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Systems thinking guides a community building journey in Malaysian public housing 系统思维引导着马来西亚公共住房的社区建设之旅
Pub Date : 2023-10-04 DOI: 10.1080/23748834.2023.2260054
Uta Dietrich, Aishwariya Krishna Kumar, Shahridan Faiez
ABSTRACTMalaysia’s urban poor have been successfully rehoused in high-rise buildings during the country’s rapid development. However, quality of life and livelihoods in these complexes are deteriorating, widening inequalities. Considering housing as a complex system, this case study designed an iterative place-based community-building initiative with residents, covering multiple dimensions. The COVID-19 pandemic further exacerbated residents’ vulnerabilities, from job losses to food security. In turn, the programme restructured to meet residents’ emerging needs, adjusting existing plans. Surprisingly, pandemic-related programme changes also had positive outcomes. We share insights for methodology, implementation, scalability, policy implications, evaluation, and funding from a praxis perspective.KEYWORDS: Public housinghealth inequitiesMalaysia NoteThink City Sdn Bhd is an impact organisation seeking to make cities more liveable, environmentally and socially resilient and sustainable. From neighbourhood to national scale, Think City designs and delivers programmes around housing, safety, climate change, urban data to culture-based urban regeneration and heritage conservation via its co-investment and partnership approach (www.thinkcity.com.my).AcknowledgementsThe authors would like to thank the extensive network of partners who made this programme possible. This includes the community at PPR Kg Baru Hicom for driving the programme with their creativity and commitment; key collaborators such as PERWACOM as critical facilitators, PHSSB, MBI and other authorities for providing the necessary support and guidance; and all other partners for K2K and Rights To The City (R2C).Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).GeolocationThe geographical location mentioned in this paper is Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.Additional informationFundingThe work was supported by the Citi Foundation via CAF America [ID#G-ISC-20207598]; CIMB Bank; PNSB Construction Sdn Bhd.Notes on contributorsUta DietrichUta Dietrich is passionate about urban health, balancing the health of people, city and planet. Her career in Australia, Asia and now Europe has spanned practice, policy, education and research. Over the past 10 years she has applied a human development lens to urban rejuvenation with specific focus on vulnerable communities, public housing and climate & health as Director Social Resilience at Think City in Kuala Lumpur. Most recently Uta has joined the Centre of Expertise – Perspective in Health at Avans University of Applied Sciences in the Netherlands.Aishwariya Krishna KumarAishwariya Krishna Kumar has a varied background, with stints in refugee agencies, investments, and urban regeneration, complemented by an education in Economics and Political Science. She has spent 6 years working on urban resilience in Kuala Lumpur, understanding women’s safety, homelessness, and public housing. She enjoys gaining in-depth knowledge on d
