Pub Date : 2020-05-09DOI: 10.13170/aijst.9.1.16622
M. Ramli, S. Saiful, Febriani Febriani, Amraini Amraini, Fathurrahmi Fathurrahmi, Shellatina Shellatina, C. F. Zuhra
Realizing abundant availability of local bovine bone wastes in Aceh Province, Indonesia, this study is subjected to take competitive advantages from the local bovine bone waste for preparing an inorganic catalyst preparation. In detail, calcined Aceh bovine bones were successfully intercalated lithium through an impregnation method resulting in the inorganic base catalyst, which showed promising activity in the transesterification of castor oil. Prior to the experiment, the Aceh bovine bone waste was calcined at 900 oC in the air atmosphere for 4 hours, led to forming crystalline phases of hydroxyapatite [Ca5(PO4)3(OH)] and calcium oxide [CaO]. Also, the chemical modification of calcined bovine bone with lithium precursor has enhanced the physicochemical properties of the inorganic base catalyst. Finally, the intercalated Aceh bovine bone has shown a feasible activity in transesterification of castor oil into biodiesel, which yielding methyl ricinoleate as the main product.
{"title":"Calcined Aceh Bovine Bone (Bos indicus) Intercalated Lithium as An Inorganic Base Catalyst for Transesterification of Castor Oil","authors":"M. Ramli, S. Saiful, Febriani Febriani, Amraini Amraini, Fathurrahmi Fathurrahmi, Shellatina Shellatina, C. F. Zuhra","doi":"10.13170/aijst.9.1.16622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13170/aijst.9.1.16622","url":null,"abstract":"Realizing abundant availability of local bovine bone wastes in Aceh Province, Indonesia, this study is subjected to take competitive advantages from the local bovine bone waste for preparing an inorganic catalyst preparation. In detail, calcined Aceh bovine bones were successfully intercalated lithium through an impregnation method resulting in the inorganic base catalyst, which showed promising activity in the transesterification of castor oil. Prior to the experiment, the Aceh bovine bone waste was calcined at 900 oC in the air atmosphere for 4 hours, led to forming crystalline phases of hydroxyapatite [Ca5(PO4)3(OH)] and calcium oxide [CaO]. Also, the chemical modification of calcined bovine bone with lithium precursor has enhanced the physicochemical properties of the inorganic base catalyst. Finally, the intercalated Aceh bovine bone has shown a feasible activity in transesterification of castor oil into biodiesel, which yielding methyl ricinoleate as the main product.","PeriodicalId":7128,"journal":{"name":"Aceh International Journal of Science and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46049884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-30DOI: 10.13170/aijst.9.1.13297
A. Haryanto, Amieria Citra Gita, T. Saputra, M. Telaumbanua
This research aims to study the first-order kinetics of biodiesel production from used frying oil (UFO) through transesterification with methanol. Used frying oil was collected from fried peddlers around the campus of the University of Lampung. Technical grade methanol and NaOH catalyst were purchased from a local chemical supplier. The experiment was carried out with 100 ml of UFO at various combinations of oil to methanol molar ratio (1:4, 1:5, and 1:6), reaction temperatures(30 to 55oC, the ramping temperature of 5o C), and reaction time of 0.25 to 10 minutes. First-order kinetic was employed using 126 data pairs (87.5%). The acquired kinetic model was validated using 18 data sets (12.5%) observed at a reaction time of eight min. Results show that biodiesel yield was increased with reaction time, its molar ratio, and temperature. The maximum return of 78.44% was achieved at 55oC and molar ratio of 1:6. The kinetic analysis obtains the reaction rate constant (k) in the range of 0.045 to 0.130. The value of k increases with the reaction temperature and molar ratio. The analysis also reveals the average activation energy (Ea) of the UFO transesterification reaction with methanol and NaOH catalyst to be 21.59 kJ/mol. First-order kinetic is suitable to predict biodiesel yield from UFO because of low %RMSE (3.39%) and high R2 (0.8454
