Nowadays, users collect points by stickers after they purchase products. However, to issue stickers and to exchange points are inconvenient to store staffs and users. In addition, the traditional way for points collection increases the business cost because of additional cards and stickers. In this paper, we propose a novel, practical and integrated application system to resolve above issues namely NFC-enabled Point Collection Application System (NPCAS). NPCAS mainly consists of three subsystems including user-side APP, store-side APP and backend management system. The user-side APP let users to quickly complete points management, for instance, they can accumulate points by communicating with the store-side APP through Near Field Communication (NFC) technique. The store-side APP calculates the points of each transaction and updates them to the backend management system. Then, the users can inquire their current points, exchange details, exchangeable commodities and so on. Android operating system is the mainstream on smart phones so that the Android-based APPs attract a lot of attention. Accordingly, we develop both APPs based on Java, XML, Android Software Development Kit (SDK) and Android Studio. The backend management system is built by Apache server, PHP module, PHP files and MySQL database. The format that we used on information exchange between backend management system and both APPs is JavaScript Object Notation (JSON). In a word, NPCAS greatly simplifies the procedures of points collection and management.
现在，用户在购买产品后通过贴纸收集积分。但是，发放贴纸和兑换点数给门店员工和用户带来了不便。此外，传统的积分收集方式由于需要额外的卡片和贴纸，增加了业务成本。在本文中，我们提出了一种新颖、实用和集成的应用系统来解决上述问题，即NFC-enabled Point Collection application system (NPCAS)。NPCAS主要由用户端APP、商店端APP和后端管理系统三个子系统组成。用户端APP可以让用户快速完成积分管理，例如通过近场通信(NFC)技术与门店端APP进行通信，即可累积积分。商店端APP计算每笔交易的点数，并将其更新到后端管理系统。然后，用户可以查询自己目前的积分、兑换明细、可兑换商品等。Android操作系统是智能手机的主流，基于Android的app备受关注。因此，我们开发基于Java、XML、Android软件开发工具包(SDK)和Android Studio的app。后台管理系统采用Apache服务器、PHP模块、PHP文件和MySQL数据库构建。我们在后端管理系统和两个app之间的信息交换使用的格式是JavaScript Object Notation (JSON)。总之，NPCAS大大简化了积分收集和管理的程序。
{"title":"Design of a Near Field Communication-Enabled Points Collection Application System","authors":"Jui-Pin Yang","doi":"10.1166/asem.2020.2624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/asem.2020.2624","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, users collect points by stickers after they purchase products. However, to issue stickers and to exchange points are inconvenient to store staffs and users. In addition, the traditional way for points collection increases the business cost because of additional cards and stickers.\u0000 In this paper, we propose a novel, practical and integrated application system to resolve above issues namely NFC-enabled Point Collection Application System (NPCAS). NPCAS mainly consists of three subsystems including user-side APP, store-side APP and backend management system. The user-side\u0000 APP let users to quickly complete points management, for instance, they can accumulate points by communicating with the store-side APP through Near Field Communication (NFC) technique. The store-side APP calculates the points of each transaction and updates them to the backend management system.\u0000 Then, the users can inquire their current points, exchange details, exchangeable commodities and so on. Android operating system is the mainstream on smart phones so that the Android-based APPs attract a lot of attention. Accordingly, we develop both APPs based on Java, XML, Android Software\u0000 Development Kit (SDK) and Android Studio. The backend management system is built by Apache server, PHP module, PHP files and MySQL database. The format that we used on information exchange between backend management system and both APPs is JavaScript Object Notation (JSON). In a word, NPCAS\u0000 greatly simplifies the procedures of points collection and management.","PeriodicalId":7213,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Science, Engineering and Medicine","volume":"48 1","pages":"875-880"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88198404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Additive manufacturing (AM) is an advanced technique to fabricate a three-dimensional object while utilizing materials with minimal wastage to produce complex shape geometries. This technique has escalated practically as well as academically, resulting in a wide range of utility in the current global scenario to ease the manufacturing of complex and intricate objects with the use of various materials, depending upon the properties and availability of the same. Every industries wants to achieve the sustainability, easily can be possible through this manufacturing process. Due to the scope for a large number of design, material and processing combinations, a detailed outlook to how additive manufacturing can be optimized for a highly sustainable and standardized manufacturing practice needs to be assessed and understood. This paper discusses the core knowledge available regarding this manufacturing process and highlights the different processes related to this technique through review of various research papers. And also discuss the sustainability of important additive manufacturing process. Along with the fundamental analysis of this process, the paper also discusses the various attributes of the process and the growth with respect to the latest trends and techniques currently used in industries.