【摘要】在马来西亚的高速发展过程中,城市贫民成功地居住在高层建筑中。然而,这些综合设施的生活质量和生计正在恶化,加剧了不平等。考虑到住房是一个复杂的系统,本案例研究设计了一个迭代的基于场所的社区建设倡议,涵盖了多个维度。2019冠状病毒病大流行进一步加剧了居民的脆弱性,从失业到粮食安全。反过来,该方案进行了重组,以满足居民的新需求,调整了现有的计划。令人惊讶的是,与大流行病有关的规划变化也产生了积极的结果。我们从实践的角度分享对方法、实现、可扩展性、政策含义、评估和资金的见解。关键词:公共住房卫生不平等马来西亚NoteThink City Sdn Bhd是一个影响力组织,寻求使城市更宜居,环境和社会弹性和可持续发展。从社区到全国范围,Think City通过其共同投资和伙伴关系的方式,设计并实施了围绕住房、安全、气候变化、城市数据、以文化为基础的城市更新和遗产保护的项目(www.thinkcity.com.my)。作者感谢使该项目成为可能的广泛合作伙伴网络。这包括PPR Kg Baru Hicom的社区,他们以创造力和承诺推动了该计划;主要合作者,如PERWACOM作为关键促进者,PHSSB, MBI和其他当局提供必要的支持和指导;以及K2K和城市权利(R2C)的所有其他合作伙伴。披露声明作者未报告潜在的利益冲突。地理位置本文提到的地理位置是马来西亚雪兰莪州的沙阿南。本研究由花旗基金会通过CAF America [id# g - iscc -20207598]提供支持;联昌国际银行;PNSB建筑有限公司suta Dietrich热衷于城市健康,平衡人、城市和地球的健康。她在澳大利亚、亚洲和现在的欧洲的职业生涯跨越了实践、政策、教育和研究。在过去的10年里,她将人类发展的视角应用于城市复兴,特别关注弱势社区、公共住房和气候与健康,担任吉隆坡Think City的社会韧性总监。最近,Uta加入了荷兰Avans应用科学大学的专业知识中心-健康视角。库马尔有着丰富的背景,在难民机构、投资和城市再生方面有过工作经历,并接受过经济学和政治学的教育。她花了6年时间在吉隆坡研究城市韧性,了解妇女的安全、无家可归和公共住房。她喜欢获得对不同社区和系统的深入了解,并将理论与实际实践相结合,以产生长期影响。在完成硕士学位后,她开始投身环保行动,解决河流和海洋中的塑料污染问题。Shahridan FaiezShahridan Faiez是可持续发展的实践者和思想家。他曾在世界银行担任高级社会发展专家十多年,在非洲、欧洲和中亚地区设计和实施了可持续发展项目。后来,他加入了马来西亚主权财富基金国库控股(Khazanah Nasional Berhad)。在马来西亚,他帮助创立了Think City,并开发了K2K项目,重点关注居住在公共住房中的城市贫民。他还为地方和中央政府、私营企业和多边发展组织提供公共政策和战略建议。
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引用次数: 0
Common measures of green and blue space for built environment, health equity and intervention research: a scoping review 绿色和蓝色空间对建筑环境、健康公平和干预研究的共同措施:范围审查
Pub Date : 2023-10-03 DOI: 10.1080/23748834.2023.2260134
Daniel Fuller, Martine Shareck, Stephanie Sersli, Carly Priebe, Ali Alfosool, Justin Lang, Emily Wolfe Phillips
ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to describe self-report and audit-based measurement tools of green and blue space used for health equity and intervention research. This scoping review was conducted and reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). In March 2022, we performed a literature search of MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and SPORTDiscus. We found 22 papers, six of which used self-report tools and 16 of which relied on audit-based measures to assess green or blue space. These tools measure aspects of blue and green space including accessibility, equipment, and use. The System for Observing Parks and Recreation in Communities (SOPARC) was most used followed by the Public Open Space Audit Tool (POST) and the Community Park Audit Tool (CPAT). The priority populations most often studied were residents of low socio-economic status/high disadvantage neighbourhoods, followed by racialized groups and women. This scoping review provides guidance on common measurement tools that can be used by researchers working on green/blue space for health equity and intervention research. No reliable and valid self-report measure was used or available in the literature to examine equity in green/blue space.KEYWORDS: green spaceequityinterventionreliabilityvalidityblue space Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Supplementary materialSupplemental data for this article can be accessed online at https://doi.org/10.1080/23748834.2023.2260134.Additional informationFundingFunding to support this work was provided by the Public Health Agency of Canada.Notes on contributorsDaniel FullerDaniel Fuller, Ph.D., is an Associate Professor in Community Health and Epidemiology at the University of Saskatchewan. His research is focused on using wearable technologies to study physical activity, transportation interventions, and equity in urban spaces. Dan has an M.Sc. in Kinesiology from the University of Saskatchewan and a Ph.D. in Public Health from Université de Montréal. He is a Principal Investigator on the INTERACT and CapaCITY/É research teams.Martine ShareckMartine Shareck, Ph.D., is a population health researcher and Assistant Professor in the Department of Community Health Sciences at the Université de Sherbrooke. She holds a Tier 2 Canada Research Chair (2020-2025) on urban environments and health equity among young people. Trained in social epidemiology, health promotion and health geography, she has expertise in research with marginalized populations, on the social determinants of health, in mixed-methods program evaluation and in urban health inequities. She is a Principal Investigator on the CapaCITY/É research team.Stephanie SersliStephanie Sersli, Ph.D., recently completed a postdoctoral fellowship in the Department of Community Health Sciences at the Université de Sherbrooke. She is a health geographer whose research in
