Frontiers in sleep最新文献

A growing body of literature examines how shift work affects different aspects of women's reproductive cycles, ranging from fertility to pregnancy to menopause. This review summarizes what is known about how shift work affects women's reproductive cycles, with a particular emphasis on fertility, fecundity and the impact of shift work on maternal and fetal outcomes. While the overall impact of night shift work is complex and remains incompletely understood, evidence suggests that shift work adversely impacts reproductive health and pregnancy outcomes.

Introduction: Poor sleep quality and sleep hygiene among medical students is a concern, with limited data on students from alternative medical systems.

Methods: This cross-sectional study assessed 1,151 undergraduate yoga and naturopathy medical students from 10 Indian colleges. A structured questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic and lifestyle data, while sleep quality, sleep hygiene, depression, anxiety, stress, and Internet addiction were evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Sleep Hygiene Index (SHI), the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21), and the Internet Addiction Test (IAT). Logistic regression models were employed to compute adjusted odds ratios (AORs) as measures of association.

Results: The average SHI and PSQI scores were 22.49 (±6.34) and 6.52 (±3.01), respectively. Poor sleep quality was reported by 59.8 and 24.7% had poor sleep hygiene. Severe depression (AOR = 5.15) and anxiety (AOR = 2.31) were linked to poor sleep hygiene, while severe stress (AOR = 0.55) was associated with poor sleep quality. Family residence was linked to lower odds of poor sleep hygiene (AOR = 0.14 for male participants, AOR = 0.26 for female participants) and better sleep quality (AOR = 1.46). Poor sleep hygiene was associated with sugary beverage consumption (AOR = 2.02), fried/packaged foods (AOR = 5.06 weekly, AOR = 8.52 daily), Internet addiction (AOR = 21.87 for male participants, AOR = 9.57 for female participants), and late device use (AOR = 3.80 for female participants).

Discussion: Despite early exposure to lifestyle principles, yoga and naturopathy students experience poor sleep quality. Contributing factors include poor sleep hygiene, anxiety, stress, unhealthy eating habits, and Internet addiction. Targeted interventions are needed to improve sleep hygiene and overall wellbeing.

Background: Professional palliative care for patients with cancer focuses on symptom management.

Methods: This exploratory, randomized controlled study was conducted to compare the effects of complete home-based heart rate variability biofeedback (HRV-BFB) using an estimation formula for resonance frequency in managing insomnia disorders among patients with cancer.

Results: Only 28 patients were included from the initial enrollment of 30 patients from two study sites. Results showed that compared to the control group, the HRV-BFB group improved sleep efficiency from 82.0% (standard deviation: 9.1%) to 87.8% (standard deviation: 7.2%) (p < 0.001) and decreased use of sleeping medication from 88.2% (95% confidence interval, 73.6-95.8) to 51.5% (95% confidence interval, 41.8-61.1) (p < 0.001).

Conclusions: This suggests that complete home-based HRV-BFB using an estimation formula for resonance frequency may be a promising tool for treating insomnia disorders in patients with cancer, potentially improving sleep efficiency and decreasing reliance on sleep medications.

Clinical trial registration: UMIN 000046884. Registered February 11, 2022. https://center6.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000053496.

The aim of this paper was to search the literature examining the relationships between social disadvantage, insufficient sleep, and cardiovascular disease and conduct a brief narrative review. A sleep disparity exists in the population with poor sleep quality strongly associated with poverty. Factors such as ethnicity, annual income, education, employment, and health status significantly mediate the effect in poorer disadvantaged people. In turn, the findings from large epidemiological studies show that insufficient sleep and/or insomnia, and/or short duration sleep are linked to increased risk of cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, coronary heart disease, heart failure, stroke, arrhythmia, and cardiovascular mortality. In addition, insomnia together with objectively assessed short sleep duration confers a higher risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. However, more large epidemiological studies controlling for obstructive sleep apnoea are needed to fully confirm these findings.

Introduction: Sleep disturbances following concussion are common. The goal of this study was to describe subjective reports of sleep disturbances for pediatric and adolescent patients, whether they predict prolonged recovery or moderate the relationship between comorbidities, symptom burden, and recovery.

Materials and methods: Clinical electronic health record (EHR) data from a prospective concussion registry of patients aged 5-18 were used for this study. Specific demographic and injury characteristics included sex, age, race and ethnicity, previous concussion history, symptom scores, and personal history of mental health diagnoses and sleep problems. Categorical variables were compared with Pearson's chi-squared tests and continuous variables were compared with Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to calculate odds ratios, 95% confidence intervals and p-values for factors associated with prolonged concussion recovery. Interaction terms were created for each comorbidity and sleep changes to test for moderation effects of comorbidities on the relationship between sleep disturbance and prolonged recovery.

Results: A total of 4,469 patients with a concussion were seen within 28 days of injury during the study period and included in analyses, with 3,002 (67%) reporting new sleep disturbance. Those with sleep disturbance differed by sex, age, time from injury to initial visit, Post Concussion Symptom Inventory (PCSI) at initial visit, concussion history, presence of comorbidities, and COI. In the multivariate model, female patients (OR 1.43, 95% CI 1.25-1.64), those with new sleep disturbance (OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.18-1.60), patients without a previous concussion diagnosis (OR 1.31, 95% CI 1.15-1.52), medical history of a learning disability (OR 1.3, 95% CI 1.10-1.67), more days between injury to initial visit (CI 1.08-1.10), and a higher initial PCSI score (OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.03-1.03) had greater odds of prolonged recovery. Interaction terms for moderation effects of comorbidities on the relationship between sleep disturbance and prolonged recovery were not statistically significant.

