Pub Date : 2024-05-02DOI: 10.1134/s0030400x24700218
A. R. Prokopev, E. P. Neustroev
Abstract
The structure and electrical and optoelectronic properties of nanostructured carbon films obtained by methane plasma deposition with subsequent annealing have been studied. It is shown that the film formation conditions affect the final physicochemical parameters. The film morphology has been investigated by atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray energy-dispersive analysis, and analysis of the current–voltage characteristics (CVCs). The film thicknesses range from 20 to 150 nm at the carbon-to-oxygen (C/O) atomic ratio of 4 : 1. Structural studies show that the films obtained consist of nanographite flakes with the lateral dimensions in the range from 5 to 12 nm and contain different fractional concentrations of sp3/sp2 crystalline phases of carbon. It is established that the structural quality of carbon films decreases with an increase in the annealing temperature from 650°C to 800°C. At the same time, the degree of graphitization increases, which is indicated by Raman spectroscopy data and sheet resistances calculated from the CVCs. Photocurrents are calculated from the temperature dependences of the CVCs; it is found that the samples exhibit photosensitivity in the temperature range from room temperature to –173°C. These results may be useful for designing day and night light sensors and temperature sensors operating in a wide temperature range.
{"title":"Nanostructured Carbon Films Obtained by CH4 Plasma Deposition and Annealing at High Temperatures: Structural Features and Their Influence on the Electrical and Optoelectronic Properties","authors":"A. R. Prokopev, E. P. Neustroev","doi":"10.1134/s0030400x24700218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0030400x24700218","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The structure and electrical and optoelectronic properties of nanostructured carbon films obtained by methane plasma deposition with subsequent annealing have been studied. It is shown that the film formation conditions affect the final physicochemical parameters. The film morphology has been investigated by atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray energy-dispersive analysis, and analysis of the current–voltage characteristics (CVCs). The film thicknesses range from 20 to 150 nm at the carbon-to-oxygen (C/O) atomic ratio of 4 : 1. Structural studies show that the films obtained consist of nanographite flakes with the lateral dimensions in the range from 5 to 12 nm and contain different fractional concentrations of <i>sp</i><sup>3</sup>/<i>sp</i><sup>2</sup> crystalline phases of carbon. It is established that the structural quality of carbon films decreases with an increase in the annealing temperature from 650°C to 800°C. At the same time, the degree of graphitization increases, which is indicated by Raman spectroscopy data and sheet resistances calculated from the CVCs. Photocurrents are calculated from the temperature dependences of the CVCs; it is found that the samples exhibit photosensitivity in the temperature range from room temperature to –173°C. These results may be useful for designing day and night light sensors and temperature sensors operating in a wide temperature range.</p>","PeriodicalId":723,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Spectroscopy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140887612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-02DOI: 10.1134/s0030400x24700188
I. P. Popov
Abstract
The defect of the angular momentum of an electron under cyclotron (synchrotron) radiation, including in terms of its spatial orientation, as well as the spatial orientation of the emitted photon, is considered. The possibility of the compatibility of the idea of the photon as a gauge boson, which can exist only in two spin states, ±1, with a linearly polarized photon, i.e., having no spin, has been studied. It is established that photons have no spin. The angular momentum defect can carry away a spinless photon. As applied to the angular momentum defect, the photon momentum arm is equal to its reduced wavelength.
{"title":"The Photon As a Gauge Boson and Its Linear Polarization","authors":"I. P. Popov","doi":"10.1134/s0030400x24700188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0030400x24700188","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The defect of the angular momentum of an electron under cyclotron (synchrotron) radiation, including in terms of its spatial orientation, as well as the spatial orientation of the emitted photon, is considered. The possibility of the compatibility of the idea of the photon as a gauge boson, which can exist only in two spin states, ±1, with a linearly polarized photon, i.e., having no spin, has been studied. It is established that photons have no spin. The angular momentum defect can carry away a spinless photon. As applied to the angular momentum defect, the photon momentum arm is equal to its reduced wavelength.</p>","PeriodicalId":723,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Spectroscopy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140882866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-02DOI: 10.1134/s0030400x24700152
A. P. Davydov, T. P. Zlydneva
Abstract
The two-photon interference appearing in a mental experiment similar to the Young’s experiment as a result of simultaneious emission of two photons by (two) independent point sources under the assumption that their radiation is described in the electric-dipole approximation in the classical electrodynamics is simulated within the framework of the photon quantum mechanics by using a six-component photon wave function in the coordinate representation and, for comparison, in the proposed “quasi-classical” approach by using the one-component photon wave function. The relevance of introduction of the photon wave function is emphasized in comparison to the concept of the photon being a “train” of real electromagnetic waves. The task of setting up new experiments that could initiate the analysis of the physical nature of quantum phenomena that occur in the physical vacuum and are formally described by the wave function in the quantum mechanics or by transition amplitudes in the quantum electrodynamics is proposed.
