Current research in physiology最新文献_第3页

Metabolic effects of late-onset estradiol replacement in high-fat-fed ovariectomized mice 晚发性雌二醇替代对高脂肪喂养去卵巢小鼠的代谢影响

IF 2.1 Q3 PHYSIOLOGY

Current research in physiology

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100144

Alessandra Gonçalves da Cruz, Jessica Denielle Matos dos Santos, Ester dos Santos Alves, Anne Raissa Melo dos Santos, Bruna Fantini Trinca, Felipe Nunes de Camargo, Guilherme Fancio Bovolin, João Paulo Camporez

Background

Decreased estrogen levels in postmenopausal women negatively impact metabolic health. It is known that estradiol (E2) replacement can reverse this condition. However, there is no consensus on whether the effects mediated by E2 depend on the starting time of E2 replacement after menopause. We aimed to investigate the effects of different onset E2 treatments on glucose tolerance and metabolic parameters in high-fat-fed ovariectomized mice.

Material and methods

Eight-week-old female C57BL/6J mice were divided into three groups: SHAM, OVX, and E2, to evaluate three different time points of E2 replacement after ovariectomy: early (after 4 weeks), intermediate (after 12 weeks), and late replacement (after 20 weeks). E2 groups received treatment through subcutaneous pellets.

Results

E2 replacement improved the parameters analyzed independently of the time since ovariectomy, reducing body weight gain and fat mass, as well as increasing the percentage of lean mass. Glucose intolerance, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, and cholesterol levels were also reduced after treatment with E2. In the liver, there was a decrease in triacylglycerol (TAG) deposition, with no difference in the expression of SREBP1 and ERα proteins. In the muscle, there was a decrease in TAG deposition. In periuterine adipose tissue, there was an increase in the expression of SREBP1, FASN, and SCD, with no difference in the expression of ERα.

Conclusions

Our findings reinforce the critical role of E2 in regulating both glucose and lipid metabolism and indicate that E2 action on metabolic health was not dependent on time since ovariectomy for the parameters analyzed.

背景绝经后妇女体内雌激素水平下降，会对代谢健康产生负面影响。众所周知，雌二醇（E2）替代品可以扭转这种状况。然而，关于雌二醇的作用是否取决于绝经后开始补充雌二醇的时间，目前尚未达成共识。我们旨在研究不同起始 E2 处理对高脂喂养卵巢切除小鼠葡萄糖耐量和代谢参数的影响：SHAM组、OVX组和E2组，以评估卵巢切除术后E2替代的三个不同时间点：早期（4周后）、中期（12周后）和晚期（20周后）。结果 E2 替代改善了自卵巢切除术后不同时间段的分析参数，减少了体重增加和脂肪量，并增加了瘦体重的百分比。使用 E2 治疗后，葡萄糖不耐受、空腹胰岛素、HOMA-IR 和胆固醇水平也有所降低。在肝脏中，三酰甘油（TAG）沉积减少，SREBP1 和 ERα 蛋白的表达没有差异。在肌肉中，TAG沉积减少。结论我们的研究结果加强了 E2 在调节葡萄糖和脂质代谢中的关键作用，并表明 E2 对代谢健康的作用与所分析参数的卵巢切除时间无关。

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引用次数: 0

Moderate chronic aortic constriction induces modest, sex-specific effects on rat hearts and skeletal muscle 中度慢性主动脉收缩对大鼠心脏和骨骼肌产生适度的、性别特异性的影响

IF 2.1 Q3 PHYSIOLOGY

Current research in physiology

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100153

William S. Evans , Yuan Liu , Maria Clara Canellas Da Silva , Harry Zichen Li , Steven J. Prior , Sarah Kuzmiak-Glancy

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) accounts for ∼50 % of heart failure diagnoses, occurs in older individuals, is more prevalent in females than males, and includes hypertension as contributing factor. We sought to determine whether a long-term, moderate, transverse aortic constriction in male and female rats induces ventricular hypertrophy and preserved ejection fraction, changes in skeletal muscle mass and strength, and sex-specific differences in these outcomes, mimicking HFpEF. Transverse aortic constriction (TAC) surgery was performed on male and female rats at 4 weeks of age, and rats were sacrificed 40 weeks after surgery, following echocardiography and grip strength measures. Male TAC rats demonstrated a 12 % greater heart mass and 17 % higher heart to body mass ratio than Sham rats; however, these parameters did not differ between female TAC and Sham rats. TAC rats demonstrated a preserved ejection fraction, and TAC had no effect on skeletal muscle size or strength. In summary, male rats were more susceptible to TAC-induced pressure-overload hypertrophy than female rats, and this moderate constriction resulted in preserved ejection fraction despite a long time course. Collectively, these investigations reveal, in the absence of comorbidities, pressure overload produces modest, sex-specific effects in the myocardium and skeletal muscle.

