Current research in physiology最新文献

Verifying the physiological significance of the preference for low facial temperature in humans 验证人类对低面部温度偏好的生理意义

IF 1.7 Q3 PHYSIOLOGY

Current research in physiology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100176

Mayumi Matsuda-Nakamura , Satoshi Wada , Kei Nagashima

Objectives

Regional differences in thermal pleasantness have been reported; local cooling of the head induces pleasantness during mild heat exposure. However, the physiological significance of these effects remains unclear. This study tested the hypothesis that facial or neck cooling could selectively decrease brain temperature (selective brain cooling; SBC).

Methods

Eight male volunteers participated in normothermic and hyperthermic protocols, comprising a 10-min baseline, 15-min cooling, and 15-min post-cooling period. During cooling, facial fanning (FAN_face), forehead conductive cooling (COND_head), neck conductive cooling (COND_neck), or control without cooling (NO-C) was performed. In the hyperthermic protocol, the participants performed cycling exercises at 60 % heart rate reserve until oesophageal temperature (T_es) rose by 1 °C. The difference between tympanic temperature (T_ty) and T_es was used as an index of brain cooling.

Results

Under normothermic conditions, no significant difference was observed between T_ty and T_es in any trial. Under hyperthermic conditions, T_ty was significantly lower than T_es after facial fanning, with the largest difference 10 min after the end of facial fanning (T_ty = 37.6 ± 0.3 °C; T_es = 37.7 ± 0.3 °C; P = 0.001, Cohen's d = 2.021); the brain-cooling index (T_es–T_ty) was 0.08 ± 0.04 °C. No significant differences occurred in the NO-C, COND_head, or COND_neck trials. These results suggest that facial fanning should contribute slightly to brain cooling in hyperthermic individuals.

Conclusion

A preference for low facial temperature should help cool the brain. However, this brain cooling effect should be minimal compared with SBC in animals possessing carotid rete. SBC in humans could not be validated by the results in this study.

目的：热舒适的区域差异已被报道；在轻度热暴露时，头部的局部冷却会引起愉悦感。然而，这些影响的生理意义尚不清楚。这项研究验证了面部或颈部冷却可以选择性降低大脑温度的假设（选择性大脑冷却；SBC）。方法8名男性志愿者参加了恒温和热疗方案，包括10分钟基线、15分钟冷却和15分钟后冷却。在冷却过程中，进行面部扇风（FANface）、前额导电冷却（CONDhead）、颈部导电冷却（CONDneck）或不冷却的对照（NO-C）。在热疗方案中，参与者以60%的心率储备进行自行车运动，直到食管温度（Tes）升高1°C。鼓室温度（Tty）与Tes之差作为脑降温的指标。结果在常温条件下，Tty和Tes在所有试验中均无显著差异。高温条件下，Tty显著低于扇脸后，且在扇脸结束后10 min差异最大（Tty = 37.6±0.3°C, Tes = 37.7±0.3°C, P = 0.001, Cohen’s d = 2.021）；脑冷却指数（Tes-Tty）为0.08±0.04°C。在No - c、CONDhead或CONDneck试验中没有发生显著差异。这些结果表明，在体温过高的个体中，扇脸应该对大脑降温有轻微的作用。结论偏好低面部温度有助于大脑降温。然而，在有颈动脉网的动物中，与SBC相比，这种脑冷却作用应该是最小的。本研究的结果不能证实人类的SBC。

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引用次数: 0

How effective is online teaching of physiology modules? perception of Rwandan health sciences students 生理学模块的在线教学效果如何？对卢旺达卫生科学学生的看法

IF 1.7 Q3 PHYSIOLOGY

Current research in physiology

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100181

Abdullateef Isiaka Alagbonsi , Mojeed Akorede Gbadamosi , Mathieu Nemerimana , Makinde V. Olubiyi , Olufunke Onaadepo , Akaninyene Ubong Ime , Abdul-Rahuf Aderemi Feyitimi , Ruth Wanjiru Mungai , Florent Rutagarama , Danilo Milanes Zambrano , Noah Adavize Omeiza , Simiat Olanike Elias

Background

While blended teaching is approved in Rwandan medical education, the perceived effectiveness of online-only delivery for physiology modules remains unclear. This uncertainty limits its continued use. The present study assessed Rwandan health sciences students’ perceptions of the effectiveness of online teaching for physiology modules.

Methods

A total of 528 students from medicine and surgery (n = 300), pharmacy (n = 99), dentistry (n = 89), and clinical psychology (n = 40) programs at the University of Rwanda completed an online questionnaire. Data were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression and non-parametric tests (Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis) with corresponding effect sizes.