{"title":"Kinetics of Biodiesel Synthesis Using Used Frying Oil through Transesterification Reaction","authors":"A. Haryanto, Amieria Citra Gita, T. Saputra, M. Telaumbanua","doi":"10.13170/aijst.9.1.13297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13170/aijst.9.1.13297","url":null,"abstract":"This research aims to study the first-order kinetics of biodiesel production from used frying oil (UFO) through transesterification with methanol. Used frying oil was collected from fried peddlers around the campus of the University of Lampung. Technical grade methanol and NaOH catalyst were purchased from a local chemical supplier. The experiment was carried out with 100 ml of UFO at various combinations of oil to methanol molar ratio (1:4, 1:5, and 1:6), reaction temperatures(30 to 55oC, the ramping temperature of 5o C), and reaction time of 0.25 to 10 minutes. First-order kinetic was employed using 126 data pairs (87.5%). The acquired kinetic model was validated using 18 data sets (12.5%) observed at a reaction time of eight min. Results show that biodiesel yield was increased with reaction time, its molar ratio, and temperature. The maximum return of 78.44% was achieved at 55oC and molar ratio of 1:6. The kinetic analysis obtains the reaction rate constant (k) in the range of 0.045 to 0.130. The value of k increases with the reaction temperature and molar ratio. The analysis also reveals the average activation energy (Ea) of the UFO transesterification reaction with methanol and NaOH catalyst to be 21.59 kJ/mol. First-order kinetic is suitable to predict biodiesel yield from UFO because of low %RMSE (3.39%) and high R2 (0.8454","PeriodicalId":7128,"journal":{"name":"Aceh International Journal of Science and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48164531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-30DOI: 10.13170/aijst.9.1.16405
S. Sugiarto, Lulusi Lulusi, C. Mutiawati, S. Saleh, Qurrata A'yuni, Irham Iskandar
Urban bus reform so-called Trans Koetaradja (TK) is regarded as a potential urban transport policy aiming at alleviating autos traffic congestion and mitigating highly private mode dependency in Banda Aceh, Indonesia. The new bus system proposed by the Government has been operated since early 2018, and it remains free of fare services due to subsidy provide by the Government as the bus corridors have been expanded the budget getting escalating year by year. To reduce the burden of subsidies, the Government intends to drop monetary aid by applying full fare for the bus. However, declining the subsidy could affect bus ridership, especially low-income households whose captive riders may not afford the ticket. It hypothesizes that the travel cost budget (TCB) has significantly influenced the ability to pay for a particular household to afford the bus fare. The TCB for this study defines the maximum amount of money allocated by a specific family for their transportation within a month. Therefore, this study is aiming at exploring factors that effecting the households' transportation expenditures, taking into account household life stages (HLS) among TK' bus users. The use of revealed preference data obtained in 2019, the regression analysis of the ordinary least square (OLS) method, was used to calibrate and teste the exogenous variables across HLS. To simplify, the HLS in this study is segmented as early, middle, and established HLS. The distribution of TCB across HLS revealed that the share of transport expenditure on average to their monthly income had shared about 10-11 %. The finding from the OLS indicates that the variables of the female gender, monthly income, and the number of owned motorcycles have significant contributions to the TCB. The most significant finding is the impact of monthly income on the TCB across HLS. It exhibited early, and middle HLS has shown more spending share on income compared to the established HLS