保留射血分数的心力衰竭（HFpEF）占心力衰竭诊断的约50%，发生在老年人中，女性比男性更普遍，并且高血压是一个因素。我们试图确定雄性和雌性大鼠的长期、中度、横向主动脉收缩是否会诱导心室肥厚和保留射血分数，骨骼肌质量和力量的变化，以及这些结果的性别特异性差异，模拟HFpEF。在4周龄时对雄性和雌性大鼠行主动脉横缩术（TAC），术后40周处死大鼠，并进行超声心动图和握力测量。雄性TAC大鼠的心脏质量比Sham大鼠高12%，心脏与身体质量比高17%；然而，这些参数在雌性TAC大鼠和Sham大鼠之间没有差异。TAC大鼠表现出保留射血分数，TAC对骨骼肌大小和力量没有影响。综上所述，雄性大鼠比雌性大鼠更容易受到tac诱导的压力过载肥大的影响，这种适度的收缩导致射血分数尽管持续时间很长，但仍保持不变。总的来说，这些研究表明，在没有合并症的情况下，压力过载对心肌和骨骼肌产生适度的、性别特异性的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Protective effect of the Quercetin on experimental cuprizone-induced multiple sclerosis in male C57BL/6 mice 槲皮素对实验性铜酮诱导的雄性C57BL/6小鼠多发性硬化的保护作用

IF 2.1 Q3 PHYSIOLOGY

Current research in physiology

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100146

Samin Ghasemi , Shahin Hassanpour , Razieh Hosseini

This study aimed to determine protective effect of the Quercetin on experimental cuprizone-induced (CPZ) multiple sclerosis (MS) in Male C57BL/6 mice. Forty male C57BL/6 mice were allocated into 4 experimental groups. Control group received the standard diet. In group 2, mice received a diet containing 0.2 % (w/w) CPZ mixed with ground chow for a duration of 4 weeks (Zhu et al., 2021). In group 3, mice received Quercetin (150 mg/kg) orally every day for 4 weeks. In group 4, mice received a diet with 0.2 % CPZ and Quercetin (150 mg/kg) orally for 4 weeks. After incidence of the sign of the MS reflexive motor behavior and serum antioxidant levels were assessed. Based on the findings, administration of the CPZ significantly decreased ambulation score, number of crosses using OFT (open field test), stay on rotarod, hindlimb foot angle, front- and hindlimb suspension and grip strength (P < 0.05). Quercetin significantly increased ambulation score, number of cross using, stay on rotarod, hindlimb foot angle, front- and hindlimb suspension and grip strength (P < 0.05). Administration of the CPZ significantly increased serum malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) While decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and total antioxidant status (TAS) levels (P < 0.05). Quercetin significantly decreased serum MDA, TNF-α and IL-1β while increased SOD, GPX and TAS levels (P < 0.05). These results suggested, Quercetin has protective effect against CPZ-induced MS in mice.

本研究旨在探讨槲皮素对实验性铜酮诱导的雄性C57BL/6小鼠多发性硬化（MS）的保护作用。将40只雄性C57BL/6小鼠分为4个实验组。对照组给予标准饮食。在第二组中，小鼠接受含有0.2% (w/w) CPZ的日粮与地面饲料混合，持续4周（Zhu et al., 2021）。3组小鼠每日口服槲皮素（150 mg/kg），连续4周。第4组小鼠连续4周口服含0.2% CPZ和槲皮素（150 mg/kg）的日粮。观察MS症状的发生情况及血清抗氧化水平。结果表明，CPZ显著降低了动物的行走评分、野外试验交叉次数、旋转杆停留时间、后肢足角、前肢和后肢悬架以及握力(P <；0.05)。槲皮素显著提高了行走评分、交叉使用次数、停留在旋转杆上、后肢足角、前肢和后肢悬吊和握力(P <；0.05)。CPZ显著提高血清丙二醛（MDA）、肿瘤坏死因子（TNF-α）和白细胞介素-1β (IL-1β)，降低超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPX）和总抗氧化状态（TAS）水平(P <；0.05)。槲皮素显著降低血清MDA、TNF-α和IL-1β水平，升高SOD、GPX和TAS水平(P <；0.05)。提示槲皮素对cpz诱导的小鼠多发性硬化症具有保护作用。

