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What we are watching--five top global infectious disease threats, 2012: a perspective from CDC's Global Disease Detection Operations Center. 我们在关注什么--2012 年全球五大传染病威胁:疾病预防控制中心全球疾病检测行动中心的观点。
Pub Date : 2013-07-03 DOI: 10.3402/ehtj.v6i0.20632
Kira A Christian, Kashef Ijaz, Scott F Dowell, Catherine C Chow, Rohit A Chitale, Joseph S Bresee, Eric Mintz, Mark A Pallansch, Steven Wassilak, Eugene McCray, Ray R Arthur

Disease outbreaks of international public health importance continue to occur regularly; detecting and tracking significant new public health threats in countries that cannot or might not report such events to the global health community is a challenge. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) Global Disease Detection (GDD) Operations Center, established in early 2007, monitors infectious and non-infectious public health events to identify new or unexplained global public health threats and better position CDC to respond, if public health assistance is requested or required. At any one time, the GDD Operations Center actively monitors approximately 30-40 such public health threats; here we provide our perspective on five of the top global infectious disease threats that we were watching in 2012: 1 avian influenza A (H5N1), 2 cholera, 3 wild poliovirus, 4 enterovirus-71, and 5 extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis11†Current address: Division of Integrated Biosurveillance, Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center, US Department of Defense, Silver Spring, MD, USA.

具有国际公共卫生重要性的疾病爆发仍在定期发生;在那些无法或可能不会向全球卫生界报告此类事件的国家,检测和跟踪新的重大公共卫生威胁是一项挑战。疾病控制和预防中心(CDC)的全球疾病检测(GDD)行动中心成立于 2007 年初,负责监测传染性和非传染性公共卫生事件,以确定新的或无法解释的全球公共卫生威胁,并在请求或需要公共卫生援助时更好地做出响应。在任何时候,全球疾病数据发布行动中心都会积极监测大约 30-40 起此类公共卫生威胁;在此,我们将从以下角度介绍我们在 2012 年关注的五大全球传染病威胁:1 甲型禽流感(H5N1)、2 霍乱、3 野生脊髓灰质炎病毒、4 肠道病毒-71 和 5 广泛耐药结核病11†当前地址:美国国防部武装部队健康监测中心综合生物监测部,美国马里兰州银泉市。
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引用次数: 0
Changing of the guard. 卫兵换岗。
Pub Date : 2013-02-08 DOI: 10.3402/ehtj.v6i0.20449
Nathaniel Hupert
In the five years since the Emerging Health Threats Journal published its first issue, a steady stream ‘‘100- year’’ events has increased awareness of the multitude of threats to human health. This month, the Journal is announcing a change at the helm: I will be taking over the position of Chief Editor from Andrew Robertson, who was instrumental in crafting the Journal’s unique vision and provided exemplary leadership from its founding. Dr. Robertson has graciously agreed to transition to Associate Editor, in which role he will continue to help chart the Journal’s course through the increasingly turbulent waters of world health crises. (Published: 8 February 2013) Citation: Emerg Health Threats J 2013, 6 : 20449 - http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/ehtj.v6i0.20449
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引用次数: 2
A World United Against Infectious Diseases: Connecting Organizations for Regional Disease Surveillance (CORDS) 世界联合防治传染病:连接区域疾病监测组织(cord)
Pub Date : 2013-01-25 DOI: 10.3402/EHTJ.V6I0.20487
Complete Supplement
In conjunction with the Global One Health Disease Surveillance Prince Mahidol Award Conference that starts 29 January, CORDS (Connecting Organizations for Regional Disease Surveillance) publishes a series of six reports and three commentaries in Emerging Health Threats Journal . The reports explore the health security and diplomacy implications of Disease Surveillance Networks. Emerging Health Threats Journal Supplement 1, 2013 Co-Edited by Suwit Wibulpolprasert, Louise S. Gresham and Mark S. Smolinski
与将于1月29日开始的“全球一种健康疾病监测玛希隆王子奖”会议相结合,“区域疾病监测连接组织”在《新出现的健康威胁》杂志上发表了一系列六份报告和三篇评论。这些报告探讨了疾病监测网络对卫生安全和外交的影响。由Suwit Wibulpolprasert, Louise S. Gresham和Mark S. Smolinski共同编辑的新兴健康威胁杂志2013增刊1
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引用次数: 2
The evolution and expansion of regional disease surveillance networks and their role in mitigating the threat of infectious disease outbreaks. 区域疾病监测网络的演变和扩展及其在减轻传染病爆发威胁方面的作用。
Pub Date : 2013-01-01 Epub Date: 2013-01-25 DOI: 10.3402/ehtj.v6i0.19913
Katherine C Bond, Sarah B Macfarlane, Charlanne Burke, Kumnuan Ungchusak, Suwit Wibulpolprasert