{"title":"An Exploration of Factor Affecting Household’s Travel Cost Budget Considering Household Life Stages Applying to Urban Bus Ridership","authors":"S. Sugiarto, Lulusi Lulusi, C. Mutiawati, S. Saleh, Qurrata A'yuni, Irham Iskandar","doi":"10.13170/aijst.9.1.16405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13170/aijst.9.1.16405","url":null,"abstract":"Urban bus reform so-called Trans Koetaradja (TK) is regarded as a potential urban transport policy aiming at alleviating autos traffic congestion and mitigating highly private mode dependency in Banda Aceh, Indonesia. The new bus system proposed by the Government has been operated since early 2018, and it remains free of fare services due to subsidy provide by the Government as the bus corridors have been expanded the budget getting escalating year by year. To reduce the burden of subsidies, the Government intends to drop monetary aid by applying full fare for the bus. However, declining the subsidy could affect bus ridership, especially low-income households whose captive riders may not afford the ticket. It hypothesizes that the travel cost budget (TCB) has significantly influenced the ability to pay for a particular household to afford the bus fare. The TCB for this study defines the maximum amount of money allocated by a specific family for their transportation within a month. Therefore, this study is aiming at exploring factors that effecting the households' transportation expenditures, taking into account household life stages (HLS) among TK' bus users. The use of revealed preference data obtained in 2019, the regression analysis of the ordinary least square (OLS) method, was used to calibrate and teste the exogenous variables across HLS. To simplify, the HLS in this study is segmented as early, middle, and established HLS. The distribution of TCB across HLS revealed that the share of transport expenditure on average to their monthly income had shared about 10-11 %. The finding from the OLS indicates that the variables of the female gender, monthly income, and the number of owned motorcycles have significant contributions to the TCB. The most significant finding is the impact of monthly income on the TCB across HLS. It exhibited early, and middle HLS has shown more spending share on income compared to the established HLS","PeriodicalId":7128,"journal":{"name":"Aceh International Journal of Science and Technology","volume":"9 1","pages":"12-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48902811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-20DOI: 10.13170/AIJST.8.3.14819
A. Yulianur, S. Sugianto, Frystia Mala Puspita
Concentration time of rainfall is an important aspect to determine drainage design. A general rational formula is used to determine design flood or peak flow in urban drainage planning, especially for storm sewer design. The use of this balanced formula requires rainfall intensity, whose duration of rain is equal or more than the time of concentration. This time of concentration is determined using an estimation formula whose formation requires measurement data of the time of concentration. This study introduces how to measure the time of concentration using the concept of-rational-hydrograph, in which peak flow occurs at the time of concentration. To fulfill the aim of this research, an experimental of catchment area planted with Zoysia Japonica grass and showered with a rainfall simulator was conducted. The length of the flow path on the land, L, given in 5 variations, namely 50 cm, 100 cm, 150 cm, 200 cm, and 250 cm, was used. The slope of the land, S, is given in 3 variations, namely 2.8 %, 5,6%, and 8.8%. For each variation of L and S, the experimental catchment area was poured with a fixed rainfall intensity, which is 60 mm/hour. The flow was measured every 5 minutes intervals. Then, from the relationship of flow and time, a rational hydrograph was formed, from which the time of concentration, Tc, was deduced. This Tc value was treated as the measured Tc to form the Tc estimation formula using the regression formula. The formula is Tc = 3.543 + 1.211 L – 17.119 S, with the coefficient of determination R 2 = 0.98. These results show that the determination of Tc using the concept of the rational- hydrograph is acceptable. This formula applies to L and S values greater than zero and applies to land covered by Zoysia Japonica grass. Further research is needed for other types of land cover to validate the formula obtained in this research.