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引用次数: 0

Academic writing and critical appraisal in physiology education: discerning the benefits of using large language models as knowledge receivers or knowledge providers 生理学教育中的学术写作和批判性评价：辨别使用大型语言模型作为知识接受者或知识提供者的好处

IF 2.1 Q3 PHYSIOLOGY

Current research in physiology

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100156

Matthew Hardy

引用次数: 0

Effects of short-term sleep reduction and aerobic exercise on metabolism and inflammation in healthy adults 短期睡眠减少和有氧运动对健康成人代谢和炎症的影响

IF 1.7 Q3 PHYSIOLOGY

Current research in physiology

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100171

Gracie L. Dupuis , Jocelyn Kaveney , Eric Lessard , Braden Wilson , Graham R. McGinnis , Ryan K. Perkins

The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of short-term sleep reduction on metabolic variables at rest and during acute aerobic (AE) exercise in healthy adults. This study followed a within subjects, repeated measures design. Following resting measures, recreationally active adults (n = 11; 5 female, 6 male; 26.4 ± 5.4 yrs) completed a 45 min AE challenge on a cycle ergometer at 70 % of their VO₂max after 7 nights of habitual sleep (CON) and then 7 nights of sleep reduction (SR) (i.e., sleeping ∼3 h less per night). Carbohydrate and fat oxidation rate, and energy expenditure were assessed via indirect calorimetry. Soluble TLR4 (sTLR4) and IL6 in the blood was assessed via ELISA. Results show sleep was reduced 31 % (p ≤ 0.05) during the SR period (CON: 8.1 ± 0.3 h/night; SR: 5.4 ± 0.2 h/night). Sleep efficiency increased (+5 ± 2 %), while average number of awakenings (−42 ± 4 %) and sleep fragmentation index (−24 ± 8 %) decreased in SR (all p ≤ 0.05). SR increased resting carbohydrate oxidation (+45 ± 1 %), kcals from carbohydrates (+45 ± 1 %), and total kcal utilization (+23 ± 0 %) compared to CON (all p ≤ 0.05). Seated resting heart rate increased 5 ± 0 % (p ≤ 0.05), while mean arterial pressure decreased 3 ± 0 % (p ≤ 0.05) following SR. Resting circulating sTLR4 and IL6 remained unchanged following SR (p > 0.05). IL6 increased significantly after AE in both CON (+161 ± 68 %) and SR (+133 ± 37 %), with no difference between groups, while sTLR4 remained unchanged (p > 0.05). Metabolic and cardiovascular responses during exercise were not different between CON and SR (p > 0.05). Average RPE during AE was higher in SR than CON (+3 ± 0 %, p ≤ 0.05). These findings show that short-term sleep reduction influences resting metabolic and cardiovascular function.

本研究的目的是探讨短期睡眠减少对健康成人休息时和急性有氧运动（AE）期间代谢变量的影响。本研究采用受试者内部重复测量设计。在静息测量之后，有娱乐活动的成年人（n = 11； 5名女性，6名男性；26.4±5.4岁）在7晚的习惯性睡眠（CON）和7晚的睡眠减少（SR）（即每晚少睡3小时）后，以70%的最大摄氧量在自行车计力器上完成了45分钟的AE挑战。通过间接量热法评估碳水化合物和脂肪氧化率以及能量消耗。ELISA法测定血清可溶性TLR4 （sTLR4）和白细胞介素6 （IL6）含量。结果显示，睡眠时间比对照组（CON: 8.1±0.3 h/夜；SR: 5.4±0.2 h/夜）减少31% （p≤0.05）。睡眠效率升高（+5±2%），平均觉醒次数（- 42±4%）和睡眠碎片化指数（- 24±8%）下降（p≤0.05）。与CON相比，SR增加了静息碳水化合物氧化（+45±1%）、碳水化合物产生的卡路里（+45±1%）和总卡路里利用率（+23±0%）（均p≤0.05）。静息心率升高5±0% (p≤0.05)，平均动脉压下降3±0% (p≤0.05)，静息循环sTLR4和IL6在静息后保持不变（p > 0.05）。AE后CON组IL6升高（+161±68%），SR组IL6升高（+133±37%），组间差异无统计学意义，sTLR4不变（p > 0.05）。运动时的代谢和心血管反应在对照组和对照组之间没有差异（p > 0.05）。AE组的平均RPE高于CON组（+3±0%,p≤0.05）。这些发现表明，短期睡眠减少会影响静息代谢和心血管功能。

