Background/aim: Beta2-glycoprotein I (β2-GPI) is a plasma glycoprotein with multiple physiological functions, but its relationship with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still poorly understood. HCC is one of the most common forms of liver cancer and is a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the association between β2-GPI and liver cancer and further validate its potential as a biomarker for HCC.
Patients and methods: Thirty-six patients diagnosed with HCC at the Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, E-Da Hospital, Taiwan, were included in the study. The expression levels of β2-GPI in plasma specimens from patients with HCC were determined by enzyme immunoassay and analyzed in relation to clinicopathological variables using the Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. The predictive significance of β2-GPI for both overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) was assessed using Kaplan-Meier estimates, and the statistical significance of differences was evaluated through the log-rank test. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to evaluate the association between OS/DFS time and clinicopathological characteristics.
Results: Results: Plasma β2-GPI levels were significantly lower in patients with HCC compared to non-cancer controls and significantly correlated with aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels of HCC. High plasma β2-GPI levels were significantly associated with better OS and DFS in HCC patients. Furthermore, in multiple variates analyses, OS was found to be significantly better in HCC patients with higher plasma β2-GPI expression.
Conclusion: Elevated levels of β2-GPI protein in the plasma of HCC patients were identified as an independent factor predictive of improved OS and DFS. Activating β2-GPI in individuals at high risk could serve as a promising way for mitigating the progression of HCC.
{"title":"The Prognostic Significance of Plasma Beta2-Glycoprotein I Levels in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients.","authors":"Tsung-Jen Hsieh, Hung-Wei Pan, Yu-Yan Lan, Guan-Ying Hua, Yao-Chun Hsu, Wen-Chin Chiu","doi":"10.21873/cdp.10389","DOIUrl":"10.21873/cdp.10389","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Beta2-glycoprotein I (β2-GPI) is a plasma glycoprotein with multiple physiological functions, but its relationship with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still poorly understood. HCC is one of the most common forms of liver cancer and is a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the association between β2-GPI and liver cancer and further validate its potential as a biomarker for HCC.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Thirty-six patients diagnosed with HCC at the Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, E-Da Hospital, Taiwan, were included in the study. The expression levels of β2-GPI in plasma specimens from patients with HCC were determined by enzyme immunoassay and analyzed in relation to clinicopathological variables using the Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. The predictive significance of β2-GPI for both overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) was assessed using Kaplan-Meier estimates, and the statistical significance of differences was evaluated through the log-rank test. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to evaluate the association between OS/DFS time and clinicopathological characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results: Plasma β2-GPI levels were significantly lower in patients with HCC compared to non-cancer controls and significantly correlated with aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels of HCC. High plasma β2-GPI levels were significantly associated with better OS and DFS in HCC patients. Furthermore, in multiple variates analyses, OS was found to be significantly better in HCC patients with higher plasma β2-GPI expression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Elevated levels of β2-GPI protein in the plasma of HCC patients were identified as an independent factor predictive of improved OS and DFS. Activating β2-GPI in individuals at high risk could serve as a promising way for mitigating the progression of HCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":72510,"journal":{"name":"Cancer diagnosis & prognosis","volume":"4 6","pages":"735-742"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11534042/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142585004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-03eCollection Date: 2024-11-01DOI: 10.21873/cdp.10395
Anna-Lea Amylidi, Loukas Kontovinis, George Douganiotis, Ioannis Natsiopoulos, Konstantinos Papazisis
Background/aim: Breast cancer remains a significant health challenge, with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) improving clinical outcomes in certain subtypes. However, the role of NACT in hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative (HR+/HER2-) breast cancer is unclear due to various outcomes and generally low rates of pathologic complete response (pCR). This study introduces the Non-Luminal Disease Score (NOLUS) as a potential predictive tool for assessing the response to NACT in these cases.
Patients and methods: We retrospectively assessed patients diagnosed with locally advanced HR+/HER2- breast cancer who received NACT at our institution from 2009 to 2023. The study explored the association between NOLUS and pCR rates. NOLUS was calculated as positive or negative based on the percentage of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and Ki-67 in tumor cells. We also investigated the correlation between pCR and invasive disease-free survival (iDFS), and examined NOLUS positivity across different age groups.
Results: A total of 149 patients met the inclusion criteria. NOLUS-positive patients exhibited a significantly higher pCR rate of 33.33% compared to 10.4% in NOLUS-negative patients (p=0.0031). With a median follow-up of 2.47 years, NOLUS-positive patients who achieved pCR had a 100% iDFS rate, mirroring the pCR versus residual disease patterns seen in triple-negative patients. NOLUS positivity was observed in 20.43% of patients aged 22-50, compared to 8.93% in those over 50, though this difference was not statistically significant.
Conclusion: NOLUS exhibits potential in predicting pCR in HR+/HER2- breast cancer, serving as a cost-effective substitute for genomic tests.