{"title":"Additive Manufacturing Sustainability in Industries","authors":"D. Prajapati, Ravinder Kumar","doi":"10.1166/asem.2020.2647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/asem.2020.2647","url":null,"abstract":"Additive manufacturing (AM) is an advanced technique to fabricate a three-dimensional object while utilizing materials with minimal wastage to produce complex shape geometries. This technique has escalated practically as well as academically, resulting in a wide range of utility in\u0000 the current global scenario to ease the manufacturing of complex and intricate objects with the use of various materials, depending upon the properties and availability of the same. Every industries wants to achieve the sustainability, easily can be possible through this manufacturing process.\u0000 Due to the scope for a large number of design, material and processing combinations, a detailed outlook to how additive manufacturing can be optimized for a highly sustainable and standardized manufacturing practice needs to be assessed and understood. This paper discusses the core knowledge\u0000 available regarding this manufacturing process and highlights the different processes related to this technique through review of various research papers. And also discuss the sustainability of important additive manufacturing process. Along with the fundamental analysis of this process, the\u0000 paper also discusses the various attributes of the process and the growth with respect to the latest trends and techniques currently used in industries.","PeriodicalId":7213,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Science, Engineering and Medicine","volume":"44 1","pages":"894-899"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86786767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A novel, sensitive, rapid and highly portable system consisting of a membrane filtration unit connected to a large syringe with tubing was used to detect Escherchia coli and Salmonella enterica bacteria in a mobile laboratory setting. These simple fluorescent enzyme-linked molecular assays consisted of biotinylated DNA aptamers or antibodies which were allowed to bind the target bacteria and be deposited on 0.45 μm pore size membrane filters by suction, followed by binding of streptavidin-peroxidase conjugate, wash steps and development in Amplex® UltraRed (AUR; resazurin derivative) with hydrogen peroxide activation. Fluorescence values of developed AUR from the filter surface were assessed with a commercially-available handheld fluorometer. Preliminary data indicate detection limits in the range of 50–110 E. coli and Salmonella bacterial cells per sample with good specificity and total processing times under one hour.
{"title":"Highly Portable and Sensitive Filter-Based Antibody-or DNA Aptamer-Enzyme-Linked Fluorescence Detection of Potential Bacterial Pathogens Proximal to Agricultural Fields","authors":"J. Bruno","doi":"10.1166/asem.2020.2627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/asem.2020.2627","url":null,"abstract":"A novel, sensitive, rapid and highly portable system consisting of a membrane filtration unit connected to a large syringe with tubing was used to detect Escherchia coli and Salmonella enterica bacteria in a mobile laboratory setting. These simple fluorescent enzyme-linked\u0000 molecular assays consisted of biotinylated DNA aptamers or antibodies which were allowed to bind the target bacteria and be deposited on 0.45 μm pore size membrane filters by suction, followed by binding of streptavidin-peroxidase conjugate, wash steps and development in Amplex® UltraRed\u0000 (AUR; resazurin derivative) with hydrogen peroxide activation. Fluorescence values of developed AUR from the filter surface were assessed with a commercially-available handheld fluorometer. Preliminary data indicate detection limits in the range of 50–110 E. coli and Salmonella\u0000 bacterial cells per sample with good specificity and total processing times under one hour.","PeriodicalId":7213,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Science, Engineering and Medicine","volume":"13 1","pages":"909-913"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80333935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Web-Based Enterprise Management (WBEM) is independent of platforms and managed resources so that it can used to unify storage management. WBEM consists of three components. Common Information Model (CIM) is the main component which utilizes a common data format, language and methodology for collecting and describing storage resources. xml CIM encoding defines the way that represents the CIM classes and instances by XML elements. CIM Operations over HTTP makes CIM operations in an open and standardized environment based on HTTP. In this paper, we propose a novel storage architecture that enhances efficiency of storage management under CIM/WBEM environments namely Scalable Storage Management Architecture (SSMA). SSMA is developed based on OpenPegasus. In addition, SSMA has better delay performance than traditional proxy CIMOM.
