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Research on the technology of realizing normal operation of medium-wave infrared camera in space by simulating a vacuum environment on the ground 通过模拟地面真空环境实现太空中波红外摄像机正常工作的技术研究
IF 1.2 4区 物理与天体物理 Q4 OPTICS Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI: 10.1007/s10043-024-00913-4
JianYu Miao, XingXiang Zhang, DongLin Xue, ShuXin Wang, ZhongShan Wang, MingXu Li, Duo Wang

To enable the operation of a mid-wave infrared (MWIR) camera under vacuum and low-temperature conditions for space-based Earth imaging optical systems, research was conducted on the optical system, mechanical structure, and vacuum and low-temperature testing methods employed in the MWIR optical system. A low-temperature MWIR camera was designed to operate under normal atmospheric pressure, vacuum, and low-temperature conditions. The camera comprises independent optical lenses, an MWIR dewar, an image processing unit, a vacuum refrigeration unit, and preset water cooling pipes. The MWIR lens consists of a front lens unit, a focusing lens unit with a two-stage reduction mechanism, and a rear lens. The assembly temperature of the MWIR camera is 293 K with an operational temperature of 100 K, and the temperature variation does not exceed 193 K. A structural thermal-optical performance analysis of the MWIR lens was conducted to evaluate the optical performance degradation caused by temperature changes. The measurement of the MWIR lens was described using an MWIR interferometer and a spherical standard MWIR mirror, providing on-axis and off-axis wave aberrations. One method was proposed to test the modulation transfer function of the MWIR camera under two different conditions. Experimental results confirmed that the overall design of the MWIR camera ensures normal operation in a vacuum low-temperature environment.

为了使中波红外(MWIR)照相机能够在真空和低温条件下工作,用于天基地球成像光学系统,对中波红外光学系统采用的光学系统、机械结构以及真空和低温测试方法进行了研究。低温多波长红外热像仪是为在正常大气压、真空和低温条件下工作而设计的。该照相机由独立的光学镜头、MWIR 放大镜、图像处理装置、真空制冷装置和预设的水冷却管道组成。多波长红外镜头由一个前镜头单元、一个带两级减速机构的聚焦镜头单元和一个后镜头组成。MWIR 相机的装配温度为 293 K,工作温度为 100 K,温度变化不超过 193 K。使用中波红外干涉仪和球面标准中波红外反射镜对中波红外透镜进行了测量,提供了轴上和轴下波差。还提出了一种在两种不同条件下测试 MWIR 相机调制传递函数的方法。实验结果证实,MWIR 相机的整体设计可确保其在真空低温环境下正常工作。
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引用次数: 0
Research and correction for over-response phenomenon when using inorganic scintillator optical fiber X-ray sensor to measure off-axis ratio (OAR) 使用无机闪烁体光纤 X 射线传感器测量离轴比 (OAR) 时对过响应现象的研究和修正
IF 1.2 4区 物理与天体物理 Q4 OPTICS Pub Date : 2024-09-15 DOI: 10.1007/s10043-024-00914-3
Bo He, Tianci Xie, Wenjing Hao, Jingjing Wang, Haojie Yang, Ziyin Chen, Bin Yang, Qieming Shi, Jinqian Qian, Elfed Lewis, Weimin Sun

Optical fiber X-ray sensors have the potential to realize real-time dose monitoring of precision radiotherapy. However, an over-response phenomenon can occur when using an optical fiber sensor (OFXS) filled with inorganic scintillator (Gd2O2S:Tb) to measure the off-axis ratio (OAR) curve. The aim of this paper is to study the mechanism responsible for the over-response. Due to the complex particle distribution present in water phantoms, the Monte Carlo-based code GEANT4 was used to model the response of the scintillator. The energy response of the scintillator to photons and electrons was initially simulated, which subsequently allowed the OAR curve to be simulated and the results were compared with experiment. To analyze the energy distribution of particles in different positions, electron spectroscopy was simulated together with the photon spectrum at the position from the central axis to a distance of 14.5 cm away from the center. Finally, three metal (Al, Cu, Sn) caps were made for the OFXS to prevent the low-energy photons penetrating the OFXS, and the OARs measurements were repeated. The results show that the scintillator exhibits higher sensitivity to photons with energy below 0.5 MeV, while for electrons, the scintillator has a higher sensitivity to high-energy electrons. Simulations for electron spectroscopy and the photon spectrum show that there are many low-energy photons with relatively few low-energy electrons. The OARs measured using the OFXS with metal caps show that the over-response can be mitigated using a high-Z metal cap. The measurements demonstrate that the OAR cure measured using an OFXS fitted with a Sn cap exhibits the closest response to that measured using an IC.