摘要本研究的目的是描述基于自我报告和审计的绿色和蓝色空间测量工具用于健康公平和干预研究。根据系统评价和荟萃分析范围评价扩展首选报告项目(PRISMA-ScR)进行范围评价和报告。在2022年3月,我们对MEDLINE、Embase、Web of Science和SPORTDiscus进行了文献检索。我们发现了22篇论文,其中6篇使用自我报告工具,16篇依靠基于审计的措施来评估绿色或蓝色空间。这些工具衡量蓝色和绿色空间的各个方面,包括可达性、设备和使用。使用最多的是社区公园和康乐活动观察系统(SOPARC),其次是公共开放空间审核工具(POST)和社区公园审核工具(CPAT)。最经常研究的优先人口是低社会经济地位/高度不利社区的居民,其次是种族化群体和妇女。这一范围审查为从事绿色/蓝色空间卫生公平和干预研究的研究人员可使用的通用测量工具提供了指导。文献中没有可靠和有效的自我报告测量方法来检验绿/蓝空间的公平性。关键词:绿色航天公平干预可靠性有效性蓝色航天披露声明作者未报告潜在利益冲突。补充材料本文的补充数据可在https://doi.org/10.1080/23748834.2023.2260134.Additional information网站上在线获取。资助支持这项工作的资金由加拿大公共卫生署提供。daniel Fuller博士是萨斯喀彻温大学社区卫生与流行病学副教授。他的研究重点是使用可穿戴技术来研究体育活动、交通干预和城市空间的公平性。Dan拥有萨斯喀彻温大学的运动机能学硕士学位和蒙特雷蒙大学的公共卫生博士学位。他是INTERACT和CapaCITY/É研究团队的首席研究员。Martine Shareck博士是Sherbrooke大学社区健康科学系的人口健康研究员和助理教授。她担任加拿大二级研究主席(2020-2025),研究城市环境和年轻人的健康公平。她接受过社会流行病学、健康促进和健康地理学方面的培训,擅长研究边缘化人群、健康的社会决定因素、混合方法规划评估和城市卫生不公平现象。她是CapaCITY/É研究小组的首席研究员。Stephanie Sersli博士最近在舍布鲁克大学社区健康科学系完成了博士后研究。她是一名健康地理学家,她的研究兴趣包括地点、健康生活方式和主动交通。Carly Priebe博士是萨斯喀彻温大学运动机能学学院的讲师。她的研究兴趣集中在群体规范、健康信息、多种健康行为改变、公共卫生和项目评估。她特别感兴趣的是将联合国可持续发展目标的元素融入她的教学和研究实践中。Ali alfosoool博士是一位有远见的企业家和清洁技术和可持续发展的研究人员。他是复杂网络、移动计算和人工智能(ML、CV)等多个领域的专家,为推进基于地理的步行性和公共卫生倡议做出了贡献。凭借在全球共同创立屡获殊荣的科技初创公司的卓越业绩,以及致力于解决社会挑战的承诺,他支持与贫困、粮食不安全、可持续性和公平相关的事业。Justin Lang,博士,加拿大公共卫生署研究科学家,渥太华大学流行病学与公共卫生学院兼职教授。他的研究重点是测量和使用国家调查数据,以帮助加拿大的健康监测指标。重点领域包括运动行为、身体健康、慢性疾病负担、心理健康、自杀预防和建筑环境研究。艾米丽·沃尔夫·菲利普斯(Emily Wolfe Phillips)是加拿大公共卫生署慢性病预防和健康公平中心的社会经济分析研究员。她的研究重点是身体活动、身体健康和幸福。目前的工作领域包括促进健康生活和慢性病预防的支持性环境。
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引用次数: 0
Understanding the community and social determinants in mental health inequity: the impact of mass social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic 了解精神卫生不平等的社区和社会决定因素:COVID-19大流行期间大规模社交距离的影响
Pub Date : 2023-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/23748834.2023.2259753
Jin Hui Lee, JungHo Park, Min Sook Park
ABSTRACTThis study investigates the relations of individual capacity and community attributes with adults’ (age 18+) psychological impacts (i.e. anxiety, depression, and comorbidity of the two) from social restriction directives during the COVID-19 pandemic. Controlling for community-level environmental factors and individual-level characteristics, multilevel logistic regressions were carried out with nationally representative and COVID-19-specialized data from the Household Pulse Survey (N = 1,205,194) conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau between 23 April 2020 and 7 June 2021. Regression estimates show that the lack of community capacities (e.g. poverty and transit use) during the pandemic and individuals’ economic vulnerabilities (e.g. loss of income and housing instability) exacerbate mental illnesses as social distancing measures are prolonged. Particularly, a more stringent stay-at-home order was found to be related to a marginal increase in the risk of anxiety (OR = 1.014, CI = 1.000–1.029), depression (OR = 1.016, CI = 1.003–1.030), and their comorbidity (OR = 1.018, CI = 1.003–1.034). These findings suggest that the psychological impact of social distancing order can be determined by combining the effects of both individual and community