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Borderline and Other Personality Disorders: New Directions in 2022. 边缘型和其他人格障碍:2022年的新方向。
Pub Date : 2022-10-01 Epub Date: 2022-10-25 DOI: 10.1176/appi.focus.22020013
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引用次数: 0
A Cognitive-Behavioral Formulation of Narcissistic Self-Esteem Dysregulation. 自恋型自尊失调的认知行为表述。
Pub Date : 2022-10-01 Epub Date: 2022-10-25 DOI: 10.1176/appi.focus.20220055
Erik C Nook, Adam C Jaroszewski, Ellen F Finch, Lois W Choi-Kain
Narcissistic personality disorder (NPD) is a commonly encountered diagnosis, affecting approximately 1%-6% of the population, with no evidence-based treatments. Recent scholarship has focused on self-esteem dysregulation as a key component of NPD: Excessively high expectations for oneself and how one should be treated leads to brittle self-esteem and maladaptive reactions to self-esteem threats. The current article builds on this formulation, introducing a cognitive-behavioral model of narcissistic self-esteem dysregulation that clinicians can use in providing a relatable model of change for their patients. Specifically, symptoms of NPD can be seen as a set of cognitive and behavioral habits that serve to regulate difficult emotions emerging from maladaptive beliefs and interpretations of self-esteem threats. This perspective renders narcissistic dysregulation amenable to cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) in which patients learn skills that help them gain awareness around these habitual reactions, reshape cognitive distortions, and engage in behavioral experiments that serve to transform maladaptive belief systems that consequently free them from symptomatic reactions. Here, we provide a precis of this formulation and examples of how CBT skills can be used to treat narcissistic dysregulation. We also discuss future research that could provide empirical support for the model and test the efficacy of CBT approaches to NPD. Conclusions focus on the notion that narcissistic self-esteem dysregulation likely varies continuously in the population and transdiagnostically across disorders. Greater insight into the cognitive-behavioral mechanisms of self-esteem dysregulation could foster tools for ameliorating distress both in people with NPD and the general populace.
自恋型人格障碍(NPD)是一种常见的诊断,影响约1%-6%的人口,没有循证治疗。最近的学术研究将自尊失调作为NPD的一个关键组成部分:对自己和应该如何对待自己的期望过高会导致脆弱的自尊和对自尊威胁的不适应反应。当前的文章建立在这个公式的基础上,介绍了自恋自尊失调的认知行为模型,临床医生可以使用该模型为患者提供一个相关的变化模型。具体而言,NPD的症状可以被视为一组认知和行为习惯,用于调节因不适应的信念和对自尊威胁的解释而产生的困难情绪。这一观点使自恋失调可以接受认知行为疗法(CBT),在该疗法中,患者学习帮助他们获得对这些习惯性反应的认识的技能,重塑认知扭曲,并参与行为实验,以改变适应不良的信念系统,从而使他们摆脱症状反应。在这里,我们提供了这个公式的精确性,以及CBT技能如何用于治疗自恋性调节障碍的例子。我们还讨论了未来的研究,这些研究可以为该模型提供经验支持,并测试CBT方法对NPD的有效性。结论集中在自恋自尊失调可能在人群中持续变化的概念上,并在不同的疾病中进行跨诊断。更深入地了解自尊失调的认知行为机制,可以为NPD患者和普通民众提供缓解痛苦的工具。
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引用次数: 3
Five Failures and Five Challenges for Prevention and Early Intervention for Personality Disorder. 预防和早期干预人格障碍的五大失败和五大挑战。
Pub Date : 2022-10-01 Epub Date: 2022-10-25 DOI: 10.1176/appi.focus.22020016
Andrew M Chanen, Katie Nicol

Despite global consensus regarding the early detection of personality disorder, current approaches to early intervention have failed to deliver for the majority of young people. This only serves to reinforce the enduring effects of personality disorder on functioning, mental and physical health, resulting in a reduction of quality of life and life expectancy. Here, we describe five significant challenges facing prevention and early intervention for personality disorder: identification, access to treatment, research translation, innovation and functional recovery. These challenges highlight the need for early intervention to shift from niche programmes in specialist services for a select few young people to become established in mainstream primary care and specialist youth mental health services. Reprinted from Curr Opin Psychol 2021; 37:134-138, with permission from Elsevier. Copyright © 2021.

尽管全球对早期发现人格障碍达成了共识,但目前的早期干预方法未能为大多数年轻人提供服务。这只会加剧人格障碍对功能、心理和身体健康的持久影响,导致生活质量和预期寿命下降。在这里,我们描述了人格障碍预防和早期干预面临的五个重大挑战:识别、获得治疗、研究转化、创新和功能恢复。这些挑战凸显了早期干预的必要性,即从为少数年轻人提供的专业服务的利基计划转变为主流初级保健和专业青年心理健康服务。转载自Curr Opin Psychol 2021;37:134-138,经爱思唯尔许可。版权所有©2021。
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引用次数: 0
Ethical Challenges in the Treatment of Personality Disorders. 人格障碍治疗中的伦理挑战。
Pub Date : 2022-10-01 Epub Date: 2022-10-25 DOI: 10.1176/appi.focus.20220061
Jarrod A Marks, Jesse C Palermo, James L Knoll
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引用次数: 0
Forging our Future: Innovations in Psychotherapy Spurred by the COVID-19 Pandemic. 打造我们的未来:COVID-19大流行推动的心理治疗创新。
Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.1176/appi.focus.20220048
Jordan E Cattie
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引用次数: 0
Innovations in Psychotherapy. 心理治疗的创新。
Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.1176/appi.focus.22020008
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引用次数: 0
Implementing Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in Specialty Medical Settings. 在专业医疗环境中实施认知行为疗法。
Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.1176/appi.focus.22020011
Jessica F Magidson, Risa B Weisberg

