Actas espanolas de psiquiatria最新文献

Background: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) usually affects the macular region of the retina, while seasonal affective disorder (SAD) is a complex mental disorder. However, the interaction between these two clinical conditions remains unexplored. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the influence of AMD on SAD and to assess the correlation of ocular pathology with lifestyle and mental health factors.

Methods: This study recruited 158 AMD patients admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, China, between January 2020 and October 2023. Based on their affection status, the patients were divided into two groups: the SAD group (n = 58) and the non-SAD group (n = 100). Baseline characteristics, including blood pressure, hematological parameters, ocular parameters, and lifestyle factors, were compared between the two groups to evaluate the potential influence of AMD on SAD.

Results: We observed specific differences in the family history of mental illness between the non-SAD and SAD groups (p < 0.001). However, the two groups' other baseline characteristics, such as blood pressure and hematological parameters, were comparable (p > 0.05). Additionally, significant differences were also observed in central retinal thickness (CRT), choroidal thickness, lesion atrophy area, and macular volume between the two groups (p < 0.001). Moreover, intraocular pressure (IOP) did not reveal a~significant difference between the two groups (p > 0.05). Compared with the SAD group, the non-SAD group had significantly better vision, longer exercise duration, sunlight exposure time, outdoor activity, and lower sedentary behavior (all p < 0.001). The logistic regression analysis indicated that increased macular volume (odds ratio (OR) = 3.054, p = 0.008) and sedentary behavior (OR = 4.382, p < 0.001) significantly increased SAD risk. Additionally, the absence of a family history of mental illness did not reach statistical significance (OR = 0.375, p = 0.129), but a specific correlation was still observed.

Conclusion: This study shows a correlation between SAD and AMD. The significant differences in ocular pathological characteristics, lifestyle factors, and mental health status between the SAD and non-SAD groups suggest the crucial role of visual function and lifestyle in regulating mood and circadian rhythm in AMD patients.

Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a prevalent neuropsychiatric condition associated with significant functional impairment and reduced quality of life. Environmental enrichment (EE), a model encompassing cognitive, social, and physical activities, has demonstrated antidepressant effects in animal models through mechanisms involving brain plasticity. In humans, the influence of EE on depressive symptoms and its clinical significance remain under investigation. This study evaluated the relationship between EE domains and the clinical symptoms of MDD, focusing on the possible modulatory effects of EE on depressive symptomatology.

Methods: We conducted an observational, cross-sectional study involving 50 adults diagnosed with MDD. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the 17-items Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (17-HDRS), and EE levels were measured using the Environmental Enrichment Indicator (EEI), which evaluates cognitive, social, and physical activity domains. Correlations between depressive symptoms and EEI domains were analyzed.

Results: Participants with higher 17-HDRS scores generally exhibited lower levels of EE. Additionally, individuals with more severe depressive symptoms were less likely to engage in cognitive activities compared to those with milder symptoms; however, this difference was not statistically significant (Kruskal-Wallis test, H = 3.82, df = 2, p = 0.14). Notably, higher EE levels were observed among younger participants.

Conclusions: The level of EE in individuals with depression may affect symptom severity. Further studies in clinical populations are needed to clarify the relationship between EE and depressive symptoms.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the status of depressive mood in elderly patients with cataract and its association with visual acuity and self-perceived burden (SPB).

Methods: A total of 210 senile patients with cataract attending the Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University between January 2025 and May 2025 were assessed with the scale, and 197 valid samples were finally obtained. Data on general demographics, underlying disease and best corrected visual acuity in both eyes were collected. The SPB scale (SPBS) and the self-rating depression scale (SDS) were used to assess the psychological state of the patients. Comparisons between groups were conducted using one-way analysis of variance and the relationship among visual acuity level, SPBS and SDS was analysed. Multiple logistic regression was performed for variables with p < 0.1 in univariate analysis to identify independent risk factors for depression.

Results: Of the 197 patients, 84 were male and 113 were female, 59.39% were aged 65 years and older and 64.97% had visual acuity of less than 0.5. The SDS scores ranged from 34 to 70, with a mean of 49.60 ± 8.33, and the total SPBS scores ranged from 12 to 44, with a mean of 26.15 ± 7.69. The Pearson's correlation showed that SDS was negatively correlated with visual acuity and significantly positively correlated with the total SPBS score and its dimensions. The results of multiple logistic regression suggested that age (OR = 1.051, p = 0.020), caregiver health status (OR = 1.968, p = 0.046) and diabetes mellitus (OR = 2.396, p = 0.038) were independent risk factors for depression in elderly patients with cataract.

Conclusion: Elderly patients with cataract have a high prevalence of depression, which is significantly associated with SPB and depression. Visual acuity level, age, health status of caregivers and comorbid diabetes have a significant impact on the risk of depression.

Background: Dysregulation of coagulation function associated with antipsychotic treatment remains poorly understood. This study investigates the potential impact of paliperidone on serum D-dimer levels during the early stages of treatment.

Methods: Nine patients diagnosed with first-episode schizophrenic spectrum disorder were assessed for serum D-dimer levels before and after a 2-week paliperidone regimen. Additionally, eight adult C57 mice in the experimental group (EG) received 3 mg/kg of paliperidone daily for 10 consecutive days, while eight mice in the control group (CG) were untreated. Venous blood was collected and analyzed for D-dimer at baseline, and on the 5th and 10th days in the EG, as well as on the 10th day for the CG.

