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Indoor Radon Concentration in Some Schools in Kaya, Burkina Faso 布基纳法索卡亚一些学校室内氡浓度
Pub Date : 2023-11-07 DOI: 10.12691/pmc-9-1-2
Bambara Telado Luc, Derra Moumouni, Kaboré Karim, Ousmane Ibrahim Cissé, François Zougmoré
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引用次数: 0
Adsorption studies of dye molecule on two-dimensional assembly of porphyrin using density functional theory 利用密度泛函理论研究染料分子在二维卟啉组装体上的吸附
Pub Date : 2023-10-24 DOI: 10.18282/mpc.v6i1.3358
Rahul Suresh, R. Rajaramakrishna, S. Vijayakumar

Highly toxic dye molecules can be found in trace amounts in the treated effluent from several industrial wastes. A challenging research area of this decade is the dye treatment and adsorption from the effluents of these industries using low-cost alternative adsorbents. Recent studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of metal oxides and porous materials in the adsorption of dye, so we have taken into consideration an organic porous material made with metal free porphyrin. The adsorption of dye molecules on the surface of the porphyrin sheet is investigated. Porphyrin is an organic substance with several special properties. Density functional theory (DFT) is used to investigate the adsorption of charged and neutral dye, as well as complex heavy metal dye, on the surface of porphyrin sheets. Positive dye has a higher affinity for the adsorbent than negative dye, according to the data on adsorption; however, complex dye has a higher adsorption energy than the other dyes, which is consistent with the cohesive energy of the PS-dye complex. In the present work the adsorbing capacity of PS for different dye molecules is demonstrated by the topological analysis and DFT calculations on the electronic structure.

在几种工业废水处理后的流出物中可以发现微量的剧毒染料分子。近十年来一个具有挑战性的研究领域是利用低成本的替代吸附剂对这些工业废水进行染料处理和吸附。最近的研究已经证明了金属氧化物和多孔材料在吸附染料方面的有效性,因此我们考虑了一种由无金属卟啉制成的有机多孔材料。研究了染料分子在卟啉片表面的吸附。卟啉是一种具有几种特殊性质的有机物质。利用密度泛函理论(DFT)研究了带电染料和中性染料以及复杂重金属染料在卟啉片表面的吸附。根据吸附数据,阳性染料对吸附剂的亲和力高于阴性染料;而配合物染料的吸附能高于其他染料,这与ps -染料配合物的黏结能是一致的。在本工作中,通过拓扑分析和电子结构的DFT计算证明了PS对不同染料分子的吸附能力。
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引用次数: 0
Enhancing Strategy CIGS Solar Cell Performance Through a New ZnSe Buffer Layer 利用新型ZnSe缓冲层提高CIGS太阳能电池性能的策略
Pub Date : 2023-10-18 DOI: 10.12691/pmc-9-1-1
Boureima Traoré, Soumaïla Ouédraogo, Daouda Oubda, Marcel Bawindsom Kébré, Adama Zongo, Issiaka Sankara, Francois Zougmoré
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引用次数: 0
Investigation of poly (2-methyl imidazole co 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether) as a leveler for blind hole copper plating 聚(2-甲基咪唑co 1,4-丁二醇二缩水甘油醚)作为盲孔镀铜矫直剂的研究
Pub Date : 2023-09-09 DOI: 10.18282/mpc.v6i1.3354
Xiangjian Zeng, Qiuman Zhou, Zhenjie Yuan, Lixin Huang, Guanghui Hu, Nian He, Qingming Zeng, Zhanchang Pan

The current synthetic leveler agents are complex to operate, troublesome to purify, and low to pore filling rates. Herein, we report a new, simple, green, and inexpensive method for the synthesis of leveler agents and study their properties systematically. In acidic copper sulfate plating solutions, including polyethylene glycol (PEG), sodium 3,3’-dithiodipropane sulfonate (SPS), and chloride ions, the relation between leveler agents (dimethylimidazole and 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether) and the filling of blind holes have been investigated. The synthesized leveler agent was structurally characterized by infrared spectroscopy and gel chromatography tests. The plating containing the leveler agent passed plating tests as well as reliability tests and met PCB production requirements. The electrochemical behavior of the leveler agent was investigated using electrochemical tests. The X-ray diffractometer (XRD) was used to observe the differences in crystal orientation on the surface of the plated layers.