{"title":"The Role of the NOLUS Score in Predicting pCR and iDFS in HR-positive HER2-negative Early Breast Cancer Patients who Received Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy.","authors":"Anna-Lea Amylidi, Loukas Kontovinis, George Douganiotis, Ioannis Natsiopoulos, Konstantinos Papazisis","doi":"10.21873/cdp.10395","DOIUrl":"10.21873/cdp.10395","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Breast cancer remains a significant health challenge, with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) improving clinical outcomes in certain subtypes. However, the role of NACT in hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative (HR+/HER2-) breast cancer is unclear due to various outcomes and generally low rates of pathologic complete response (pCR). This study introduces the Non-Luminal Disease Score (NOLUS) as a potential predictive tool for assessing the response to NACT in these cases.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>We retrospectively assessed patients diagnosed with locally advanced HR+/HER2- breast cancer who received NACT at our institution from 2009 to 2023. The study explored the association between NOLUS and pCR rates. NOLUS was calculated as positive or negative based on the percentage of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and Ki-67 in tumor cells. We also investigated the correlation between pCR and invasive disease-free survival (iDFS), and examined NOLUS positivity across different age groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 149 patients met the inclusion criteria. NOLUS-positive patients exhibited a significantly higher pCR rate of 33.33% compared to 10.4% in NOLUS-negative patients (p=0.0031). With a median follow-up of 2.47 years, NOLUS-positive patients who achieved pCR had a 100% iDFS rate, mirroring the pCR versus residual disease patterns seen in triple-negative patients. NOLUS positivity was observed in 20.43% of patients aged 22-50, compared to 8.93% in those over 50, though this difference was not statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>NOLUS exhibits potential in predicting pCR in HR+/HER2- breast cancer, serving as a cost-effective substitute for genomic tests.</p>","PeriodicalId":72510,"journal":{"name":"Cancer diagnosis & prognosis","volume":"4 6","pages":"775-782"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11534053/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142585073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim: This study aimed to investigate the utility of measuring amylase levels in drainage fluid (DFA) for early, non-invasive detection of anastomotic leakage (AL) in undergoing low anterior resection (LAR) for rectal cancer.
Patients and methods: This prospective observational cohort study analyzed drainage fluid samples from patients who underwent LAR for rectal cancer at two medical centers between February 2021 and December 2023. DFA levels were measured on postoperative days (PODs) 1, 3, and 5. AL was confirmed by clinical evidence and radiological imaging. Statistical analyses were performed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of DFA.
Results: Of 120 LAR cases, AL occurred in five (4.16%). DFA levels on POD 3 and 5 were significantly higher in the AL than in the non-AL group (p<0.0001). DFA on POD 5 had the highest diagnostic accuracy for early AL detection, with an area under the curve of 0.99, achieving 100% sensitivity and 99.5% specificity at a cutoff of 846 U/l. A DFA >846 U/l predicted AL with negative predictive and positive predictive values of 83.3% and 100%, respectively, on POD 5.
Conclusion: Measuring DFA is a non-invasive, simple and cost-effective method for early AL detection in patients with rectal cancer undergoing LAR. Our findings also suggested that drain placement may be useful for the early detection of AL through DFA measurement.
目的:本研究旨在探讨测量引流液(DFA)中的淀粉酶水平对早期无创检测直肠癌低位前切除术(LAR)吻合口漏(AL)的实用性:这项前瞻性观察性队列研究分析了 2021 年 2 月至 2023 年 12 月期间在两家医疗中心接受直肠癌 LAR 手术的患者的引流液样本。在术后第 1、3 和 5 天 (POD) 测定 DFA 水平。AL由临床证据和放射成像确认。对 DFA 的诊断性能进行了统计分析:结果:在 120 例 LAR 中,有 5 例(4.16%)发生了 AL。POD3和POD5的DFA水平在AL组明显高于非AL组(P846 U/l预测AL,POD5的阴性预测值和阳性预测值分别为83.3%和100%):在接受 LAR 的直肠癌患者中,测量 DFA 是一种无创、简单且经济有效的早期 AL 检测方法。我们的研究结果还表明,通过测量 DFA,放置引流管可能有助于早期发现 AL。
{"title":"Drainage Fluid Amylase as a Biomarker for the Detection of Anastomotic Leakage After Low Anterior Resection of Rectal Cancer: A Two-center Study.","authors":"Yasuhiro Ishiyama, Yasumitsu Hirano, Misuzu Yamato, Sohei Akuta, Masatoshi Yoshizawa, Takatsugu Fujii, Naoto Okazaki, Chikashi Hiranuma, Shinichi Sakuramoto","doi":"10.21873/cdp.10399","DOIUrl":"10.21873/cdp.10399","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the utility of measuring amylase levels in drainage fluid (DFA) for early, non-invasive detection of anastomotic leakage (AL) in undergoing low anterior resection (LAR) for rectal cancer.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This prospective observational cohort study analyzed drainage fluid samples from patients who underwent LAR for rectal cancer at two medical centers between February 2021 and December 2023. DFA levels were measured on postoperative days (PODs) 1, 3, and 5. AL was confirmed by clinical evidence and radiological imaging. Statistical analyses were performed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of DFA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 120 LAR cases, AL occurred in five (4.16%). DFA levels on POD 3 and 5 were significantly higher in the AL than in the non-AL group (p<0.0001). DFA on POD 5 had the highest diagnostic accuracy for early AL detection, with an area under the curve of 0.99, achieving 100% sensitivity and 99.5% specificity at a cutoff of 846 U/l. A DFA >846 U/l predicted AL with negative predictive and positive predictive values of 83.3% and 100%, respectively, on POD 5.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Measuring DFA is a non-invasive, simple and cost-effective method for early AL detection in patients with rectal cancer undergoing LAR. Our findings also suggested that drain placement may be useful for the early detection of AL through DFA measurement.