基于web的企业管理(web - web Enterprise Management, WBEM)是独立于平台和被管理资源的，因此可以用于统一存储管理。WBEM由三个部分组成。公共信息模型(CIM)是利用公共数据格式、语言和方法收集和描述存储资源的主要组件。xml CIM编码定义了用xml元素表示CIM类和实例的方式。基于HTTP的CIM操作将CIM操作置于一个开放、标准化的HTTP环境中。在本文中，我们提出了一种新的存储架构，即可扩展存储管理架构(SSMA)，以提高CIM/WBEM环境下的存储管理效率。SSMA是基于OpenPegasus开发的。此外，SSMA具有比传统代理CIMOM更好的延迟性能。
{"title":"Scalable Storage Management Architecture for Common Information Model/Web-Based Enterprise Management Environments","authors":"Jui-Pin Yang","doi":"10.1166/asem.2020.2625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/asem.2020.2625","url":null,"abstract":"Web-Based Enterprise Management (WBEM) is independent of platforms and managed resources so that it can used to unify storage management. WBEM consists of three components. Common Information Model (CIM) is the main component which utilizes a common data format, language and methodology\u0000 for collecting and describing storage resources. xml CIM encoding defines the way that represents the CIM classes and instances by XML elements. CIM Operations over HTTP makes CIM operations in an open and standardized environment based on HTTP. In this paper, we propose a novel storage architecture\u0000 that enhances efficiency of storage management under CIM/WBEM environments namely Scalable Storage Management Architecture (SSMA). SSMA is developed based on OpenPegasus. In addition, SSMA has better delay performance than traditional proxy CIMOM.","PeriodicalId":7213,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Science, Engineering and Medicine","volume":"34 1","pages":"904-908"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77289583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, the analytical solutions of some nonlinear time-fractional partial differential equations are investigated by the direct algebraic method. The nonlinear fractional partial differential equation (NLfPDE) which is based on the fractional derivative (fd) in the sense of modified Riemann-Liouville derivative is transformed to the nonlinear non-fractional ordinary differential equation. The hyperbolic and rational functions which are contained solutions are obtained for the sixth-order time-fractional Ramani equation and time-fractional Jimbo—Miwa equation (JME) with the help of this technique. In addition, this method can be applied to higher order and higher dimensional NLfPDEs. Finally, three dimensional simulations of some solutions are given.
{"title":"Exact Solutions for Time-Fractional Ramani and Jimbo—Miwa Equations by Direct Algebraic Method","authors":"S. Duran","doi":"10.1166/asem.2020.2663","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/asem.2020.2663","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the analytical solutions of some nonlinear time-fractional partial differential equations are investigated by the direct algebraic method. The nonlinear fractional partial differential equation (NLfPDE) which is based on the fractional derivative (fd) in the sense of\u0000 modified Riemann-Liouville derivative is transformed to the nonlinear non-fractional ordinary differential equation. The hyperbolic and rational functions which are contained solutions are obtained for the sixth-order time-fractional Ramani equation and time-fractional Jimbo—Miwa equation\u0000 (JME) with the help of this technique. In addition, this method can be applied to higher order and higher dimensional NLfPDEs. Finally, three dimensional simulations of some solutions are given.","PeriodicalId":7213,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Science, Engineering and Medicine","volume":"261 1","pages":"982-988"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79640705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cadmium Selenide (CdSe) thin films have been deposited on a cleaned glass substrate by thermal vacuum evaporation method under the pressure of 10-5 torr. These CdSe thin films were also kept into a quart glass tube for rapid thermal annealing at 60 and 120 second using a 500 W halogen lamp for crystalline the structure. These thin films were characterized for structural, optical and thermo-electrical properties. The optical studies have been done using UV-VIS-NIR, shows that the transition of the deposited film is found to be a direct band gap of 1.74, 1.70 and 1.67 eV for asdeposited, 60 sec and 120 sec annealed thin films respectively. It was also found that absorbance has increased and transmission decreased with increasing annealing time, the change in the extinction coefficient with energy (hν) has been also measured. The Thermoelectric power (TEP) studies confirm the n-type nature of CdSe thin films but as well as annealing time increased the hole concentration increased resultant n-nature of CdSe thin film changing toward p-type nature, the Seebeck coefficient for different annealing time at as-deposited (RT), 60 seconds and 120 seconds have observed 549, 949 and 1031 μV/K respectively. The SEM result shows that with increasing annealing time the grain size and roughness of surface are increased. X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies indicate that the film is like a cubic crystal structure with average crystalline size (D) was measured using Scherrer formula and it is 16.44 nm.
