Objective: Despite global efforts to decrease maternal death and stillbirths worldwide, maternal mortality rate and stillbirth remain high in the global south countries. These deaths often have immediate and long-lasting effects on midwives who care for these women.Methods: This paper explores the effects of maternal death and stillbirth on midwives in Namibia. A qualitative approach was adopted using a descriptive, exploratory and contextual design. The objective of this study was to explore the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) related feelings among midwives after exposure to maternal death and stillbirth. Data was collected using Focus Group Discussions (FGD) and individual interviews. Four FGDs and four individual interviews were conducted with midwives from two state hospitals in Windhoek. Midwives were purposively selected, and a total of 29 midwives participated in the study. Individual interviews and FGDs were audiotaped and transcribed verbatim. Data were analysed using content analysis and coded using Tech’s steps of open-coding.Results: The researcher identified one central theme with six sub-themes. The study showed that the midwives experienced PTSD related feelings such as insomnia and nightmares, recollection of the event (flashbacks), sense of self-blame, guilt, anger, shame, and being haunted/tormented.Conclusions: It is concluded that maternal death and fresh stillbirth can lead to PTSD effects on midwives, hence addressing these challenges. Therefore, the researchers recommend that hospitals in the Khomas Region develop and implement the wellness programmes in the workplace, such as the Employee Assistance Programme, to support midwives who experienced these traumatic events to prevent and manage these effects in the future. Equally, further research is needed to evaluate the impact of the wellness programme on midwives who experienced MDs and FSBs in Namibia.
{"title":"Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder among midwives after exposure to maternal death and stillbirth in Khomas Region of Namibia","authors":"Tuwilika Endjala, H. Amukugo, Emma Maano Ngitanwa","doi":"10.5430/ijh.v7n2p7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/ijh.v7n2p7","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Despite global efforts to decrease maternal death and stillbirths worldwide, maternal mortality rate and stillbirth remain high in the global south countries. These deaths often have immediate and long-lasting effects on midwives who care for these women.Methods: This paper explores the effects of maternal death and stillbirth on midwives in Namibia. A qualitative approach was adopted using a descriptive, exploratory and contextual design. The objective of this study was to explore the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) related feelings among midwives after exposure to maternal death and stillbirth. Data was collected using Focus Group Discussions (FGD) and individual interviews. Four FGDs and four individual interviews were conducted with midwives from two state hospitals in Windhoek. Midwives were purposively selected, and a total of 29 midwives participated in the study. Individual interviews and FGDs were audiotaped and transcribed verbatim. Data were analysed using content analysis and coded using Tech’s steps of open-coding.Results: The researcher identified one central theme with six sub-themes. The study showed that the midwives experienced PTSD related feelings such as insomnia and nightmares, recollection of the event (flashbacks), sense of self-blame, guilt, anger, shame, and being haunted/tormented.Conclusions: It is concluded that maternal death and fresh stillbirth can lead to PTSD effects on midwives, hence addressing these challenges. Therefore, the researchers recommend that hospitals in the Khomas Region develop and implement the wellness programmes in the workplace, such as the Employee Assistance Programme, to support midwives who experienced these traumatic events to prevent and manage these effects in the future. Equally, further research is needed to evaluate the impact of the wellness programme on midwives who experienced MDs and FSBs in Namibia.","PeriodicalId":73454,"journal":{"name":"International journal of healthcare","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72522222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-15DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-124402/v1
Noha A. Al Aloola, Sumaiah Aljudaib, Fathy A. Behery, M. Alwhaibi, Tariq M. Alhawassi
Background: Pharmaceutical care services in Saudi Arabia recently transferred from Ministry of Health (MOH) primary healthcare centers (PHCs) to community pharmacies (Wasfaty service). However, there is a lack of research on the need and impact of this transition. This study explored the Saudi community’s perception toward the transition of pharmaceutical care service from MOH PHCs to the Wasfaty service. Community needs and expectations from the Wasfaty service were assessed, and its experience, concerns, and limitations were evaluated. Methods: Qualitative, in-depth, semistructured interviews of Saudi community members who visited community pharmacies with electronic prescriptions from MOH primary healthcare clinics were conducted. The data obtained from 18 participants were thematically organized and analyzed using NVivo software. Results: Seven themes related to the new Wasfaty service were identified and divided into three categories: perception toward the transition in pharmaceutical care, experience of the Wasfaty service, and concerns about and limitations of the Wasfaty service. The Saudi community was generally satisfied with the new Wasfaty service and highlighted its benefits: easier access, time flexibility, and less crowded community pharmacies. In addition, the Wasfaty service provided them with better communication with pharmacists, better education about their medications, better availability of medications, better control over medication dispensing, and easier refills compared to primary healthcare pharmacies. However, the community complained about the lack of privacy in community pharmacies, the number and location of community pharmacies having the Wasfaty service, a few technical issues, a lack of female pharmacists, few Saudi pharmacists, a lack of labels on medications, and limited or no instructions about medication storage. Conclusion: The Saudi community needs the transition from MOH PHCs to the Wasfaty service in pharmaceutical care. The community also has concerns about this transition and the limitations of the Wasfaty service.