光纤 X 射线传感器有望实现精确放射治疗的实时剂量监测。然而,在使用填充了无机闪烁体(Gd2O2S:Tb)的光纤传感器(OFXS)测量离轴比(OAR)曲线时,可能会出现过响应现象。本文旨在研究造成过响应的机制。由于水模型中存在复杂的粒子分布,因此使用了基于蒙特卡罗的代码 GEANT4 来模拟闪烁体的响应。首先模拟闪烁体对光子和电子的能量响应,然后模拟 OAR 曲线,并将结果与实验进行比较。为了分析粒子在不同位置的能量分布,还模拟了从中心轴到距离中心 14.5 厘米处的电子能谱和光子能谱。最后,为防止低能光子穿透 OFXS,为 OFXS 制作了三个金属(铝、铜、锡)帽,并重复了 OARs 测量。结果表明,闪烁体对能量低于 0.5 MeV 的光子具有更高的灵敏度,而对于电子,闪烁体对高能电子具有更高的灵敏度。对电子光谱和光子光谱的模拟显示,低能电子相对较少,而低能光子却很多。使用带金属帽的 OFXS 测量的 OAR 表明,使用高 Z 金属帽可以减轻过响应。测量结果表明,使用装有锡帽的 OFXS 测量的 OAR 固化结果与使用集成电路测量的 OAR 固化结果呈现出最接近的响应。
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引用次数: 0
Novel high light efficiency pancake optics for HMD named “double path” 用于 HMD 的新型高光效薄饼光学器件,命名为 "双路径
IF 1.2 4区 物理与天体物理 Q4 OPTICS Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1007/s10043-024-00908-1
Naru Usukura, Takehisa Yoshida, Kiyoshi Minoura, Yoshiko Honma

The folded optics for HMD (head-mounted display), commonly referred to as pancake optics, is widely used to realize a compact HMD headset. The optics has the advantage of compactness, but also has a big drawback of lowering light efficiency. To overcome the issue, we proposed novel HMD pancake optics named “DP (double path) pancake optics” to achieve both compactness and high light efficiency simultaneously. In this paper, we introduce the principle of our “DP pancake optics” and review our prototype. We describe optical simulation results to find a highly balanced design among thickness, lens power, and magnification ratio. We also describe fabrication study of, such as polarization state and alignment accuracy. We successfully have fabricated two prototypes with 90° FOV (field of view), one of which is 20.6 mm optics thickness and the other is 25.5 mm optics thickness. The latter prototype especially shows high MTF with a 1200 ppi (pixel per inch) resolution LCD (liquid crystal display). Both prototypes have 1.8 times higher light efficiency than that of conventional one. In addition, to further expand the DP pancake optics, we also describe the improved design with wider FOV for future prototype fabrication. Therefore, we also show the optical simulation result of the improved design.