{"title":"Effect of Rapid Thermal Annealing on Thermal Evaporated CdSe Thin Film for Solar Cell Application","authors":"H. Kumar, Mangej Singh","doi":"10.1166/asem.2020.2618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/asem.2020.2618","url":null,"abstract":"Cadmium Selenide (CdSe) thin films have been deposited on a cleaned glass substrate by thermal vacuum evaporation method under the pressure of 10-5 torr. These CdSe thin films were also kept into a quart glass tube for rapid thermal annealing at 60 and 120 second using a\u0000 500 W halogen lamp for crystalline the structure. These thin films were characterized for structural, optical and thermo-electrical properties. The optical studies have been done using UV-VIS-NIR, shows that the transition of the deposited film is found to be a direct band gap of 1.74, 1.70\u0000 and 1.67 eV for asdeposited, 60 sec and 120 sec annealed thin films respectively. It was also found that absorbance has increased and transmission decreased with increasing annealing time, the change in the extinction coefficient with energy (hν) has been also measured. The Thermoelectric\u0000 power (TEP) studies confirm the n-type nature of CdSe thin films but as well as annealing time increased the hole concentration increased resultant n-nature of CdSe thin film changing toward p-type nature, the Seebeck coefficient for different annealing time at as-deposited\u0000 (RT), 60 seconds and 120 seconds have observed 549, 949 and 1031 μV/K respectively. The SEM result shows that with increasing annealing time the grain size and roughness of surface are increased. X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies indicate that the film is like a cubic crystal structure with\u0000 average crystalline size (D) was measured using Scherrer formula and it is 16.44 nm.","PeriodicalId":7213,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Science, Engineering and Medicine","volume":"26 1","pages":"924-929"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83228666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The molecular interaction analyses have been carried out in some ternary systems at 303 K with validation of ultrasonic sound velocity. The theory which is suitable for appropriate model/theory. In this present paper the molecular interaction among the organic liquids deals with experimentally measured values and validate with theoretical model. Finally the relative merit and demerit are discussed and interpreted.
{"title":"Experimental and Theoretical Validations on Ternary Mixtures-II","authors":"L. Palaniappan, S. Nithiyanantham","doi":"10.1166/asem.2020.2629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/asem.2020.2629","url":null,"abstract":"The molecular interaction analyses have been carried out in some ternary systems at 303 K with validation of ultrasonic sound velocity. The theory which is suitable for appropriate model/theory. In this present paper the molecular interaction among the organic liquids deals with experimentally\u0000 measured values and validate with theoretical model. Finally the relative merit and demerit are discussed and interpreted.","PeriodicalId":7213,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Science, Engineering and Medicine","volume":"303 1","pages":"900-903"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76490007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Inter-area power oscillation is an inherent problem of weakly interconnected power systems. This paper introduces fuzzy logic controller of Type-2 to organize the interventions of novel resistor bake model for inter-area oscillation stabilization in Kundur's two-area benchmark test power system via MATLAB/Simulink-based modelling and simulation environment with the help of Interval Type-2 fuzzy logic controller toolbox. The propositioned controller uses the relative kinetic energy deviation between the two areas as an input control signal. Three case studies, including small, mild, and severe disturbances should elucidate the effectuality of the propositioned scheme. The obtained comparative time-domain simulation results should prove that the suggested stabilization regime is a reliable mean for treating the issue of inter-area power oscillations.
{"title":"Inter-Area Oscillations Stabilization by Type-2 Fuzzy Based Novel Resistor Brake Model","authors":"M. Fayez, M. Mandor, M. El-Hadidy, F. Bendary","doi":"10.1166/asem.2020.2630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/asem.2020.2630","url":null,"abstract":"Inter-area power oscillation is an inherent problem of weakly interconnected power systems. This paper introduces fuzzy logic controller of Type-2 to organize the interventions of novel resistor bake model for inter-area oscillation stabilization in Kundur's two-area benchmark test\u0000 power system via MATLAB/Simulink-based modelling and simulation environment with the help of Interval Type-2 fuzzy logic controller toolbox. The propositioned controller uses the relative kinetic energy deviation between the two areas as an input control signal. Three case studies, including\u0000 small, mild, and severe disturbances should elucidate the effectuality of the propositioned scheme. The obtained comparative time-domain simulation results should prove that the suggested stabilization regime is a reliable mean for treating the issue of inter-area power oscillations.","PeriodicalId":7213,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Science, Engineering and Medicine","volume":"119 1","pages":"951-962"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73315081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Industry 4.0 is an industrial transformation towards a smart factory. Industry 4.0 brings a revolution throughout the world in Industrial sector by integration of several processes together in manufacturing. A smart industry 4.0 is a bundled structure which comprises of data, people, processes, services, systems. Industry 4.0 is a next level which makes the industry a smart factory by including the IOT (internet of things), Cloud Computing, Cyber-Physical Systems, System Integration, Big Data analytics, IT (information technology) and OT (operational technology) together. In this paper, an overview of industry 4.0 a smart factory is presented that how industry 4.0 is implemented and also issues in implementing a smart industry 4.0 with the help of nine digital industrial technologies and its applications and to study the industrial transformation towards the smart industry 4.0.