{"title":"Perception of the Community Toward Transition of Pharmaceutical Care Services from Ministry of Health Primary Healthcare Centers to Community Pharmacies","authors":"Noha A. Al Aloola, Sumaiah Aljudaib, Fathy A. Behery, M. Alwhaibi, Tariq M. Alhawassi","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-124402/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-124402/v1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Background: Pharmaceutical care services in Saudi Arabia recently transferred from Ministry of Health (MOH) primary healthcare centers (PHCs) to community pharmacies (Wasfaty service). However, there is a lack of research on the need and impact of this transition. This study explored the Saudi community’s perception toward the transition of pharmaceutical care service from MOH PHCs to the Wasfaty service. Community needs and expectations from the Wasfaty service were assessed, and its experience, concerns, and limitations were evaluated. Methods: Qualitative, in-depth, semistructured interviews of Saudi community members who visited community pharmacies with electronic prescriptions from MOH primary healthcare clinics were conducted. The data obtained from 18 participants were thematically organized and analyzed using NVivo software. Results: Seven themes related to the new Wasfaty service were identified and divided into three categories: perception toward the transition in pharmaceutical care, experience of the Wasfaty service, and concerns about and limitations of the Wasfaty service. The Saudi community was generally satisfied with the new Wasfaty service and highlighted its benefits: easier access, time flexibility, and less crowded community pharmacies. In addition, the Wasfaty service provided them with better communication with pharmacists, better education about their medications, better availability of medications, better control over medication dispensing, and easier refills compared to primary healthcare pharmacies. However, the community complained about the lack of privacy in community pharmacies, the number and location of community pharmacies having the Wasfaty service, a few technical issues, a lack of female pharmacists, few Saudi pharmacists, a lack of labels on medications, and limited or no instructions about medication storage. Conclusion: The Saudi community needs the transition from MOH PHCs to the Wasfaty service in pharmaceutical care. The community also has concerns about this transition and the limitations of the Wasfaty service.","PeriodicalId":73454,"journal":{"name":"International journal of healthcare","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79917516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tu T. Tran, Bryan V. Pham, T. Vo, J. Hodding, J. Le
Purpose: Medication errors may stem from confirmation bias, a type of selective thinking to support one’s own preconception rather than what is actually true. Our objective was to describe an innovative approach to the medication verification process that minimizes confirmation bias.Summary: In September 2014, our pharmacy team implemented a unique double-check method that limited confirmation bias within the medication verification process for the compounding of non-sterile oral products and sterile intravenous admixtures. Our innovative approach required the pharmacist to first check the constituents and the final product without directly viewing the label, and then double check against the final product label. A confirmation bias form was used to ensure adherence to the newly designed workflow. The primary factor contributing to confirmation bias was expectation. Over the 29-month study period, we observed an immediate reduction in escaped defects (30 pre- to 0-4 post-implementation). Most of the escaped defects were “potential” medications errors that were captured prior to leaving the pharmacy and did not reach the patient nor resulted in any harm. While this process improved medication safety, there was no change in pharmacy staff requirement, indicating its cost neutrality.Conclusion: The elimination of confirmation bias and incorporation of a double-check system during the drug verification process improved the safe use of medications without additional staffing cost.