We examine the emergence, development, and value of regional infectious disease surveillance networks that neighboring countries worldwide are organizing to control cross-border outbreaks at their source. The regional perspective represented in the paper is intended to serve as an instructive framework for others who decide to launch such networks as new technologies and emerging threats bring countries even closer together. Distinct from more formal networks in geographic regions designated by the World Health Organization (WHO), these networks usually involve groupings of fewer countries chosen by national governments to optimize surveillance efforts. Sometimes referred to as sub-regional, these "self-organizing" networks complement national and local government recognition with informal relationships across borders among epidemiologists, scientists, ministry officials, health workers, border officers, and community members. Their development over time reflects both incremental learning and growing connections among network actors; and changing disease patterns, with infectious disease threats shifting over time from local to regional to global levels. Not only has this regional disease surveillance network model expanded across the globe, it has also expanded from a mostly practitioner-based network model to one that covers training, capacity-building, and multidisciplinary research. Today, several of these networks are linked through Connecting Organizations for Regional Disease Surveillance (CORDS). We explore how regional disease surveillance networks add value to global disease detection and response by complementing other systems and efforts, by harnessing their power to achieve other goals such as health and human security, and by helping countries adapt to complex challenges via multi-sectoral solutions. We note that governmental commitment and trust among participating individuals are critical to the success of regional infectious disease surveillance networks.

我们研究了全球相邻国家为从源头控制跨境疫情而组织的区域传染病监测网络的出现、发展和价值。本文所体现的区域视角旨在为其他决定启动此类网络的国家提供一个指导性框架,因为新技术和新出现的威胁将各国更加紧密地联系在一起。与世界卫生组织(WHO)指定的地理区域内更为正式的网络不同,这些网络通常涉及由各国政府选择的较少国家组成的集团,以优化监测工作。这些 "自发组织 "的网络有时被称为次区域网络,通过流行病学家、科学家、部委官员、卫生工作者、边境官员和社区成员之间的跨境非正式关系,对国家和地方政府的认可进行补充。随着时间的推移,这些网络的发展反映了网络参与者之间的渐进式学习和日益增长的联系;也反映了疾病模式的变化,随着时间的推移,传染病的威胁从地方到区域再到全球。这种区域疾病监测网络模式不仅已扩展到全球各地,而且还从主要以从业人员为基础的网络模式扩展到涵盖培训、能力建设和多学科研究的网络模式。如今,其中几个网络通过地区疾病监测连接组织(CORDS)建立了联系。我们探讨了地区疾病监测网络如何通过补充其他系统和工作、利用其力量实现健康和人类安全等其他目标以及通过多部门解决方案帮助各国适应复杂挑战,为全球疾病检测和应对工作增添价值。我们注意到,政府的承诺和参与人员之间的信任对于区域传染病监测网络的成功至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Key findings and lessons from an evaluation of the Rockefeller Foundation's Disease Surveillance Networks Initiative. 洛克菲勒基金会疾病监测网络倡议评估的主要发现和教训。
Pub Date : 2013-01-01 Epub Date: 2013-01-25 DOI: 10.3402/ehtj.v6i0.19959
Nancy Macpherson, Ann Marie Kimball, Charlanne Burke, Neil Abernethy, Sandra Tempongko, Jakob Zinsstag
The Rockefeller Foundation has a long history of providing support for disease surveillance in Asia, globally, and more recently in Africa ( 1 – 3 ). Most recently, from 2007–2012, the Foundation provided $22 million in support for the Disease Surveillance Networks (DSN) Initiative with the goal of contributing to the mitigation of disease outbreaks by supporting transnational and inter-disciplinary networks aimed at strengthening national, regional, and global disease surveillance and response systems. Specifically, the DSN Initiative aimed to build individual and institutional capacity to conduct disease surveillance and response efficiently and effectively; build bridges between disease surveillance networks and international agencies to increase the effectiveness of global response systems; and strengthen connections between animal health, human health, and environmental health through a “One Health” approach. (Published: 25 January 2013) Citation: Emerg Health Threats J 2013, 6 : 19959 - http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/ehtj.v6i0.19959
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引用次数: 5
Southeastern European Health Network (SEEHN) Communicable Diseases Surveillance: a decade of bridging trust and collaboration. 东南欧卫生网络(SEEHN)传染病监测:桥梁信任与合作的十年。
Pub Date : 2013-01-01 Epub Date: 2013-01-25 DOI: 10.3402/ehtj.v6i0.19950
Silvia Bino, Semra Cavaljuga, Angel Kunchev, Dragan Lausevic, Bernard Kaic, Adriana Pistol, Predrag Kon, Zarko Karadjovski, Stela Georghita, Snezana Cicevalieva

