Enam A. Alsrayheen, Khaldoun Aldiabat, Catherine Aquino-Russell
Middle Eastern immigrant women (MEIW) living in Canada have significantly increased. However, this group of women is under-represented in health research, and there is a gap in knowledge about their experiences when they access healthcare services for cancer care in Canada. This qualitative approach was conducted to uncover the meaning of the lived experiences of MEIW with healthcare services in Canada during their cancer survivorship (CS). Data were collected through unstructured interviews and one written description from three MEIW. Data were analyzed using a descriptive phenomenological approach developed by Giorgi. Four themes emerged to represent the essence (or meaning) of the participants’ lived experiences. Their healthcare was accompanied with delays and unmet needs. Yet, they found it helpful when they were provided with knowledge and information. The ability to communicate in English was equal to empowerment for each of them, while they faced cultural stigmatization of mental health issues. Thus, healthcare professionals need to identify immigrant women’s unmet support needs and psychosocial responses during their cancer survivorship. Language-specific and culturally competent cancer-care intervention programs must be developed within the Canadian healthcare system.
{"title":"Immigrant women cancer survivors’ perceptions of healthcare services in Canada: A phenomenological study","authors":"Enam A. Alsrayheen, Khaldoun Aldiabat, Catherine Aquino-Russell","doi":"10.5430/ijh.v9n1p38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/ijh.v9n1p38","url":null,"abstract":"Middle Eastern immigrant women (MEIW) living in Canada have significantly increased. However, this group of women is under-represented in health research, and there is a gap in knowledge about their experiences when they access healthcare services for cancer care in Canada. This qualitative approach was conducted to uncover the meaning of the lived experiences of MEIW with healthcare services in Canada during their cancer survivorship (CS). Data were collected through unstructured interviews and one written description from three MEIW. Data were analyzed using a descriptive phenomenological approach developed by Giorgi. Four themes emerged to represent the essence (or meaning) of the participants’ lived experiences. Their healthcare was accompanied with delays and unmet needs. Yet, they found it helpful when they were provided with knowledge and information. The ability to communicate in English was equal to empowerment for each of them, while they faced cultural stigmatization of mental health issues. Thus, healthcare professionals need to identify immigrant women’s unmet support needs and psychosocial responses during their cancer survivorship. Language-specific and culturally competent cancer-care intervention programs must be developed within the Canadian healthcare system.","PeriodicalId":73454,"journal":{"name":"International journal of healthcare","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90790931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Awatef Ali Bivarchi, Jessie Johnson, Maha Al Sulaiteen, Daniel Forgrave
Background: Several factors might impact the development of auditory, speech, and communication skills as well as academic performance in children with cochlear implants. These factors are important for these children’s transition to mainstream education. A lack of understanding among school staff about cochlear implant technology and these children’s special needs affects their school performance. Therefore, educational services need to include specialized sessions for nurses and teachers to meet the educational and special needs of these children.Aim: To explore the factors influencing the rehabilitation and education of children who have cochlear implants and highlight empirical evidence that will guide the development of educational sessions for school nurses and teachers who encounter these students.Methods: Whittemore and Knafl’s framework for integrative review guided this work. An electronic search was conducted using the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, MEDLINE, and Academic Search Complete databases. Data was extracted and organized into the individual, interpersonal and organizational, and policy and environmental levels of the Socio-Ecological Model.Results: The individual-level factors are age at implantation, abnormal inner ear morphology, presence of additional disabilities, and hours of daily device use. The interpersonal and organizational factors include lower socioeconomic status, support within the family, and lack of experts at mainstream schools. The policy and environmental level factors are a failure in implementing hearing screening programs, lack of community awareness, and lack of clear education policies within the schools.Conclusions: Children face challenges at schools due to a lack of experts who are familiar with the needs of children with cochlear implants. To realize the children’s needs and provide proper educational support by school staff, teaching and training sessions need to be.