capacities.KEYWORDS: Community attributesmental healthCOVID-19 social restrictionshealth inequityeconomic vulnerability Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Authors contributionsAll authors have contributed substantially to the conception, analysis, interpretation, and/or drafting of this research and approve the final version. Jin Hui Lee (JHL), JungHo Park (JHP), and Min Sook Park (MSP) designed and conducted research together; JHL led the overall framework and writing of the research; JHP led the empirical analyses and supported the writing; MSP led literature review and supported the writing; JHL had primary responsibility for final content. All authors read and approved the final article.Supplementary materialSupplemental data for this article can be accessed online at https://doi.org/10.1080/23748834.2023.2259753Additional informationFundingThe author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.Notes on contributorsJin Hui LeeJin Hui Lee is a research fellow at the Korea Research Institute for Human Settlements where her research focuses on health cities, poverty cluster, and gentrification developing the evidence for urban-based solutions to improve inequalities. Dr. Lee holds a PhD in Urban and Regional Planning from the Florida State University.JungHo ParkJungHo Park is an assistant professor at the Department of Housing & Interior Design (BK21 Four AgeTech-Service Convergence) in Kyung Hee University. His research is based in the field of housing demography, urban planning, and urban informatics. He holds his Ph.D. in Urban Planning and Development from the University of Southern California.Min Sook ParkMin Sook
摘要本研究探讨新冠肺炎大流行期间社会限制指令对成人(18岁以上)心理影响(即焦虑、抑郁及其合并症)与个体能力和社区属性的关系。控制社区层面的环境因素和个人层面的特征,使用美国人口普查局在2020年4月23日至2021年6月7日期间进行的家庭脉搏调查(N = 1,205,194)中具有全国代表性和covid -19专业数据进行了多层次逻辑回归。回归估计表明,大流行期间社区能力的缺乏(例如贫困和过境使用)以及个人的经济脆弱性(例如收入损失和住房不稳定)随着社会保持距离措施的延长而加剧了精神疾病。特别是,更严格的居家命令被发现与焦虑(OR = 1.014, CI = 1.000-1.029)、抑郁(OR = 1.016, CI = 1.003-1.030)及其合并症(OR = 1.018, CI = 1.003-1.034)风险的边际增加有关。这些发现表明,社会距离秩序的心理影响可以通过结合个人和社区能力的影响来确定。关键词:社区属性精神健康covid -19社会限制健康不公平经济脆弱性披露声明作者未报告潜在利益冲突。所有作者都对本研究的构思、分析、解释和/或起草做出了重大贡献,并批准了最终版本。Jin Hui Lee (JHL), JungHo Park (JHP)和Min Sook Park (MSP)共同设计并进行了研究;JHL主导了研究的整体框架和写作;JHP主导实证分析并支持写作;MSP主导文献综述并支持写作;JHL对最终内容负有主要责任。所有作者都阅读并认可了最终的文章。补充材料这篇文章的补充数据可以在网上访问https://doi.org/10.1080/23748834.2023.2259753Additional信息资金作者报告没有与这篇文章的工作相关的资金。作者简介jin Hui Lee jin Hui Lee是韩国人类住区研究所的研究员,她的研究重点是健康城市、贫困集群和高级化,为改善不平等的城市解决方案提供证据。李博士拥有佛罗里达州立大学城市和区域规划博士学位。JungHo Park是庆熙大学住宅与室内设计系(BK21 Four AgeTech-Service Convergence)的助理教授。他的研究主要集中在住房人口学、城市规划和城市信息学领域。他拥有南加州大学城市规划与发展博士学位。Min Sook Park是威斯康星大学密尔沃基分校信息研究学院的助理教授。Park博士的跨学科学术承诺属于健康信息学领域,从信息研究领域的行为科学和知识组织的传统研究领域的相互联系中汲取,以及数据科学,社会计算和信息技术。
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引用次数: 0
Measuring walkability and bikeability for health equity and intervention research: a scoping review 衡量步行和骑自行车的健康公平和干预研究:范围审查
Pub Date : 2023-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/23748834.2023.2260133
Martine Shareck, Daniel Fuller, Stephanie Sersli, Carly Priebe, Ali Alfosool, Justin J. Lang, Emily Wolfe Phillips
ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to describe self-report and audit-based measurement tools of neighbourhood walkability and bikeability for health equity and intervention research. We conducted a scoping review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines. We searched MEDLINE via PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and SPORTDiscus with full text via EBSCO in March 2022. We extracted data from a total of 35 papers which reported on 23 self-report and 15 audit-based measures assessing walkability and bikeability. Studies spanned multiple regions including Africa, America, Australia, and Europe, but most were conducted in the United States (n = 15), followed by Australia (n = 6). The most used self-report measure was the Neighbourhood Environment Walkability Scale (NEWS), while the audit tools Pedestrian Environment Data Scan and Bridge the Gap Street Segment Tool were each used in two studies. The priority populations most often studied were residents of low socio-economic status/high disadvantage neighbourhoods, racialized groups, women, youth, older adults, and rural populations. Ultimately, there is no one tool that can be recommended for use in all contexts and with all priority populations; rather, tools may require adaptations to specific contexts and populations of interest.KEY POINTSWhat is already known on this subject? Neighbourhood walkability and bikeability are associated with individual and population physical activity.Few studies work with priority populations to assess walkability and bikeability.What does this study add? Few self-report or audit-based measurement tools of walkability and bikeability have been used among priority populations.The most common self-report measure was the Neighbourhood Environment Walkability Scale (NEWS).The most common audit tools were the Pedestrian Environment Data Scan (PEDS) and Bridge the Gap Street Segment Tool.KEYWORDS: Auditbikeabilityequityinterventionself-reportwalkability Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Supplementary materialSupplemental data for this article can be accessed online at https://doi.org/10.1080/23748834.2023.2260133Additional informationFundingFunding to support this work was provided by the Public Health Agency of Canada. MS is supported by a Tier 2 Canada Research Chair on Urban Health Equity Among Young People (2020-2025). SS is supported by a postdoctoral training award from the Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Sherbrooke.Notes on contributorsMartine ShareckMartine Shareck, Ph.D., is a population health researcher and Assistant Professor in the Department of Community Health Sciences at the Université de Sherbrooke. She holds a Tier 2 Canada Research Chair (2020-2025) on urban environments and health equity among young people. Trained in social epidemiology, health promotion and health geography, she has expertise in
摘要本研究旨在描述基于自我报告和审计的社区步行和骑自行车的测量工具,用于健康公平和干预研究。我们按照系统评价的首选报告项目和范围评价的元分析扩展指南进行了范围评价。我们于2022年3月通过PubMed, Embase, Web of Science和SPORTDiscus检索MEDLINE,并通过EBSCO检索全文。我们从总共35篇论文中提取了数据,这些论文报告了23项自我报告和15项基于审计的评估步行性和骑自行车性的措施。研究跨越多个地区,包括非洲、美洲、澳大利亚和欧洲,但大多数是在美国进行的(n = 15),其次是澳大利亚(n = 6)。最常用的自我报告测量是邻里环境可步行性量表(NEWS),而审计工具行人环境数据扫描和桥梁缺口街道段工具分别在两项研究中使用。最常被研究的优先人群是低社会经济地位/高度不利社区的居民、种族化群体、妇女、青年、老年人和农村人口。最终,没有一种工具可以推荐用于所有情况和所有优先人群;相反,工具可能需要适应特定的环境和感兴趣的人群。关于这个问题我们已经知道了什么?社区步行和骑自行车的适宜性与个人和人群的身体活动有关。很少有研究针对优先人群来评估步行和骑自行车的适宜性。这项研究补充了什么?很少有基于自我报告或审计的步行性和骑自行车性测量工具在优先人群中使用。最常见的自我报告测量是邻里环境步行能力量表(NEWS)。最常见的审计工具是行人环境数据扫描(PEDS)和弥合差距的街道段工具。关键词:可审计性、公平性、干预、自我报告性、可操作性披露声明作者未报告潜在的利益冲突。补充材料本文的补充数据可在https://doi.org/10.1080/23748834.2023.2260133Additional information网站上在线获取。资助支持这项工作的资金由加拿大公共卫生署提供。MS由加拿大青年城市卫生公平(2020-2025)二级研究主席支持。舍布鲁克大学医院研究中心提供博士后培训奖励。martine Shareck博士是一名人口健康研究员,也是舍布鲁克大学社区健康科学系的助理教授。她担任加拿大二级研究主席(2020-2025),研究城市环境和年轻人的健康公平。她接受过社会流行病学、健康促进和健康地理学方面的培训,擅长研究边缘化人群、健康的社会决定因素、混合方法规划评估和城市卫生不公平现象。她是CapaCITY/É研究小组的首席研究员。Daniel Fuller博士是萨斯喀彻温大学社区卫生与流行病学副教授。他的研究重点是使用可穿戴技术来研究体育活动、交通干预和城市空间的公平性。Dan拥有萨斯喀彻温大学的运动机能学硕士学位和蒙特雷蒙大学的公共卫生博士学位。他是INTERACT和CapaCITY/É研究团队的首席研究员。Stephanie Sersli博士最近在舍布鲁克大学社区健康科学系完成了博士后研究。她是一名健康地理学家,她的研究兴趣包括地点、健康生活方式和主动交通。Carly Priebe博士是萨斯喀彻温大学运动机能学学院的讲师。她的研究兴趣集中在群体规范、健康信息、多种健康行为改变、公共卫生和项目评估。她特别感兴趣的是将联合国可持续发展目标的元素融入她的教学和研究实践中。Ali alfosoool博士是一位有远见的企业家和清洁技术和可持续发展的研究人员。他是复杂网络、移动计算和人工智能(ML、CV)等多个领域的专家,为推进基于地理的步行性和公共卫生倡议做出了贡献。凭借在全球共同创立屡获殊荣的科技初创公司的卓越业绩,以及致力于解决社会挑战的承诺,他支持与贫困、粮食不安全、可持续性和公平相关的事业。Justin Lang,博士 她是加拿大公共卫生署的研究科学家,也是渥太华大学流行病学和公共卫生学院的兼职教授。他的研究重点是测量和使用国家调查数据,以帮助加拿大的健康监测指标。重点领域包括运动行为、身体健康、慢性疾病负担、心理健康、自杀预防和建筑环境研究。艾米丽·沃尔夫·菲利普斯(Emily Wolfe Phillips)是加拿大公共卫生署慢性病预防和健康公平中心的社会经济分析研究员。她的研究重点是身体活动、身体健康和幸福。目前的工作领域包括促进健康生活和慢性病预防的支持性环境。