Results

Female students (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 0.64, 95 % CI: 0.43–0.94, p = 0.024) had significantly lower odds of perceiving online teaching as effective, whereas Year 2 students (aOR = 1.63, 95 % CI: 1.05–2.55, p = 0.030) had significantly higher odds of doing so. Experiential factors strongly influenced perceived effectiveness: satisfaction with online teaching (aOR = 35.11, 95 % CI: 6.96–177.11, p < 0.001), high interactivity (aOR = 5.17, 95 % CI: 2.46–10.87, p < 0.001), and regular participation in discussions (aOR = 7.58, 95 % CI: 3.47–16.55, p < 0.001) were associated with positive perceptions. Video conferencing was rated as most helpful for complex concepts (Kruskal-Wallis H (5) = 65.58, p < 0.001). The predictive model (Nagelkerke R² = 0.629) strongly indicated that students perceived online teaching as comparably effective as face-to-face teaching.

Conclusions

Students’ perceptions of online teaching effectiveness are shaped more by interactivity, satisfaction, and active participation than by demographic characteristics. Educators should prioritize interactive, synchronous sessions and foster student engagement to increase acceptance of online physiology teaching in Rwanda.

虽然混合教学在卢旺达医学教育中得到批准，但仅在线授课的生理学模块的有效性尚不清楚。这种不确定性限制了它的继续使用。本研究评估了卢旺达健康科学专业学生对生理学模块在线教学有效性的看法。方法共528名来自卢旺达大学医学和外科（n = 300）、药学（n = 99）、牙科（n = 89）和临床心理学（n = 40）专业的学生完成在线问卷调查。采用多变量logistic回归和具有相应效应量的非参数检验（Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis）对数据进行分析。结果女生（调整比值比(aOR) = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.43-0.94, p = 0.024）认为在线教学有效的几率明显较低，而二年级学生（aOR = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.05-2.55, p = 0.030）认为在线教学有效的几率明显较高。经验因素强烈影响感知有效性：在线教学满意度（aOR = 35.11, 95% CI: 6.96 ~ 177.11, p < 0.001）、高交互性（aOR = 5.17, 95% CI: 2.46 ~ 10.87, p < 0.001）和定期参与讨论（aOR = 7.58, 95% CI: 3.47 ~ 16.55, p < 0.001）与积极感知相关。视频会议被认为对复杂概念最有帮助（Kruskal-Wallis H (5) = 65.58, p < 0.001）。预测模型（Nagelkerke R2 = 0.629）强烈表明，学生认为在线教学与面对面教学效果相当。结论学生对在线教学效果的看法更多地受互动性、满意度和积极参与的影响，而不是受人口统计学特征的影响。教育工作者应优先考虑互动、同步的课程，并促进学生的参与，以提高卢旺达对在线生理学教学的接受程度。

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引用次数: 0

The effect of safranal on anxiety and the MYD88/NF-kb signaling pathway in the hippocampus in a rat model of ulcerative colitis 撒芬那尔对溃疡性结肠炎大鼠模型焦虑及海马MYD88/NF-kb信号通路的影响

IF 1.7 Q3 PHYSIOLOGY

Current research in physiology

Pub Date : 2025-11-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100177

Kaveh Rahimi, Atena Kooti, Nirvana Kafaie, Asal Chaboksavarian, Mohammad Javad Alimohammadi

Introduction

Individuals with colitis are more likely to experience anxiety symptoms compared to those without the condition. However, the biological mechanisms linking colitis to anxiety remain unclear. This study investigated the potential effects of safranal on anxiety-like behaviors and the involvement of the MYD88/NF-κB signaling cascade within the hippocampus in a rat model of ulcerative colitis induced by acetic acid.

Methods

Thirty-two male rats were randomly divided into four groups: a control group, a colitis group, and two treatment groups receiving safranal at 72.75 or 145.5 mg/kg. The intervention lasted seven days. To confirm colitis induction, the Disease Activity Index (DAI) was assessed based on weight loss, stool consistency, and presence of blood. Anxiety-like behaviors were evaluated using the open field test and elevated plus maze. Molecular analyses measured hippocampal expression of TLR4, MYD88, and NF-κB, along with IL-6 and IL-1β protein levels.