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引用次数: 0

Enhancing laboratory education through collaborative online international learning: A case study between USA and UK students 通过协作式在线国际学习加强实验室教育：美国和英国学生的案例研究

IF 2.1 Q3 PHYSIOLOGY

Current research in physiology

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100141

Matthew Allan Jones , Pika Miklavc , MaryAnne Stewart

Collaborative Online International Learning (COIL) has emerged in recent years as an effective and viable alternative to increase the international opportunities within taught curricula. Through recent innovations in online collaboration tools, and elevated demand for international opportunities, there has been a recent increase in the development of COIL opportunities globally across a range of health aligned disciplines. This style of learning has been described as positively contributing to the internationalisation of students and enhancement of their transferable skills. However, there have been no reported COIL opportunities described in the fields of laboratory medicine and biomedicine, likely due to the large practical elements associated with the subjects. This study therefore aims to develop a COIL opportunity that incorporates practical laboratory elements and evaluate the efficacy of this teaching and learning approach.

A laboratory-based COIL was developed and delivered across two days. Day one was composed of synchronous livestreamed laboratory demonstrations and practical activities, with day two focused on the completion of a time-dependent team-based task. The pedagogical impact of this laboratory-based COIL was evaluated through 1) pre and post surveys and 2) an overall survey utilising Likert scales.

The laboratory-based COIL was well received by students (n = 34) with the majority enjoying (94.1 %) and learnt a lot (94.1 %) by participating in the session. It also produced highly positive benefits to student confidence (97.1 %), teamworking (100 %), and communication (97.1 %). Pre (n = 46) and Post-analysis (n = 35) revealed significant enhancement of students international education knowledge, international medical practice knowledge, cultural intelligence, social initiative, emotional stability, and work-based flexibility (P < 0.05). Further analysis based on participants international institution revealed significant differences in responses between the two participating cohorts, namely questions relating to cultural intelligence and their confidence of working with cultures unfamiliar to themselves.

We are the first to report that implementation of laboratory-based COIL opportunities have significant potential in enhancing students' international, cultural and transferable competencies within laboratory and health education. These findings suggest that practical-based COILs are effective methods for preparing students to thrive in a globalized healthcare environment, making a strong case for its continued use and expansion in educational programmes.

近年来，协作在线国际学习（COIL）作为一种有效和可行的替代方案出现，在教学课程中增加了国际机会。通过最近在线协作工具的创新以及对国际机会的需求增加，最近全球范围内一系列卫生相关学科的COIL机会的开发有所增加。这种学习方式被描述为对学生的国际化和提高他们的可转移技能有积极贡献。然而，在实验室医学和生物医学领域还没有关于COIL机会的报道，可能是由于与这些学科相关的大量实际因素。因此，本研究旨在开发一个结合实际实验室元素的COIL机会，并评估这种教学方法的有效性。一个基于实验室的COIL在两天内完成了开发和交付。第一天由同步直播的实验室演示和实践活动组成，第二天的重点是完成一项基于时间的团队任务。通过1)前后调查和2)利用李克特量表进行的全面调查来评估这个基于实验室的COIL的教学影响。以实验室为基础的COIL得到了34名学生的好评，其中大多数学生（94.1%）很喜欢，并且通过参与该课程学到了很多（94.1%）。它还对学生的自信心（97.1%）、团队合作（100%）和沟通（97.1%）产生了非常积极的好处。前分析（n = 46）和后分析（n = 35）显示，学生的国际教育知识、国际医疗实践知识、文化智力、社会主动性、情绪稳定性和工作灵活性显著提高(P <；0.05)。基于参与者国际机构的进一步分析揭示了两个参与队列之间的回答显着差异，即与文化智力和他们对自己不熟悉的文化工作的信心有关的问题。我们首先报告说，实施以实验室为基础的COIL机会在提高学生在实验室和健康教育中的国际、文化和可转移能力方面具有重大潜力。这些发现表明，基于实践的线圈是帮助学生在全球化的医疗保健环境中茁壮成长的有效方法，因此有理由继续在教育方案中使用和扩展它。