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引用次数: 0
Sustained liveable cities: the interface of liveability and resiliency 可持续宜居城市:宜居性和弹性的界面
Pub Date : 2023-09-27 DOI: 10.1080/23748834.2023.2260132
Sara Alidoust
Cities across the world are challenged by acute and chronic problems. Liveability policies and plans have generally disregarded the impacts of unexpected shocks and disturbances on cities and the quality of life of communities. This paper argues that the resiliency of a city is a necessary condition for its liveability. Applying qualitative methodologies, the paper builds on in-depth semi-structured interviews to explore the interface between the concepts of liveability and resiliency. Findings suggested that urban planning and policy needs to address the institutionalised inequities built into our cities through ‘local living’. Planning sustained liveable cities was also perceived to be ‘people centred’. ‘Integrated long-term planning’, ‘responsiveness and adaptability’, ‘future-proofing’ and ‘sustainable development’ were also underlined as key principles of developing cities that are both liveable and resilient. These principles are, however, challenging to implement. Future studies need to investigate the mechanisms through which these can be translated into practice.
世界各地的城市都面临着急性和慢性问题的挑战。宜居性政策和计划通常忽视了意外冲击和干扰对城市和社区生活质量的影响。本文认为,城市的弹性是其宜居性的必要条件。采用定性方法,本文建立在深入的半结构化访谈的基础上,探索宜居性和弹性概念之间的接口。研究结果表明,城市规划和政策需要解决通过“本地生活”而形成的制度化的不平等现象。可持续宜居城市的规划也被认为是“以人为本”的。“综合长期规划”、“响应性和适应性”、“面向未来”和“可持续发展”也被强调为发展宜居和弹性城市的关键原则。然而,实施这些原则是具有挑战性的。未来的研究需要调查这些可以转化为实践的机制。
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引用次数: 0
Youth and community health volunteers in informal settlements demand safe spaces and inclusion 非正规住区的青年和社区卫生志愿者需要安全空间和包容
Pub Date : 2023-09-21 DOI: 10.1080/23748834.2023.2259168
Sarah Ouma, Jane Wairutu, Jacob Omondi
ABSTRACTThis visual essay showcases the collaborative efforts of Shack Dwellers International (SDI)-Kenya, a non-governmental organization, and Muungano wa Wanavijiji, the federation of the urban poor, in addressing health challenges and promoting inclusivity in Nairobi’s informal settlements. Through community-driven organizing, mapping and action-research the groups generated improved water, sanitation, education, roads, and affordable housing interventions. The collaboration leveraged community health volunteers (CHVs) and a vast network of young people to document and communicate health messages and implement actions. The collaborations expanded Muungano’s Know Your City TV (KYCTV) program, which employs tens of local youth to create media supporting community-wide awareness building of and mobilization for slum upgrading.KEYWORDS: Community driven interventionscommunity health volunteersyouthinformal settlements Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).CreditsWall murals: Mtua Arts. All Photos, KYCTV Team.Additional informationNotes on contributorsSarah OumaSarah Ouma is Communications Officer, SDI-K.Jane WairutuJane Wairutu is Programme Manager, SDI-K.Jacob OmondiJacob Omondi is a Federation leader of Muungano in Nairobi.