用于 HMD(头戴式显示器)的折叠光学器件,通常称为薄饼光学器件,被广泛用于实现紧凑型 HMD 头戴式显示器。这种光学器件具有结构紧凑的优点,但也存在光效较低的缺点。为了克服这一问题,我们提出了新型 HMD 薄饼光学器件,命名为 "DP(双路径)薄饼光学器件",以同时实现紧凑性和高光效。在本文中,我们介绍了 "DP 薄饼光学器件 "的原理,并回顾了我们的原型。我们描述了光学模拟结果,以找到厚度、透镜功率和倍率之间的高度平衡设计。我们还介绍了偏振状态和对准精度等方面的制造研究。我们成功制作了两个 90° FOV(视场角)原型,其中一个光学厚度为 20.6 毫米,另一个光学厚度为 25.5 毫米。后一种原型机的液晶显示屏分辨率为 1200 ppi(每英寸像素),尤其显示出较高的 MTF。两款原型机的光效都比传统原型机高出 1.8 倍。此外,为了进一步扩展 DP 薄饼光学器件,我们还介绍了具有更宽 FOV 的改进设计,以用于未来的原型制造。因此,我们还展示了改进设计的光学仿真结果。
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引用次数: 0
Time synchronization method of wireless distributed sensor node and its application for real-time dust monitoring 无线分布式传感器节点的时间同步方法及其在灰尘实时监测中的应用
IF 1.2 4区 物理与天体物理 Q4 OPTICS Pub Date : 2024-08-27 DOI: 10.1007/s10043-024-00907-2
J. Junker, A. Furuya, H. Kawai, M. Ueno, M. Date

In this study, we aim to conduct real-time sensing of indoor dust concentration distribution to mitigate the airborne transmission of coronaviruses. Airborne infection, facilitated by viruses present in particulate matter, emphasizes the importance of monitoring dust concentration as an indicator of virus spread. Our approach involves the implementation of a time-synchronized wireless sensor network for real-time sensing of dust concentration distribution. The time-synchronized wireless sensor network relies on a proposed time-synchronization algorithm, ensuring a time error of less than ± 1.27 ms. This precision enables the measurement of even fast-moving dust particles. To validate the feasibility of the wireless time-synchronized sensor network, we utilized a dust ejector (air cannon) and positioned time-synchronized sensors in a row. Dust particles released from the ejector passed through each time-synchronized sensor terminal. Simultaneously, a video recording (60 frames) was conducted, and the measured times of the time-synchronized sensor terminals were compared with the lap times of the video. The results of this comparison revealed identical lap times between the time-synchronized sensor data and the video, affirming the successful operation of the time-synchronized wireless distributed sensor node as designed.

在这项研究中,我们旨在对室内灰尘浓度分布进行实时感应,以减少冠状病毒在空气中的传播。微粒物质中的病毒会促进空气传播,因此监测灰尘浓度作为病毒传播的一个指标就显得尤为重要。我们的方法包括实施时间同步无线传感器网络,以实时感知粉尘浓度分布。时间同步无线传感器网络依赖于一种拟议的时间同步算法,确保时间误差小于 ± 1.27 毫秒。即使是快速移动的粉尘颗粒也能精确测量。为了验证无线时间同步传感器网络的可行性,我们使用了粉尘喷射器(空气炮),并将时间同步传感器放置成一排。从喷射器中释放出来的尘埃粒子穿过每个时间同步传感器终端。与此同时,还进行了视频录制(60 帧),并将时间同步传感器终端的测量时间与视频的圈速时间进行了比较。比较结果表明,时间同步传感器数据和视频的圈速完全相同,从而证明了时间同步无线分布式传感器节点的成功运行。
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引用次数: 0
Luminescence properties and temperature characteristics of Yb3+/Nd3+/Ho3+ triple doped BaGeTeO6 up-conversion phosphors under 980 nm excitation 980 纳米激发下 Yb3+/Nd3+/Ho3+ 三重掺杂 BaGeTeO6 上转换荧光粉的发光特性和温度特征
IF 1.2 4区 物理与天体物理 Q4 OPTICS Pub Date : 2024-08-23 DOI: 10.1007/s10043-024-00911-6
Shengyi Liu, Duan Gao, Li Wang, Wenbin Song, Zhiliang Zhang, Peilin Du, Ying Zhu, Peijia Xiao, Qi Zhang