Results

Safranal administration alleviated anxiety-like behaviors, as reflected by improved performance in both behavioral tests. Colitis induction was confirmed by a significant elevation in the DAI score, while safranal treatment at both doses significantly reduced this score, indicating attenuation of colitis severity. Safranal also decreased hippocampal IL-1β and IL-6 levels and suppressed TLR4, MYD88, and NF-κB expression, demonstrating inhibition of neuroinflammatory signaling.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that safranal exerts anxiolytic effects in experimental colitis, likely mediated through downregulation of the TLR4/MYD88/NF-κB pathway and reduced hippocampal neuroinflammation.

与没有结肠炎的人相比，结肠炎患者更容易出现焦虑症状。然而，结肠炎与焦虑之间的生物学机制尚不清楚。本研究在醋酸诱导的溃疡性结肠炎大鼠模型中，探讨了safranl对焦虑样行为的潜在影响以及海马MYD88/NF-κB信号级联的参与。方法32只雄性大鼠随机分为4组：对照组、结肠炎组和萨芬那尔72.75、145.5 mg/kg治疗组。干预持续了7天。为了确认结肠炎的诱导，疾病活动指数（DAI）根据体重减轻、粪便一致性和血液的存在进行评估。采用开场试验和高架迷宫对焦虑样行为进行评价。分子分析测量了海马TLR4、MYD88和NF-κB的表达，以及IL-6和IL-1β蛋白的水平。结果safranal给药减轻了焦虑样行为，这反映在两项行为测试中的表现提高。结肠炎诱导通过DAI评分的显著升高得到证实，而两种剂量的safranal治疗均显著降低了该评分，表明结肠炎严重程度的减弱。Safranal还降低了海马IL-1β和IL-6水平，抑制了TLR4、MYD88和NF-κB的表达，显示出神经炎症信号的抑制作用。结论safranal对实验性结肠炎具有抗焦虑作用，其机制可能是通过下调TLR4/MYD88/NF-κB通路，减轻海马神经炎症反应。

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引用次数: 0

Muscle activity of the lower extremities during exergames with varying movement demands in older adults (Registered Report - Stage I). 老年人在不同运动需求的运动中下肢肌肉活动（注册报告-阶段1）。

IF 1.7 Q3 PHYSIOLOGY

Current research in physiology

Pub Date : 2025-07-28 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100158

Thomas C Kosiolek, Dirk Möller, Eleftheria Giannouli

Objective: This study examines lower-leg muscle activity during four exergames with varying movement demands in older adults. A secondary objective is to compare individual muscle activity across the exergames.

Background: Exergaming, which combines physical exercise with interactive video games, is increasingly used in older adults' rehabilitation, improving balance, strength, and cognitive function. Prior research suggests that different exergames engage specific motor functions. However, the activity of key lower-leg muscles-critical for balance-has not been systematically analyzed across exergames with varying movement demands (e.g., weight shifts, multidirectional steps, stepping in place, and walking).

Methods: This cross-sectional study investigates muscle activity of the M. tibialis anterior, M. gastrocnemius, and M. soleus during four exergames using surface EMG. Muscle activity is quantified as Root Mean Square (RMS 100) values and normalized to the maximum voluntary contraction (MVC). Exergames are performed on the Dividat Senso platform, each emphasizing different movement patterns: multidirectional stepping, balance shifting, stepping in place, and whole-platform stepping. Thirty older adults (≥65 years) with no major functional or cognitive impairments (SPPB ≥7, MoCA ≥26) will be recruited. Exclusion criteria include severe motor impairments, mobility restrictions, extreme visual impairments, unstable cardiovascular conditions, or language barriers. Muscle activity will be compared across exergames using Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA), followed by univariate ANOVAs to identify specific differences.

Potential significance: This study will identify muscle-specific activity patterns during exergames, informing targeted rehabilitation and exergame design. Findings may improve training strategies for balance enhancement and fall prevention in older adults, with potential benefits for healthcare cost reduction and quality of life.

