Hamatologie und Bluttransfusion最新文献

alpha CD is an immunoproliferative disorder which is most frequently, but not always, associated with the disease entity referred to as Mediterranean lymphoma with malabsorption. In most cases, the evolution of the disease and its morbid anatomy suggests an immune deficiency state in which an abnormal clone of intestinal plasma cells incapable of producing the complete IgA molecule proliferates, perhaps in response to microbial antigenic stimulation. In the majority of cases, this proliferation is composed of mature appearing plasma cells which lack morphologic features of malignancy. Although possibly reversible, this proliferation appears to be highly susceptible to the evolution of secondary neoplastic clones, which appear in most instances after a clinical course of unpredictable duration and manifest themselves in the form of single or multiple immunoblastic sarcomas.

In order to judge differentiation of cells in soft agar colonies, cytological and cytochemical classification of single cells within these colonies is necessary. In this study, 1,026 colonies from 15 normal and 95 leukemic bone marrows have been evaluated using cytological, cytochemical, and immunocytochemical techniques. In 180 colonies from 15 normal controls no segmented neutrophils have been observed. The colonies mostly consisted of monocytes and macrophages, rarely pure eosinophil colonies were observed. The number of monocyte/macrophage colonies in untreated AML and the percentage of pure eosinophil colonies in AML and ALL in remission are reduced, as compared to normal controls. In 174 colonies from a total of 926 colonies derived from bone marrows of leukemic patients, plasma cells and in 20 colonies, blast cells have been observed. In contrast to normal colonies, growth of colonies containing blast cells does not depend upon the conditioned medium of the leukocyte feederlayer. This investigation has demonstrated the necessity of cytological and cytochemical classification in addition to quantiative evaluation of soft agar colonies when studying the effect of factors on proliferation and differentiation of normal and leukemic stem cells.

Short term cultures of bovine leukemic lymphocytes release virus particles with biochemical properties of RNA oncogenic viruses. These particles, tentatively called Bovine Leukemia Virus (BLV) have a high molecular weight-reverse transcriptase complex and a density averaging 1.155 g/ml in sucrose solutions. Molecular hybridizations between BLV-3H cDNA and several viral RNAs show that BLV is not related to Mason-Pfizer Monkey Virus (MPMV) Simian Sarcoma Associated Virus (SSV-1) Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV) or Avian Myeloblastosis Virus (AMV). Rauscher Leukemia Virus (RLV) exhibits a slight but reproducible relatednesse to BLV. The high preference of BLV reverse transcriptase for Mg++ as the divalent cation suggests that BLV might be an atypical mammalian leukemogenic type C virus. Hybridization studies using BLV 3H cDNA as a probe suggest that the DNA of bovine leukemic cells contains viral sequences that cannot be detected in normal bovine DNA.

B.M. cells of RLV-infected BALB/c mice can proliferate in methylcellulose in the absence of E.P., while normal B.M. cells cannot (12). Not only the more primitive BFU-E shows hormone-independency (18). This phenomenon is in favour of the view that the Rauscher virus induced erythroblastosis is a true neoplasia although transplantation experiments failed so far. The experiments in which transformation in vitro of B.M. cells by RLV is established (19) show that the CFU-E can serve as a target for the virus. Treatment of normal mice with CFA leads to a rapid increase in CFU-E in the bone marrow (18). Splenomegaly of RLV-infected mice is enhanced by CFA-treatment probably due to an increase in targets. Transfection with proviral DNA also can transform the CFU-E of BALB-c mice. This approach allows in vitro studies on the resistence of mouse strains to RLV in vitro. The studies are of interest for the human disease in two aspects. In vitro transformation assays are needed to study the oncogenic potential of putative human leukemia viruses. Furthermore the studies have yielded some new insight in the pathogenesis of virally induced erythroblastosis. This might serve as a model for e.g. acute myeloid leukemia in man.