降雨集中时间是确定排水设计的一个重要方面。在城市排水规划中，特别是雨水渠设计中，设计洪峰流量的确定采用一般合理公式。使用这个平衡公式需要降雨强度，其降雨持续时间等于或大于集中时间。这个浓度时间是用一个估算公式确定的，该公式的形成需要浓度时间的测量数据。本文介绍了如何利用有理线的概念来测量浓度时间，其中峰值流量出现在浓度时间。为了实现本研究的目的，在集水区种植结缕草并进行了降雨模拟器降雨试验。采用陆地流道长度L，分别为50 cm、100 cm、150 cm、200 cm、250 cm 5个变量。土地的坡度S有3种变化，分别是2.8%、5.5%、6%和8.8%。对于L和S的每个变化，实验集水区以固定的降雨强度倾倒，降雨强度为60 mm/h。每隔5分钟测量一次流量。然后，根据流量与时间的关系，得到了合理的水程曲线，并由此推导出了浓度时间Tc。将该Tc值作为实测Tc，利用回归公式形成Tc估计公式。公式为Tc = 3.543 + 1.211 L - 17.119 S，决定系数r2 = 0.98。这些结果表明，用有理线的概念来测定Tc是可以接受的。此公式适用于L和S值大于零的情况，适用于结缕草覆盖的土地。其他类型的土地覆被需要进一步的研究来验证本研究得出的公式。
{"title":"A Simple Method to Develop a Formula for Estimating Concentration Time of Drainage Design","authors":"A. Yulianur, S. Sugianto, Frystia Mala Puspita","doi":"10.13170/AIJST.8.3.14819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13170/AIJST.8.3.14819","url":null,"abstract":"Concentration time of rainfall is an important aspect to determine drainage design. A general rational formula is used to determine design flood or peak flow in urban drainage planning, especially for storm sewer design. The use of this balanced formula requires rainfall intensity, whose duration of rain is equal or more than the time of concentration. This time of concentration is determined using an estimation formula whose formation requires measurement data of the time of concentration. This study introduces how to measure the time of concentration using the concept of-rational-hydrograph, in which peak flow occurs at the time of concentration. To fulfill the aim of this research, an experimental of catchment area planted with Zoysia Japonica grass and showered with a rainfall simulator was conducted. The length of the flow path on the land, L, given in 5 variations, namely 50 cm, 100 cm, 150 cm, 200 cm, and 250 cm, was used. The slope of the land, S, is given in 3 variations, namely 2.8 %, 5,6%, and 8.8%. For each variation of L and S, the experimental catchment area was poured with a fixed rainfall intensity, which is 60 mm/hour. The flow was measured every 5 minutes intervals. Then, from the relationship of flow and time, a rational hydrograph was formed, from which the time of concentration, Tc, was deduced. This Tc value was treated as the measured Tc to form the Tc estimation formula using the regression formula. The formula is Tc = 3.543 + 1.211 L – 17.119 S, with the coefficient of determination R 2 = 0.98. These results show that the determination of Tc using the concept of the rational- hydrograph is acceptable. This formula applies to L and S values greater than zero and applies to land covered by Zoysia Japonica grass. Further research is needed for other types of land cover to validate the formula obtained in this research.","PeriodicalId":7128,"journal":{"name":"Aceh International Journal of Science and Technology","volume":"8 1","pages":"137-142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44430958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-02DOI: 10.13170/AIJST.8.3.14049
T. Saidi, R. Putra, Z. Amalia, M. Munawir
Proper design of transverse reinforcement in the RC column is needed to maintain its ability to deform under axial and shear load safely. Even though mandatory building codes for transverse support of the RC column exist, shear failure was still found in the last high earthquake in Pidie, Aceh, in 2016. Therefore, as an attempt to improve RC column strength and elasticity, the effect of transverse reinforcement configuration was evaluated experimentally to a column subjected to an axial and shear load. The experiment was conducted by using four-column specimens with a cross-section 200 x 200 mm. Four types of transverse reinforcement configurations were applied in each column. The test was carried out by loading an axial load always and shear load gradually until its failure. The test results show that the configuration of transverse reinforcement has a significant effect of maintaining column stiffness, which was subjected to compressive axial load and shear load. Furthermore, the arrangement of transverse reinforcement influences the compressive strength significantly and enhance the concrete shear capacity of a column due to its confinement effect.