目的：本研究考察了老年人在四种不同运动要求的运动中小腿肌肉的活动。第二个目标是比较运动中的个体肌肉活动。背景：Exergaming将体育锻炼与互动视频游戏相结合，越来越多地用于老年人的康复，提高平衡、力量和认知功能。先前的研究表明，不同的运动游戏涉及特定的运动功能。然而，对平衡至关重要的下肢关键肌肉的活动还没有系统地分析过不同运动要求的运动（例如，体重转移、多向踏步、原地踏步和行走）。方法：本横断面研究采用表面肌电图研究了胫骨前肌、腓肠肌和比目鱼肌在四种运动中的肌肉活动。肌肉活动被量化为均方根（RMS 100）值，并归一化为最大自愿收缩（MVC）。每个游戏都是在Dividat Senso平台上进行的，每个游戏都强调不同的运动模式：多向踏步、平衡移动、原地踏步和整个平台踏步。招募30名老年人（≥65岁），无重大功能或认知障碍（SPPB≥7,MoCA≥26）。排除标准包括严重运动障碍、活动受限、极度视觉障碍、不稳定的心血管疾病或语言障碍。肌肉活动将使用多变量方差分析（MANOVA）进行比较，然后使用单变量方差分析来确定具体差异。潜在意义：本研究将确定运动过程中肌肉的特定活动模式，为有针对性的康复和运动设计提供信息。研究结果可能会改善老年人平衡增强和预防跌倒的训练策略，对降低医疗成本和提高生活质量有潜在的好处。

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引用次数: 0

AI-generated multiple-choice questions in health science education: Stakeholder perspectives and implementation considerations 健康科学教育中人工智能生成的多项选择题：利益相关者观点和实施考虑

IF 1.7 Q3 PHYSIOLOGY

Current research in physiology

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100160

Matthew Reid , Michelle French , Stavroula Andreopoulos , Christine Wong , Nohjin Kee

Multiple-choice questions (MCQs) are widely used in health science education because they are an efficient way to evaluate knowledge from simple recall to complex clinical reasoning. The creation of high-quality MCQs, however, can be time-consuming and requires expertise in question composition. Advancements in artificial intelligence (AI), especially large language models (LLMs), offer the potential to allow for the rapid generation of high-quality, consistent, and course-specific MCQs. Here we discuss the potential benefits and drawbacks of the use of this technology in the generation of MCQs, including ensuring the accuracy and fairness of questions, along with technical, ethical, and privacy considerations. We offer practical guiding principles for the implementation of AI-generated MCQs and outline future research areas related to their impact on student learning and educational quality.

多项选择题在健康科学教育中被广泛应用，因为它是一种有效的评估知识的方式，从简单的回忆到复杂的临床推理。然而，创建高质量的mcq可能很耗时，并且需要在问题组成方面的专业知识。人工智能（AI）的进步，尤其是大型语言模型（llm），为快速生成高质量、一致的、特定课程的mcq提供了潜力。在这里，我们将讨论在生成mcq时使用该技术的潜在优点和缺点，包括确保问题的准确性和公平性，以及技术、道德和隐私方面的考虑。我们为人工智能生成的mcq的实施提供了实用的指导原则，并概述了与人工智能对学生学习和教育质量的影响相关的未来研究领域。

引用次数: 0

You don't know what you don't know; using high school outreach to improve awareness of bioscience-based careers and higher education 你不知道你不知道什么；利用高中外展来提高对生物科学为基础的职业和高等教育的认识

IF 2.1 Q3 PHYSIOLOGY

Current research in physiology

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100151

Christine Greensmith , David Greensmith

When considering the diversity of students in higher education, an important but frequently overlooked characteristic is socioeconomic background. It is well known that those from socially disadvantaged backgrounds are less likely to progress to higher education, and accounts for an associated lack of diversity in the STEM workplace. The reasons for this are many and complex, though a lack of awareness of STEM-based education thence career pathways among secondary school learners remains a key contributor. To address this, we designed an adaptable and scalable high school outreach programme that sought to raise STEM (with a focus on bioscience) awareness through events that could be readily adapted to meet high school needs and resource constraints. Learner perceptions were recorded using a pre- and post-event questionnaire. Following the event, awareness of bioscience-based careers and the required prerequisite skills and qualifications were increased by 58 and 53 % respectively. The degree to which learners were considering a bioscience-based career was increased by 43 %. Though interest in attending university to study STEM was unaltered, awareness of the qualifications required to progress to university was increased by 58 %. These findings suggest that outreach events are an effective way to raise general awareness of STEM-based higher education learning thence careers and highlight the importance of tailoring outreach events to meet school and learner needs.