目前合成的匀平剂操作复杂,提纯困难,孔隙填充率低。本文报道了一种新的、简单的、绿色的、廉价的整平剂合成方法,并对其性能进行了系统的研究。在聚乙二醇(PEG)、3,3′-二硫代二丙烷磺酸钠(SPS)和氯离子组成的酸性硫酸铜电镀溶液中,研究了平准剂(二甲基咪唑和1,4-丁二醇二甘油酯醚)与盲孔填充的关系。通过红外光谱和凝胶色谱对所合成的匀平剂进行了结构表征。含矫直剂的镀层通过电镀试验和可靠性试验,满足PCB生产要求。通过电化学试验研究了该矫直剂的电化学行为。利用x射线衍射仪(XRD)观察了镀层表面晶体取向的差异。<strong></strong></p>
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引用次数: 0
The influence of surface imperfections on phosphate coating performance of nodular cast iron substrates 表面缺陷对球墨铸铁基体磷化涂层性能的影响
Pub Date : 2023-08-21 DOI: 10.18282/mpc.v6i1.3343
S. Awe
The service performance of the nodular cast iron wheel hub was modelled by investigating the effect of surface morphology and characteristics on the phosphate coating size, morphology, and corrosion resistance properties of the zinc phosphate conversion coated cast iron substrates. The machined and unmachined surfaces as well as the coatings were examined by a scanning electron microscope coupled with an energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer (SEM-EXD). The influence of the substrates’ surface imperfections on the phosphate coating and the subsequent corrosion resistance was assessed and rated according to the standard procedures. Surface analysis of the machined and unmachined cast iron hubs reveals the existence of graphite and foreign material inclusions on the substrate surface that impact the phosphate coating properties and resistance to corrosion. The average phosphate coating crystal size is 1.74 µm and 2.58 µm for the unmachined and machined cast iron substrates, respectively. The corrosion resistance of the coated unmachined wheel hub surfaces was rated poor and disapproved based on the application requirements. The poor corrosion resistance was ascribed to the influence of the substrates’ surface characteristics on the coating adhesion to the substrate. However, the cast surfaces should be properly shot-blasted to remove any adhere foreign materials on the as-cast skin to enhance the coating adhesion.
通过研究表面形貌和特性对磷酸锌转化涂层铸铁基体的磷酸盐涂层尺寸、形貌和耐腐蚀性能的影响,模拟了球墨铸铁轮毂的使用性能。利用扫描电子显微镜和能量色散x射线光谱仪(SEM-EXD)对加工和未加工表面以及涂层进行了检测。根据标准程序评估了基材表面缺陷对磷酸盐涂层的影响以及随后的耐腐蚀性。对加工和未加工铸铁轮毂的表面分析表明,基体表面存在石墨和异物夹杂物,影响了磷酸盐涂层的性能和耐腐蚀性。对于未加工和加工过的铸铁基材,磷酸盐涂层的平均晶粒尺寸分别为1.74µm和2.58µm。根据应用要求,涂覆的未加工轮毂表面的耐腐蚀性被评为较差,不合格。耐蚀性差的原因是基体的表面特性影响了涂层与基体的附着力。然而,铸造表面应适当喷砂,以去除任何附着在铸态表面的外来物质,以提高涂层的附着力。
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引用次数: 0
Fullerene-doped polyimide materials treated via the vacuum ultraviolet irradiation: Novel possible approach to create the structured relief 真空紫外辐照处理掺杂富勒烯的聚酰亚胺材料:创造结构浮雕的新方法
Pub Date : 2023-04-23 DOI: 10.18282/mpc.v6i1.3319
N. Kamanina, G. Zvereva
Among the various surface reliefs obtained by the modification of the nanostructured materials used for the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules or applied as the possible way to extend the optical limiting mechanisms, the vacuum ultraviolet irradiation can provoke the novel approach with the varied contact angle and can be recommended for use in the development of the light- and electro-addressable liquid crystal spatial light modulators, switchers, and limiters. The main accent in the current paper is connected with the study of an impact of the vacuum ultraviolet irradiation with the different wavelength and power densities on the fullerene-structured polyimide thin films. To support the proposed idea, the spectral measurements were carried out, the contact wetting angles of the structured surface were determined, and an atomic force microscopic analysis was performed. Based on the data obtained, it is proposed to effectively use such relief formed by the vacuum ultraviolet irradiation for the design of the modulators and converters of the laser radiation, some biomedicine devices and the solar cells as well where a liquid crystal mesophase is actively used as an electro-optical modulating layer. Some ideology of the current article is aimed that the polyimide materials, when irradiated in the vacuum ultraviolet, can perform a dual role, as a photo layer and as an orienting layer as well.