{"title":"Innovative approach to the medication verification process: Role of pharmacists in the minimization of confirmation bias","authors":"Tu T. Tran, Bryan V. Pham, T. Vo, J. Hodding, J. Le","doi":"10.5430/ijh.v6n2p62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/ijh.v6n2p62","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Medication errors may stem from confirmation bias, a type of selective thinking to support one’s own preconception rather than what is actually true. Our objective was to describe an innovative approach to the medication verification process that minimizes confirmation bias.Summary: In September 2014, our pharmacy team implemented a unique double-check method that limited confirmation bias within the medication verification process for the compounding of non-sterile oral products and sterile intravenous admixtures. Our innovative approach required the pharmacist to first check the constituents and the final product without directly viewing the label, and then double check against the final product label. A confirmation bias form was used to ensure adherence to the newly designed workflow. The primary factor contributing to confirmation bias was expectation. Over the 29-month study period, we observed an immediate reduction in escaped defects (30 pre- to 0-4 post-implementation). Most of the escaped defects were “potential” medications errors that were captured prior to leaving the pharmacy and did not reach the patient nor resulted in any harm. While this process improved medication safety, there was no change in pharmacy staff requirement, indicating its cost neutrality.Conclusion: The elimination of confirmation bias and incorporation of a double-check system during the drug verification process improved the safe use of medications without additional staffing cost.","PeriodicalId":73454,"journal":{"name":"International journal of healthcare","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88744643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: This study aims at assessing the nutritional status of children under-five years of age with acute diarrhoea, determine the prevalence of malnutrition and identifying factors associated with undernutrition among children under 5 years old in Ohangwena Region, Namibia.Methods: Cross-sectional, non-interventional study was conducted. A structured questionnaire was administered through face to face interviews. A total of 530 children under-five years from 530 households were included in this study. The nutritional index was measured based on Child Growth Standards proposed by WHO. The anthropometric measures used included mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) and weight-for-age Z score (WAZ). Logistic regression was applied to determine the factors associated with the prevalence of malnutrition.Results: The overall prevalence of diarrhoea among the children under-five years was 24%, of these, 77% were suffering from malnutrition. Malnutrition prevalence was observed to be significantly associated with a child suffering from diarrhoea (p < .05) and children aged between 12-23 months p .001. Equally, the highest prevalence of malnutrition 29.4% [95% CI = 24.65; 34.15] was found amongst children under-five years old with mothers/caregivers aged 18-30 years. The strongest predictor of malnutrition was the mother/caregiver not being an educated recording odds ratio of 20.2.Conclusions: This study identified the need to develop and intensify strategies that may improve nutritional status in children under-five years such as health education, improved literacy, and women empowerment.