{"title":"Simulation of the Two-Photon Young’s Experiment within the Framework of the Photon Quantum Mechanics and in the Quasi-Classical Approach in the Electric-Dipole Approximation","authors":"A. P. Davydov, T. P. Zlydneva","doi":"10.1134/s0030400x24700152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0030400x24700152","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The two-photon interference appearing in a mental experiment similar to the Young’s experiment as a result of simultaneious emission of two photons by (two) independent point sources under the assumption that their radiation is described in the electric-dipole approximation in the classical electrodynamics is simulated within the framework of the photon quantum mechanics by using a six-component photon wave function in the coordinate representation and, for comparison, in the proposed “quasi-classical” approach by using the one-component photon wave function. The relevance of introduction of the photon wave function is emphasized in comparison to the concept of the photon being a “train” of real electromagnetic waves. The task of setting up new experiments that could initiate the analysis of the physical nature of quantum phenomena that occur in the physical vacuum and are formally described by the wave function in the quantum mechanics or by transition amplitudes in the quantum electrodynamics is proposed.</p>","PeriodicalId":723,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Spectroscopy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140882867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-02DOI: 10.1134/s0030400x24700127
M. S. Konovalov, V. I. Lad’yanov, M. I. Mokrushina
Abstract
A quantitative analysis technique has been developed, based on multiple regression of Fe–Cr–Mn–Mo–N–C composite steels reinforced with oxide and nitride particles using a BRA-135F spectrometer, to determine the concentrations of chromium, manganese, molybdenum, aluminum, and iron. The problem of the selection of peaks for the analysis at a total content of chromium (11.50–15.03 wt %), manganese (7.56–12.18 wt %), and iron (66.54–74.08 wt %) is considered. Optimal lines of the spectra of the steels under study are proposed to obtain satisfactory results in qualitative analysis with account for the peak overlap. It is shown that due to the overlap of the peaks, chromium should be determined by the peak relating to the CrKα line; manganese, by the peak relating to the MnKα line; and iron, by the peak relating to the FeKβ line. An approach to selecting peaks to determine molybdenum concentrations is described. It has been found that due to the absence of a reliable separation of the peaks relating to the MoKβ1 and MoKβ2.5 lines, the molybdenum content should be determined by the peak relating to the line MoKα. The ingots used as calibration samples were preliminary chemically analyzed to determine the content of metals on an atomic emission spectrometer with the inductively coupled plasma Spectroflame Modula S, which provides high stability and reproducibility of the analysis results in a wide concentration range of elements, including those with a low limit of d-etection. The analysis for determining the concentrations of nitrogen and oxygen in the calibration samples was performed using a METAVAK-VAK analyzer, and the carbon content was determined on a METAVAK CS-30 analyzer.