通过对液晶分子取向的纳米结构材料进行改性,获得了各种表面形貌,或作为扩展光学限制机制的可能方式,真空紫外照射可以激发具有不同接触角的新方法,可以推荐用于光和电寻址液晶空间光调制器、开关器和限制器的开发。本文的重点是研究不同波长和功率密度的真空紫外线照射对富勒烯结构聚酰亚胺薄膜的影响。为了支持所提出的想法,进行了光谱测量,确定了结构表面的接触润湿角,并进行了原子力显微镜分析。在此基础上,提出了利用真空紫外照射形成的这种缓解效应,在激光辐射的调制器和转换器、一些生物医药器件和太阳能电池的设计中,以及积极采用液晶中间相作为电光调制层的设计中。本文的一些思想是,聚酰亚胺材料在真空紫外线照射下,可以发挥光层和取向层的双重作用。
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引用次数: 0
A Novel Adsorbent Prepared by Aluminum-Containing Waste Residue and Its Application for Congo Red Wastewater Decolorization 含铝废渣制备新型吸附剂及其在刚果红废水脱色中的应用
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.4236/ampc.2023.139012
Longfei Zhang, Xiaogang Han, Jinxin Mu
Modified aluminum slag (MAS) was applied as an adsorbent for Congo red (CR) prepared by the hydrothermal treatment of Ca(OH)2. At 25°C, with a MAS dosage of 0.3 g, initial CR concentration of 100 mg/L and initial pH = 5, and the adsorption time was 40 min, the CR removal efficiency was 98.41%. The adsorption trend of CR conformed to the second-order kinetics, and the adsorption isotherm follows the Freundlich isotherm model. Compared with RAS, MAS has a larger pore volume and specific surface area. The mechanism of action of MAS on CR was the interaction between membrane diffusion and internal diffusion, and the adsorption rate during the membrane diffusion was the fastest.
采用改性铝渣(MAS)作为水热法处理Ca(OH)2制备的刚果红(CR)的吸附剂。在25℃条件下,MAS投加量为0.3 g,初始CR浓度为100 mg/L,初始pH = 5,吸附时间为40 min, CR去除率为98.41%。CR的吸附趋势符合二级动力学,吸附等温线符合Freundlich等温线模型。与RAS相比,MAS具有更大的孔隙体积和比表面积。MAS对CR的作用机制是膜扩散和内扩散的相互作用,且膜扩散过程中吸附速率最快。
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引用次数: 0
Thermal and Mechanical Characterization of Compressed Clay Bricks Reinforced by Rice Husks for Optimizing Building in Sahelian Zone 用于萨赫勒地区建筑优化的稻壳增强压缩粘土砖热力学特性研究
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.4236/ampc.2023.1310013
  Modjonda,   Souaibou, Yanné Etienne, Danwe Raidandi
This article deals with the characterization of local materials used in insulation building heat. These materials are bricks of earth compressed and stabilized with rice husks. Thermal conductivity, the specific heat and the thermal diffusivity of materials based on clay incorporating rate of 0, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% and 10% are determined. The results showed that the clay blocks + rice balls had better thermal insulators than simple clay blocks. However, these composite materials used for the envelope of the building must have sufficient mechanical resistance when used in construction. The measurement of mechanical properties such as compressive strength showed an improvement of 6% and beyond, a drop in resistance when increasing rice husks in clay is observed. These results allow to specify the optimal conditions of use of these materials for the building envelope.
本文讨论了用于建筑隔热的本地材料的特性。这些材料是用稻壳压缩和稳定的土砖。测定了粘土掺入率为0、2%、4%、6%、8%和10%的材料的导热系数、比热和热扩散系数。结果表明,粘土块+饭团的保温效果优于单纯粘土块。然而,这些用于建筑围护结构的复合材料在施工时必须具有足够的机械阻力。抗压强度等力学性能的测定结果表明,在粘土中加入稻壳后,稻壳的抗压强度提高了6%以上,稻壳的抗压强度下降。这些结果允许指定这些材料用于建筑围护结构的最佳使用条件。
{"title":"Thermal and Mechanical Characterization of Compressed Clay Bricks Reinforced by Rice Husks for Optimizing Building in Sahelian Zone","authors":"  Modjonda,   Souaibou, Yanné Etienne, Danwe Raidandi","doi":"10.4236/ampc.2023.1310013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ampc.2023.1310013","url":null,"abstract":"This article deals with the characterization of local materials used in insulation building heat. These materials are bricks of earth compressed and stabilized with rice husks. Thermal conductivity, the specific heat and the thermal diffusivity of materials based on clay incorporating rate of 0, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% and 10% are determined. The results showed that the clay blocks + rice balls had better thermal insulators than simple clay blocks. However, these composite materials used for the envelope of the building must have sufficient mechanical resistance when used in construction. The measurement of mechanical properties such as compressive strength showed an improvement of 6% and beyond, a drop in resistance when increasing rice husks in clay is observed. These results allow to specify the optimal conditions of use of these materials for the building envelope.","PeriodicalId":7338,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Materials Physics and Chemistry","volume":"120 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135260794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Study of the Effect of Operating Temperatures (1320 K, 1420 K and 1520 K) on the Vacant Sites of TiN Alloy in B2 Structure at 45%, 50% and 55% N by MEAM Method 用MEAM法研究了在45%、50%和55% N条件下,1320 K、1420 K和1520 K对B2结构TiN合金空位的影响
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.4236/ampc.2023.137010
Alain S. Dzabana Honguelet, Yahnn J. Mighensle Mimboui, Ronolvie Bitho Ondongo, Timothée Nsongo
In this work, we have studied the vacancy formation energy of TiN alloy of structure B2 of size 10 × 10 × 10 for nitrogen percentages of 45%, 50% and 55% under the influence of temperature at 1320 K, 1420 K and 1520 K using the Modified Embedded Atom Method MEAM under the calculation code LAMMPS version 2020. This study has enabled us to understand the behavior of the TiN alloy under different nitrogen percentages in terms of total energy, vacancy formation energy, crystalline parameter, occupancy rate and order parameter. For total energy, we have shown that as temperature increases, total energy decreases, making it easier to obtain TiN at higher temperatures; reaching the value of -7344.9169 eV for the 55% nitrogen structure for the temperature of 1420 K. For the energy of formation, we have shown that the compounds obtained at 1320 K and 1520 K have a more considerable energy of formation than that obtained at 1420 K. The study of fractions and the order parameter showed us that the structure of TiN with 55% nitrogen is less likely, as the composition obtained is at most 53.35%.