目的:本研究旨在评估纳米比亚Ohangwena地区5岁以下急性腹泻儿童的营养状况，确定营养不良的患病率，并确定与营养不良有关的因素。方法:横断面、非介入性研究。通过面对面访谈进行结构化问卷调查。来自530个家庭的530名5岁以下儿童被纳入这项研究。营养指数是根据世界卫生组织提出的儿童生长标准测量的。使用的人体测量测量包括上臂中围(MUAC)和年龄体重Z评分(WAZ)。应用Logistic回归来确定与营养不良发生率相关的因素。结果:五岁以下儿童腹泻的总体患病率为24%，其中77%患有营养不良。观察到营养不良患病率与儿童腹泻(p < 0.05)和12-23月龄儿童(p < 0.001)显著相关。同样，营养不良的最高患病率为29.4% [95% CI = 24.65;[34.15]在母亲/照顾者年龄在18-30岁之间的5岁以下儿童中发现。营养不良的最强预测因子是母亲/照顾者没有受过教育，记录的比值比为20.2。结论:本研究确定有必要制定和加强可能改善五岁以下儿童营养状况的战略，如健康教育、提高识字率和赋予妇女权力。
{"title":"Factors associated with the nutritional status of children under-five years of age with diarrhoea in Ohangwena Region, Namibia","authors":"M. F. Bauleth, H. Mitonga, L. N. Pinehas","doi":"10.5430/ijh.v6n2p23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/ijh.v6n2p23","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This study aims at assessing the nutritional status of children under-five years of age with acute diarrhoea, determine the prevalence of malnutrition and identifying factors associated with undernutrition among children under 5 years old in Ohangwena Region, Namibia.Methods: Cross-sectional, non-interventional study was conducted. A structured questionnaire was administered through face to face interviews. A total of 530 children under-five years from 530 households were included in this study. The nutritional index was measured based on Child Growth Standards proposed by WHO. The anthropometric measures used included mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) and weight-for-age Z score (WAZ). Logistic regression was applied to determine the factors associated with the prevalence of malnutrition.Results: The overall prevalence of diarrhoea among the children under-five years was 24%, of these, 77% were suffering from malnutrition. Malnutrition prevalence was observed to be significantly associated with a child suffering from diarrhoea (p < .05) and children aged between 12-23 months p .001. Equally, the highest prevalence of malnutrition 29.4% [95% CI = 24.65; 34.15] was found amongst children under-five years old with mothers/caregivers aged 18-30 years. The strongest predictor of malnutrition was the mother/caregiver not being an educated recording odds ratio of 20.2.Conclusions: This study identified the need to develop and intensify strategies that may improve nutritional status in children under-five years such as health education, improved literacy, and women empowerment.","PeriodicalId":73454,"journal":{"name":"International journal of healthcare","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86325007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ilana Boucher, S. Bourke, Janet Green, Elianna Johnson, L. Jones
Being transgender (TG) is part of the natural spectrum of human diversity, and its visibility has increased with societal change. The TG population is comprised of individuals identifying themselves as the opposite gender to that which they were born. Adult TG people are calculated as a part of Australia’s non-heterosexual marginal population; therefore, exact numbers are unknown. As a result of not being recognised, TG people have faced multiple challenges, fairing worse in all socioeconomic and health measures, including not being able to afford and access appropriate healthcare. Many of these challenges arise from a lack of understanding resulting in social exclusion, bullying, and physical attacks. The isolation and physical assaults on this community creates anxiety and mental health conditions, including self-harm, suicide, depression, personality disorder, psychosis, post traumatic disorder, and eating disorders. To affirm a gender identity that is different from the gender a person was born to is referred to as “transition”. The lengths to which an individual will go to transition is varied with some people choosing to change only their dress and mannerisms and others to undertake medical interventions such as hormonal therapy and/or surgery. In Australia, there is limited capacity within the health system to support the needs of the trans and gender diverse (TGD) population. Initiatives such as nurse-led post-operative support service need to be created as a way to address this. This service could provide patients with nurse advocates working collaboratively with other health professionals to provide primary health solutions.