{"title":"Contribution of Transverse Reinforcement Configuration on Concrete Shear Capacity of RC Column","authors":"T. Saidi, R. Putra, Z. Amalia, M. Munawir","doi":"10.13170/AIJST.8.3.14049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13170/AIJST.8.3.14049","url":null,"abstract":"Proper design of transverse reinforcement in the RC column is needed to maintain its ability to deform under axial and shear load safely. Even though mandatory building codes for transverse support of the RC column exist, shear failure was still found in the last high earthquake in Pidie, Aceh, in 2016. Therefore, as an attempt to improve RC column strength and elasticity, the effect of transverse reinforcement configuration was evaluated experimentally to a column subjected to an axial and shear load. The experiment was conducted by using four-column specimens with a cross-section 200 x 200 mm. Four types of transverse reinforcement configurations were applied in each column. The test was carried out by loading an axial load always and shear load gradually until its failure. The test results show that the configuration of transverse reinforcement has a significant effect of maintaining column stiffness, which was subjected to compressive axial load and shear load. Furthermore, the arrangement of transverse reinforcement influences the compressive strength significantly and enhance the concrete shear capacity of a column due to its confinement effect.","PeriodicalId":7128,"journal":{"name":"Aceh International Journal of Science and Technology","volume":"8 1","pages":"127-136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47035055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-02DOI: 10.13170/AIJST.8.3.15108
J. Juanda, L. Sutiarso, M. Maksum, D. Ismoyowati
The inequity of benefits among actors in the Indonesian patchouli value chain has been taking place for decades. This phenomenon has made distillers unable to guarantee the patchouli oil quality, one of the essential things in the global market. The objective of this study was to evaluate effects of modernization of distillation units and applications of a nonlinear return on investment (ROI) equity model to the financial performance of actors in the value chain to help the government together with the actors making the correct decisions and policies in the development of patchouli oil business. The study was done in the Gayo Lues District, Aceh, Indonesia. The findings indicate that the distillers get the least benefits (the lowest ROI) among actors in the Gayo Lues value chain. Moreover, modernization of the distillation units can increase the ROIs of the actors in the value chain. But, to observe how to establish equity among the actors, a nonlinear ROI equity model was developed. To make ROIs of the actors equal, outputs of the model recommend that the ideal patchouli oil share ratio between farmers and distillers is around 3.3 – 3.4: 1. Outputs of the model also suggest that both net gross and profits per kg of medium middlemen should be increased, while both net and gross profits per kg of large middlemen should be decreased.
{"title":"Study of Modernization of Distillation Units and Applications of Nonlinear ROI Equity Model: A Case of Gayo Lues Patchouli Value Chain","authors":"J. Juanda, L. Sutiarso, M. Maksum, D. Ismoyowati","doi":"10.13170/AIJST.8.3.15108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13170/AIJST.8.3.15108","url":null,"abstract":"The inequity of benefits among actors in the Indonesian patchouli value chain has been taking place for decades. This phenomenon has made distillers unable to guarantee the patchouli oil quality, one of the essential things in the global market. The objective of this study was to evaluate effects of modernization of distillation units and applications of a nonlinear return on investment (ROI) equity model to the financial performance of actors in the value chain to help the government together with the actors making the correct decisions and policies in the development of patchouli oil business. The study was done in the Gayo Lues District, Aceh, Indonesia. The findings indicate that the distillers get the least benefits (the lowest ROI) among actors in the Gayo Lues value chain. Moreover, modernization of the distillation units can increase the ROIs of the actors in the value chain. But, to observe how to establish equity among the actors, a nonlinear ROI equity model was developed. To make ROIs of the actors equal, outputs of the model recommend that the ideal patchouli oil share ratio between farmers and distillers is around 3.3 – 3.4: 1. Outputs of the model also suggest that both net gross and profits per kg of medium middlemen should be increased, while both net and gross profits per kg of large middlemen should be decreased.","PeriodicalId":7128,"journal":{"name":"Aceh International Journal of Science and Technology","volume":"8 1","pages":"114-126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44057986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-31DOI: 10.13170/AIJST.8.3.15160
S. Suhendrayatna, A. Abdurrahman, Elvitriana Elvitriana