{"title":"On the Methodology of the Quantitative Analysis of Fe–Cr–Mn–Mo–N–C Steels Reinforced with Oxide and Nitride Particles Using an Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometer BRA-135F","authors":"M. S. Konovalov, V. I. Lad’yanov, M. I. Mokrushina","doi":"10.1134/s0030400x24700127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0030400x24700127","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>A quantitative analysis technique has been developed, based on multiple regression of Fe–Cr–Mn–Mo–N–C composite steels reinforced with oxide and nitride particles using a BRA-135F spectrometer, to determine the concentrations of chromium, manganese, molybdenum, aluminum, and iron. The problem of the selection of peaks for the analysis at a total content of chromium (11.50–15.03 wt %), manganese (7.56–12.18 wt %), and iron (66.54–74.08 wt %) is considered. Optimal lines of the spectra of the steels under study are proposed to obtain satisfactory results in qualitative analysis with account for the peak overlap. It is shown that due to the overlap of the peaks, chromium should be determined by the peak relating to the Cr<i>K</i><sub>α</sub> line; manganese, by the peak relating to the Mn<i>K</i><sub>α</sub> line; and iron, by the peak relating to the Fe<i>K</i><sub>β</sub> line. An approach to selecting peaks to determine molybdenum concentrations is described. It has been found that due to the absence of a reliable separation of the peaks relating to the Mo<i>K</i><sub>β1</sub> and Mo<i>K</i><sub>β2.5</sub> lines, the molybdenum content should be determined by the peak relating to the line Mo<i>K</i><sub>α</sub>. The ingots used as calibration samples were preliminary chemically analyzed to determine the content of metals on an atomic emission spectrometer with the inductively coupled plasma Spectroflame Modula S, which provides high stability and reproducibility of the analysis results in a wide concentration range of elements, including those with a low limit of d-etection. The analysis for determining the concentrations of nitrogen and oxygen in the calibration samples was performed using a METAVAK-VAK analyzer, and the carbon content was determined on a METAVAK CS-30 analyzer.</p>","PeriodicalId":723,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Spectroscopy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140882863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-02DOI: 10.1134/s0030400x24700243
S. V. Belim, E. V. Bogdanova
Abstract
The extraordinary phase transition in antiferromagnetic thin films has been analyzed by computer simulation. The simulation has been performed using the Ising model and the Metropolis algorithm. Epitaxial films with a cubic lattice containing several monoatomic layers have been considered. The condition for the occurrence of surface and extraordinary phase transitions is the difference between the exchange integrals in the bulk of the film and on its surface. It is shown that the surface and extraordinary phase transitions occur in antiferromagnetic thin films containing no less than eight monoatomic layers. The extraordinary phase transition has been investigated for different film thicknesses. It is shown that the magnetic susceptibility near the phase transition line has a logarithmic dependence on the phase-transition temperature. The dependence of the critical indices of the logarithmic phase on the film thickness is obtained.
{"title":"Investigation of the Extraordinary Phase Transition in Antiferromagnetic Thin Films: Computer Simulation","authors":"S. V. Belim, E. V. Bogdanova","doi":"10.1134/s0030400x24700243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0030400x24700243","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The extraordinary phase transition in antiferromagnetic thin films has been analyzed by computer simulation. The simulation has been performed using the Ising model and the Metropolis algorithm. Epitaxial films with a cubic lattice containing several monoatomic layers have been considered. The condition for the occurrence of surface and extraordinary phase transitions is the difference between the exchange integrals in the bulk of the film and on its surface. It is shown that the surface and extraordinary phase transitions occur in antiferromagnetic thin films containing no less than eight monoatomic layers. The extraordinary phase transition has been investigated for different film thicknesses. It is shown that the magnetic susceptibility near the phase transition line has a logarithmic dependence on the phase-transition temperature. The dependence of the critical indices of the logarithmic phase on the film thickness is obtained.</p>","PeriodicalId":723,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Spectroscopy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140887174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-10DOI: 10.1134/s0030400x24700097
Yu. E. Geints, E. K. Panina
Abstract
All naturally found and man-made solid microparticles have a rough surface. Upon optical radiation scattering from such particles, in addition to geometric shape, the surface texture becomes an important morphological factor of the scatterer that determines its optical properties. We present the results of numerical FDTD simulation of an optical-wave focusing by a dielectric microsphere with a randomly distributed surface roughness. The cases of azimuthally symmetric and asymmetric distortions of the particle surface are analyzed. It is demonstrated that the key parameters of the near-field focal region (intensity, longitudinal and transverse dimensions, focal distance) referred to as the photonic nanojet (PNJ) turn out to be sensitive to changes in the sphere-surface texture. In the process, two parameters, the peak intensity of the PNJ and its length, experience the largest changes. The influence of the optical contrast (the relative refractive index) of the microsphere that scatters radiation on PNJ characteristics is analyzed, and the possibility of reducing the influence of surface roughness on the quality of the near-field focusing by means of microsphere watering (water-uptake) is demonstrated.