{"title":"Addressing the health care needs of people who identify as transgender: What do nurses need to know?","authors":"Ilana Boucher, S. Bourke, Janet Green, Elianna Johnson, L. Jones","doi":"10.5430/ijh.v6n2p14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/ijh.v6n2p14","url":null,"abstract":"Being transgender (TG) is part of the natural spectrum of human diversity, and its visibility has increased with societal change. The TG population is comprised of individuals identifying themselves as the opposite gender to that which they were born. Adult TG people are calculated as a part of Australia’s non-heterosexual marginal population; therefore, exact numbers are unknown. As a result of not being recognised, TG people have faced multiple challenges, fairing worse in all socioeconomic and health measures, including not being able to afford and access appropriate healthcare. Many of these challenges arise from a lack of understanding resulting in social exclusion, bullying, and physical attacks. The isolation and physical assaults on this community creates anxiety and mental health conditions, including self-harm, suicide, depression, personality disorder, psychosis, post traumatic disorder, and eating disorders. To affirm a gender identity that is different from the gender a person was born to is referred to as “transition”. The lengths to which an individual will go to transition is varied with some people choosing to change only their dress and mannerisms and others to undertake medical interventions such as hormonal therapy and/or surgery. In Australia, there is limited capacity within the health system to support the needs of the trans and gender diverse (TGD) population. Initiatives such as nurse-led post-operative support service need to be created as a way to address this. This service could provide patients with nurse advocates working collaboratively with other health professionals to provide primary health solutions.","PeriodicalId":73454,"journal":{"name":"International journal of healthcare","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83086081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Hospice care is an alternative for those patients who wish to die at home. Most clients who have a terminal illness would rather choose the services provided by healthcare workers who deliver hospice care in the client’s home. For some, it is important to have the ability to spend time with friends, family and to die with dignity and respect at their preferable place of death. Qatar has established end of life care services for patients with advanced stages of cancer, however these services are delivered on palliative care units housed within the National Center for Cancer Care and Research (NCCCR). Having the ability to provide at home hospice care is a necessity in order to carry out the wish of clients who wish to die at home, fulfil the gap in these facilities, and achieve the goal of Qatar’s national health strategy, which is to improve cancer services.Aim: To explore the literature for different models of at-home hospice care worldwide then find a model that can be adapted to the context of Qatar.Methods: A literature review approach was used. Nine scholarly articles were found that focused on and evaluated different at-home hospice models of care worldwide published between 2007 and 2018. Articles were critically appraised using the Mixed Method Appraisal Tool. The data were analysed by categorizing the included articles in a spreadsheet based on study design.Results: The most significant components of at-home models of hospice care were multidimensional care, staff competent in delivering end of life care services, and the ability to provide twenty-four-hour care in the home. These components had a positive impact on providing safe effective end of life care services at home.Conclusions: Taken together, all the necessary components identified in this literature review will go a long way in the successful development of hospice care in Qatar.
{"title":"Exploring various models of hospice care worldwide that can be used and adapted to the context of Qatar: A review of the literature","authors":"Aisha Khan, Jessie Johnson, A. Bulushi","doi":"10.5430/ijh.v6n2p1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/ijh.v6n2p1","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hospice care is an alternative for those patients who wish to die at home. Most clients who have a terminal illness would rather choose the services provided by healthcare workers who deliver hospice care in the client’s home. For some, it is important to have the ability to spend time with friends, family and to die with dignity and respect at their preferable place of death. Qatar has established end of life care services for patients with advanced stages of cancer, however these services are delivered on palliative care units housed within the National Center for Cancer Care and Research (NCCCR). Having the ability to provide at home hospice care is a necessity in order to carry out the wish of clients who wish to die at home, fulfil the gap in these facilities, and achieve the goal of Qatar’s national health strategy, which is to improve cancer services.Aim: To explore the literature for different models of at-home hospice care worldwide then find a model that can be adapted to the context of Qatar.Methods: A literature review approach was used. Nine scholarly articles were found that focused on and evaluated different at-home hospice models of care worldwide published between 2007 and 2018. Articles were critically appraised using the Mixed Method Appraisal Tool. The data were analysed by categorizing the included articles in a spreadsheet based on study design.Results: The most significant components of at-home models of hospice care were multidimensional care, staff competent in delivering end of life care services, and the ability to provide twenty-four-hour care in the home. These components had a positive impact on providing safe effective end of life care services at home.Conclusions: Taken together, all the necessary components identified in this literature review will go a long way in the successful development of hospice care in Qatar.","PeriodicalId":73454,"journal":{"name":"International journal of healthcare","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84535544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: Healthcare systems have primary responsibility for treating tobacco dependence. Despite its proven effectiveness, international studies have shown that smoking cessation advice to patients in primary health care is suboptimal. This study aimed at assessing Palestinian PHC physicians’ compliance and attitude towards smoking cessation counseling and their determinants.Methods: The study utilized a cross-sectional study design using a self-reported questionnaire targeted general practitioners, family medicine doctors, obstetrics & gynecologists, and dentists working at PHC Centers in Palestine from April to September 2019. A proportional stratified random sampling method was used. Socio-demographic, medical experience, if received any training in smoking cessation counseling, smoking history, practice compliance, knowledge, confidence, and attitude, were assessed.Results: Two-hundred ninety-four PHC physicians participated in the study with a high response rate. More than half (53%) were between 31-45 years of age. Most of them (76.5%) were general practitioners seeing more than 30 patients per day (66%), and only 15% (n = 40) get training about smoking cessation counseling. Practice compliance was low; only 39 (13.3%) reported adherence to smoking cessation practice. The participant physicians’ attitude level was good as the overall attitude score mean 75.1 ± 9.6. A positive attitude, assigned as any score ≥ 65, was observed in 87.7% (n = 258) of physicians. Job title, experience, and knowledge are predictors of a positive attitude towards smoking cessation counseling.Conclusions: Building a supportive environment, improving physicians’ capabilities will reflect on their self-efficacy and their confidence level and enhance their practice in smoking cessation counseling.