This article is an introduction to the second issue of a two-part special series on integrating cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) into medical settings. The first issue focused on integrating CBT into primary care, and this issue focuses on implementing CBT in other specialty medical settings, including cancer treatment, HIV care, and specialized pediatric medical clinics. Models for treatment delivery to improve ease of implementation are also discussed, including telehealth and home-delivered treatment. The six articles in this series provide examples of how to transport CBT techniques that are largely designed for implementation in outpatient mental health settings to specialized medical settings, and discuss unique considerations and recommendations for implementation. Reprinted from Cogn Behav Pract, Vol. 21:4, pp. 367-371, with permission from Elsevier. Copyright 2014.

本文是关于将认知行为疗法(CBT)整合到医疗环境中的两部分特别系列的第二期的介绍。第一期的重点是将CBT纳入初级保健,这一期的重点是在其他专业医疗环境中实施CBT,包括癌症治疗、艾滋病毒护理和专门的儿科医疗诊所。还讨论了提供治疗以提高实施便利性的模式,包括远程保健和家庭提供治疗。本系列的六篇文章提供了如何将CBT技术(主要是为在门诊心理健康环境中实施而设计的)转移到专门的医疗环境中的例子,并讨论了实施的独特考虑和建议。经爱思唯尔许可,转载自Cogn behavior practice, Vol. 21:4, pp. 367-371。2014年版权。
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引用次数: 9
Scale Up Task-Sharing of Psychological Therapies. 扩大心理治疗的任务分担。
Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.1176/appi.focus.22020010
Vikram Patel

(Reprinted from Lancet, Vol. 399, pp. 343-345, Copyright (c) 2021, with permission from Elsevier).

(转载自《柳叶刀》,第399卷,第343-345页,版权(c) 2021,经爱思唯尔许可)。
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引用次数: 0
The Rapid Evolution of Crisis Mental Health Services in Utah: Opportunities and Challenges as a Result of the Global Pandemic. 危机心理健康服务在犹他州的快速演变:机遇和挑战作为全球大流行的结果。
Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.1176/appi.focus.20220047
Dave Eldredge, Scott A Langenecker, Rachel Kay Lucynski, Mindy Westlund Schreiner

Our country is facing a resurgence of behavioral health crises from over the past 30 years, further illuminated and exacerbated by the global COVID-19 pandemic. Increasing suicide crises among youths over recent decades, untreated anxiety and depression, and serious mental illness are signs of the need for improvements in accessible, affordable, timely, and comprehensive behavioral health services. Against the backdrop of high suicide rates and low behavioral health services in Utah, statewide collaborators aligned with a common goal: deliver crisis services to anyone, anytime, and anywhere. After its initiation in 2011, the integrated behavioral health crisis response system continued to expand and excel, ultimately improving access and referral to services, flattening suicide rates, and reducing stigma. The global pandemic further motivated the expansion of Utah's crisis response system. This review focuses on the unique experiences of the Huntsman Mental Health Institute as a catalyst and partner in these changes. Our goals are to: inform about unique Utah partnerships and actions in the crisis mental health space, describe initial steps and outcomes, highlight continuing challenges, discuss pandemic-specific barriers and opportunities, and explore the long-term vision to improve quality and access to mental health resources.

我国正面临过去30年的行为健康危机死灰复燃,全球COVID-19大流行进一步加剧了这一危机。近几十年来,青少年中不断增加的自杀危机、未经治疗的焦虑和抑郁以及严重的精神疾病都表明,需要改善可获得、负担得起、及时和全面的行为卫生服务。在犹他州自杀率高、行为健康服务低的背景下,全州范围内的合作者都有一个共同的目标:随时随地为任何人提供危机服务。自2011年启动以来,综合行为健康危机应对系统不断扩大和发挥作用,最终改善了获得服务和转诊的机会,使自杀率趋于平稳,并减少了耻辱。全球大流行进一步推动了犹他州危机应对系统的扩展。本综述的重点是亨斯迈精神卫生研究所作为这些变化的催化剂和合作伙伴的独特经验。我们的目标是:通报犹他州在危机心理健康领域的独特伙伴关系和行动,描述初步步骤和成果,突出持续的挑战,讨论特定于流行病的障碍和机会,并探讨提高质量和获得心理健康资源的长期愿景。
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引用次数: 1
Behavioral Medicine in the COVID-19 Era: Dawn of the Golden Age. COVID-19时代的行为医学:黄金时代的黎明。
Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.1176/appi.focus.22020012
John M Ruiz, Tracey A Revenson

(Reprinted from Ann Behav Med 2020; 54:541-543, with permission from Oxford University Press).

(转载自Ann Behav Med 2020;54:541-543,经牛津大学出版社许可)。
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引用次数: 0
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