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引用次数: 0

No sex differences in fatigability or neuromuscular responses during one set of maximal intended velocity muscle actions to failure at 30 % one-repetition maximum 在一组最大预期速度肌肉动作到30%的最大重复失败时，在疲劳或神经肌肉反应方面没有性别差异

IF 2.1 Q3 PHYSIOLOGY

Current research in physiology

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100149

Tyler J. Neltner , Robert W. Smith , Jocelyn E. Arnett , Dolores G. Ortega , Richard J. Schmidt , Dona McCanlies , Terry J. Housh

Traditionally, research using dynamic constant external resistance (DCER) training has focused on self-selected velocities. This study aimed to examine sex differences in fatigability and neuromuscular responses during maximal intended velocity, DCER forearm flexion muscle actions to failure. Fourteen men (mean ± SD; age: 22.9 ± 2.0 yrs) and 13 women (age: 22.9 ± 2.6 yrs) completed one set of forearm flexion muscle actions to failure performing the concentric phase of the repetition at maximal intended velocity (as fast as possible). Electromyographic (EMG) and mechanomyographic (MMG) signals were recorded from the biceps brachii. The results indicated that men were significantly stronger and more powerful than women, however, there were no sex differences in the number of repetitions to failure (70 ± 18) or reductions in peak force (31 ± 8 %), peak velocity (57 ± 18 %), or peak power (64 ± 17 %). Additionally, there were no sex differences in the neuromuscular responses, which included increases in EMG amplitude (AMP), decreases in EMG mean power frequency (MPF), and no changes in MMG AMP or MPF. The increase in EMG AMP and decrease in EMG MPF, combined with no changes in MMG AMP or MPF, suggested that the decreases in performance were due to excitation contraction coupling failure, rather than a reduction in central drive. Thus, despite the low relative load, the maximal intended velocity muscle actions resulted in similar impairments of contractile function for the men and women that diminished sex differences in fatigability.

传统上，使用动态恒定外部阻力（DCER）训练的研究主要集中在自选择速度上。本研究旨在研究在最大预期速度，DCER前臂屈曲肌动作到失败时的疲劳和神经肌肉反应的性别差异。14名男性(mean±SD；年龄：22.9±2.0岁)和13名女性（年龄：22.9±2.6岁）完成了一组前臂屈曲肌肉动作，以最大预期速度（尽可能快）完成了重复的同心阶段。记录肱二头肌肌电图（EMG）和肌力图（MMG）信号。结果表明，男性比女性更强壮有力，但在重复失败次数（70±18）或峰值力（31±8%）、峰值速度（57±18%）和峰值功率（64±17%）方面没有性别差异。此外，神经肌肉反应没有性别差异，包括肌电振幅（AMP）增加，肌电平均工频（MPF）降低，MMG AMP或MPF没有变化。EMG AMP的增加和EMG MPF的减少，加上MMG AMP和MPF没有变化，表明性能下降是由于激励收缩耦合失效，而不是中央驱动减少。因此，尽管相对负荷较低，但最大预期速度肌肉运动对男性和女性的收缩功能造成了相似的损害，从而减少了疲劳性的性别差异。

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引用次数: 0

An interactive, self-guided tutorial on scientific writing for first year physiology students 为一年级生理学学生编写的科学写作互动式自学教程

IF 1.7 Q3 PHYSIOLOGY

Current research in physiology

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100157

Alex Swainson , Matthew J. Mason , Frances M. MacMillan

Most biomedical science students arriving at UK universities have very limited experience of writing scientifically and have little insight into the process involved in producing a peer-reviewed academic publication. To help support them, we created an interactive, online tutorial to help improve their scientific writing through looking at aspects including the construction of a logical argument, use of figures and referencing, as well as providing an overview of the publication process. The tutorial was delivered in an in-person teaching workshop at the University of Bristol and offered as an optional, online-only activity at the University of Cambridge, in both cases to first-year physiology students. In Bristol, 68 % of 152 students and in Cambridge, 67 % of 561 students engaged with the interactive tutorial. These students were invited to complete before-and-after surveys, with questions relating to their confidence in and understanding of the topics covered. Feedback from students in both institutions was overwhelmingly positive, with a statistically significant increase in reported confidence and understanding following completion of the tutorial. We propose the use of similar interactive tutorials as a simple, low-investment way in which training in scientific writing can be included in undergraduate science curricula, to help students prepare for what is expected in coursework, exam essays and in their postgraduate careers.