{"title":"Factors influencing rehabilitation and education in children who have cochlear implants: An integrative review","authors":"Awatef Ali Bivarchi, Jessie Johnson, Maha Al Sulaiteen, Daniel Forgrave","doi":"10.5430/ijh.v9n1p30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/ijh.v9n1p30","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Several factors might impact the development of auditory, speech, and communication skills as well as academic performance in children with cochlear implants. These factors are important for these children’s transition to mainstream education. A lack of understanding among school staff about cochlear implant technology and these children’s special needs affects their school performance. Therefore, educational services need to include specialized sessions for nurses and teachers to meet the educational and special needs of these children.Aim: To explore the factors influencing the rehabilitation and education of children who have cochlear implants and highlight empirical evidence that will guide the development of educational sessions for school nurses and teachers who encounter these students.Methods: Whittemore and Knafl’s framework for integrative review guided this work. An electronic search was conducted using the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, MEDLINE, and Academic Search Complete databases. Data was extracted and organized into the individual, interpersonal and organizational, and policy and environmental levels of the Socio-Ecological Model.Results: The individual-level factors are age at implantation, abnormal inner ear morphology, presence of additional disabilities, and hours of daily device use. The interpersonal and organizational factors include lower socioeconomic status, support within the family, and lack of experts at mainstream schools. The policy and environmental level factors are a failure in implementing hearing screening programs, lack of community awareness, and lack of clear education policies within the schools.Conclusions: Children face challenges at schools due to a lack of experts who are familiar with the needs of children with cochlear implants. To realize the children’s needs and provide proper educational support by school staff, teaching and training sessions need to be.","PeriodicalId":73454,"journal":{"name":"International journal of healthcare","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74572027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Noha Al Aloola, Sumaiah Aljudabi, Fathy Behery, Monira Alwhaibi, Tariq Alhawassi
Introduction: There is a lack of research on the impact of the transition of pharmaceutical care service from Ministry of Health (MOH) primary healthcare centers (PHCs) to community pharmacies (Wasfaty service) in Saudi Arabia. This study explored the Saudi community’s perception toward the transition of pharmaceutical care service. Community needs and expectations from the Wasfaty service were assessed, and its experience, concerns, and limitations were evaluated.Methods: Qualitative, in-depth, semistructured interviews of Saudi community members who visited community pharmacies with electronic prescriptions from MOH PHCs were conducted. The data obtained from participants were thematically organized and analyzed using NVivo software.Results: Seven themes related to the new Wasfaty service were identified and divided into three categories: perception toward the transition in pharmaceutical care, experience with the Wasfaty service, and concerns about limitations of the Wasfaty service. The Saudi community was generally satisfied with the new Wasfaty service and highlighted its benefits compared to PHCs pharmacies. These include: easier access, time flexibility, lower crowds, better communication with pharmacists, better medication education, better medication availability, better control over dispensing, and easier refills. However, the community complained about the lack of privacy in community pharmacies, the lack of female pharmacists, and the low number of Saudi pharmacists. They also were concerned about the number and location of community pharmacies featuring the Wasfaty service, some technical issues, and the lack of labels on medications (i.e., receiving no instructions about medication storage).Conclusions: The Saudi community showed its need for the transition in pharmaceutical care services.
{"title":"Perception of the community toward the transition of pharmaceutical care services from ministry of health primary healthcare centers to community pharmacies","authors":"Noha Al Aloola, Sumaiah Aljudabi, Fathy Behery, Monira Alwhaibi, Tariq Alhawassi","doi":"10.5430/ijh.v9n1p21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/ijh.v9n1p21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: There is a lack of research on the impact of the transition of pharmaceutical care service from Ministry of Health (MOH) primary healthcare centers (PHCs) to community pharmacies (Wasfaty service) in Saudi Arabia. This study explored the Saudi community’s perception toward the transition of pharmaceutical care service. Community needs and expectations from the Wasfaty service were assessed, and its experience, concerns, and limitations were evaluated.Methods: Qualitative, in-depth, semistructured interviews of Saudi community members who visited community pharmacies with electronic prescriptions from MOH PHCs were conducted. The data obtained from participants were thematically organized and analyzed using NVivo software.Results: Seven themes related to the new Wasfaty service were identified and divided into three categories: perception toward the transition in pharmaceutical care, experience with the Wasfaty service, and concerns about limitations of the Wasfaty service. The Saudi community was generally satisfied with the new Wasfaty service and highlighted its benefits compared to PHCs pharmacies. These include: easier access, time flexibility, lower crowds, better communication with pharmacists, better medication education, better medication availability, better control over dispensing, and easier refills. However, the community complained about the lack of privacy in community pharmacies, the lack of female pharmacists, and the low number of Saudi pharmacists. They also were concerned about the number and location of community pharmacies featuring the Wasfaty service, some technical issues, and the lack of labels on medications (i.e., receiving no instructions about medication storage).Conclusions: The Saudi community showed its need for the transition in pharmaceutical care services.","PeriodicalId":73454,"journal":{"name":"International journal of healthcare","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136212293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nawal Bawazir, Jessie Johnson, Khalid Abdulhadi, Daniel Forgrave
Background: Peer victimization and/or bullying among deaf and hard of hearing adolescents and children is a public health concern. To resolve this concern without causing harm, parents, educators, and administrative staff from schools must be provided with the necessary assistance.Aim: To understand the negative effect of peer victimization and/or bullying on deaf and hard of hearing adolescents and children.Method: Whittemore and Knafl’s (2005) framework was adapted for this integrative review. The following databases were searched: Academic Search Complete, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Pub Med, and APA PsycInfo. A total of seven articles published between 2005 and 2021 met the inclusion criteria.Results: Peer victimization and/or bullying were found to result in physical health and physical harm, emotional harm, and psychological harm. These harms can severely affect physical health, especially among girls. Furthermore, these harms can negatively impact school outcomes and cause long-term psychological health problems, such as mental health problems, especially among girls.Conclusions: Educational sessions for teachers, parents, adolescents, and children, beginning with teachers, should be provided to prevent peer victimization and/or bullying within the educational system in Qatar in order to have a safe learning environment that is free of harm.