在考虑高等教育学生的多样性时，一个重要但经常被忽视的特征是社会经济背景。众所周知，那些来自社会弱势背景的人不太可能进入高等教育，这也是STEM工作场所缺乏多样性的原因。造成这种情况的原因很多，也很复杂，尽管中学学习者缺乏对stem教育的认识，因此职业道路仍然是一个关键因素。为了解决这个问题，我们设计了一个适应性强且可扩展的高中外展计划，旨在通过可以随时适应高中需求和资源限制的活动来提高STEM（以生物科学为重点）的意识。使用事前和事后调查问卷记录学习者的认知。活动结束后，对以生物科学为基础的职业以及所需的先决技能和资格的认识分别提高了58%和53%。考虑从事以生物科学为基础的职业的学生比例增加了43%。虽然上大学学习STEM的兴趣没有改变，但对升入大学所需资格的认识增加了58%。这些发现表明，外展活动是提高人们对基于stem的高等教育学习的普遍认识的有效途径，并强调了定制外展活动以满足学校和学习者需求的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

The beneficial effect of propolis during an eight-weeks of resistance training on TNF-α and IL-6 genes expression in the kidney tissue of female Wistar rats undergoing testosterone enanthate consumption 8周抗阻训练中蜂胶对雌性Wistar大鼠肾组织中TNF-α和IL-6基因表达的有益影响

IF 1.7 Q3 PHYSIOLOGY

Current research in physiology

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100167

Khadijeh Molaei , Sanaz Mirzayan Shanjani , Ali Gorzi , Yaser Kazemzadeh , Abdolali Banaeifar

This study investigated the potential benefits of propolis in mitigating the adverse effects of testosterone enanthate on the gene expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the kidney tissue of female Wistar rats undergoing resistance training. Testosterone enanthate, a commonly used anabolic steroid among female athletes, is known to impair kidney function through inflammatory and oxidative pathways. Twenty-four female Wistar rats (8 weeks old, weighing 208.22 ± 14.17 g) were obtained from the Pasteur Institute. After a one-week acclimatization period, the rats were randomly divided into three groups: 1) training + placebo (n = 8), 2) training + testosterone enanthate (n = 8), and 3) training + testosterone enanthate + propolis (n = 8). The 8-week resistance training program involved a 1-m vertical ladder with 26 steps and additional weights. Training occurred five days a week with two rest days. Rats in the testosterone enanthate group received injections of 20 mg/kg body weight. The other group received the same testosterone supplementation plus propolis via gavage at 400 mg/kg body weight, three times a week. TNF-α gene expression in the training + testosterone group was significantly higher than in the training + placebo (P < 0.0001) and training + testosterone + propolis (P = 0.0025) groups. TNF-α gene expression in the training + testosterone + propolis group was also significantly higher than in the training + placebo group (P = 0.0001). Similarly, IL-6 gene expression in the training + testosterone group was significantly higher than in both the training + placebo (P < 0.0001) and training + testosterone + propolis (P = 0.0142) groups. IL-6 gene expression in the training + testosterone + propolis group was significantly higher than in the training + placebo group (P = 0.0016). These findings suggest that propolis supplementation can partially attenuate the inflammatory effects of testosterone enanthate on kidney tissue, likely through modulation of cytokines gene expression, highlighting its potential therapeutic role in preserving kidney health during anabolic steroid exposure.

本研究探讨蜂胶在减轻增酸睾酮对抗阻训练雌性Wistar大鼠肾组织中促炎细胞因子、肿瘤坏死因子-α (TNF-α)和白细胞介素-6 （IL-6）基因表达水平的不利影响方面的潜在益处。烯酸睾酮是女性运动员常用的合成代谢类固醇，已知可通过炎症和氧化途径损害肾功能。从巴斯德研究所获得24只雌性Wistar大鼠（8周龄，体重208.22±14.17 g）。经过1周的适应期后，将大鼠随机分为3组：1)训练+安慰剂（n = 8）， 2)训练+烯酸睾酮（n = 8）， 3)训练+烯酸睾酮+蜂胶（n = 8）。为期8周的阻力训练计划包括一个1米高的26级垂直梯子和额外的重量。每周训练五天，休息两天。烯酸睾酮组大鼠按20 mg/kg体重注射。另一组给予同样的睾酮补充，并以400 mg/kg体重蜂胶灌胃，每周3次。训练+睾酮组TNF-α基因表达量显著高于训练+安慰剂组（P < 0.0001）和训练+睾酮+蜂胶组（P = 0.0025）。训练+睾酮+蜂胶组TNF-α基因表达量也显著高于训练+安慰剂组（P = 0.0001）。同样，IL-6基因表达在训练+睾酮组显著高于训练+安慰剂组（P < 0.0001）和训练+睾酮+蜂胶组（P = 0.0142）。训练+睾酮+蜂胶组IL-6基因表达量显著高于训练+安慰剂组（P = 0.0016）。这些研究结果表明，蜂胶补充剂可能通过调节细胞因子基因表达，部分减轻了烯酸睾酮对肾脏组织的炎症作用，强调了其在合成代谢类固醇暴露期间保持肾脏健康的潜在治疗作用。