BaGeTeO6: Nd3+/Yb3+/Ho3+ green up-conversion phosphors were synthesized using the high-temperature solid-state reaction method. The optimal doping concentrations for the three dopant ions Nd3+, Yb3+, and Ho3+ were determined to be 1 mol%, 6 mol%, and 0.8 mol%, respectively, through the method of controlling variables. By analyzing the dependence of the up-conversion luminescence intensity on the pump current of the 980 nm laser, it was found that the green and red up-conversion emissions of Ho3+ ions under 980 nm laser excitation were both two-photon processes. Furthermore, the influence of temperature on the up-conversion luminescent properties of BaGeTeO6: Nd3+/Yb3+/Ho3+ green up-conversion phosphors under 980 nm laser excitation was investigated, and the temperature sensing properties of Ho3+ ions were discussed. The results indicated that, at room temperature and higher temperatures, both the red and green up-conversion emissions of the sample were two-photon processes. Within the range of excitation current used in the experiment, the ratio of red to green up-conversion luminescence intensity of Ho3+ ions was independent of the laser excitation current but correlated with the sample temperature. In the temperature range of 303–723 K, the ratio of red to green up-conversion luminescence intensity of Ho3+ ions exhibited a nonlinear relationship with temperature. Comparing the temperature sensing sensitivity of Ho3+ in different matrices, the results indicated that the sample possessed high temperature sensing sensitivity.

利用高温固态反应法合成了 BaGeTeO6:Nd3+/Yb3+/Ho3+ 绿色上转换荧光粉。通过控制变量法,确定了三种掺杂离子 Nd3+、Yb3+ 和 Ho3+ 的最佳掺杂浓度分别为 1 mol%、6 mol% 和 0.8 mol%。通过分析上转换发光强度与 980 nm 激光泵浦电流的关系,发现在 980 nm 激光激发下,Ho3+ 离子的绿色和红色上转换发射均为双光子过程。此外,还研究了温度对 BaGeTeO6:Nd3+/Yb3+/Ho3+ 绿色上转换荧光粉在 980 nm 激光激发下上转换发光特性的影响,并讨论了 Ho3+ 离子的感温特性。结果表明,在室温和更高温度下,样品的红色和绿色上转换发射都是双光子过程。在实验所使用的激发电流范围内,Ho3+ 离子的红绿上转换发光强度比与激光激发电流无关,但与样品温度相关。在 303-723 K 的温度范围内,Ho3+ 离子的红绿上转换发光强度比与温度呈非线性关系。比较了不同基质中 Ho3+ 的感温灵敏度,结果表明样品具有较高的感温灵敏度。
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引用次数: 0
Ultrahigh efficiency and ultralow threshold energy all-optical switch based on state transition of defective waveguide networks 基于缺陷波导网络状态转换的超高效率和超低阈值能量全光开关
IF 1.2 4区 物理与天体物理 Q4 OPTICS Pub Date : 2024-08-19 DOI: 10.1007/s10043-024-00909-0
Xiaohui Xu, Xiaorui Xu

A novel design of ultrahigh efficiency and ultralow threshold energy all-optical switches based on local state transition of complete-connected optical waveguide networks (CCOWNs) is proposed. The generation of the ultra-narrow transmission peak and the ultra-strong photonic localization in network is attributed to the mutation of states, which are significant improvements in the performance of all-optical switch. First, the ultra-strong photonic localization induces the Kerr effect in nonlinear material, which transforms the transmission peaks into a transmission valley and results in the super-high efficiency. The efficiency of switch based on CCOWN with 11 unit cell (UC) and each UC possessing 7 nodes was calculated and found to be approximately (1.38 times 10^{39}), which is 13 orders of magnitude better than previously reported. Furthermore, the ultra-strong photonic localization also leads to the ultralow threshold energy. Calculations reveal that the threshold control energy of all-optical switch based on CCOWN only with 7 UC and each UC possessing 5 nodes is about (5.78 times 10^{-30}) J, which is 5 orders of magnitude smaller than the best reported results. In addition, fitting formulas for the transmission and switching efficiency with UC number have been derived, and the results show that the switching efficiency increased exponentially with the UC number and nodes. This study not only presents a new model for designing all-optical switch with outstanding performance, but also provides the possibility for further practical use of all-optical switch, while deepening our insight into optical waveguide networks.