背景:聋人和重听青少年和儿童中的同伴受害和/或欺凌是一个公共卫生问题。为了在不造成伤害的情况下解决这一问题，必须向家长、教育工作者和学校的行政人员提供必要的帮助。目的:了解同伴伤害和/或欺凌对聋哑和重听青少年和儿童的负面影响。方法:Whittemore和Knafl(2005)的框架适用于本综合综述。检索了以下数据库:Academic Search Complete, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Pub Med和APA PsycInfo。2005年至2021年间发表的7篇文章符合纳入标准。结果:同伴伤害和/或欺凌被发现会导致身体健康和身体伤害、情感伤害和心理伤害。这些危害会严重影响身体健康，尤其是女孩的身体健康。此外，这些危害可能对学业成绩产生负面影响，并造成长期的心理健康问题，例如心理健康问题，特别是在女孩中。结论:应该从教师开始，为教师、家长、青少年和儿童提供教育会议，以防止卡塔尔教育系统中的同伴受害和/或欺凌行为，以便有一个安全的、没有伤害的学习环境。
{"title":"Exploring peer victimization and/or bullying in the lives of adolescents and children with deafness and hearing impairment: An integrative review","authors":"Nawal Bawazir, Jessie Johnson, Khalid Abdulhadi, Daniel Forgrave","doi":"10.5430/ijh.v9n1p1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/ijh.v9n1p1","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Peer victimization and/or bullying among deaf and hard of hearing adolescents and children is a public health concern. To resolve this concern without causing harm, parents, educators, and administrative staff from schools must be provided with the necessary assistance.Aim: To understand the negative effect of peer victimization and/or bullying on deaf and hard of hearing adolescents and children.Method: Whittemore and Knafl’s (2005) framework was adapted for this integrative review. The following databases were searched: Academic Search Complete, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Pub Med, and APA PsycInfo. A total of seven articles published between 2005 and 2021 met the inclusion criteria.Results: Peer victimization and/or bullying were found to result in physical health and physical harm, emotional harm, and psychological harm. These harms can severely affect physical health, especially among girls. Furthermore, these harms can negatively impact school outcomes and cause long-term psychological health problems, such as mental health problems, especially among girls.Conclusions: Educational sessions for teachers, parents, adolescents, and children, beginning with teachers, should be provided to prevent peer victimization and/or bullying within the educational system in Qatar in order to have a safe learning environment that is free of harm.","PeriodicalId":73454,"journal":{"name":"International journal of healthcare","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84037522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: The objective of this study is to analyse the researchers’ studies on the effectiveness of mobile Apps to encourage people to undertake physical activity (PA), to determine what strategy makes utilising the mobile Apps an effective experience in increasing PA in healthy people, and to identify the gaps in their research studies.Study design: The researcher utilised a scoping review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Scoping Review extension protocol.Methods: This scoping review was conducted to identify under what conditions the mobile Apps could lead to the increased PA of the participants through analysing the research studies on mobile App features and participants’ characteristics. Studies included those with high internal validity (randomised controlled trials) that dealt mainly with PA. The articles were selected according to specific criteria including 1) quantitative studies in English language, 2) participants from 18-70 years of age, 3) healthy participants who were recruited from community/primary healthcare centres and at high risk of cardiovascular diseases, and 4) the studies’ outcomes on the apps’ effectiveness and efficiency in increasing PA. The articles were critiqued using the Specialist Unit for Review Evidence.Results: Eight articles were finally selected and analysed. Four intervention strategies were identified from the studies – social aspect (3/8 studies), texting (3/8 studies), health sessions (3/8 studies), and feedback (5/8 studies). Results showed that some of the motivational strategies had a significant influence in improving PA.Conclusions: The long-term effect was not tested on all studies. Therefore, long-term studies need to be conducted to test the consistency of the PA. Additionally, subgroup analysis should be performed to gauge the influence of individual characteristics on increasing PA.