</p>","PeriodicalId":72510,"journal":{"name":"Cancer diagnosis & prognosis","volume":"4 6","pages":"802-807"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11534043/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142580814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background/aim: In prostate cancer, robotic total prostatectomy is a popular treatment modality. However, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) recurrence after prostate cancer surgery remains a concern. Salvage radiotherapy is commonly used to treat PSA recurrence, but the recurrence rate after salvage radiotherapy is high, highlighting the need for better predictive markers. This study aimed to retrospectively evaluate the association between cribriform pattern and PSA recurrence in patients receiving radiotherapy after radical prostatectomy.
Patients and methods: Data of 50 patients who underwent radiotherapy after total prostatectomy between January 2010 and May 2020 were retrospectively evaluated. The median age was 67 years. Among these patients, two cases involved postoperative irradiation, while 48 cases involved salvage irradiation after postoperative PSA recurrence. The median time from surgery to PSA recurrence was 38.3 months. The median radiation dose was 64 Gy in 32 fractions. Three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy was administered in 38 cases and intensity-modulated radiation therapy was used in 12 cases. Combined hormone therapy was administered in 21 cases. PSA levels were measured every 3 months after treatment. Statistical analysis between groups was performed by a t-test.
Results: The median follow-up period after radiotherapy was 31 months. No local recurrences were observed at the prostate bed, and no deaths related to prostate cancer were recorded during follow-up. However, 18 patients (36.0%) had PSA recurrence. The PSA recurrence rate based on the cribriform pattern was 17.6% in the none to moderate group (34 patients) and 75.0% in the severe cribriform pattern group (16 patients). The PSA recurrence rate was significantly higher in patients with a severe invasive cribriform pattern (p=0.001). No significant differences were observed in other histopathological characteristics.
Conclusion: The cribriform pattern in surgical pathology specimens was found to be a useful predictor of PSA recurrence after postoperative radiotherapy.
{"title":"Cribriform Pattern Is a Predictive Factor of PSA Recurrence in Patients Receiving Radiotherapy After Prostatectomy.","authors":"Masahiro Kawahara, Akira Tanaka, Keiko Akahane, Masashi Endo, Yukiko Fukuda, Kohei Okada, Kazunari Ogawa, Satoru Takahashi, Michiko Nakamura, Tsuzumi Konishi, Kimitoshi Saito, Satoshi Washino, Tomoaki Miyagawa, Masahiro Hiruta, Hisashi Oshiro, Noriko Oyama-Manabe, Katsuyuki Shirai","doi":"10.21873/cdp.10386","DOIUrl":"10.21873/cdp.10386","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>In prostate cancer, robotic total prostatectomy is a popular treatment modality. However, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) recurrence after prostate cancer surgery remains a concern. Salvage radiotherapy is commonly used to treat PSA recurrence, but the recurrence rate after salvage radiotherapy is high, highlighting the need for better predictive markers. This study aimed to retrospectively evaluate the association between cribriform pattern and PSA recurrence in patients receiving radiotherapy after radical prostatectomy.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Data of 50 patients who underwent radiotherapy after total prostatectomy between January 2010 and May 2020 were retrospectively evaluated. The median age was 67 years. Among these patients, two cases involved postoperative irradiation, while 48 cases involved salvage irradiation after postoperative PSA recurrence. The median time from surgery to PSA recurrence was 38.3 months. The median radiation dose was 64 Gy in 32 fractions. Three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy was administered in 38 cases and intensity-modulated radiation therapy was used in 12 cases. Combined hormone therapy was administered in 21 cases. PSA levels were measured every 3 months after treatment. Statistical analysis between groups was performed by a t-test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median follow-up period after radiotherapy was 31 months. No local recurrences were observed at the prostate bed, and no deaths related to prostate cancer were recorded during follow-up. However, 18 patients (36.0%) had PSA recurrence. The PSA recurrence rate based on the cribriform pattern was 17.6% in the none to moderate group (34 patients) and 75.0% in the severe cribriform pattern group (16 patients). The PSA recurrence rate was significantly higher in patients with a severe invasive cribriform pattern (p=0.001). No significant differences were observed in other histopathological characteristics.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The cribriform pattern in surgical pathology specimens was found to be a useful predictor of PSA recurrence after postoperative radiotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":72510,"journal":{"name":"Cancer diagnosis & prognosis","volume":"4 6","pages":"715-721"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11534056/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142584655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background/aim: Trastuzumab (TRA) is a key drug in human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer treatment. Infusion reactions (IR) with TRA are frequently observed in practice. Although the efficacy of premedication has been previously reported, it remains uncommon. The probability of severe IR due to TRA is low; however, when it does occur, it is associated with patient discomfort and expenditure of medical resources. This study aimed to analyze the factors associated with the occurrence of IR in patients with breast cancer who received TRA.