{"title":"Smoking cessation counseling: Attitude in the background of poor practice compliance among Palestinian primary health care physicians: a cross-sectional study","authors":"Beesan Maraqa, Z. Nazzal, Jurouh Jabareen","doi":"10.21203/rs.2.24204/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.2.24204/v1","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Healthcare systems have primary responsibility for treating tobacco dependence. Despite its proven effectiveness, international studies have shown that smoking cessation advice to patients in primary health care is suboptimal. This study aimed at assessing Palestinian PHC physicians’ compliance and attitude towards smoking cessation counseling and their determinants.Methods: The study utilized a cross-sectional study design using a self-reported questionnaire targeted general practitioners, family medicine doctors, obstetrics & gynecologists, and dentists working at PHC Centers in Palestine from April to September 2019. A proportional stratified random sampling method was used. Socio-demographic, medical experience, if received any training in smoking cessation counseling, smoking history, practice compliance, knowledge, confidence, and attitude, were assessed.Results: Two-hundred ninety-four PHC physicians participated in the study with a high response rate. More than half (53%) were between 31-45 years of age. Most of them (76.5%) were general practitioners seeing more than 30 patients per day (66%), and only 15% (n = 40) get training about smoking cessation counseling. Practice compliance was low; only 39 (13.3%) reported adherence to smoking cessation practice. The participant physicians’ attitude level was good as the overall attitude score mean 75.1 ± 9.6. A positive attitude, assigned as any score ≥ 65, was observed in 87.7% (n = 258) of physicians. Job title, experience, and knowledge are predictors of a positive attitude towards smoking cessation counseling.Conclusions: Building a supportive environment, improving physicians’ capabilities will reflect on their self-efficacy and their confidence level and enhance their practice in smoking cessation counseling.","PeriodicalId":73454,"journal":{"name":"International journal of healthcare","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81666621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01Epub Date: 2020-05-06DOI: 10.5430/ijh.v6n2p35
Maribel Cervantes-Ortega, Senxi Du, Kelly A Biegler, Sadeeka Al-Majid, Katelyn C Davis, Yunan Chen, Alfred Kobsa, Dana B Mukamel, Dara H Sorkin
Background: Despite declining cancer incidence and mortality rates, Latina patients continue to have lower 5-year survival rates compared to their non-Hispanic white counterparts. Much of this difference has been attributed to lack of healthcare access and poorer quality of care. Research, however, has not considered the unique healthcare experiences of Latina patients.
Methods: Latina women with prior diagnoses of stage 0-III breast cancer were asked to complete a cross-sectional survey assessing several socio-demographic factors along with their experiences as cancer patients. Using a series of linear regression models in a sample of 68 Mexican-American breast cancer survivors, we examined the extent to which patients' ratings of provider interpersonal quality of care were associated with patients' overall healthcare quality, and how these associations varied by acculturation status.
Results: Findings for Latina women indicated that both participatory decision-making (PDM) (β = 0.62, p < .0001) and trust (β = 0.53, p = .02) were significantly associated with patients' ratings of healthcare quality. The interaction between acculturation and PDM further suggested that participating in the decision-making process mattered more for less acculturated than for more acculturated patients (β = -0.51, p ≤ .01).