The communicable disease threats and changes that began emerging in south-east Europe in the early 1990s - after a decade of war and while political and health systems region-wide were undergoing dramatic changes - demanded a novel approach to infectious disease surveillance. Specifically, they called for an approach that was focused on cross-border collaboration and aligned with European Union standards and requirements. Thus, the Southeastern European Health network (SEEHN) was established in 2001 as a cooperative effort among the governments of Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Moldova, Montenegro, Romania, Serbia, and the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia. In 2002, SEEHN initiated a communicable diseases project aimed at strengthening both national and regional surveillance systems with a focus on cross-border collaboration. Over time, SEEHN has nurtured growth of a regional fabric of SEE experts in communicable diseases surveillance and response who are able to discuss emerging issues and best practices at any time and without being constrained by the rigidity of traditional or existing systems. Main achievements to date include joint preparation of influenza pandemic preparedness plans at both national and regional levels and the introduction of molecular techniques into influenza surveillance laboratories region-wide. Here, we describe the history of the SEEHN communicable disease project; major activities and accomplishments; and future sustainability of the regional infectious disease surveillance network that has emerged and grown over the past decade.

20世纪90年代初,在经历了10年的战争之后,当整个区域的政治和卫生系统正在发生巨大变化时,传染病的威胁和变化开始在东南欧出现,这需要一种新的传染病监测方法。具体而言,他们呼吁采取一种侧重跨境合作并与欧盟标准和要求保持一致的方法。因此,东南欧卫生网络(SEEHN)于2001年建立,是阿尔巴尼亚、波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那、保加利亚、克罗地亚、摩尔多瓦、黑山、罗马尼亚、塞尔维亚和前南斯拉夫马其顿共和国政府之间的一项合作努力。2002年,SEEHN发起了一个传染病项目,旨在加强国家和区域监测系统,重点是跨界合作。随着时间的推移,SEEHN在传染病监测和应对方面培育了一个由SEE专家组成的区域结构,他们能够随时讨论新出现的问题和最佳做法,而不受传统或现有系统僵化的限制。迄今取得的主要成就包括在国家和区域两级联合制定流感大流行防范计划,以及在全区域流感监测实验室引进分子技术。在这里,我们描述了SEEHN传染病项目的历史;主要活动及成绩;以及区域传染病监测网络的未来可持续性,该网络在过去十年中已经出现并发展起来。
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引用次数: 17
Promising pathways for regional disease surveillance networks. 区域疾病监测网络有希望的途径。
Pub Date : 2013-01-01 Epub Date: 2013-01-25 DOI: 10.3402/ehtj.v6i0.19961
Melinda Moore, Katherine C Bond, Louise Gresham, Mark Rweyemamu, A Mushtaque R Chowdhury, Silvia Bino
The globalization of trade and travel has led to the globalization of communicable diseases and, in turn, increased need for globalization of solutions to fight them. The self-organized regional disease surveillance networks described in this special issue of Emerging Health Threats are one such solution. They reflect the vision, commitment and leadership of country health leaders and their development partners ( 1 – 4 ). The networks described here are significantly different from and complementary to regional surveillance systems of the World Health Organization (WHO), World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) and Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) ( 5 , 6 ). (Published: 25 January 2013) Citation: Emerg Health Threats J 2013, 6 : 19961 - http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/ehtj.v6i0.19961