Patients and methods: We retrospectively studied 204 patients who underwent TRA for breast cancer treatment between September 2008 and June 2023, identifying factors influencing the occurrence of IR at the time of TRA administration.
Results: A total of 182 patients were included in this study, and the incidence of IR was 25.8% (47/182 patients). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that pertuzumab (PER) use, high alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels were associated with IR.
Conclusion: IR should be considered when PER is combined with TRA. ALP and HDL cholesterol levels may be predictive markers of TRA-induced IR in patients with breast cancer.
背景/目的:曲妥珠单抗(TRA)是治疗人表皮生长因子受体 2 型(HER2)阳性乳腺癌的关键药物。在实践中经常观察到使用 TRA 时出现输注反应(IR)。虽然之前已有关于预处理疗效的报道,但仍不常见。TRA导致严重输液反应的概率很低;然而,一旦发生,就会给患者带来不适并耗费医疗资源。本研究旨在分析接受 TRA 的乳腺癌患者发生 IR 的相关因素:我们对 2008 年 9 月至 2023 年 6 月间接受 TRA 治疗的 204 例乳腺癌患者进行了回顾性研究,找出了影响患者在接受 TRA 治疗时发生 IR 的因素:本研究共纳入 182 例患者,IR 发生率为 25.8%(47/182 例)。多元逻辑回归分析显示,使用百妥珠单抗(PER)、高碱性磷酸酶(ALP)和低高密度脂蛋白(HDL)胆固醇水平与IR有关:结论:PER 与 TRA 联用时应考虑 IR。ALP和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平可能是乳腺癌患者TRA诱发IR的预测指标。
{"title":"Factors Associated With Infusion Reactions in Patients With Breast Cancer Receiving Trastuzumab.","authors":"Ryuji Yamaguchi, Masanobu Uchiyama, Motoyasu Miyazaki, Toshinobu Hayashi, Kohei Oyabu, Takafumi Nakano, Koichi Matsuo","doi":"10.21873/cdp.10387","DOIUrl":"10.21873/cdp.10387","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Trastuzumab (TRA) is a key drug in human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer treatment. Infusion reactions (IR) with TRA are frequently observed in practice. Although the efficacy of premedication has been previously reported, it remains uncommon. The probability of severe IR due to TRA is low; however, when it does occur, it is associated with patient discomfort and expenditure of medical resources. This study aimed to analyze the factors associated with the occurrence of IR in patients with breast cancer who received TRA.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>We retrospectively studied 204 patients who underwent TRA for breast cancer treatment between September 2008 and June 2023, identifying factors influencing the occurrence of IR at the time of TRA administration.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 182 patients were included in this study, and the incidence of IR was 25.8% (47/182 patients). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that pertuzumab (PER) use, high alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels were associated with IR.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>IR should be considered when PER is combined with TRA. ALP and HDL cholesterol levels may be predictive markers of TRA-induced IR in patients with breast cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":72510,"journal":{"name":"Cancer diagnosis & prognosis","volume":"4 6","pages":"722-728"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11534052/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142585015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background/aim: Owing to underlying diseases and decreased physiological functions, frailty in elderly patients may be associated with adverse postoperative complications and mortality. To date, there are various frailty assessment methods, with the five-item modified frailty index (mFI-5) being an objective and concise evaluation tool. This study aimed to clarify whether mFI-5 scoring, a measure of frailty, can predict postoperative outcomes in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal surgery.
Patients and methods: A total of 107 patients aged over 80 years who underwent laparoscopic colorectal surgery at Nagasaki University Hospital between 2011 and 2018 were included in this study. The mFI-5 was used to assess the preoperative condition of each patient, with scores compared against various postoperative outcome measures. Univariate analysis was used to determine between-group differences for pre- and post-operative variables.