本文提出了一种基于完整连接光波导网络(CCOWNs)局部状态转换的超高效率和超低阈值能量全光开关的新型设计。网络中超窄传输峰和超强光子局域化的产生归因于态的突变,这对全光开关的性能有显著改善。首先,超强光子局域化诱导了非线性材料中的克尔效应,将传输峰转化为传输谷,从而实现了超高效率。计算发现,基于具有 11 个单元格(UC)且每个单元格拥有 7 个节点的 CCOWN 开关的效率约为(1.38 乘以 10^{39}),比之前报道的效率高出 13 个数量级。此外,超强的光子定位也导致了超低的阈值能量。计算显示,基于CCOWN的全光开关仅有7个UC,每个UC拥有5个节点,其阈值控制能量约为(5.78乘以10^{-30})J,比已报道的最佳结果小5个数量级。此外,还推导出了传输和开关效率与 UC 数量的拟合公式,结果表明开关效率随着 UC 数量和节点的增加呈指数增长。这项研究不仅为设计性能卓越的全光开关提供了新模型,还为全光开关的进一步实际应用提供了可能,同时加深了我们对光波导网络的认识。
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引用次数: 0
Study of Au nanoparticles adsorbed on InGaAs/InP thin films to improve optical absorption properties in the near-infrared band 研究在 InGaAs/InP 薄膜上吸附金纳米粒子以改善近红外波段的光吸收特性
IF 1.2 4区 物理与天体物理 Q4 OPTICS Pub Date : 2024-08-08 DOI: 10.1007/s10043-024-00905-4
Longxuan Lian, Lei Liu, Zhidong Wang, Zhihao Cao

In this paper, we use FDTD Solutions software to construct the light-absorption model of InGaAs/InP thin films modified by Au nanoparticles. And the effects of Au nanoparticles on the light-absorption performance of thin films in the near-infrared wavelengths are investigated in terms of nanoparticle position, array period, and particle radius. And for the 1064 nm wavelength band, we obtain the optimal structural model. It has been shown that nanoparticle modification on the front side of the emission layer is the most effective in promoting light absorption; the resonance peaks formed by the surface plasmon excitations can greatly affect the light-absorption rate of Au nanoparticles adsorbed on the film, and the position of the absorption peaks can be changed by altering the array period and particle radius to achieve the enhancement of the film's absorption of light in a specific wavelength band. For the 1064 nm band, we obtain the best model, when the radius of Au NPs in the emission layer is 25 nm, and the model absorption with an array period of 150 nm is up to 84.85%, and the quantum efficiency is improved by one-third compared with the thin film. It provides a certain reference for the design of photocathode in the near-infrared band.

本文利用 FDTD Solutions 软件构建了金纳米粒子修饰 InGaAs/InP 薄膜的光吸收模型。并从纳米粒子位置、阵列周期和粒子半径等方面研究了金纳米粒子对薄膜在近红外波段光吸收性能的影响。针对 1064 nm 波段,我们得到了最佳结构模型。研究表明,发射层正面的纳米粒子修饰对促进光吸收最有效;表面等离子激发形成的共振峰会极大地影响吸附在薄膜上的金纳米粒子的光吸收率,而通过改变阵列周期和粒子半径可以改变吸收峰的位置,从而实现增强薄膜在特定波段对光的吸收。对于 1064 nm 波段,我们得到了最佳模型,当发射层中 Au NPs 的半径为 25 nm 时,阵列周期为 150 nm 的模型吸收率高达 84.85%,量子效率比薄膜提高了三分之一。这为近红外波段光电阴极的设计提供了一定的参考。
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引用次数: 0
Designed edge-lit NIR planar marker for orthopedic surgical locators 为骨科手术定位器设计的边缘发光近红外平面标记器
IF 1.2 4区 物理与天体物理 Q4 OPTICS Pub Date : 2024-08-08 DOI: 10.1007/s10043-024-00906-3
Yunxiao Chen, Fan Yang, Weiqiang Zhang, Ruihong Li, Dezhao Lin