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引用次数: 0

Differential responses to acute endurance exercise-induced signaling protein phosphorylation and abundance alterations in whole murine gastrocnemius muscle and isolated myofibers 全鼠腓肠肌和分离肌纤维对急性耐力运动诱导的信号蛋白磷酸化和丰度改变的不同反应

IF 1.7 Q3 PHYSIOLOGY

Current research in physiology

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100173

Kazuki Uemichi , Takanaga Shirai , Shunsuke Sugiyama , Tohru Takemasa

Skeletal muscle is composed of diverse cell types, including myofibers. In this study, we investigated how acute endurance exercise could induce signaling protein phosphorylation and abundance alterations using protein lysate extracted from whole-muscle tissue or isolated myofibers. We subjected 8-week-old male Institute Cancer Research mice to a single bout of treadmill running-based endurance exercise, and evaluated the signaling protein expression responses in the whole gastrocnemius muscle and isolated myofibers, obtained by incubation in 0.2 % collagenase/medium, immediately after exercise. Our results revealed that exercise activated mitochondrial biogenesis- and protein anabolism-related signaling, including 5′-adenosine monophosphate-activated kinase and Akt/p70 S6 kinases, respectively, as well as increased glucose metabolism-related proteins in whole-muscle samples immediately after exercise. However, these signaling responses were not present in the muscle fiber lysate and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation-related protein abundance significantly decreased postexercise. Our data suggest that signaling protein activation and quantitative alterations in myofibers digested in collagenase-dissolved medium post acute exercise do not necessarily reflect the expression responses in whole skeletal muscle tissue.

骨骼肌由不同类型的细胞组成，包括肌纤维。在这项研究中，我们研究了急性耐力运动如何通过从整个肌肉组织或分离肌纤维中提取的蛋白裂解液诱导信号蛋白磷酸化和丰度改变。我们让8周大的雄性癌症研究所小鼠进行单轮跑步耐力运动，并在运动后立即在0.2%胶原酶/培养基中孵育获得整个腓肠肌和分离肌纤维的信号蛋白表达反应。我们的研究结果表明，运动激活了线粒体生物发生和蛋白质合成代谢相关的信号，包括5 ' -腺苷单磷酸活化激酶和Akt/p70 S6激酶，并在运动后立即增加了全肌肉样本中葡萄糖代谢相关蛋白。然而，这些信号反应不存在于肌纤维裂解液中，线粒体氧化磷酸化相关蛋白丰度在运动后显著降低。我们的数据表明，急性运动后胶原酶溶解培养基中肌纤维的信号蛋白激活和定量改变并不一定反映整个骨骼肌组织的表达反应。

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引用次数: 0

Exploration of neural mechanisms underlying antidepressant-like property of Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. essential oil using mouse forced swimming test: Involvement of the monoaminergic systems 小檗抗抑郁样特性的神经机制探讨。小鼠强迫游泳试验：对单胺能系统的影响

IF 1.7 Q3 PHYSIOLOGY

Current research in physiology

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100174

Saeedeh Ghaffarzadeh Shirabad, Samad Alimohammadi

Objective

Ziziphora clinopodioides has been valued in Iranian traditional medicine for various medicinal applications. This novel study was conducted to assess the antidepressant-like effect of the essential oil of Ziziphora clinopodioides (EOZC) and to identify the possible mechanisms contributing to this action through forced swimming test (FST).

Methods

The chemical profile of EOZC obtained by GC-MS. The mice received EOZC (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg) 1 h before the FST intraperitoneally. Moreover, naloxone (non-selective antagonist for opioid receptor subtypes, 1 mg/kg), prazosin (α_1-adrenergic receptor antagonist, 1 mg/kg), yohimbine (α_2-adrenergic receptor antagonist, 1 mg/kg), propranolol (β-adrenergic receptor antagonist, 2 mg/kg), WAY100635 (selective 5-HT_1A receptor antagonist, 0.1 mg/kg), ondansetron (5-HT₃ receptor antagonist, 1 mg/kg), haloperidol (non-selective dopamine receptor blocker, 0.2 mg/kg), SCH23390 (selective dopamine D₁ receptor blocker, 0.05 mg/kg), sulpiride (selective dopamine D₂ receptor blocker, 50 mg/kg) and flumazenil (GABA_A/BDZ receptor antagonist, 10 mg/kg) were used to ascertain the neural pathways implicated in the antidepressant-like response of EOZC.