Results: Of the 107 patients [median age, 83 (80-99) years], 44.9% were male. The mFI-5 score was calculated and patients were divided into three groups: 0 (n=36, 33.6%); 1 (n=44, 41.1%); and 2+ (n=27, 25.3%). The groups were significantly associated with the American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) classification (p<0.001). Postoperative complications occurred in 43 patients (40.2%), and a higher mFI-5 score was significantly associated with postoperative complications of Clavien-Dindo grade ≥III and duration of hospital stay.
Conclusion: The mFI-5 is an objective and useful tool for predicting postoperative complications of laparoscopic surgery in elderly patients with colorectal cancer.
{"title":"Five-item Modified Frailty Index in Elderly Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Colorectal Surgery Predicts Postoperative Complications.","authors":"Satomi Okada, Yusuke Inoue, Toshiyuki Adachi, Shinichiro Ito, Tomohiko Adachi, Akihiko Soyama, Kazuma Kobayashi, Masaaki Hidaka, Kengo Kanetaka, Susumu Eguchi","doi":"10.21873/cdp.10388","DOIUrl":"10.21873/cdp.10388","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Owing to underlying diseases and decreased physiological functions, frailty in elderly patients may be associated with adverse postoperative complications and mortality. To date, there are various frailty assessment methods, with the five-item modified frailty index (mFI-5) being an objective and concise evaluation tool. This study aimed to clarify whether mFI-5 scoring, a measure of frailty, can predict postoperative outcomes in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal surgery.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>A total of 107 patients aged over 80 years who underwent laparoscopic colorectal surgery at Nagasaki University Hospital between 2011 and 2018 were included in this study. The mFI-5 was used to assess the preoperative condition of each patient, with scores compared against various postoperative outcome measures. Univariate analysis was used to determine between-group differences for pre- and post-operative variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 107 patients [median age, 83 (80-99) years], 44.9% were male. The mFI-5 score was calculated and patients were divided into three groups: 0 (n=36, 33.6%); 1 (n=44, 41.1%); and 2+ (n=27, 25.3%). The groups were significantly associated with the American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) classification (p<0.001). Postoperative complications occurred in 43 patients (40.2%), and a higher mFI-5 score was significantly associated with postoperative complications of Clavien-Dindo grade ≥III and duration of hospital stay.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The mFI-5 is an objective and useful tool for predicting postoperative complications of laparoscopic surgery in elderly patients with colorectal cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":72510,"journal":{"name":"Cancer diagnosis & prognosis","volume":"4 6","pages":"729-734"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11534048/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142585018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background/aim: Although the impact of body composition on cancer treatment outcomes of patients with cancer has been increasingly reported, it is still unclear whether the radiodensity of subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) on computed tomography (CT) images has a prognostic impact on patients with gastric cancer. We measured muscle and SAT profiles on CT and performed an integrated analysis with clinicopathologic factors.
Patients and methods: We retrospectively analyzed 230 patients with gastric cancer who underwent gastrectomy between June 2016 and December 2020. SAT radiodensity (SAT-R), and skeletal muscle index (SMI) were measured in preoperative CT images. These were compared with clinicopathologic factors, overall survival (OS), and recurrence-free survival (RFS).
Results: High SAT-R was significantly associated with older age (p=0.003) and lower BMI, lymphocyte, hemoglobin, γ-GTP, cholinesterase, albumin, and triglyceride values (p<0.001, <0.001, 0.027, 0.032, <0.001, 0.001, and <0.001, respectively). In the univariate analysis, high SAT-R, and low SMI were significantly associated with poor OS (p=0.003 and <0.001) and poor RFS (p=0.014 and 0.011). In the multivariate analysis by Cox proportional hazard model, high SAT-R and low SMI were identified as independent prognostic factors for poor OS (p=0.037 and 0.007).
Conclusion: High SAT-R on preoperative CT was associated with poor OS in patients with gastric cancer after gastrectomy. SAT-R has a potential to be a novel prognostic marker for surgically treated patients with gastric cancer.