{"title":"Strategies that make mobile apps effective in increasing physical activity: A scoping review","authors":"Wafa Khamis Al-Majarfi","doi":"10.5430/ijh.v9n1p9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/ijh.v9n1p9","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The objective of this study is to analyse the researchers’ studies on the effectiveness of mobile Apps to encourage people to undertake physical activity (PA), to determine what strategy makes utilising the mobile Apps an effective experience in increasing PA in healthy people, and to identify the gaps in their research studies.Study design: The researcher utilised a scoping review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Scoping Review extension protocol.Methods: This scoping review was conducted to identify under what conditions the mobile Apps could lead to the increased PA of the participants through analysing the research studies on mobile App features and participants’ characteristics. Studies included those with high internal validity (randomised controlled trials) that dealt mainly with PA. The articles were selected according to specific criteria including 1) quantitative studies in English language, 2) participants from 18-70 years of age, 3) healthy participants who were recruited from community/primary healthcare centres and at high risk of cardiovascular diseases, and 4) the studies’ outcomes on the apps’ effectiveness and efficiency in increasing PA. The articles were critiqued using the Specialist Unit for Review Evidence.Results: Eight articles were finally selected and analysed. Four intervention strategies were identified from the studies – social aspect (3/8 studies), texting (3/8 studies), health sessions (3/8 studies), and feedback (5/8 studies). Results showed that some of the motivational strategies had a significant influence in improving PA.Conclusions: The long-term effect was not tested on all studies. Therefore, long-term studies need to be conducted to test the consistency of the PA. Additionally, subgroup analysis should be performed to gauge the influence of individual characteristics on increasing PA.","PeriodicalId":73454,"journal":{"name":"International journal of healthcare","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86523242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Khaled Kamaleddine, Moetaz Soubjaki, Maher H. Masri
Quality in healthcare is achievable through quality management systems and enhances service quality, operations, and management. Health organizations that realize quality implementation have high staff satisfaction, client satisfaction, employee cooperation, and commitment from managerial to subordinate levels. However, health systems must address barriers and challenges to attaining desired quality. This study explores Tripoli hospitals’ challenges and obstacles affecting the implementation of quality management systems. It used a quantitative methodology with a semi-structured questionnaire for data collection to interview respondents comprising managerial, directorial, and administrative personnel. The hospital’s management staff consisted of nursing medical quality and general directors. Results from the semi-structured interview indicated that hospital directors in Tripoli city’s healthcare systems face barriers and challenges related to human resource management and organization structure to achieving quality using quality management systems. A total of 189 participants drawn from directorial capacities in Tripoli city’s hospitals participated in the study. Most participants (I = 115) asserted that lack of staff involvement and motivation were primary barriers to hospital quality implementation. Hypotheses 1 and 3 were proved using correlation analysis, but hypothesis 2 was statistically insignificant. The findings recommended that human resource management practices such as staff motivation, fair compensation, and involvement in decision-making are necessary for quality improvement. Furthermore, managerial professionalism and specialty are crucial for spearheading quality implementation, while robust quality policies, protocols, and systems are necessary for quality implementation in Tripoli hospitals. Despite these funds, further research was necessary to align findings with previous studies (achieve generalizability), which attributed that time is the primary barrier to quality implementation in hospitals situated in the region.