摘要这篇视觉文章展示了非政府组织国际棚屋居民(SDI)-肯尼亚和城市贫民联合会Muungano wa Wanavijiji在应对内罗毕非正式住区的健康挑战和促进包容性方面的合作努力。通过社区驱动的组织、绘图和行动研究,这些团体提出了改善水、卫生、教育、道路和经济适用房的干预措施。这项合作利用了社区卫生志愿者和庞大的年轻人网络来记录和传播卫生信息并实施行动。这些合作扩大了Muungano的Know Your City TV (KYCTV)项目,该项目雇用了数十名当地青年创建媒体,支持全社区对贫民窟改造的认识建设和动员。关键词:社区驱动干预;社区卫生志愿者;青少年;正式解决方案披露声明作者未报告潜在利益冲突。小壁画:Mtua Arts。所有照片,KYCTV团队。其他信息撰稿人说明sarah Ouma是SDI-K的通讯官员。Jane Wairutu是SDI-K的项目经理。Jacob Omondi是内罗毕Muungano的一名联邦领导人。
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引用次数: 0
Fostering healthy and sustainable nursery school food systems: the case study of Madrid City 促进健康和可持续的幼儿园食品系统:马德里市的案例研究
Pub Date : 2023-09-19 DOI: 10.1080/23748834.2023.2244680
Irene Vidal, Marta Fajó-Pascual, Sara Gutiérrez, Esther López, Bárbara Vázquez, Silvia García, Abel Esteban, Paola Hernández, Julia Diez, Manuel Franco
City-based initiatives to improve eating habits are being developed. Although there is sufficient evidence of their potential impact, the largest gap lies in the translation of this knowledge into urban food policies and interventions. In this article, we describe the experience of the city of Madrid city healthy and sustainable nursery school food systems. Madrid, the third largest European city, is characterized by large social inequalities. Childhood overweight and obesity affect over 40% of children, with those from low socioeconomic status showing a higher prevalence. In Madrid, the ‘Healthy and Sustainable Food Strategies’ include collaborations between city officials, NGOs, food producers, and academics. We highlight two important achievements within nursery schools (72 centers covering 8,500 children aged 0-3 years) fostering healthier and more sustainable food systems. First, the development and implementation of health and environmental standards in public food procurement practices. Second, the establishment of collaborative Food Steering Groups between the Madrid Council childhood education department and civil society. Madrid’s experience might be of interest to other cities.
正在制定以城市为基础的改善饮食习惯的倡议。虽然有足够的证据表明它们的潜在影响,但最大的差距在于将这些知识转化为城市粮食政策和干预措施。在这篇文章中,我们描述了马德里市的城市健康和可持续幼儿园食品系统的经验。马德里是欧洲第三大城市,社会不平等现象严重。儿童期超重和肥胖影响到40%以上的儿童,社会经济地位较低的儿童患病率更高。在马德里,“健康和可持续食品战略”包括城市官员、非政府组织、食品生产商和学者之间的合作。我们强调了幼儿园(72个中心,覆盖8,500名0-3岁儿童)在促进更健康和更可持续的粮食系统方面取得的两项重要成就。第一,在公共食品采购实践中制定和执行卫生和环境标准。第二,在马德里理事会儿童教育部门和民间社会之间建立合作粮食指导小组。马德里的经验可能会引起其他城市的兴趣。
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引用次数: 0
Catalysing effective social accountability systems through community participation 通过社区参与促进有效的社会问责制度
Pub Date : 2023-09-06 DOI: 10.1080/23748834.2023.2240478
Smruti Jukur, Neele Wiltgen Georgi, R. Tolhurst, L. Whittaker, Kim Ozano, Vinod Kumar Rao
ABSTRACT Worldwide, infrastructure expansion and visions of ‘slum-free cities’ displace people living in informal settlements. Without community participation in these processes and accountability mechanisms in place’ such displacement can adversely impact people’s health and well-being. This piece outlines SPARC’s (Society For Promotion of Area Resource Centres, SPARC is an NGO based in India promoting action of organised communities of urban poor to negotiate with the state on accessing tenure security, housing, sanitation and civic services) experience promoting community participation among residents of a relocation site in Ahmedabad, fostering coalescence, and rebuilding the dismantled community organisation to foster social accountability systems. The experience has reinforced learnings from previous work that poorly planned relocation increases the risk of impoverishment and negatively impacts residents’ social relations, which severely affects their ability to come together to demand social accountability. As such, we had to innovate our engagement strategies to rebuild trust and confidence and strengthen community participation and organisation, which we share here.