本文研究了氮含量为45%、50%和55%时,尺寸为10 × 10 × 10的B2结构TiN合金在1320 K、1420 K和1520 K温度影响下的空位形成能,采用改进嵌入原子法MEAM,计算程序为LAMMPS version 2020。本研究使我们从总能、空位形成能、结晶参数、占位率和有序参数等方面了解了不同氮含量下TiN合金的行为。对于总能量,我们已经表明,随着温度的升高,总能量降低,使得在更高温度下更容易获得TiN;当温度为1420 K时,55%氮结构达到-7344.9169 eV。对于生成能,我们已经证明在1320k和1520k下得到的化合物比在1420k下得到的化合物具有更大的生成能。分数和序参量的研究表明,氮含量为55%的TiN的结构不太可能,得到的成分最多为53.35%。
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引用次数: 0
Influence of Defect Density, Band Gap Discontinuity and Electron Mobility on the Performance of Perovskite Solar Cells 缺陷密度、带隙不连续和电子迁移率对钙钛矿太阳能电池性能的影响
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.4236/ampc.2023.138011
Issiaka Sankara, Soumaïla Ouédraogo, Daouda Oubda, Boureima Traoré, Marcel Bawindsom Kébré, Adama Zongo, François Zougmoré
In this manuscript, we used the SCAPS-1D software to perform numerical simulations on a perovskite solar cell. These simulations were used to study the influence of certain parameters on the electrical behavior of the cell. We have shown in this study that electron mobility is strongly influenced by the thickness of the absorber, since electron velocity is reduced by thickness. The influence of the defect density shows that above 1016 cm-3 all the electrical parameters are affected by the defects. The band discontinuity at the interface generally plays a crucial role in the charge transport phenomenon. The importance of this study is to enable the development of good quality perovskite solar cells, while taking into account the parameters that limit solar cell performance.
在本文中,我们使用SCAPS-1D软件对钙钛矿太阳能电池进行了数值模拟。这些模拟被用来研究某些参数对电池电行为的影响。我们在这项研究中表明,电子迁移率受到吸收剂厚度的强烈影响,因为电子速度随厚度而降低。缺陷密度的影响表明,在1016 cm-3以上,所有的电学参数都受到缺陷的影响。界面处的能带不连续在电荷输运现象中起着至关重要的作用。这项研究的重要性在于能够开发出高质量的钙钛矿太阳能电池,同时考虑到限制太阳能电池性能的参数。
{"title":"Influence of Defect Density, Band Gap Discontinuity and Electron Mobility on the Performance of Perovskite Solar Cells","authors":"Issiaka Sankara, Soumaïla Ouédraogo, Daouda Oubda, Boureima Traoré, Marcel Bawindsom Kébré, Adama Zongo, François Zougmoré","doi":"10.4236/ampc.2023.138011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ampc.2023.138011","url":null,"abstract":"In this manuscript, we used the SCAPS-1D software to perform numerical simulations on a perovskite solar cell. These simulations were used to study the influence of certain parameters on the electrical behavior of the cell. We have shown in this study that electron mobility is strongly influenced by the thickness of the absorber, since electron velocity is reduced by thickness. The influence of the defect density shows that above 1016 cm-3 all the electrical parameters are affected by the defects. The band discontinuity at the interface generally plays a crucial role in the charge transport phenomenon. The importance of this study is to enable the development of good quality perovskite solar cells, while taking into account the parameters that limit solar cell performance.","PeriodicalId":7338,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Materials Physics and Chemistry","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135594945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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Advances in Materials Physics and Chemistry
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