{"title":"Industry 4.0 A Smart Factory: An Overview","authors":"A. Sharma, V. Dwivedi, Deepak Kumar Sharma","doi":"10.1166/asem.2020.2648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/asem.2020.2648","url":null,"abstract":"Industry 4.0 is an industrial transformation towards a smart factory. Industry 4.0 brings a revolution throughout the world in Industrial sector by integration of several processes together in manufacturing. A smart industry 4.0 is a bundled structure which comprises of data, people,\u0000 processes, services, systems. Industry 4.0 is a next level which makes the industry a smart factory by including the IOT (internet of things), Cloud Computing, Cyber-Physical Systems, System Integration, Big Data analytics, IT (information technology) and OT (operational technology) together.\u0000 In this paper, an overview of industry 4.0 a smart factory is presented that how industry 4.0 is implemented and also issues in implementing a smart industry 4.0 with the help of nine digital industrial technologies and its applications and to study the industrial transformation towards the\u0000 smart industry 4.0.","PeriodicalId":7213,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Science, Engineering and Medicine","volume":"150 1","pages":"914-917"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72715012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article summarizes proof of concept experiments which clearly demonstrated the ability of DNA aptamers selected against a molecular mimic of early ice crystal nuclei to protect the integrity of human erythrocytes following a slow freeze-thaw cycle. Following 10 cycles of selection and DNA amplification of rare candidate DNA aptamers against a copper-organic ligand complex which holds water molecules in a conformation resembling early ice crystal nuclei, the aptamers were tested for their ability to preserve erythrocyte morphology by phase-contrast microscopy versus controls without aptamers and with the original randomized aptamer DNA library template following slow freezing and storage overnight at -20 °C with slow thawing at 25 °C. Those experiments revealed that a minimum of 32 μg/ml of the final selected aptamer pool of DNA molecules was required to completely protect nearly 100% of the erythrocytes. By contrast, the treatment groups without the aptamers or with the randomized aptamer template DNA at 32 μg/ml produced only fragmented erythrocytes and cellular debris (no intact cells), thus indicating that specifically selected DNA conformations were required to bind and limit the size of forming ice crystals to cryoprotect the erythrocytes.
{"title":"Potential Use of Antifreeze DNA Aptamers for the Cryopreservation of Human Erythrocytes","authors":"J. Bruno","doi":"10.1166/asem.2020.2628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/asem.2020.2628","url":null,"abstract":"This article summarizes proof of concept experiments which clearly demonstrated the ability of DNA aptamers selected against a molecular mimic of early ice crystal nuclei to protect the integrity of human erythrocytes following a slow freeze-thaw cycle. Following 10 cycles of selection\u0000 and DNA amplification of rare candidate DNA aptamers against a copper-organic ligand complex which holds water molecules in a conformation resembling early ice crystal nuclei, the aptamers were tested for their ability to preserve erythrocyte morphology by phase-contrast microscopy versus\u0000 controls without aptamers and with the original randomized aptamer DNA library template following slow freezing and storage overnight at -20 °C with slow thawing at 25 °C. Those experiments revealed that a minimum of 32 μg/ml of the final selected aptamer pool of DNA molecules was\u0000 required to completely protect nearly 100% of the erythrocytes. By contrast, the treatment groups without the aptamers or with the randomized aptamer template DNA at 32 μg/ml produced only fragmented erythrocytes and cellular debris (no intact cells), thus indicating that specifically selected\u0000 DNA conformations were required to bind and limit the size of forming ice crystals to cryoprotect the erythrocytes.","PeriodicalId":7213,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Science, Engineering and Medicine","volume":"540 1","pages":"870-874"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77911955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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