Orthopedic surgical robots utilize near-infrared (NIR) optical locators to enable precise navigation during operations. Markers are crucial in the locator system, capturing the positions and orientations of surgical instruments and patients during operation. While spherical markers can be easily detected, they are less robust owing to limited feature points. In contrast, planar markers offer more feature points and greater resistance to occlusion. However, the demanding nature of orthopedic surgeries necessitates specific requirements for NIR-based planar markers, such as size, illumination, weight, and heat dissipation. To address these challenges, we designed an edge-lit NIR calibration board (300 mm × 300 mm) to calibrate the constructed NIR camera, with its effectiveness validated through extensive experimental studies. Based on the fundamental design data obtained from the designed edge-lit NIR calibration board, and considering the luminous flux density and the available 12 V battery on the market, we proposed an edge-lit active NIR planar marker with dimensions of 70 mm × 60 mm and equipped with eight LEDs (1.5 V, 0.085 W each). The experiential data illustrates the max relative standard deviation are around 0.93% and 0.78% for the measurement precision subjected to 10 mm × 10 mm square (5 × 5 squares) with 16 and 36 feature points, respectively. Further, we validated the following from the experimental results: (1) A 12 V 1000 mAh alkaline battery has an autonomy of approximately 16 h for the eight NIR LEDs. (2) The total heat energy conversion of 0.408 W for the marker is within acceptable limits for use in an operation room. (3) The total weight of approximately 21.6 g, including the planar marker and the selected battery, is manageable. Therefore, the designed edge-lit active NIR planar marker presents a viable option for integration into the locator system of orthopedic surgical robots.

骨科手术机器人利用近红外(NIR)光学定位器实现手术过程中的精确导航。标记在定位系统中至关重要,可捕捉手术器械和病人在手术过程中的位置和方向。虽然球形标记很容易被检测到,但由于特征点有限,其稳定性较差。相比之下,平面标记的特征点更多,抗闭塞能力更强。然而,骨科手术要求苛刻,对基于近红外技术的平面标记有特殊要求,如尺寸、照明、重量和散热。为了应对这些挑战,我们设计了一个边缘发光的近红外校准板(300 毫米 × 300 毫米),用于校准所构建的近红外相机,其有效性已通过广泛的实验研究得到验证。根据从所设计的边缘发光近红外校准板中获得的基本设计数据,并考虑到光通量密度和市场上可用的 12 V 电池,我们提出了一种边缘发光有源近红外平面标记,尺寸为 70 mm × 60 mm,配备 8 个 LED(1.5 V,每个 0.085 W)。实验数据表明,在 10 mm × 10 mm 的正方形(5 × 5 正方形)上,16 个和 36 个特征点的测量精度的最大相对标准偏差分别为 0.93% 和 0.78%。此外,我们还从实验结果中验证了以下几点:(1) 12 V 1000 mAh 碱性电池可为八个近红外 LED 提供约 16 小时的续航时间。(2) 标记的总热能转换为 0.408 W,在手术室使用时在可接受的范围内。 (3) 包括平面标记和所选电池在内的总重量约为 21.6 g,在可控范围内。因此,所设计的边缘发光有源近红外平面标记是集成到骨科手术机器人定位系统中的一个可行选择。
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引用次数: 0
Parallel detection structure exploiting the extrinsic information from the serial detection in the holographic data storage system 利用全息数据存储系统中串行检测的外部信息的并行检测结构
IF 1.2 4区 物理与天体物理 Q4 OPTICS Pub Date : 2024-08-05 DOI: 10.1007/s10043-024-00903-6
Thien An Nguyen, Jaejin Lee

The major concern in signal processing for holographic data storage (HDS) systems is the two-dimensional (2D) inter-symbol interference (ISI), which arises from neighboring pixels in every direction on the data page of HDS systems. Recently, serial–parallel detection has been proposed for bit-patterned media recording (BPMR). We have realized that the serial–parallel detection structure is more suitable for HDS systems than BPMR systems, because, unlike BPMR systems, the interferences in HDS systems from horizontal and vertical directions are equal. Therefore, the serial–parallel structure for HDS systems can extract better bit-error-rate performance.