This research deals with the adsorption of mercury ions [Hg (II)] using a combination of natural biomass between oil palm bunches and rice husks (PB-RH). After drying at 40oC, PB-RH biomass was carbonized by using a tube furnace for 2 hours at 500 °C and followed chemical activation with citric acid. Activated carbon formed was contacted with an aqueous solution containing Hg (II) ion and stirred at a constant rate of 150 rpm. The concentration of Hg (II) ions in the aqueous phase were analyzed with Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) and the Central Composite Design (CCD) method with Design-Expert software version 6.0.8 was conducted to calculate the optimization of adsorption capacity for mercury ion. The Hg ion adsorption capacity was estimated to observe the performance of the PB-RH biomass combination on the adsorption of Hg (II) ions with some variables, such as contact time, biomass weight, and activator concentration. Results showed that all variable response, contact time, biomass weight, and activator concentration influenced the mercury (II) ion adsorption capacity. The optimum condition of Hg (II) ion adsorption occurred at 30 g of activated PB-RH biomass with 0.6 mole/L concentration of activator during 99.88 minutes with 99.42 mg/L initial concentration of Hg (II). The adsorption capacity occurred at 10.1 mg/g as the optimum condition for the adsorption of Hg (II) ions by PB-RH.
{"title":"Study on the optimization of mercury ion (II) adsorption with activated carbon from a biomass combination of palm bunches and rice husk","authors":"S. Suhendrayatna, A. Abdurrahman, Elvitriana Elvitriana","doi":"10.13170/AIJST.8.3.15160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13170/AIJST.8.3.15160","url":null,"abstract":"This research deals with the adsorption of mercury ions [Hg (II)] using a combination of natural biomass between oil palm bunches and rice husks (PB-RH). After drying at 40oC, PB-RH biomass was carbonized by using a tube furnace for 2 hours at 500 °C and followed chemical activation with citric acid. Activated carbon formed was contacted with an aqueous solution containing Hg (II) ion and stirred at a constant rate of 150 rpm. The concentration of Hg (II) ions in the aqueous phase were analyzed with Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) and the Central Composite Design (CCD) method with Design-Expert software version 6.0.8 was conducted to calculate the optimization of adsorption capacity for mercury ion. The Hg ion adsorption capacity was estimated to observe the performance of the PB-RH biomass combination on the adsorption of Hg (II) ions with some variables, such as contact time, biomass weight, and activator concentration. Results showed that all variable response, contact time, biomass weight, and activator concentration influenced the mercury (II) ion adsorption capacity. The optimum condition of Hg (II) ion adsorption occurred at 30 g of activated PB-RH biomass with 0.6 mole/L concentration of activator during 99.88 minutes with 99.42 mg/L initial concentration of Hg (II). The adsorption capacity occurred at 10.1 mg/g as the optimum condition for the adsorption of Hg (II) ions by PB-RH.","PeriodicalId":7128,"journal":{"name":"Aceh International Journal of Science and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45643538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-31DOI: 10.13170/aijst.8.2.13327
A. Azmeri, Henny Herawati, Nur Aisya Amalia, F. Z. Jemi
Krueng Baro Irrigation network is a strategic technical irrigation area in Pidie, Aceh, Indonesia. The primary water source is the Krueng Baro River flow using the infrastructure of Keumala Weir in which sedimentation is currently a significant problem in its operations. To prevent the sediment from entering the irrigation channel is to settle it in the settling basin. However, the primary irrigation channel with the stone masonry walls kept experiencing high sedimentation. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the performance of the Keumala Weir settling basin including its capacity and efficiency. This study used a survey method for data collection and an evaluation method following the current guidelines for data analysis. The sediment sampling was conducted in the settling basin and the primary channel. The flushing was currently carried out for seven days. However, the settling basin capacity of 2,436.75 m3 did not meet the flushing requirements. Thus, the flushing should be performed daily for a volume of 1,859.43 m3 to fulfill the condition, so that the capacity of the settling basin was controlled. The efficiency of sediment settling was 75%, and the effect of water turbulence was in a safe condition, that the sediment settled in a settling basin would not be eroded when it is empty or full. For the flushing efficiency, the shear stress was 15,538 N/m2 that can rinse less than 16 mm particles. Based on this evaluation, it can be concluded that the sediments in the primary channel were from the settling basin. It is suggested to limit the speed in the regulating building to approximately 1.5 m/s to reduce the sediments entering the primary channel. It also requires accuracy in the operation of the primary channel intake.
