freshair cooling is proposed. In a conventional container data center, the required air flow for sever cooling is supplied by both server built-in fans and container facility fans. Therefore, this work has been carried out on fan-less servers to reduce power consumption. Although fanless servers are expected to reduce power consumption, facility fans have to provide excessive air to secure a safe operation of servers. In order to achieve optimized air-flow from facility fans to cool fan-less servers, a power saving control system incorporating the IT system and cooling facilities is proposed. Here, facility fans are controlled based on server information such as CPU temperature, rack position and so on. Through this study, we suggest that the minimum point in total power consumption of the container server with no performance penalty existed by the trade-off relationship between the power consumption changes of servers and of facility fans with CPU temperature. This enables us to operate the server system with minimized power consumption depending on the air temperature. To verify the energy-saving effect of this technology, a prototype container server with the proposed system was constructed. As a result, 22.8% energy saving was achieved with this new system, compared with the conventional container servers with built-in fans.","PeriodicalId":7046,"journal":{"name":"ACM SIGOPS Oper. Syst. Rev.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81295222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The workshop on diversity in systems research 2013","authors":"Christopher Stewart, Vishakha Gupta","doi":"10.1145/2626401.2626422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2626401.2626422","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7046,"journal":{"name":"ACM SIGOPS Oper. Syst. Rev.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80833571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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