{"title":"The Influence of Surface Roughness on Photonic-Nanojet Parameters of Dielectric Microspheres","authors":"Yu. E. Geints, E. K. Panina","doi":"10.1134/s0030400x24700097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0030400x24700097","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>All naturally found and man-made solid microparticles have a rough surface. Upon optical radiation scattering from such particles, in addition to geometric shape, the surface texture becomes an important morphological factor of the scatterer that determines its optical properties. We present the results of numerical FDTD simulation of an optical-wave focusing by a dielectric microsphere with a randomly distributed surface roughness. The cases of azimuthally symmetric and asymmetric distortions of the particle surface are analyzed. It is demonstrated that the key parameters of the near-field focal region (intensity, longitudinal and transverse dimensions, focal distance) referred to as the photonic nanojet (PNJ) turn out to be sensitive to changes in the sphere-surface texture. In the process, two parameters, the peak intensity of the PNJ and its length, experience the largest changes. The influence of the optical contrast (the relative refractive index) of the microsphere that scatters radiation on PNJ characteristics is analyzed, and the possibility of reducing the influence of surface roughness on the quality of the near-field focusing by means of microsphere watering (water-uptake) is demonstrated.</p>","PeriodicalId":723,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Spectroscopy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140561876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-10DOI: 10.1134/s0030400x24700103
K. A. Romanova, Yu. G. Galyametdinov
Abstract
The paper has shown the possibility of a comprehensive quantum chemical study of the molecular structure and energies of the excited states of the mesogenic europium(III) binuclear complexes with substituted β-diketones and Lewis bases. The interrelationships between the geometric parameters of complex molecules and the structural features of coordination polyhedra and the probability of their manifestation of liquid crystalline properties have been studied. The structural features of the first coordination sphere of binuclear complexes have been considered and the calculated parameters of Voronoi–Dirichlet polyhedra have been compared with the data for the mononuclear complexes. On the basis of the results of the calculations of the lowest singlet and triplet excited states, the diagrams of energy levels have been constructed, the main channels of intramolecular excitation energy transfer have been determined, and the luminescence efficiency of compounds luminescence efficiency has been evaluated.
{"title":"Evaluation of Luminescent and Mesogenic Properties of Europium(III) Binuclear Complexes According to Quantum Chemical Calculations","authors":"K. A. Romanova, Yu. G. Galyametdinov","doi":"10.1134/s0030400x24700103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0030400x24700103","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The paper has shown the possibility of a comprehensive quantum chemical study of the molecular structure and energies of the excited states of the mesogenic europium(III) binuclear complexes with substituted β-diketones and Lewis bases. The interrelationships between the geometric parameters of complex molecules and the structural features of coordination polyhedra and the probability of their manifestation of liquid crystalline properties have been studied. The structural features of the first coordination sphere of binuclear complexes have been considered and the calculated parameters of Voronoi–Dirichlet polyhedra have been compared with the data for the mononuclear complexes. On the basis of the results of the calculations of the lowest singlet and triplet excited states, the diagrams of energy levels have been constructed, the main channels of intramolecular excitation energy transfer have been determined, and the luminescence efficiency of compounds luminescence efficiency has been evaluated.</p>","PeriodicalId":723,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Spectroscopy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140561791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-10DOI: 10.1134/s0030400x24700115
V. D. Zaitsev, S. S. Stafeev, V. V. Kotlyar
Abstract
The focusing of laser radiation with triangular dielectric prisms has been numerically studied using the finite element method implemented in the COMSOL Multiphysics software package. It has been shown that two-dimensional triangular prisms make it possible to focus light in free space into spots smaller than the scalar diffraction limit. For example, a quartz glass prism with a base width of 60 μm and a height of 28.5 μm illuminated by light with a wavelength of 4 μm produces a photonic nanojet with the maximum intensity that exceeds the incident radiation intensity by a factor of 6 and has a full width at half maximum of 0.38 of the focused radiation wavelength. The focal spot size can be decreased by selecting the height of the prism so as to the maximum intensity was located inside it. In particular, a barium titanate prism with a height of 21 μm and a base width of 60 μm forms a focal spot directly behind its apex with a width at half maximum equal to 0.25 of the focused radiation wavelength. It has been shown that the use of a prism weakens the wavelength dependence of the focal spot width as compared with the case of a microcylinder. In particular, for a quartz glass microcylinder 60 μm in diameter, a change in the wavelength from 3 to 5 μm leads to the spot width variation by 0.09 of the focused radiation wavelength, while for a prism, by 0.05 of the focused radiation wavelength on average.