{"title":"Evaluation of the Settling Basin of Keumala Weir, Krueng Baro River, Aceh, Indonesia","authors":"A. Azmeri, Henny Herawati, Nur Aisya Amalia, F. Z. Jemi","doi":"10.13170/aijst.8.2.13327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13170/aijst.8.2.13327","url":null,"abstract":"Krueng Baro Irrigation network is a strategic technical irrigation area in Pidie, Aceh, Indonesia. The primary water source is the Krueng Baro River flow using the infrastructure of Keumala Weir in which sedimentation is currently a significant problem in its operations. To prevent the sediment from entering the irrigation channel is to settle it in the settling basin. However, the primary irrigation channel with the stone masonry walls kept experiencing high sedimentation. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the performance of the Keumala Weir settling basin including its capacity and efficiency. This study used a survey method for data collection and an evaluation method following the current guidelines for data analysis. The sediment sampling was conducted in the settling basin and the primary channel. The flushing was currently carried out for seven days. However, the settling basin capacity of 2,436.75 m3 did not meet the flushing requirements. Thus, the flushing should be performed daily for a volume of 1,859.43 m3 to fulfill the condition, so that the capacity of the settling basin was controlled. The efficiency of sediment settling was 75%, and the effect of water turbulence was in a safe condition, that the sediment settled in a settling basin would not be eroded when it is empty or full. For the flushing efficiency, the shear stress was 15,538 N/m2 that can rinse less than 16 mm particles. Based on this evaluation, it can be concluded that the sediments in the primary channel were from the settling basin. It is suggested to limit the speed in the regulating building to approximately 1.5 m/s to reduce the sediments entering the primary channel. It also requires accuracy in the operation of the primary channel intake.","PeriodicalId":7128,"journal":{"name":"Aceh International Journal of Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66278438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-31DOI: 10.13170/aijst.8.2.13281
S. Husin, M. Mubarak, F. Fachrurrazi
The construction involves a series of activities that possibly face problems or risks. The risk probability is an uncertain condition that results in a negative impact on the project objectives. Threats can come from the resources factor in a construction project, such as labour, materials, and equipment. The handling of risks in construction work needs to be further reviewed. It is to find risk factors and risk variables contributing to high risk to achieve the quality objectives of construction implementation. The purpose of this study was to analyze the most significant risk towards the quality of construction associated with the condition of the Province of Aceh during 2000-2015. The situation is classified in three periods, namely political conflict (2000-2004 as Period I), rehabilitation and reconstruction (2005-2009 as Period II), and post-rehabilitation and reconstruction (2010-2015 as Period III). Dataset is collected using questionnaires to 15 large qualified contractor companies to capture construction quality information. The risk significance identified based on Risk Importance Index (RII) for frequency and severity of factors and variables. There are 7 variables for labour resources, 10 variables for material resources, and 17 variables for equipment resources. The quality of construction mostly affected by the labour resources factors in Period I and Period III. The risk comes from the variable discipline of workers who are not good (A3). For Period II, the lack of labour capacity (A2) variable become as the most significant risk.