Discussion: Nearly 2/3 of concussion patients self-reported changes in sleep after injury, a higher rate than previously reported (51%). Sleep disturbances following concussion were the second strongest predictor of prolonged recovery past 28 days, only behind female sex, and comorbidities did not moderate that relationship.

Study objectives: Adults are advised to spend approximately one third of their lives sleeping, yet there is a dearth of scientific research on mattresses, a common sleep surface. We develop and conduct initial validation of the Boston Mattress Satisfaction Questionnaire (BMSQ).

Methods: The BMSQ was designed with sleep scientists and clinicians (n = 5) and mattress industry professionals (n = 2) to assess two broad domains: mattress satisfaction (MS) and mattress characteristics (MC), including mattress type, size, age, and extent to which the mattress is pain-inducing. MS is measured with questions assessing mattress comfort, firmness, temperature, and overall satisfaction on 10-point scales from 1 (least) to 10 (most satisfied). We administered the BMSQ to a large, population-based sample of US adults. We also asked demographic questions. We conducted exploratory factor analysis, then dichotomized BMSQ responses (low: ≤ 5; high ≥6) for multivariable logistic regression to explore the demographic characteristics associated with mattress satisfaction.

Results: Among participants (n = 1,055), 47.7% were male and 52.2% female. Average age was 49.4 (s.d. = 17.5 years). The 4 BSMQ items demonstrated high inter-item correlation (≥0.8) and Cronbach's α of 0.95. BMSQ-MS variables were inversely correlated with perceptions of the mattress being pain-inducing (p < 0.001) and mattress (p < 0.001). BMSQ variables had a weak correlation with mattress size (p < 0.01). Regression revealed higher mattress satisfaction among those ≥75 years old (v. 18-24 years); Hispanic and Asian individuals (compared to White, non-Hispanic); those earning >$20,000 annually (compared to <$10,000); and those reporting foam, hybrid, air-filled chamber mattresses (compared to all-spring).

Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the BMSQ may be useful for assessing mattress satisfaction.

Background: Previous studies have amply demonstrated shorter self-reported sleep duration for Black patients compared to White patients. Evidence for disparities in objectively measured sleep is still mixed. Our objective is to assess disparities in objectively measured sleep parameters between races/ethnicities using data from an academic medical center in the US.

Materials and methods: We used data extracted through text mining from sleep reports of in-lab polysomnography (PSG) studies conducted for adults aged 18 years or older at the University of Virginia Health System between 2010 and 2021. All studies with total sleep time (TST) <1 h were excluded. In multivariable analyses, we controlled for age, sex, body mass index, marital status, season, health insurance, comorbidities, and use of medications that may interfere with sleep in 1 year prior to the sleep study.

Results: The study sample included 5,331 patients of whom 69% were non-Hispanic (NH) White, 23% NH Black, 4% Hispanic/Latinx, and 3% other or unknown. They were 57 ± 16, 52 ± 14, 49 ± 14, and 54 ± 14 years old and 45%, 30%, 33%, and 41% male, respectively. Average TST was 342 ± 84 min, sleep efficiency 74%, apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) 15 ± 17, with 69% having obstructive sleep apnea (36% mild; 22% moderate; 12% severe). After adjusting for covariates, Black patients had shorter N3 sleep by 10 min (95% CI = -11.9, -7.6) and longer REM sleep by 7 min (95% CI = 4.8, 8.6) compared to NH White patients. We did not find significant differences in TST, AHI, and sleep efficiency between racial/ethnic groups.

Conclusions: Our objective data does not show consistently unfavorable sleep measures for racial and ethnic minorities. More research is needed to better understand how much of these differences are due to underlying physiology vs. social/environmental factors.

Introduction: Sleep is a restorative behavior and is critical for overall health, but differences in sleep patterns between men and women can be seen over the years.

Aim: To prospectively analyze the polysomnographic findings of adults and older adults who participated in two editions of EPISONO, according to sex.

Methods: The population-based prospective longitudinal study included 688 individuals. Of these, there were 389 women and 299 men. All examinations and tests were undertaken using the same protocols at both times, at baseline and 8 years later. All participants completed an institutional questionnaire and a range of other questionnaires on health and sleep parameters. They also underwent full-night polysomnography (PSG) and peripheral blood collection for biochemical and hematological measurements. In both editions (2007 and 2015), physical and anthropometric assessments were also assessed. Exclusion criteria: pregnant or lactating women, individuals with self-care limitations (physical or mental), and night-shift workers.

Results: We observed that adult women showed a greater REM latency, adult and older adult women spent more time in N3 than men, and an increased periodic leg movement index in older adult women. Men (adults and older adults) remained longer in N1, had a higher number of awakenings, and of apnea-hypopnea index. Age was shown to be an influencing factor for changes in arousal index and apnea-hypopnea index. This study prospectively evaluated, with full-night PSG, the sleep of the general population and reported significant findings according to sex and age, suggesting that some sleep parameters change differently in men and women, as we age.