Conclusions: The variation across low and high acculturated Latinas in their decision-making process introduces a unique challenge to health care providers. Further understanding the relationship between provider-patient experiences and ratings of overall healthcare quality is critical for ultimately improving health outcomes.
{"title":"Participatory decision-making for cancer care in a high-risk sample of low income Mexican-American breast cancer survivors: The role of acculturation.","authors":"Maribel Cervantes-Ortega, Senxi Du, Kelly A Biegler, Sadeeka Al-Majid, Katelyn C Davis, Yunan Chen, Alfred Kobsa, Dana B Mukamel, Dara H Sorkin","doi":"10.5430/ijh.v6n2p35","DOIUrl":"10.5430/ijh.v6n2p35","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite declining cancer incidence and mortality rates, Latina patients continue to have lower 5-year survival rates compared to their non-Hispanic white counterparts. Much of this difference has been attributed to lack of healthcare access and poorer quality of care. Research, however, has not considered the unique healthcare experiences of Latina patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Latina women with prior diagnoses of stage 0-III breast cancer were asked to complete a cross-sectional survey assessing several socio-demographic factors along with their experiences as cancer patients. Using a series of linear regression models in a sample of 68 Mexican-American breast cancer survivors, we examined the extent to which patients' ratings of provider interpersonal quality of care were associated with patients' overall healthcare quality, and how these associations varied by acculturation status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Findings for Latina women indicated that both participatory decision-making (PDM) (<i>β</i> = 0.62, <i>p</i> < .0001) and trust (<i>β</i> = 0.53, <i>p</i> = .02) were significantly associated with patients' ratings of healthcare quality. The interaction between acculturation and PDM further suggested that participating in the decision-making process mattered more for less acculturated than for more acculturated patients (<i>β</i> = -0.51, <i>p ≤</i> .01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The variation across low and high acculturated Latinas in their decision-making process introduces a unique challenge to health care providers. Further understanding the relationship between provider-patient experiences and ratings of overall healthcare quality is critical for ultimately improving health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":73454,"journal":{"name":"International journal of healthcare","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8064556/pdf/nihms-1687721.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38908078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sheuwen Chuang, L. M. Maguire, S. Hsiao, Y. Ho, Su-Fen Tsai
Objective: Nursing shortage in acute care had shown a negative impact on patient safety and nurses. This study determines nurses’ perceptions of hazards affecting patient safety in the intensive care units (ICUs) of a private regional hospital.Methods: An initial focus group was used to explore nurses’ sense of, and experiences with, hazards affecting patient safety in daily care. This data aided in developing a structured questionnaire to survey ICU nurses. Nonparametric test and t test were applied for inference analysis.Results: Response rate was 78% with average age of respondents 28. Sixty-three hazards were identified and segmented into four domains. Hazards in the Team/Communication domain were the highest risks commonly perceived by all ICU nurses. Less-experienced nurses were more concerned about unfamiliar procedures/equipment and unexpected conditions from both Administration/Maintenance and Patients/Family domains than senior nurses.Conclusions: The study highlights the complexity of nursing care and hidden nursing management issues, as well as suggests that nurses’ perceptions of hazards to patient care could help understand important difference between nursing staff to more specifically address variations to improve the situation.