{"title":"Promising pathways for regional disease surveillance networks.","authors":"Melinda Moore,&nbsp;Katherine C Bond,&nbsp;Louise Gresham,&nbsp;Mark Rweyemamu,&nbsp;A Mushtaque R Chowdhury,&nbsp;Silvia Bino","doi":"10.3402/ehtj.v6i0.19961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3402/ehtj.v6i0.19961","url":null,"abstract":"The globalization of trade and travel has led to the globalization of communicable diseases and, in turn, increased need for globalization of solutions to fight them. The self-organized regional disease surveillance networks described in this special issue of Emerging Health Threats are one such solution. They reflect the vision, commitment and leadership of country health leaders and their development partners ( 1 – 4 ). The networks described here are significantly different from and complementary to regional surveillance systems of the World Health Organization (WHO), World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) and Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) ( 5 , 6 ). (Published: 25 January 2013) Citation: Emerg Health Threats J 2013, 6 : 19961 - http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/ehtj.v6i0.19961","PeriodicalId":72898,"journal":{"name":"Emerging health threats journal","volume":"6 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3402/ehtj.v6i0.19961","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31197975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Mekong Basin Disease Surveillance (MBDS): a trust-based network. 湄公河流域疾病监测(MBDS):基于信任的网络
Pub Date : 2013-01-01 Epub Date: 2013-01-25 DOI: 10.3402/ehtj.v6i0.19944
Bounlay Phommasack, Chuleeporn Jiraphongsa, Moe Ko Oo, Katherine C Bond, Natalie Phaholyothin, Rapeepong Suphanchaimat, Kumnuan Ungchusak, Sarah B Macfarlane

The Mekong Basin Disease Surveillance (MBDS) network was formally established in 2001 through a Memorandum of Understanding signed by six Ministers of Health of the countries in the Greater Mekong sub-region: Cambodia, China (Yunnan and Guangxi), Lao PDR, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam. The main areas of focus of the network are to: i) improve cross-border infectious disease outbreak investigation and response by sharing surveillance data and best practices in disease recognition and reporting, and by jointly responding to outbreaks; ii) develop expertise in epidemiological surveillance across the countries; and iii) enhance communication between the countries. Comprised of senior health officials, epidemiologists, health practitioners, and other professionals, the MBDS has grown and matured over the years into an entity based on mutual trust that can be sustained into the future. Other regions have started emulating the network's pioneering work. In this paper, we describe the development of MBDS, the way in which it operates today, and some of its achievements. We present key challenges the network has faced and lessons its members have learned about how to develop sufficient trust for health and other professionals to alert each other to disease threats across national borders and thereby more effectively combat these threats.

湄公河流域疾病监测网络于2001年通过大湄公河次区域国家(柬埔寨、中国(云南和广西)、老挝、缅甸、泰国和越南)的六位卫生部长签署的谅解备忘录正式建立。该网络的主要重点领域是:i)通过共享监测数据和疾病识别和报告方面的最佳做法,以及通过联合应对疫情,改进跨界传染病暴发的调查和应对;发展各国流行病学监测方面的专门知识;三是加强国与国之间的交流。MBDS由高级卫生官员、流行病学家、卫生从业人员和其他专业人员组成,多年来已经成长和成熟,成为一个基于相互信任的实体,可以持续到未来。其他地区也开始效仿该网络的开拓性工作。在本文中,我们描述了MBDS的发展,它今天的运作方式,以及它的一些成就。我们介绍了该网络面临的主要挑战,以及其成员在如何建立对卫生和其他专业人员的充分信任,以相互提醒跨越国界的疾病威胁,从而更有效地应对这些威胁方面所吸取的教训。
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引用次数: 30
The Southern African Centre for infectious disease surveillance: a one health consortium. 南部非洲传染病监测中心:一个健康联盟。
Pub Date : 2013-01-01 Epub Date: 2013-01-25 DOI: 10.3402/ehtj.v6i0.19958
Mark M Rweyemamu, Peter Mmbuji, Esron Karimuribo, Janusz Paweska, Dominic Kambarage, Luis Neves, Jean-Marie Kayembe, Aaron Mweene, Mecky Matee