背景/目的:尽管身体成分对癌症患者治疗结果的影响已有越来越多的报道,但目前仍不清楚计算机断层扫描(CT)图像上皮下脂肪组织(SAT)的放射性密度是否对胃癌患者的预后有影响。我们测量了 CT 上肌肉和 SAT 的轮廓,并与临床病理因素进行了综合分析:我们对2016年6月至2020年12月期间接受胃切除术的230例胃癌患者进行了回顾性分析。在术前 CT 图像中测量了 SAT 放射性密度(SAT-R)和骨骼肌指数(SMI)。这些数据与临床病理因素、总生存率(OS)和无复发生存率(RFS)进行了比较:结果:高 SAT-R 与年龄偏大(p=0.003)、体重指数(BMI)、淋巴细胞、血红蛋白、γ-GTP、胆碱酯酶、白蛋白和甘油三酯值偏低(p=0.003)明显相关:术前 CT 上的高 SAT-R 与胃癌患者胃切除术后的不良 OS 有关。SAT-R 有可能成为手术治疗胃癌患者的新型预后标志物。
{"title":"High Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue Radiodensity Predicts Poor Prognosis in Patients With Gastric Cancer.","authors":"Shinichiro Iida, Yasunori Matsumoto, Takeshi Toyozumi, Ryota Otsuka, Tadashi Shiraishi, Hiroki Morishita, Tenshi Makiyama, Yuri Nishioka, Masanari Yamada, Atsushi Hirata, Koichi Hayano, Gaku Ohira, Masayuki Kano, Hisahiro Matsubara","doi":"10.21873/cdp.10392","DOIUrl":"10.21873/cdp.10392","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Although the impact of body composition on cancer treatment outcomes of patients with cancer has been increasingly reported, it is still unclear whether the radiodensity of subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) on computed tomography (CT) images has a prognostic impact on patients with gastric cancer. We measured muscle and SAT profiles on CT and performed an integrated analysis with clinicopathologic factors.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed 230 patients with gastric cancer who underwent gastrectomy between June 2016 and December 2020. SAT radiodensity (SAT-R), and skeletal muscle index (SMI) were measured in preoperative CT images. These were compared with clinicopathologic factors, overall survival (OS), and recurrence-free survival (RFS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>High SAT-R was significantly associated with older age (p=0.003) and lower BMI, lymphocyte, hemoglobin, γ-GTP, cholinesterase, albumin, and triglyceride values (p<0.001, <0.001, 0.027, 0.032, <0.001, 0.001, and <0.001, respectively). In the univariate analysis, high SAT-R, and low SMI were significantly associated with poor OS (p=0.003 and <0.001) and poor RFS (p=0.014 and 0.011). In the multivariate analysis by Cox proportional hazard model, high SAT-R and low SMI were identified as independent prognostic factors for poor OS (p=0.037 and 0.007).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>High SAT-R on preoperative CT was associated with poor OS in patients with gastric cancer after gastrectomy. SAT-R has a potential to be a novel prognostic marker for surgically treated patients with gastric cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":72510,"journal":{"name":"Cancer diagnosis & prognosis","volume":"4 6","pages":"754-761"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11534057/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142585025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background/aim: There is little evidence regarding the predictive value of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) kinetics in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer treated with an androgen receptor signaling inhibitor. This study investigated the correlation between PSA kinetics and prognosis in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer treated with enzalutamide.
Patients and methods: We analyzed data from 103 patients who received enzalutamide as primary treatment for castration-resistant prostate cancer at our hospital, focusing on the associations between overall survival and PSA kinetics variables, such as maximal PSA response, PSA nadir, and time to PSA nadir.
Results: The median PSA level at the initiation of enzalutamide was 18.1 ng/ml (interquartile range=7.9-61.2 ng/ml). The median maximal PSA response rate was 88% (interquartile range 55-98), and the median PSA nadir was 1.84 (interquartile range (IQR)=0.38-14.7) ng/ml. The median time to PSA nadir was 19 (IQR=6-28.5) weeks. Maximal PSA response rate <90% [hazard ratio (HR)=2.28, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.03-5.03, p=0.0413], PSA nadir >2 ng/ml (HR=2.30, 95%CI=1.05-5.07, p=0.0379), time to nadir <19 weeks (HR=2.48, 95%CI=1.15-5.35, p=0.0204) were all independently predictive of shortened overall survival even after adjusting for pre-treatment factors.
Conclusion: Maximal PSA response, PSA nadir, and time to PSA nadir correlated with survival in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer receiving enzalutamide as a first-line therapy.