Results

The GC-MS evaluation demonstrated that predominant components of EOZC comprised carvacrol (65.22 %), thymol (19.51 %), p-cymene (4.86 %), γ-terpinene (4.63 %) and E-Caryophyllene (1.07 %). EOZC exhibited a significant dose-dependent effect that resulted in a marked decrease in the duration of immobility time (P < 0.05). The antidepressant-like action of EOZC was reversed by prazosin, yohimbine, WAY100635, ondansetron, haloperidol, SCH23390 and sulpiride. However, this effect remained unaffected by naloxone, propranolol and flumazenil.

Conclusion

These findings indicate that EOZC elicits antidepressant-like response, which relies on its interaction with noradrenergic, serotonergic and dopaminergic pathways.

目的：在伊朗传统医学中，羊角草具有重要的药用价值。本研究通过强迫游泳实验（FST），探讨了紫皮草精油（EOZC）的抗抑郁样作用，并探讨了其可能的作用机制。方法采用气相色谱-质谱法测定其化学成分。小鼠在FST前1 h腹腔注射EOZC（10、20、40 mg/kg）。此外，纳洛酮（阿片受体亚型非选择性拮抗剂，1 mg/kg）、普拉唑嗪（α1-肾上腺素受体拮抗剂，1 mg/kg）、育安宾（α2-肾上腺素受体拮抗剂，1 mg/kg）、普萘洛尔（β-肾上腺素受体拮抗剂，2 mg/kg）、WAY100635（选择性5-HT1A受体拮抗剂，0.1 mg/kg）、恩丹司琼（5-HT3受体拮抗剂，1 mg/kg）、氟哌啶醇（非选择性多巴胺受体阻滞剂，0.2 mg/kg）、SCH23390（选择性多巴胺D1受体阻滞剂，0.05 mg/kg）、使用舒必利（选择性多巴胺D2受体阻滞剂，50 mg/kg）和氟马西尼（GABAA/BDZ受体拮抗剂，10 mg/kg）确定与EOZC抗抑郁样反应有关的神经通路。结果气相色谱-质谱分析表明，香芹酚（65.22%）、百里香酚（19.51%）、对伞花烃（4.86%）、γ-萜烯（4.63%）和e -石竹烯（1.07%）是香芹酚的主要成分。EOZC表现出显著的剂量依赖效应，导致静止时间明显缩短（P < 0.05）。吡嗪、育亨宾、WAY100635、昂丹司琼、氟哌啶醇、SCH23390和舒必利可逆转EOZC的抗抑郁样作用。然而，纳洛酮、心得安和氟马西尼对这种效果没有影响。结论EOZC与去甲肾上腺素能、血清素能和多巴胺能通路相互作用，引起抗抑郁样反应。

{"title":"Exploration of neural mechanisms underlying antidepressant-like property of Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. essential oil using mouse forced swimming test: Involvement of the monoaminergic systems","authors":"Saeedeh Ghaffarzadeh Shirabad, Samad Alimohammadi","doi":"10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100174","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100174","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div><em>Ziziphora clinopodioides</em> has been valued in Iranian traditional medicine for various medicinal applications. This novel study was conducted to assess the antidepressant-like effect of the essential oil of <em>Ziziphora clinopodioides</em> (EOZC) and to identify the possible mechanisms contributing to this action through forced swimming test (FST).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The chemical profile of EOZC obtained by GC-MS. The mice received EOZC (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg) 1 h before the FST intraperitoneally. Moreover, naloxone (non-selective antagonist for opioid receptor subtypes, 1 mg/kg), prazosin (α<sub>1-</sub>adrenergic receptor antagonist, 1 mg/kg), yohimbine (α<sub>2-</sub>adrenergic receptor antagonist, 1 mg/kg), propranolol (β-adrenergic receptor antagonist, 2 mg/kg), WAY100635 (selective 5-HT<sub>1A</sub> receptor antagonist, 0.1 mg/kg), ondansetron (5-HT<sub>3</sub> receptor antagonist, 1 mg/kg), haloperidol (non-selective dopamine receptor blocker, 0.2 mg/kg), SCH23390 (selective dopamine D<sub>1</sub> receptor blocker, 0.05 mg/kg), sulpiride (selective dopamine D<sub>2</sub> receptor blocker, 50 mg/kg) and flumazenil (GABA<sub>A</sub>/BDZ receptor antagonist, 10 mg/kg) were used to ascertain the neural pathways implicated in the antidepressant-like response of EOZC.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The GC-MS evaluation demonstrated that predominant components of EOZC comprised carvacrol (65.22 %), thymol (19.51 %), p-cymene (4.86 %), γ-terpinene (4.63 %) and E-Caryophyllene (1.07 %). EOZC exhibited a significant dose-dependent effect that resulted in a marked decrease in the duration of immobility time (P < 0.05). The antidepressant-like action of EOZC was reversed by prazosin, yohimbine, WAY100635, ondansetron, haloperidol, SCH23390 and sulpiride. However, this effect remained unaffected by naloxone, propranolol and flumazenil.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings indicate that EOZC elicits antidepressant-like response, which relies on its interaction with noradrenergic, serotonergic and dopaminergic pathways.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72753,"journal":{"name":"Current research in physiology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100174"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145579012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Serum electrolytes and blood urea nitrogen changes in end-stage renal disease patients undergoing contemporary haemodialysis: A multi-center cross-sectional study 接受当代血液透析的终末期肾病患者血清电解质和尿素氮的变化：一项多中心横断面研究