全息数据存储(HDS)系统信号处理的主要问题是二维(2D)符号间干扰(ISI),这种干扰来自 HDS 系统数据页面上各个方向的相邻像素。最近,有人提出了用于比特图案介质记录(BPMR)的串行-并行检测。我们意识到,串行-并行检测结构比 BPMR 系统更适合 HDS 系统,因为与 BPMR 系统不同,HDS 系统中来自水平和垂直方向的干扰是相等的。因此,用于 HDS 系统的串行并行结构可以获得更好的误码率性能。
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引用次数: 0
Application of low-birefringence polystyrene in high-resolution imaging-lens systems 低双折射聚苯乙烯在高分辨率成像透镜系统中的应用
IF 1.2 4区 物理与天体物理 Q4 OPTICS Pub Date : 2024-08-05 DOI: 10.1007/s10043-024-00900-9
Masaki Tamura, Naruki Kurokawa, Atsushi Hotta

Polystyrene (PS) has not been much used as an optical material due to the considerably high birefringence of PS. For the extensive use of PS in the imaging-lens systems, lower birefringence should be attained for the enhancement of the resolution. Previously, we have developed PS with extremely low birefringence (LB-PS) even when the molecular chain orientation of PS occurred. It indicates that PS may now become an effective material with excellent properties for optical lenses. In this paper, we compared the birefringence of our developed LB-PS with ones of commercial optical polymers that are most commonly utilized in imaging-lens systems. It was confirmed that the birefringence of LB-PS was comparable or even better than that of the commercial ones with high resolution. By designing an imaging-lens system, it was also confirmed that employing PS with the Abbe number of 31.5 could be highly effective in compensating for chromatic aberration as well as obtaining high optical resolution. Moreover, the resolution performance of several lens systems was calculated, analyzed, and compared by considering the birefringence of cyclo-olefin polymer (COP), normal PS, and LB-PS. It was found that LB-PS could maintain high resolution, while normal PS with high birefringence exhibited significant decrease in resolution. It was also found that LB-PS generated higher resolution than COP. All these results revealed that LB-PS could be an excellent optical material to compensate for the chromatic aberration of lens systems, leading to the enhancement of the actual resolution performance. It was, therefore, expected that LB-PS could contribute to improving the resolution performance of smartphone cameras and security cameras.

由于聚苯乙烯(PS)具有相当高的双折射,因此一直未被广泛用作光学材料。要在成像透镜系统中广泛使用 PS,就必须降低双折射,以提高分辨率。在此之前,我们已经开发出了具有极低双折射的 PS(LB-PS),即使在 PS 分子链取向的情况下也是如此。这表明 PS 有可能成为一种性能优异的有效光学透镜材料。在本文中,我们将所开发的 LB-PS 的双折射与成像透镜系统中最常用的商用光学聚合物的双折射进行了比较。结果表明,LB-PS 的双折射性能与高分辨率的商用光学聚合物相当,甚至更好。通过设计成像透镜系统,还证实使用阿贝数为 31.5 的 PS 可以非常有效地补偿色差并获得高光学分辨率。此外,通过考虑环烯烃聚合物(COP)、普通 PS 和 LB-PS 的双折射,计算、分析和比较了几种透镜系统的分辨率性能。结果发现,LB-PS 可以保持较高的分辨率,而双折射较高的普通 PS 则会显著降低分辨率。研究还发现,LB-PS 比 COP 产生更高的分辨率。所有这些结果都表明,枸杞多糖是一种出色的光学材料,可用于补偿透镜系统的色差,从而提高实际分辨率。因此,预计枸杞多糖可有助于提高智能手机摄像头和安防摄像头的分辨率性能。
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引用次数: 0
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