Formed in 2008, the Southern African Centre for Infectious Disease Surveillance (SACIDS) is a One Health consortium of academic and research institutions involved with infectious diseases of humans and animals. Operating in partnership with world-renowned centres of research in industrialised countries, its mission is to harness innovations in science and technology for improving southern Africa's capacity to detect, identify, monitor (DIM) and manage the risk posed by infectious diseases of humans, animals, and ecosystems. The consortium's major capacity development activities include a series of One Health-based Master of Science (MSc) courses and a five-year DIM-driven research program. Additionally, SACIDS organized Africa's first One Health conference, in July 2011. This paper describes these and other major activities that SACIDS has undertaken to improve infectious disease surveillance across southern Africa. The paper also describes the role and collaboration of SACIDS with other national, regional and international consortia/networks that share a vision and interest in promoting novel approaches to infectious disease surveillance and outbreak response.

南部非洲传染病监测中心(SACIDS)成立于2008年,是一个由从事人类和动物传染病研究的学术和研究机构组成的“同一个健康”联盟。它与工业化国家的世界知名研究中心合作,其使命是利用科学和技术创新,提高南部非洲检测、识别、监测和管理人类、动物和生态系统传染病带来的风险的能力。该联盟的主要能力发展活动包括一系列以健康为基础的科学硕士课程和一个由dim驱动的为期五年的研究项目。此外,2011年7月,SACIDS组织了非洲第一次“同一个健康”会议。本文描述了SACIDS为改善整个南部非洲的传染病监测而开展的这些和其他主要活动。该文件还描述了SACIDS与其他国家、区域和国际联盟/网络的作用和合作,这些联盟/网络在促进传染病监测和疫情应对的新方法方面有着共同的愿景和兴趣。
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引用次数: 22
Enhanced surveillance for detection and management of infectious diseases: regional collaboration in the middle East. 加强监测以发现和管理传染病:中东地区的区域合作。
Pub Date : 2013-01-01 Epub Date: 2013-01-25 DOI: 10.3402/ehtj.v6i0.19955
Alex Leventhal, Assad Ramlawi, Adel Belbiesi, Sami Sheikh, Akhtam Haddadin, Sari Husseini, Ziad Abdeen, Dani Cohen

Formed before international negotiations of the revised International Health Regulations (IHR), the Middle East Consortium for Infectious Disease Surveillance (MECIDS) is a regional collaboration aimed at facilitating implementation of the revised IHR and, more broadly, improving the detection and control of infectious disease outbreaks among neighboring countries in an area of continuous dispute. Initially focused on enhancing foodborne disease surveillance, MECIDS has expanded the scope of its work to also include avian and pandemic influenza and other emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases. Here, we describe the history and governance of MECIDS, highlighting key achievements over the consortium's seven-year history, and discuss the future of MECIDS.

中东传染病监测联盟是在修订的《国际卫生条例》进行国际谈判之前成立的,它是一个区域合作组织,旨在促进实施修订后的《国际卫生条例》,并在更广泛的范围内,在一个持续存在争端的地区改善邻国之间传染病暴发的检测和控制。MECIDS最初侧重于加强食源性疾病监测,现已扩大其工作范围,包括禽流感和大流行性流感以及其他新出现和再出现的传染病。在这里,我们将介绍MECIDS的历史和治理,重点介绍该联盟七年来取得的主要成就,并讨论MECIDS的未来。
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引用次数: 20
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Emerging health threats journal
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