{"title":"Nurses’ perceptions of hazards to patient safety in the intensive care units during a nursing staff shortage","authors":"Sheuwen Chuang, L. M. Maguire, S. Hsiao, Y. Ho, Su-Fen Tsai","doi":"10.5430/ijh.v6n1p19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/ijh.v6n1p19","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Nursing shortage in acute care had shown a negative impact on patient safety and nurses. This study determines nurses’ perceptions of hazards affecting patient safety in the intensive care units (ICUs) of a private regional hospital.Methods: An initial focus group was used to explore nurses’ sense of, and experiences with, hazards affecting patient safety in daily care. This data aided in developing a structured questionnaire to survey ICU nurses. Nonparametric test and t test were applied for inference analysis.Results: Response rate was 78% with average age of respondents 28. Sixty-three hazards were identified and segmented into four domains. Hazards in the Team/Communication domain were the highest risks commonly perceived by all ICU nurses. Less-experienced nurses were more concerned about unfamiliar procedures/equipment and unexpected conditions from both Administration/Maintenance and Patients/Family domains than senior nurses.Conclusions: The study highlights the complexity of nursing care and hidden nursing management issues, as well as suggests that nurses’ perceptions of hazards to patient care could help understand important difference between nursing staff to more specifically address variations to improve the situation.","PeriodicalId":73454,"journal":{"name":"International journal of healthcare","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75462020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: Antibiotics are considered crucial in preventing and treating many infectious diseases. However, antibiotics use causes major side effects and consequences. Raising public awareness about proper use of antibiotics contributes to improving understanding and preventing irreversible consequences. The aim of this study was to measure the level of awareness of antibiotics use among Omani patients, and to assess the relationship between level of awareness of antibiotics use and selected demographic variables.Methods: A cross-sectional design using a questionnaire, with a convenience sample of 354 patients was employed for this study.Results: The findings of this study indicated that most of the participants (63%) reported poor levels of awareness of antibiotics use. The mean value of level of awareness was 19.3 and the standard deviation was 3. Participants ranked doctors as the most (27%) to receive education from. There were significant relationship between levels of antibiotics awareness and gender [rpb (352) = -.126, p < .05]; levels of antibiotics awareness and employment [rpb (352) = -.149, p < .01]; levels of antibiotics awareness across age groups [F (3, 350) = 2.308, p = .049]; and across levels of education [F (3, 350) = 3.268, p = .014].Conclusions: Such findings are crucial because they form the basis for establishing awareness programs about antibiotics use which should be made accessible to patients and their families.
目的:抗生素被认为是预防和治疗许多传染病的关键。然而，抗生素的使用会导致严重的副作用和后果。提高公众对正确使用抗生素的认识有助于增进了解并预防不可逆转的后果。本研究的目的是测量阿曼患者对抗生素使用的认识水平，并评估抗生素使用的认识水平与选定的人口变量之间的关系。方法:采用问卷调查的横断面设计，选取方便样本354例。结果:本研究的结果表明，大多数参与者(63%)报告对抗生素使用的认识水平较低。认知水平均值为19.3，标准差为3。受访者认为医生是最受教育的人(27%)。抗生素认知水平与性别有显著相关[rpb(352) = -]。126, p < 0.05];抗生素的认知和使用水平[rpb(352) = -。149, p < 0.01];各年龄组抗生素认知水平[F (3,350) = 2.308, p = 0.049];不同教育水平[F (3,350) = 3.268, p = 0.014]。结论:这些发现是至关重要的，因为它们构成了建立抗生素使用意识计划的基础，这些计划应使患者及其家属能够获得。
{"title":"Awareness of antibiotics use among Omani patients","authors":"Hilal H. Alrahbi, A. Al-Alawi, N. Al-Abri","doi":"10.5430/ijh.v6n1p12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/ijh.v6n1p12","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Antibiotics are considered crucial in preventing and treating many infectious diseases. However, antibiotics use causes major side effects and consequences. Raising public awareness about proper use of antibiotics contributes to improving understanding and preventing irreversible consequences. The aim of this study was to measure the level of awareness of antibiotics use among Omani patients, and to assess the relationship between level of awareness of antibiotics use and selected demographic variables.Methods: A cross-sectional design using a questionnaire, with a convenience sample of 354 patients was employed for this study.Results: The findings of this study indicated that most of the participants (63%) reported poor levels of awareness of antibiotics use. The mean value of level of awareness was 19.3 and the standard deviation was 3. Participants ranked doctors as the most (27%) to receive education from. There were significant relationship between levels of antibiotics awareness and gender [rpb (352) = -.126, p < .05]; levels of antibiotics awareness and employment [rpb (352) = -.149, p < .01]; levels of antibiotics awareness across age groups [F (3, 350) = 2.308, p = .049]; and across levels of education [F (3, 350) = 3.268, p = .014].Conclusions: Such findings are crucial because they form the basis for establishing awareness programs about antibiotics use which should be made accessible to patients and their families.","PeriodicalId":73454,"journal":{"name":"International journal of healthcare","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77145564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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