{"title":"The barriers and challenges that hinder the quality implementation in Tripoli – Lebanon hospitals","authors":"Khaled Kamaleddine, Moetaz Soubjaki, Maher H. Masri","doi":"10.5430/ijh.v8n2p52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/ijh.v8n2p52","url":null,"abstract":"Quality in healthcare is achievable through quality management systems and enhances service quality, operations, and management. Health organizations that realize quality implementation have high staff satisfaction, client satisfaction, employee cooperation, and commitment from managerial to subordinate levels. However, health systems must address barriers and challenges to attaining desired quality. This study explores Tripoli hospitals’ challenges and obstacles affecting the implementation of quality management systems. It used a quantitative methodology with a semi-structured questionnaire for data collection to interview respondents comprising managerial, directorial, and administrative personnel. The hospital’s management staff consisted of nursing medical quality and general directors. Results from the semi-structured interview indicated that hospital directors in Tripoli city’s healthcare systems face barriers and challenges related to human resource management and organization structure to achieving quality using quality management systems. A total of 189 participants drawn from directorial capacities in Tripoli city’s hospitals participated in the study. Most participants (I = 115) asserted that lack of staff involvement and motivation were primary barriers to hospital quality implementation. Hypotheses 1 and 3 were proved using correlation analysis, but hypothesis 2 was statistically insignificant. The findings recommended that human resource management practices such as staff motivation, fair compensation, and involvement in decision-making are necessary for quality improvement. Furthermore, managerial professionalism and specialty are crucial for spearheading quality implementation, while robust quality policies, protocols, and systems are necessary for quality implementation in Tripoli hospitals. Despite these funds, further research was necessary to align findings with previous studies (achieve generalizability), which attributed that time is the primary barrier to quality implementation in hospitals situated in the region.","PeriodicalId":73454,"journal":{"name":"International journal of healthcare","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84322195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01Epub Date: 2022-07-01DOI: 10.5430/ijh.v8n2p9
Dafna Paltin, Jessica L Montoya, Celeste Weise, Carla Conroy, Ethan E Radatz, Kurt C Strange, David J Moore, Martha Sajatovic, Jennifer B Levin
Objective: Poor adherence to antihypertensive medication occurs in 50-80% of patients. An ongoing randomized controlled trial (RCT) is evaluating a personalized mobile-health intervention in poorly adherent hypertensive persons with bipolar disorder. To enhance efficacy, the ongoing trial elicited guidance from a Stakeholder Advisory Board (SAB) comprised of patients, family members, clinicians, and health system administrators. Our goal is to describe the formation, role, decision-making process, and key contributions of the SAB as a means of demonstrating meaningful community engagement in mental health research.
Methods: Using models and measures from the field of implementation science, eleven SAB members convened across three meetings followed by quantitative surveys that assessed SAB member satisfaction and engagement during the meeting.
Results: Significant suggestions from the SAB included 1) expanding inclusion/exclusion criteria, and 2) operationalizing remote implementation of the RCT. Primary study implementation challenges identified by the SAB were 1) participant difficulty engaging in the mHealth intervention, and 2) identification of procedures for monitoring participant adherence to the RCT protocol and contacting under-engaged participants. Quantitative surveys indicated that all SAB members believed that the objectives of the meetings were clear, perceived that they were able to participate in the discussions, and that they were heard.
Conclusions: Increasing evidence demonstrates the feasibility of engaging with SABs in clinical research and that this process improves intervention design, increases participant engagement, reduces mental health-related stigma, and produces more effective implementation strategies. We encourage future investigators to use an implementation science framework in partnership with SABs to refine their proposed interventions and improve clinical outcomes.