Results: No significant differences were observed in serum D-dimer levels before and after paliperidone treatment in the patient cohort. In animal experiments, compared to the CG on the 10th day, serum D-dimer levels in the EG on the 10th day showed no significant difference (p > 0.05), while the level in the EG on the 5th day was significantly lower (p < 0.05). Compared to its baseline, serum D-dimer levels within the EG on the 5th day was significantly decreased (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Short-term paliperidone treatment had minimal effects on serum D-dimer levels in both human participants and mice, though transient changes were noted early in treatment. Nonetheless, the potential for drug-induced coagulation disruption should be considered in clinical practice.

Background: Computer games have become a significant recreational activity for individuals of all ages, particularly children and adolescents. This study aimed to predict suicidal thoughts based on computer game addiction, considering the mediating role of depression and the moderating role of the game genre among adolescents in Tehran.

Methods: Using structural equation modeling, a correlational design was considered for this purpose. The study population included 261 adolescents aged 12-18 years residing in Tehran. Participants completed the Farhadi Computer Game Addiction Questionnaire (2017), Beck's Suicidal Ideation Scale (1961), and Kutcher Adolescent Depression Scale (2002). The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS-26 and AMOS 24.

Results: The direct paths between suicidal thoughts and computer game addiction (β = 0.17), suicidal thoughts and depression (β = 0.51), and depression and online game addiction (β = 0.70) were found to be significant. The relationship between computer game addiction and suicidal thoughts and the mediating role of depression was not significant in adventure, traditional/educational, and simulation genre groups. However, it was significant in the action genre group (β = 0.32, p < 0.05).

Conclusion: These findings underscore the need for targeted interventions by counselors and psychologists to address the negative psychological effects of computer game addiction, particularly among adolescents engaging in action games.

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Objective: We aimed to analyse the association between executive function (EF) and depressive symptoms (DS) among college students and explore the roles played by procrastination behaviour (PB) and sleep quality (SQ) in this relationship.

Methods: Convenience sampling was adopted in this study. A total of 1618 college students (658 male, 960 female; mean age = 18.987 ± 1.305 years) completed self-administered questionnaires to assess DS and related factors. The Geurten-Questionnaire of Executive Functioning in Chinese College Students, General Procrastination Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Self-rating Depression Scale were used for the measurements. Normality test, Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis H test, Spearman correlation analysis, multicollinearity tests and Model 6 of the PROCESS macro program were employed for data analysis.

Results: The median score for DS was 47 (interquartile range: 37-58). Place of residence and being an only child were influencing factors of DS among college students (p < 0.05). Significant correlations were observed among executive function deficits (EFD), PB, sleep disturbances (SD) and DS in pairwise comparisons (r = 0.380-0.570, p < 0.01). Analyses revealed that the total indirect effect (0.178) accounted for 31.34% of the total effect (0.568). The indirect effect of EFD on DS through PB was 0.071 (95% CI = 0.042-0.101). The indirect effect of EFD on DS through SD was 0.072 (95% CI = 0.054-0.093). Meanwhile, the mediating effect through PB and SD was 0.035 (95% CI = 0.023-0.046).

Conclusion: A relatively high prevalence of DS was observed among college students. EFD influenced the DS of college students through the mediating or chain mediating effects of PB and SD, thus providing a theoretical basis for improving the mental health level of college students.

Background: Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is a prevalent degenerative spinal disorder, often accompanied by impaired sleep quality and depressive symptoms, which considerably affect patients' quality of life and hinder the recovery process.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the chain mediating effects of illness acceptance and family intimacy on the relationship between sleep quality and depressive symptoms in patients with LDH. The objective was to elucidate the psychosocial mechanisms influencing the psychological well-being of these patients.

Methods: A total of 110 patients diagnosed with LDH between January 2022 and January 2024 were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Participants completed validated questionnaires assessing sleep quality, illness acceptance, family intimacy and depressive symptoms, including the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Acceptance of Illness Scale (AIS), Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scales II (FACES II) and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS). Associations among the measured variables were assessed through Pearson correlation analysis. Mediation effects were analysed using the PROCESS v4.2 macro in SPSS, and the significance of the mediating effects was assessed via bootstrapping.

Results: A significant positive correlation was observed between the degree of sleep disturbance and depressive symptoms (r = 0.417, p < 0.01). Illness acceptance and family intimacy served as key mediators in the relationship between sleep quality and depressive symptoms. Specifically, poor sleep quality was associated with increased depressive symptoms through its negative effects on family intimacy (β = -0.211, p = 0.027) and illness acceptance (β = -0.266, p = 0.003). Mediation analysis indicated that the total indirect effect accounted for 35.10% of the total effect. The chain-mediated pathway, sleep quality → family intimacy → illness acceptance → depressive symptoms, had an effect size of 0.062 (Boot SE = 0.010, 95% CI: 0.005 to 0.043), indicating that this pathway was also valid.

Conclusion: Sleep quality is significantly associated with depressive symptoms in patients with LDH. Illness acceptance and family intimacy function as key mediators in this relationship. These findings underscore the importance of psychosocial factors in the mental health of patients with LDH and provide a theoretical foundation for developing targeted psychological interventions.