{"title":"PSA Kinetics Affect Prognosis in Patients With Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer Treated With Enzalutamide.","authors":"Toshiki Oka, Koji Hatano, Masaru Tani, Akihiro Yoshimura, Yuki Horibe, Yutong Liu, Nesrine Sassi, Yohei Okuda, Akinaru Yamamoto, Toshihiro Uemura, Gaku Yamamichi, Y U Ishizuya, Yoshiyuki Yamamoto, Taigo Kato, Atsunari Kawashima, Kazutoshi Fujita, Norio Nonomura","doi":"10.21873/cdp.10385","DOIUrl":"10.21873/cdp.10385","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>There is little evidence regarding the predictive value of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) kinetics in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer treated with an androgen receptor signaling inhibitor. This study investigated the correlation between PSA kinetics and prognosis in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer treated with enzalutamide.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>We analyzed data from 103 patients who received enzalutamide as primary treatment for castration-resistant prostate cancer at our hospital, focusing on the associations between overall survival and PSA kinetics variables, such as maximal PSA response, PSA nadir, and time to PSA nadir.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median PSA level at the initiation of enzalutamide was 18.1 ng/ml (interquartile range=7.9-61.2 ng/ml). The median maximal PSA response rate was 88% (interquartile range 55-98), and the median PSA nadir was 1.84 (interquartile range (IQR)=0.38-14.7) ng/ml. The median time to PSA nadir was 19 (IQR=6-28.5) weeks. Maximal PSA response rate <90% [hazard ratio (HR)=2.28, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.03-5.03, p=0.0413], PSA nadir >2 ng/ml (HR=2.30, 95%CI=1.05-5.07, p=0.0379), time to nadir <19 weeks (HR=2.48, 95%CI=1.15-5.35, p=0.0204) were all independently predictive of shortened overall survival even after adjusting for pre-treatment factors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Maximal PSA response, PSA nadir, and time to PSA nadir correlated with survival in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer receiving enzalutamide as a first-line therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":72510,"journal":{"name":"Cancer diagnosis & prognosis","volume":"4 6","pages":"706-714"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11534038/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142585049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background/aim: Enfortumab Vedotin (EV) is a widely used antibody-drug conjugate for patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma (UC) who have previously been treated with platinum-based chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors. However, limited information is currently available on prognostic factors and risk classification. Therefore, the present study attempted to identify clinical factors that predict outcomes in patients with advanced UC treated with EV and to develop a novel risk classification model.
Patients and methods: We conducted a multicenter retrospective study including patients with advanced UC treated with EV. Oncological outcomes were assessed using progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), and prognostic factors for PFS and OS were investigated. We then examined the usefulness of risk classification based on the prognostic factors identified.
Results: Median PFS and OS were 7.1 and 16.3 months, respectively. High C-reactive protein levels (CRP level ≥0.5 mg/dl) and hypercalcemia (corrected calcium level >10.2 mg/dl) were identified as prognostic factors for PFS (p=0.012 and p=0.003, respectively) and OS (p=0.035 and p<0.001, respectively). We then divided patients into three risk groups: no prognostic factors group, one prognostic factor group, and two prognostic factors group. Significant differences were observed in PFS and OS among the three groups (p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively) and c-indices were 0.766 for PFS and 0.800 for OS.
Conclusion: The risk classification using CRP and hypercalcemia is useful for predicting the outcomes of patients with advanced UC treated with EV.
背景/目的:恩福妥单抗维多汀(EV)是一种广泛应用的抗体药物共轭物,用于治疗既往接受过铂类化疗和免疫检查点抑制剂治疗的晚期尿路上皮癌(UC)患者。然而,目前有关预后因素和风险分类的信息十分有限。因此,本研究试图找出预测接受EV治疗的晚期UC患者预后的临床因素,并建立一个新的风险分类模型:我们进行了一项多中心回顾性研究,研究对象包括接受EV治疗的晚期UC患者。我们用无进展生存期(PFS)和总生存期(OS)评估了肿瘤结果,并调查了PFS和OS的预后因素。然后,我们根据确定的预后因素研究了风险分类的实用性:中位 PFS 和 OS 分别为 7.1 个月和 16.3 个月。高C反应蛋白水平(CRP水平≥0.5 mg/dl)和高钙血症(校正钙水平>10.2 mg/dl)被认为是PFS(P=0.012和P=0.003)和OS(P=0.035和P=0.003)的预后因素:使用 CRP 和高钙血症进行风险分类有助于预测接受 EV 治疗的晚期 UC 患者的预后。
{"title":"Risk Classification of Patients With Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma Treated With Enfortumab Vedotin.","authors":"Gaku Ishikawa, Yuto Matsushita, Yuichi Kitagawa, Asuka Uchiyama, Yuya Oishi, Hiroki Tanaka, Shinya Watanabe, Eito Suzuki, Shunsuke Watanabe, Kyohei Watanabe, Hiromitsu Watanabe, Keita Tamura, Daisuke Motoyama, Rikiya Matsumoto, Toshiki Ito, Masao Nagata, Toshiyuki Unno, Hiroshi Furuse, Takuji Mizuno, Atsushi Otsuka","doi":"10.21873/cdp.10396","DOIUrl":"10.21873/cdp.10396","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Enfortumab Vedotin (EV) is a widely used antibody-drug conjugate for patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma (UC) who have previously been treated with platinum-based chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors. However, limited information is currently available on prognostic factors and risk classification. Therefore, the present study attempted to identify clinical factors that predict outcomes in patients with advanced UC treated with EV and to develop a novel risk classification model.