{"title":"Effective engagement of a stakeholder advisory board in severe mental illness (SMI) research: A case study of a clinical trial to improve adherence among people with SMI and hypertension.","authors":"Dafna Paltin, Jessica L Montoya, Celeste Weise, Carla Conroy, Ethan E Radatz, Kurt C Strange, David J Moore, Martha Sajatovic, Jennifer B Levin","doi":"10.5430/ijh.v8n2p9","DOIUrl":"10.5430/ijh.v8n2p9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Poor adherence to antihypertensive medication occurs in 50-80% of patients. An ongoing randomized controlled trial (RCT) is evaluating a personalized mobile-health intervention in poorly adherent hypertensive persons with bipolar disorder. To enhance efficacy, the ongoing trial elicited guidance from a Stakeholder Advisory Board (SAB) comprised of patients, family members, clinicians, and health system administrators. Our goal is to describe the formation, role, decision-making process, and key contributions of the SAB as a means of demonstrating meaningful community engagement in mental health research.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using models and measures from the field of implementation science, eleven SAB members convened across three meetings followed by quantitative surveys that assessed SAB member satisfaction and engagement during the meeting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant suggestions from the SAB included 1) expanding inclusion/exclusion criteria, and 2) operationalizing remote implementation of the RCT. Primary study implementation challenges identified by the SAB were 1) participant difficulty engaging in the mHealth intervention, and 2) identification of procedures for monitoring participant adherence to the RCT protocol and contacting under-engaged participants. Quantitative surveys indicated that all SAB members believed that the objectives of the meetings were clear, perceived that they were able to participate in the discussions, and that they were heard.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Increasing evidence demonstrates the feasibility of engaging with SABs in clinical research and that this process improves intervention design, increases participant engagement, reduces mental health-related stigma, and produces more effective implementation strategies. We encourage future investigators to use an implementation science framework in partnership with SABs to refine their proposed interventions and improve clinical outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":73454,"journal":{"name":"International journal of healthcare","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9894380/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10845717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wanda Emberley Burke, Valda Duke, R. Meadus, Andrea Barron
Objective: To examine coaches’ knowledge, recognition of, and response to, concussion in the adolescent athlete population.Methods: Using a non-experimental correlational design, adult coaches (N = 120) responsible in the coaching of adolescent junior high and high school athletes were recruited from sports associations and schools in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador (NL). A 28 item questionnaire called Coaches’ Knowledge of Sports Related Concussive Injury in the Adolescent Athlete Survey was provided online.Results: Majority of participants were knowledgeable of what is a concussion, its causes, and what visual clues observed that indicate a possible concussion in a player. In relation to the Age of coach category, only the 55+ age group responded correctly to what is an example of sport specific activity with body contact. Years of coaching and return-to-play knowledge after a concussion showed incorrect responses for both the step wise approach and the 20-30 minute player participation with no contact. Having attended an education concussion session or not showed no difference on return-to-play knowledge in the step wise approach progression as the majority responded incorrectly with 71.4% (attended an education session) versus 91.7% of participants (no attendance on concussion education), respectively.Conclusions: Benefits gained through this research study will serve to evaluate coaches’ knowledge and improve standardized concussion knowledge. Such preparation can assist in better recognizing and effectively managing a sports related concussion (SRC) and the potential to facilitate sport policy changes. Actions by coaches can impact preventative education, encourage safe behaviors and the reporting of concussive symptoms by the adolescent, therefore reducing burden on overall long term negative health outcomes.
{"title":"What is the knowledge of Newfoundland and Labrador Coaches’ regarding recognition of and response towards sports related concussive injury in the adolescent?","authors":"Wanda Emberley Burke, Valda Duke, R. Meadus, Andrea Barron","doi":"10.5430/ijh.v8n2p28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/ijh.v8n2p28","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To examine coaches’ knowledge, recognition of, and response to, concussion in the adolescent athlete population.Methods: Using a non-experimental correlational design, adult coaches (N = 120) responsible in the coaching of adolescent junior high and high school athletes were recruited from sports associations and schools in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador (NL). A 28 item questionnaire called Coaches’ Knowledge of Sports Related Concussive Injury in the Adolescent Athlete Survey was provided online.Results: Majority of participants were knowledgeable of what is a concussion, its causes, and what visual clues observed that indicate a possible concussion in a player. In relation to the Age of coach category, only the 55+ age group responded correctly to what is an example of sport specific activity with body contact. Years of coaching and return-to-play knowledge after a concussion showed incorrect responses for both the step wise approach and the 20-30 minute player participation with no contact. Having attended an education concussion session or not showed no difference on return-to-play knowledge in the step wise approach progression as the majority responded incorrectly with 71.4% (attended an education session) versus 91.7% of participants (no attendance on concussion education), respectively.Conclusions: Benefits gained through this research study will serve to evaluate coaches’ knowledge and improve standardized concussion knowledge. Such preparation can assist in better recognizing and effectively managing a sports related concussion (SRC) and the potential to facilitate sport policy changes. Actions by coaches can impact preventative education, encourage safe behaviors and the reporting of concussive symptoms by the adolescent, therefore reducing burden on overall long term negative health outcomes.","PeriodicalId":73454,"journal":{"name":"International journal of healthcare","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88389266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Growing research recognizes the importance of evaluating life satisfaction in promoting psychological well-being (PWB) among middle-aged and older adults due to its heightened importance for public health relevance. The current study assessed the relationship between life satisfaction and living arrangement among U.S. adults aged 50 years or older and whether this relationship varies by gender. We used the Health and Retirement Study data from 2010-2014 (7,163 respondents), a nationally representative cohort of U.S. adults aged 50 years or older. The outcome variable was the measure of satisfaction with life on a continuous scale (1-7). The categorical independent variable was individuals’ living arrangements status (living with a spouse/partners (reference category), living alone, living with others; measured in the 2012 wave. We conducted a Generalized linear model in our regression analysis. Controlling for demographic, socioeconomic, and health-related factors, individuals who lived alone or lived with others had significantly lower life satisfaction (β = -0.21, 95% CI [-0.31, -0.11]) and (β = -0.23, 95% CI [-0.38, 0.08]) respectively, compared to those who lived with a spouse/partner. These findings suggest public health policies and programs may need to find ways to increase supportive resources for people living alone or living with others to promote life satisfaction, which is a protective factor for good health.