大多数来到英国大学的生物医学专业学生在科学写作方面的经验非常有限，对发表同行评议的学术出版物的过程也知之甚少。为了帮助他们，我们创建了一个交互式的在线教程，通过观察包括逻辑论证的构建，数字和引用的使用以及提供出版过程概述在内的各个方面来帮助他们提高科学写作。该教程在布里斯托尔大学（University of Bristol）的面对面教学研讨会上讲授，并在剑桥大学（University of Cambridge）作为可选的在线活动提供，两种情况下都是针对一年级生理学学生。在布里斯托尔，152名学生中有68%参加了互动式辅导，在剑桥，561名学生中有67%参加了互动式辅导。这些学生被邀请完成前后调查，问题涉及他们对所涵盖主题的信心和理解。两所学校的学生反馈都非常积极，在完成教程后，他们的自信心和理解力都有了统计上的显著提高。我们建议使用类似的交互式教程，作为一种简单、低投资的方式，将科学写作培训纳入本科科学课程，帮助学生为课程作业、考试论文和研究生职业生涯做好准备。

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引用次数: 0

Assessment of the hypoglycemic effect of Cyanthillium cinereum (L.) H. Rob. and its dual impact on uterine contraction in gestational diabetic rats 青花菊降血糖作用的评价h·罗布。及其对妊娠期糖尿病大鼠子宫收缩的双重影响

IF 2.1 Q3 PHYSIOLOGY

Current research in physiology

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100139

Sasitorn Kerdsuknirund , Arreeya Kosinan , Panida Khunkaewla , Pakanit Kupittayanant , Pattama Tongdee , Porntip Nimkuntod , Susan Wray , Sajeera Kupittayanant

Objective

This study investigates the effects of Cyanthillium cinereum (L.) H. Rob. ethanolic extract (CCE) on gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in rats using biochemical, histological, and uterine contractility studies.

Methods

Diabetes was induced in pregnant rats using streptozotocin (60 mg/kg). CCE was administered orally at low (50 mg/kg BW) and high (500 mg/kg BW) doses from gestation day 7 to day 21. Maternal evaluations included body weight, gravid uterine weight, and biochemical assays for serum glucose, insulin, lipids, and liver enzymes. Fetal outcomes included fetal size. Histological analyses of maternal pancreatic and uterine tissues and uterine contractility studies using ex vivo muscle strip experiments were also performed.

Results

CCE and metformin (MET) significantly reduced elevated blood glucose levels and improved the Islets of Langerhans area compared to the GDM group (P < 0.05). Both treatments showed a trend toward increased insulin levels (P > 0.05) and significantly reduced lipids, AST, and ALP levels (P < 0.05). High-dose CCE and MET increased gravid uterine weight and fetal size (P < 0.05) while showing a trend toward reducing placental weight and index (P > 0.05). Histological analysis revealed increased fiber area and decreased interstitial space in uterine sections (P < 0.05). Ex vivo, CCE enhanced spontaneous and oxytocin-induced contractions (P < 0.05), while MET had no effect.

Conclusion

CCE reduces elevated glucose levels and exhibits hypolipidemic and hepatoprotective effects, improving maternal and fetal outcomes in GDM. Its uterine contractility effects suggest potential as a complementary therapy to MET for GDM management.

目的探讨花青菜（Cyanthillium cinereum， L.）的药理作用。h·罗布。乙醇提取物（CCE）对妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）大鼠的影响采用生化、组织学和子宫收缩性研究。方法采用链脲佐菌素（60 mg/kg）诱导妊娠大鼠糖尿病。从妊娠第7天至第21天，口服低剂量（50 mg/kg BW）和高剂量（500 mg/kg BW） CCE。产妇评估包括体重、妊娠子宫重量、生化测定血清葡萄糖、胰岛素、血脂和肝酶。胎儿结局包括胎儿大小。对母体胰腺和子宫组织进行组织学分析，并用离体肌条实验研究子宫收缩性。结果与GDM组相比，scce和二甲双胍（MET）可显著降低血糖升高水平，改善朗格汉斯区胰岛（胰岛区）(P <；0.05)。两种治疗方法均显示胰岛素水平升高的趋势(P >；0.05)，血脂、AST和ALP水平显著降低(P <；0.05)。高剂量CCE和MET增加妊娠子宫重量和胎儿大小(P <；0.05)，但有降低胎盘重量和指数的趋势(P >；0.05)。组织学分析显示子宫纤维面积增加，间隙缩小(P <；0.05)。在体外，CCE增强自发收缩和催产素诱导的收缩(P <；0.05)，而MET无影响。结论cce可降低血糖升高，具有降血脂和保肝作用，改善妊娠期糖尿病母婴结局。它的子宫收缩作用表明它有可能作为一种补充疗法来治疗GDM。