{"title":"The Significance Risk for Factors of Labour, Material, and Equipment on Construction Project Quality","authors":"S. Husin, M. Mubarak, F. Fachrurrazi","doi":"10.13170/aijst.8.2.13281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13170/aijst.8.2.13281","url":null,"abstract":"The construction involves a series of activities that possibly face problems or risks. The risk probability is an uncertain condition that results in a negative impact on the project objectives. Threats can come from the resources factor in a construction project, such as labour, materials, and equipment. The handling of risks in construction work needs to be further reviewed. It is to find risk factors and risk variables contributing to high risk to achieve the quality objectives of construction implementation. The purpose of this study was to analyze the most significant risk towards the quality of construction associated with the condition of the Province of Aceh during 2000-2015. The situation is classified in three periods, namely political conflict (2000-2004 as Period I), rehabilitation and reconstruction (2005-2009 as Period II), and post-rehabilitation and reconstruction (2010-2015 as Period III). Dataset is collected using questionnaires to 15 large qualified contractor companies to capture construction quality information. The risk significance identified based on Risk Importance Index (RII) for frequency and severity of factors and variables. There are 7 variables for labour resources, 10 variables for material resources, and 17 variables for equipment resources. The quality of construction mostly affected by the labour resources factors in Period I and Period III. The risk comes from the variable discipline of workers who are not good (A3). For Period II, the lack of labour capacity (A2) variable become as the most significant risk.","PeriodicalId":7128,"journal":{"name":"Aceh International Journal of Science and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46368163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-31DOI: 10.13170/AIJST.8.2.12362
K. Ondara, Try Altanto, G. A. Rahmawan, R. Dhiauddin, U. J. Wisha, N. Ridwan
The waters of Weh Island, Aceh Province has potency become the area for offshore aquaculture. Offshore Floating Net Cages can be an appropriate technology in increasing the biomass cultivation in Weh Island waters. However, no feasibility study has been done. Therefore, this study aims to examine the suitability of offshore aquaculture locations in the East and South regions of Weh Island Based on Hydro-oceanography parameters. The parameters examined were water quality parameters such as temperature, brightness, pH, salinity and dissolved oxygen. In addition, we also examined the aspects of physical oceanography such as tides, currents and bathymetry. The results show that the water depth ranged from 0-57 m. The tidal type in the Weh Island waters is mixed tide prevailing semidiurnal with the tidal range of 1.9 m. The average of current speed ranged from 19.03-37.67 cm/s with the directions predominantly toward northwest and southeast. It is concluded that the water quality data show that the eastern and southern parts of Weh Island are categorized as the feasible locations for offshore aquaculture. Keywords: Sabang, Hydro-oceanography, Fisheries, Offshoreaquaculture, Floating net cages
{"title":"Hydro-Oceanographic and Water Quality Assesments As a Basis for the Development of Offshore Aquaculture in the Weh Island, Aceh Province, Indonesia","authors":"K. Ondara, Try Altanto, G. A. Rahmawan, R. Dhiauddin, U. J. Wisha, N. Ridwan","doi":"10.13170/AIJST.8.2.12362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13170/AIJST.8.2.12362","url":null,"abstract":"The waters of Weh Island, Aceh Province has potency become the area for offshore aquaculture. Offshore Floating Net Cages can be an appropriate technology in increasing the biomass cultivation in Weh Island waters. However, no feasibility study has been done. Therefore, this study aims to examine the suitability of offshore aquaculture locations in the East and South regions of Weh Island Based on Hydro-oceanography parameters. The parameters examined were water quality parameters such as temperature, brightness, pH, salinity and dissolved oxygen. In addition, we also examined the aspects of physical oceanography such as tides, currents and bathymetry. The results show that the water depth ranged from 0-57 m. The tidal type in the Weh Island waters is mixed tide prevailing semidiurnal with the tidal range of 1.9 m. The average of current speed ranged from 19.03-37.67 cm/s with the directions predominantly toward northwest and southeast. It is concluded that the water quality data show that the eastern and southern parts of Weh Island are categorized as the feasible locations for offshore aquaculture. Keywords: Sabang, Hydro-oceanography, Fisheries, Offshoreaquaculture, Floating net cages","PeriodicalId":7128,"journal":{"name":"Aceh International Journal of Science and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48643775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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