{"title":"Life satisfaction among individuals 50 years or older: Why living arrangements matter?","authors":"Rashmita Basu, Huabin Luo, Adrienne C. Steiner","doi":"10.5430/ijh.v8n2p19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/ijh.v8n2p19","url":null,"abstract":"Growing research recognizes the importance of evaluating life satisfaction in promoting psychological well-being (PWB) among middle-aged and older adults due to its heightened importance for public health relevance. The current study assessed the relationship between life satisfaction and living arrangement among U.S. adults aged 50 years or older and whether this relationship varies by gender. We used the Health and Retirement Study data from 2010-2014 (7,163 respondents), a nationally representative cohort of U.S. adults aged 50 years or older. The outcome variable was the measure of satisfaction with life on a continuous scale (1-7). The categorical independent variable was individuals’ living arrangements status (living with a spouse/partners (reference category), living alone, living with others; measured in the 2012 wave. We conducted a Generalized linear model in our regression analysis. Controlling for demographic, socioeconomic, and health-related factors, individuals who lived alone or lived with others had significantly lower life satisfaction (β = -0.21, 95% CI [-0.31, -0.11]) and (β = -0.23, 95% CI [-0.38, 0.08]) respectively, compared to those who lived with a spouse/partner. These findings suggest public health policies and programs may need to find ways to increase supportive resources for people living alone or living with others to promote life satisfaction, which is a protective factor for good health.","PeriodicalId":73454,"journal":{"name":"International journal of healthcare","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76901369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eyob Zere Asbu, Aziza Musabah Al Memari, Marwan Al Naboulsi, Mohamed Abdulla Al Haj
Background: Inefficiency is widespread in health systems all over the world. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 20%-40% of the global health spending is wasted. In African countries, inefficiency of this magnitude will seriously hamper progress towards achieving universal health coverage and other health system goals. It is thus, significant to assess the efficiency of health systems over time in order to set the ground for identifying the contextual factors leading to inefficiency and design appropriate efficiency-enhancing measures.Methods: Using panel data for the years 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2015, the study employs a time-variant stochastic frontier production function to assess efficiency. The input measure used is current expenditure per capita in purchasing power parity (Int$) terms and the measure of output is health-adjusted life expectancy (HALE). Moreover, mean years of schooling, GDP per capita in Int$, and out-of-pocket payment as a share of current expenditure on health were used as technical inefficiency effect variables. Data were analyzed using Frontier Version 4.1.Results: The mean technical efficiency scores were 79.3% in 2000, 81% in 2005, 85.6% in 2010 and 88.3% in 2015. Over the four periods of time, Cabo Verde registered the highest technical efficiency scores, while Eswatini and Sierra Leone had the lowest. The minimum technical efficiency scores were 58.7% (in 2000), 59.1% (2005), 67.4% (2010) and 71.8% (2015). These indicate that despite improvements, there is a significant degree of technical inefficiency. Most of the countries among those in the bottom 10% efficiency scores are countries in Southern Africa, which in 2015 had a very high prevalence of HIV among adults, compared to the top 10%, which had prevalence rates of less than 0.1%.The mean efficiency score increased progressively over time – a nine percentage point increase between 2000 and 2015. The elasticity of current health expenditure was positive (0.06) and statistically significant. All the technical inefficiency variables had no statistically significant effect.Conclusions: Over the period of time covered in this study, there was some improvement in the average technical efficiency scores. However, there was also marked inefficiency in many countries, which is likely to hamper their progress towards universal health coverage and other health system goals. In a context where health spending is too low to provide needed services, it is imperative to address the causes of technical inefficiency and produce more health for the money. Furthermore, low-performing health systems should learn from their relatively high-performing peers.