{"title":"Formation of Photonic Nanojets by Two-Dimensional Microprisms","authors":"V. D. Zaitsev, S. S. Stafeev, V. V. Kotlyar","doi":"10.1134/s0030400x24700115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0030400x24700115","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The focusing of laser radiation with triangular dielectric prisms has been numerically studied using the finite element method implemented in the COMSOL Multiphysics software package. It has been shown that two-dimensional triangular prisms make it possible to focus light in free space into spots smaller than the scalar diffraction limit. For example, a quartz glass prism with a base width of 60 μm and a height of 28.5 μm illuminated by light with a wavelength of 4 μm produces a photonic nanojet with the maximum intensity that exceeds the incident radiation intensity by a factor of 6 and has a full width at half maximum of 0.38 of the focused radiation wavelength. The focal spot size can be decreased by selecting the height of the prism so as to the maximum intensity was located inside it. In particular, a barium titanate prism with a height of 21 μm and a base width of 60 μm forms a focal spot directly behind its apex with a width at half maximum equal to 0.25 of the focused radiation wavelength. It has been shown that the use of a prism weakens the wavelength dependence of the focal spot width as compared with the case of a microcylinder. In particular, for a quartz glass microcylinder 60 μm in diameter, a change in the wavelength from 3 to 5 μm leads to the spot width variation by 0.09 of the focused radiation wavelength, while for a prism, by 0.05 of the focused radiation wavelength on average.</p>","PeriodicalId":723,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Spectroscopy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140562262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01DOI: 10.1134/s0030400x23100028
N. E. Belikov, A. Yu. Lukin, S. D. Varfolomeev, I. I. Levina, L. E. Petrovskaya, O. V. Demina, V. A. Barachevsky, A. A. Khodonov
Abstract
The methods of absorption electronic and NMR spectroscopy were used to study the processes of complexation during the interaction of molecules of unsubstituted indoline spiropyran with aluminum salts. The mechanism of formation and structure of complexes of two types has been established. Negative photochromism of the complex of the merocyanine form of spiropyran with aluminum ions was found. The stability of metal complexes to the action of various agents has been investigated.
{"title":"Spectral Study of the Structure and Properties of Complexes of Unsubstituted Indoline Spiropyran with Aluminum Ions","authors":"N. E. Belikov, A. Yu. Lukin, S. D. Varfolomeev, I. I. Levina, L. E. Petrovskaya, O. V. Demina, V. A. Barachevsky, A. A. Khodonov","doi":"10.1134/s0030400x23100028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0030400x23100028","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The methods of absorption electronic and NMR spectroscopy were used to study the processes of complexation during the interaction of molecules of unsubstituted indoline spiropyran with aluminum salts. The mechanism of formation and structure of complexes of two types has been established. Negative photochromism of the complex of the merocyanine form of spiropyran with aluminum ions was found. The stability of metal complexes to the action of various agents has been investigated.</p>","PeriodicalId":723,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Spectroscopy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140561815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01DOI: 10.1134/s0030400x23100132
V. V. Lider
Abstract
The review is devoted to the principles, state of the art and problems of diffractive optics used to focus X-ray and γ-radiation in telescopes at orbital stations. Various multilayer structures for normal incidence telescopes, supermirrors for Wolter optics, Laue lens as a soft γ-radiation concentrator, as well as modified Fresnel zone plates for focusing radiation in a wide energy range with an unprecedented high angular resolution (10–1–10–3″).
摘要 本综述专门介绍轨道站望远镜中用于聚焦X射线和γ射线的衍射光学原理、技术现状和问题。文章介绍了用于法线入射望远镜的各种多层结构、用于 Wolter 光学系统的超级反射镜、作为软 γ 辐射聚光器的 Laue 透镜，以及用于在宽能量范围内以前所未有的高角度分辨率（10-1-10-3″）聚焦辐射的改良菲涅尔区板。
{"title":"Focusing Diffraction Optics for Orbital Telescopes","authors":"V. V. Lider","doi":"10.1134/s0030400x23100132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0030400x23100132","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The review is devoted to the principles, state of the art and problems of diffractive optics used to focus X-ray and γ-radiation in telescopes at orbital stations. Various multilayer structures for normal incidence telescopes, supermirrors for Wolter optics, Laue lens as a soft γ-radiation concentrator, as well as modified Fresnel zone plates for focusing radiation in a wide energy range with an unprecedented high angular resolution (10<sup>–1</sup>–10<sup>–3</sup>″).</p>","PeriodicalId":723,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Spectroscopy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140561890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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