Journal of activity, sedentary and sleep behaviors最新文献

Background: Daily time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), light-intensity physical activity (LIPA), sedentary behaviour (SB) and sleep (collectively known as 'movement behaviours') are compositional, co-dependent variables. However, most studies examining effects of these behaviours on depression outcomes in older adults do not account for this. Study objectives were to use compositional data analysis methods to (1) examine the relationship between movement behaviour composition (daily time spent in MVPA, LIPA, SB, sleep) and depression symptoms, (2) estimate the extent to which changing time spent in any given movement behaviour within the movement behaviour composition was associated with changes in depression symptoms.

Methods: 5643 older Canadian adults ≥ 65 years of age from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging were studied using a quasi-longitudinal study design. Exposure was baseline daily movement behaviours; time spent in MVPA, LIPA and SB were derived from self-reported Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly responses. Night-time sleep was self-reported separately. Outcome was depression symptoms at follow-up obtained using the ten item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Compositional data analysis was used to investigate associations between movement behaviours and depression symptoms.

Results: Movement behaviour composition was significantly associated with depression symptoms. Time spent in MVPA [exp(B) = 0.97 (95% CI: 0.94, 0.99)] and sleep [exp(B) = 0.91 (95% CI: 0.85, 0.97)] relative to the remaining movement behaviours were associated with lower depression symptoms scores. Relative time spent in SB was associated with higher depression symptoms scores [exp(B) = 1.09 (95% CI: 1.04, 1.15)]. Time displacement estimates revealed that the greatest change in depression symptoms scores occurred when time spent in MVPA was decreased and replaced with LIPA, SB, sleep or combination of these behaviours (+ 0.22 to 0.26 points increase on depression symptoms scores for 30 min/day displacements).

Conclusions: Daily movement behaviour composition was associated with depression symptoms in older Canadians. Replacing time in MVPA with equivalent time from any other behaviour was associated with increased depression symptoms. Preserving time spent in MVPA may play a key role in mitigating and improving mental health in this demographic.

Background: Insomnia is a serious health problem among older adults and, if untreated, is linked to a high morbidity rate and decreased quality of life. There is limited empirical evidence on Insomnia and its treatment-seeking exclusively among older adults (60 plus years) using representative data in India. This study assesses the prevalence and predictors of Insomnia and its treatment-seeking among older adults.

Methods: Data gathered through the nationally-representative Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI); Wave 1 (2017-18) was used for the analysis. Specifically, information from older adults aged 60 and above for whom complete information on insomnia was available (n- 31,464) was considered for the analysis. Binary logistic regression was used to check the adjusted effects of insomnia's socio-demographic and economic predictors and its treatment-seeking status. Stata was used for the data analysis with a 5% significance level.

Results: 37% of older adults had insomnia. Increasing age, female gender, living without a spouse, illiteracy, chronic health conditions, nutritionally underweight, physically inactive status, lack of exposure to mass media, Hindu religion, non-tribal status, and rural residence were significantly associated with insomnia. 3% of older adults sought treatment for insomnia. Not seeking treatment for insomnia was associated with male gender, exposure to mass media, physical activity, lack of chronic health issues, tribal status, living in a rural area, and being economically disadvantaged.

Conclusions: A sizable number of older adults have insomnia, and the prevalence varies by their socioeconomic, demographic, and health status. Many modifiable risk factors like low education, chronic health conditions, smoking, being underweight, physical inactivity, and lack of exposure to mass media are identified. Treatment-seeking for Insomnia is further inadequate, enhancing the older adult's vulnerability to various morbidities. Policy and program intervention to raise awareness about insomnia, including early identification and pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment, will ensure better health and welfare of older adults. Estimations are based on self-report questionnaires; therefore, the possibility of recall bias and under-reporting cannot be ignored. Moreover, the estimation of insomnia may vary depending on various clinical definitions. However, a large sample size from a recent nationally representative survey with a robust sampling design is the strength of this study.