IF 1.7 Q3 PHYSIOLOGY

Current research in physiology

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100175

Wastina Bitewlign , Mohammed Jemal , Enyew Fenta Mengistu , Hiwot Tezera Endale , Tadesse Asmamaw Dejenie , Kibur Hunie Tesfa

Background

Correction of electrolyte imbalance and adequate haemodialysis (HD) minimizes disease complications and hospitalization. Despite the problem, there is a paucity of data regarding the assessment of serum electrolytes and blood urea nitrogen changes (BUN) in end-stage renal disease patients undergoing contemporary HD in Ethiopia.

Objective

The objective of this study was to assess serum electrolytes and BUN changes in patients with End-Stage Renal Disease undergoing contemporary HD in Ethiopia.

Methods

A multi-center cross-sectional study was conducted from June 1 to August 10, 2021. The levels of serum electrolytes and BUN before and immediately after HD were measured using an ion-selective electrode and a spectrophotometry analyzer, respectively. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 26. Descriptive statistics were performed for descriptive variables, and continuous variables were compared as the mean ± SD using a paired t-test. Pearson's correlation coefficient with a 95 % confidence level was used to measure the strength of the association. P-values < 0.05 were declared statistically significant.

Results

The mean ± SD age of the participants was 44.19 ± 15.25 years. The mean ± SD duration of HD was 1.71 ± 1.65 years, and 52 (72.2 %) patients received dialysis twice per week. Compared with immediate postdialysis concentration, a statistically significant decrease was noted for potassium (1.74 ± 1.11 mmol/L, p < 0.001), magnesium (0.42 ± 0.35 mmol/L, p < 0.001), phosphorus (0.62 ± 0.49 mmol/L, p < 0.001), and BUN (31.9 ± 10.4 mmol/L, p < 0.001). This study showed that 43 (59.7 %) end-stage renal disease patients received adequate HD.

Conclusion

This study found a significant decrease in serum potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, and BUN following dialysis. The urea reduction ratio revealed a minimum adequate HD session among end-stage renal disease patients on maintenance haemodialysis (MHD).

背景：纠正电解质失衡和充分的血液透析（HD）可以最大限度地减少疾病并发症和住院治疗。尽管存在这一问题，但埃塞俄比亚当代HD患者的血清电解质和尿素氮变化（BUN）评估数据缺乏。本研究的目的是评估埃塞俄比亚当代HD患者终末期肾病患者血清电解质和BUN的变化。方法于2021年6月1日至8月10日进行多中心横断面研究。分别用离子选择电极和分光光度分析仪测定HD前后血清电解质和BUN水平。数据分析采用SPSS 26。描述性变量进行描述性统计，连续变量采用配对t检验，以均数±标准差比较。使用95%置信度的Pearson相关系数来衡量这种关联的强度。p值<； 0.05有统计学意义。结果参与者的平均±SD年龄为44.19±15.25岁。HD的平均±SD持续时间为1.71±1.65年，52例（72.2%）患者每周接受两次透析。与透析后立即浓度相比，钾（1.74±1.11 mmol/L, p < 0.001）、镁（0.42±0.35 mmol/L, p < 0.001）、磷（0.62±0.49 mmol/L, p < 0.001）和尿素氮（31.9±10.4 mmol/L, p < 0.001）均有统计学意义的降低。该研究显示，43例（59.7%）终末期肾病患者接受了足够的HD治疗。结论透析后血清钾、镁、磷、BUN明显降低。尿素还原比揭示了维持血液透析（MHD）的终末期肾病患者最少足够的血液透析时间。

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引用次数: 0