在世界范围内,基础设施的扩张和“无贫民窟城市”的愿景取代了居住在非正式定居点的人们。如果没有社区参与这些进程和问责机制,这种流离失所就会对人们的健康和福祉产生不利影响。这篇文章概述了SPARC(区域资源中心促进协会,SPARC是一家总部设在印度的非政府组织,促进城市贫困人口有组织社区的行动,与国家就获得使用权保障、住房、卫生和公民服务进行谈判)的经验,促进艾哈迈达巴德一个搬迁地点居民的社区参与,促进团结,重建被拆除的社区组织,以建立社会责任体系。这一经验强化了以往工作的教训,即规划不当的搬迁会增加贫困的风险,并对居民的社会关系产生负面影响,严重影响他们团结起来要求承担社会责任的能力。因此,我们必须创新我们的参与策略,以重建信任和信心,加强社区参与和组织,这是我们在这里分享的。
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引用次数: 0
Social return on investment: reflections on advancing the method within Cities & Health 社会投资回报:在城市与卫生中推进方法的思考
Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1080/23748834.2023.2192333
Louise A. Mitchell, M. Hardman, T. Goodspeed, L. Atkinson, M. Howarth
Social return on investment is a method which moves beyond merely return on investment and captures the complex nature of benefits derived from projects which are often unquantifiable (LSE 2019). It should be noted that there are numerous definitions and interpretations of the approach: it can be interpreted as a general approach, or a specific set of standards governed by Social Value International, or even as a ‘sustainable’ return on investment (see Bohmholdt 2014). The Social Return on Investment Network (2012) (now Social Value International) conceptualise it as:
社会投资回报是一种超越单纯投资回报的方法,它捕捉了通常无法量化的项目所带来的效益的复杂性(伦敦经济学院2019)。应该指出的是,该方法有许多定义和解释:它可以被解释为一般方法,或由社会价值国际管理的一套特定标准,甚至可以被解释为“可持续”的投资回报(见Bohmholdt 2014)。社会投资回报网络(2012)(现为社会价值国际)将其定义为:
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引用次数: 0
Research for city practice 城市实践研究
Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1080/23748834.2023.2247909
Marcus Grant
SUPPORTING CITY KNOW-HOW Evidence supports what we all know; that human health and planetary health are heavily influenced by the urban environments we create. However, outcomes for human and planetary health both show worrying trends of ongoing and increasing risks. These should be of global concern. It is imperative that we use policy, programmes and projects for testing solutions as core focus for urban interventions. This requires concerted action. Cities & Health is dedicated to supporting a multidirectional flow of knowledge to support such action. Our aim is to foster connections and conversations between researchers, practitioners, policy-makers, communities, and decision-makers in cities. That is the specific purpose of this innovative section of the journal, with its short ‘City Know-how’ policy briefings from research findings. The team at Cities & Health, and our two knowledge partners (International Society for Urban Health and SALUS.Global), invite you to join their networks, and contribute to the conversations we so urgently need. We call out internationally to communities, researchers, practitioners and policy-makers to consider publishing in Cities & Health to help influence urban policy.
证据支持我们所知道的;人类健康和地球健康受到我们创造的城市环境的严重影响。然而,人类和地球健康的结果都显示出令人担忧的持续和不断增加的风险趋势。这些问题应该引起全球关注。我们必须利用政策、规划和项目来测试解决方案,以此作为城市干预措施的核心重点。这需要协调一致的行动。城市与卫生组织致力于支持知识的多向流动,以支持此类行动。我们的目标是促进研究人员、从业人员、政策制定者、社区和城市决策者之间的联系和对话。这就是该杂志这个创新部分的具体目的,它的简短的“城市诀窍”政策简报来自研究结果。城市与健康的团队,以及我们的两个知识合作伙伴(国际城市健康协会和SALUS.Global),邀请您加入他们的网络,并为我们迫切需要的对话做出贡献。我们在国际上呼吁社区、研究人员、从业人员和决策者考虑在《城市与卫生》上发表文章,以帮助影响城市政策。
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引用次数: 0
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