背景:低效率在世界各地的卫生系统中普遍存在。世界卫生组织(WHO)估计，全球卫生支出的20%-40%被浪费了。在非洲国家，这种严重的低效率将严重阻碍在实现全民健康覆盖和其他卫生系统目标方面取得进展。因此，随着时间的推移评估卫生系统的效率非常重要，以便为确定导致效率低下的背景因素和设计适当的提高效率措施奠定基础。方法:利用2000年、2005年、2010年和2015年的面板数据，采用时变随机前沿生产函数进行效率评价。所使用的投入计量是按购买力平价计算的人均经常支出，产出计量是经健康调整后的预期寿命。此外，平均受教育年数、以国际美元计算的人均国内生产总值和自付费用占经常保健支出的比例被用作技术效率低下的影响变量。使用Frontier Version 4.1对数据进行分析。结果:2000年平均技术效率得分为79.3%，2005年为81%，2010年为85.6%，2015年为88.3%。在四个时期内，佛得角的技术效率得分最高，而斯威士兰和塞拉利昂的技术效率得分最低。最低技术效率得分分别为58.7%(2000年)、59.1%(2005年)、67.4%(2010年)和71.8%(2015年)。这些表明，尽管有所改进，但技术效率低下的程度很大。在效率得分最低的10%的国家中，大多数是南部非洲国家。2015年，这些国家的成年人艾滋病毒感染率非常高，而排名前10%的国家的感染率不到0.1%。随着时间的推移，平均效率得分逐渐增加——在2000年至2015年期间增加了9个百分点。当前卫生支出弹性为正(0.06)，具有统计学意义。各技术无效率变量均无显著影响。结论:在本研究涵盖的时间段内，平均技术效率得分有所提高。然而，许多国家也存在明显的低效率，这可能会阻碍它们在实现全民健康覆盖和其他卫生系统目标方面取得进展。在卫生支出过低，无法提供所需服务的情况下，必须解决技术效率低下的原因，用这些钱创造更多的卫生服务。此外，表现较差的卫生系统应向表现相对较好的同行学习。
{"title":"Technical efficiency of health production in Africa: A stochastic frontier analysis","authors":"Eyob Zere Asbu, Aziza Musabah Al Memari, Marwan Al Naboulsi, Mohamed Abdulla Al Haj","doi":"10.5430/ijh.v8n2p1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/ijh.v8n2p1","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Inefficiency is widespread in health systems all over the world. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 20%-40% of the global health spending is wasted. In African countries, inefficiency of this magnitude will seriously hamper progress towards achieving universal health coverage and other health system goals. It is thus, significant to assess the efficiency of health systems over time in order to set the ground for identifying the contextual factors leading to inefficiency and design appropriate efficiency-enhancing measures.Methods: Using panel data for the years 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2015, the study employs a time-variant stochastic frontier production function to assess efficiency. The input measure used is current expenditure per capita in purchasing power parity (Int$) terms and the measure of output is health-adjusted life expectancy (HALE). Moreover, mean years of schooling, GDP per capita in Int$, and out-of-pocket payment as a share of current expenditure on health were used as technical inefficiency effect variables. Data were analyzed using Frontier Version 4.1.Results: The mean technical efficiency scores were 79.3% in 2000, 81% in 2005, 85.6% in 2010 and 88.3% in 2015. Over the four periods of time, Cabo Verde registered the highest technical efficiency scores, while Eswatini and Sierra Leone had the lowest. The minimum technical efficiency scores were 58.7% (in 2000), 59.1% (2005), 67.4% (2010) and 71.8% (2015). These indicate that despite improvements, there is a significant degree of technical inefficiency. Most of the countries among those in the bottom 10% efficiency scores are countries in Southern Africa, which in 2015 had a very high prevalence of HIV among adults, compared to the top 10%, which had prevalence rates of less than 0.1%.The mean efficiency score increased progressively over time – a nine percentage point increase between 2000 and 2015. The elasticity of current health expenditure was positive (0.06) and statistically significant. All the technical inefficiency variables had no statistically significant effect.Conclusions: Over the period of time covered in this study, there was some improvement in the average technical efficiency scores. However, there was also marked inefficiency in many countries, which is likely to hamper their progress towards universal health coverage and other health system goals. In a context where health spending is too low to provide needed services, it is imperative to address the causes of technical inefficiency and produce more health for the money. Furthermore, low-performing health systems should learn from their relatively high-performing peers.","PeriodicalId":73454,"journal":{"name":"International journal of healthcare","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83420970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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