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>We conducted a multicenter retrospective study including patients with advanced UC treated with EV. Oncological outcomes were assessed using progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), and prognostic factors for PFS and OS were investigated. We then examined the usefulness of risk classification based on the prognostic factors identified.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Median PFS and OS were 7.1 and 16.3 months, respectively. High C-reactive protein levels (CRP level ≥0.5 mg/dl) and hypercalcemia (corrected calcium level >10.2 mg/dl) were identified as prognostic factors for PFS (p=0.012 and p=0.003, respectively) and OS (p=0.035 and p<0.001, respectively). We then divided patients into three risk groups: no prognostic factors group, one prognostic factor group, and two prognostic factors group. Significant differences were observed in PFS and OS among the three groups (p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively) and c-indices were 0.766 for PFS and 0.800 for OS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The risk classification using CRP and hypercalcemia is useful for predicting the outcomes of patients with advanced UC treated with EV.</p>","PeriodicalId":72510,"journal":{"name":"Cancer diagnosis & prognosis","volume":"4 6","pages":"783-788"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11534046/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142585053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-03eCollection Date: 2024-11-01DOI: 10.21873/cdp.10401
Seok Ho Lee, Woori Park, Dong Hae Jung
Background/aim: Parotid oncocytomas typically present as benign, unilateral, slow-growing, painless, and solitary masses that are histologically firm and multilobulated. They are often misdiagnosed as pleomorphic adenomas, hemangiomas, or other forms of oncocytosis. However, in our case, the parotid oncocytomas initially mimicked bilateral parotid gland metastasis of advanced oropharyngeal cancer. Here, we present a case of oropharyngeal cancer with bilateral parotid oncocytomas treated with chemoradiotherapy (CCRT).
Case report: We report the case of a 74-year-old man with a sore throat, neck pain, right earache, oropharyngeal cancer, and bilateral parotid gland oncocytoma. Head and neck computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed soft-tissue swelling in the right tonsillar fossa and several enlarged level II neck lymph nodes. MRI revealed enhancing masses in both parotid glands, initially suspected to be metastatic lymph nodes. A biopsy of the right palatine tonsil confirmed squamous cell carcinoma with human papilloma virus-16 positivity. A positron emission tomography scan was performed, and biopsy-proven malignant lesions were observed in the right tonsillar region with metastatic lymph nodes in the right and left neck. Focal hypermetabolism was observed in the parotid glands, suspected to be pathological lesions such as metastatic intra-parotid lymph node or Warthin's tumor. An ultrasonography-guided biopsy of the left parotid gland confirmed an oncocytoma. Based on these results, the patient was scheduled for CCRT. After pathological confirmation of parotid oncocytoma, CCRT was administered, excluding the parotid glands within the radiotherapy field.
Conclusion: This is a case of bilateral parotid gland oncocytoma mimicking oropharyngeal cancer.
{"title":"Bilateral Parotid Gland Oncocytoma Mimicking Oropharyngeal Cancer Metastasis: A Case Report from a Radiation Oncologist's Perspective.","authors":"Seok Ho Lee, Woori Park, Dong Hae Jung","doi":"10.21873/cdp.10401","DOIUrl":"10.21873/cdp.10401","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Parotid oncocytomas typically present as benign, unilateral, slow-growing, painless, and solitary masses that are histologically firm and multilobulated. They are often misdiagnosed as pleomorphic adenomas, hemangiomas, or other forms of oncocytosis. However, in our case, the parotid oncocytomas initially mimicked bilateral parotid gland metastasis of advanced oropharyngeal cancer. Here, we present a case of oropharyngeal cancer with bilateral parotid oncocytomas treated with chemoradiotherapy (CCRT).</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>We report the case of a 74-year-old man with a sore throat, neck pain, right earache, oropharyngeal cancer, and bilateral parotid gland oncocytoma. Head and neck computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed soft-tissue swelling in the right tonsillar fossa and several enlarged level II neck lymph nodes. MRI revealed enhancing masses in both parotid glands, initially suspected to be metastatic lymph nodes. A biopsy of the right palatine tonsil confirmed squamous cell carcinoma with human papilloma virus-16 positivity. A positron emission tomography scan was performed, and biopsy-proven malignant lesions were observed in the right tonsillar region with metastatic lymph nodes in the right and left neck. Focal hypermetabolism was observed in the parotid glands, suspected to be pathological lesions such as metastatic intra-parotid lymph node or Warthin's tumor. An ultrasonography-guided biopsy of the left parotid gland confirmed an oncocytoma. Based on these results, the patient was scheduled for CCRT. After pathological confirmation of parotid oncocytoma, CCRT was administered, excluding the parotid glands within the radiotherapy field.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This is a case of bilateral parotid gland oncocytoma mimicking oropharyngeal cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":72510,"journal":{"name":"Cancer diagnosis & prognosis","volume":"4 6","pages":"814-818"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11534040/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142584581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}