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引用次数: 0

High carbohydrate diet programs metabolic enzyme gene expression modification in F2 generation wistar rat males 高碳水化合物饮食影响F2代雄性wistar大鼠代谢酶基因表达

IF 2.1 Q3 PHYSIOLOGY

Current research in physiology

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100154

Joseph Chimezie , Worship Odosa Agbonifo , Hope Oluwabukola Francis , Mercy Oluwaseun Awoleye , Temitope Gabriel Adedeji

Diets high in carbohydrates (HCD) negatively impact transgenerational metabolic health and phenotype, factors directly influenced by gene expression. This study investigates the effects of HCD feeding on gene expression of key enzymes of important metabolic pathways in the Parent (F0), first (F1) and second (F2) filial generations. Each generation consisted of a control and HCD group of male and female counterparts in the F0 and F1 generations. Female rat cohorts (F0) fed a control or high-carbohydrate diet were mated at pro-oestrous period with males fed with similar diets at a ratio of 1:1 overnight. The offspring of the F1 generation exposed to the same diet were mated (1:1) to produce the F2 generation fed on a control diet. Male animals in each generation were analysed for metabolic changes, gene expression, and phenotypic outcomes. The results indicate that HCD caused significant increases (P < 0.05) in body weight in both the F1 and F2 generations, fasting blood glucose in the F2 generation, as well as serum insulin and HOMA-IR in the F1 and F2 generations. The F0 and F1 HCD-fed rats demonstrated a significant increase (P < 0.05) in the expression of genes involved in glycolysis and glycogen synthesis, along with a significant decrease (P < 0.05) in the expression of genes for gluconeogenic enzymes. Additionally, there was an increase (P < 0.05) in the expression of genes associated with fatty acid biosynthesis and a decrease (P < 0.05) in β-oxidation gene expression, a pattern similarly observed in control-fed F2 male rats. These findings suggest that a parental diet high in carbohydrates can induce modifications in the gene expression of metabolic rate-limiting enzymes in F2 offspring, regardless of their diet. However, this study did not assess the epigenetic modifications potentially responsible for the observed transgenerational effects. Future research could investigate epigenetic changes such as DNA methylation and histone modifications, and also assess these effects in female animals.

高碳水化合物饮食（HCD）对跨代代谢健康和表型有负面影响，这些因素直接受基因表达的影响。本研究探讨了HCD摄食对亲本（F0）、第一代（F1）和第二代（F2）重要代谢途径关键酶基因表达的影响。每一代由F0和F1代的雄性和雌性对照和HCD组组成。饲喂对照或高碳水化合物饮食的雌性大鼠（F0）在发情期与饲喂类似饮食的雄性按1:1的比例进行夜间交配。饲喂相同饲粮的F1代后代按1:1比例交配，产生饲喂对照饲粮的F2代。分析每代雄性动物的代谢变化、基因表达和表型结果。结果表明，HCD引起显著升高(P <；F1代和F2代的体重、F2代的空腹血糖、F1代和F2代的血清胰岛素和HOMA-IR差异均为0.05)。饲喂hcd的F0和F1大鼠表现出显著增加(P <；糖酵解和糖原合成相关基因的表达量显著降低(P <；糖异生酶基因表达差异0.05)。此外，还增加了(P <；与脂肪酸生物合成相关的基因表达量显著降低(P <；0.05)的β-氧化基因表达，在对照喂养的F2雄性大鼠中也观察到类似的模式。这些研究结果表明，父母高碳水化合物饮食可以诱导F2后代代谢速率限制酶的基因表达改变，而与他们的饮食无关。然而，这项研究没有评估可能导致观察到的跨代效应的表观遗传修饰。未来的研究可能会调查表观遗传变化，如DNA甲基化和组蛋白修饰，并评估这些对雌性动物的影响。

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