INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to investigate associations between cumulative biological risk and subclinical atherosclerosis in South Asian immigrants. METHODS Data from the Mediators of Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America (MASALA) study, including 858 participants at baseline (mean age = 56 [standard deviation = 9] years, 46% women). A cumulative biological risk score was derived using nine biomarkers across cardiovascular, immune, and metabolic systems with a possible score range of 0-9. Common and internal carotid artery intima media thickness (CIMT) and coronary artery calcium (CAC) were used as indicators of subclinical atherosclerosis. RESULTS Higher cumulative biological risk score was significantly associated with higher common and internal CIMT and higher odds of CAC at baseline. The odds of new CAC after 5 years of follow-up were 31% higher per 1-point increase in cumulative biological risk score, and the higher cumulative biological risk score was also associated with CAC progression. CONCLUSIONS Among South Asian immigrants, cumulative biological risk was directly associated with subclinical atherosclerosis and its progression.
{"title":"Associations between Cumulative Biological Risk and Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Middle- and Older-Aged South Asian Immigrants in the United States.","authors":"S. Talegawkar, Yichen Jin, N. Kandula, A. Kanaya","doi":"10.59448/jah.v1i1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59448/jah.v1i1.2","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION\u0000The aim of this study was to investigate associations between cumulative biological risk and subclinical atherosclerosis in South Asian immigrants.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000Data from the Mediators of Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America (MASALA) study, including 858 participants at baseline (mean age = 56 [standard deviation = 9] years, 46% women). A cumulative biological risk score was derived using nine biomarkers across cardiovascular, immune, and metabolic systems with a possible score range of 0-9. Common and internal carotid artery intima media thickness (CIMT) and coronary artery calcium (CAC) were used as indicators of subclinical atherosclerosis.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Higher cumulative biological risk score was significantly associated with higher common and internal CIMT and higher odds of CAC at baseline. The odds of new CAC after 5 years of follow-up were 31% higher per 1-point increase in cumulative biological risk score, and the higher cumulative biological risk score was also associated with CAC progression.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000Among South Asian immigrants, cumulative biological risk was directly associated with subclinical atherosclerosis and its progression.","PeriodicalId":73612,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian health","volume":"1 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45906864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gastric cancer has become a severe health disparity amongst East Asian populations residing in the US. While high-risk communities and clear risk factors have been identified, little has been done to improve the gastric cancer rates for East Asian Americans. This op-ed and commentary by Dr. Joo Ha Hwang, Chair of the Asian American Stomach Cancer Disparity Task Force, tells the story of the reality of gastric cancer for high-risk populations and illustrates the dire need for national guidelines to advance early gastric cancer detection practices in the US.
癌症已经成为居住在美国的东亚人群中严重的健康差距。虽然已经确定了高风险社区和明确的风险因素，但几乎没有采取任何措施来提高东亚美国人的癌症发病率。这篇由亚裔美国人癌症差异工作组主席Joo Ha Hwang博士撰写的评论文章告诉高危人群患癌症的现实，并说明了迫切需要国家指导方针来推进美国癌症早期检测实践。
{"title":"Why We Need Preventative Cancer Screening Processes for High-Risk Populations","authors":"Jennifer Soh, J. Hwang","doi":"10.59448/jah.v1i1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59448/jah.v1i1.6","url":null,"abstract":"Gastric cancer has become a severe health disparity amongst East Asian populations residing in the US. While high-risk communities and clear risk factors have been identified, little has been done to improve the gastric cancer rates for East Asian Americans. This op-ed and commentary by Dr. Joo Ha Hwang, Chair of the Asian American Stomach Cancer Disparity Task Force, tells the story of the reality of gastric cancer for high-risk populations and illustrates the dire need for national guidelines to advance early gastric cancer detection practices in the US. ","PeriodicalId":73612,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44186359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01Epub Date: 2021-07-14DOI: 10.59448/jah.v1i1.3
Jed Keenan Obra, Bryant Lin, Lan N Đoàn, Latha Palaniappan, Malathi Srinivasan
Equity is a fundamental goal of the US health care system. Asians comprise 6% of the US population, and 60% of the world's population. Less than 1% of National Institutes of Health funding is directed toward Asian health. Asian health outcomes are often worse than non-Hispanic Whites (NHWS) in America. Increasing federal and foundation resources and funding toward Asian health research could illuminate these risks and develop precision interventions to reduce known health disparities. When disaggregated by race/ethnicity, Asian health risks are even more apparent. Here, we discuss critical health outcome differences between the six major Asian American subgroups (Asian Indian, Chinese, Filipino, Japanese, Korean, and Vietnamese) comprising 80% of the US Asian population, highlighting demographic, pharmacologic, disease prevalence, and mortality outcomes. We then outline seven critical issues contributing to Asian American health disparities, including aggregated Asian health data, undersampling, invalid extrapolations, underrepresentation in clinical trials, lack of funding and awareness of disparities, and the model minority myth. Building on the successes of national public health initiatives, we propose nine leverage points to improve Asian American health including the following: obtaining disaggregated Asian health data, improved Asian health research (oversampling Asians, improving clinical trial participation, and increasing research funding), stakeholder collaboration (national and with Asian nations), community engagement, providing culturally precise health care, and expansion of the Asian American research ecosystem. Achieving health equity takes deliberate practice and does not occur by accident. By addressing critical issues that perpetuate Asian health disparities, we grow closer to understanding how to effectively improve Asian health and build a nationally unified mindset toward action that emphasizes equitable care for all.
{"title":"Achieving Equity in Asian American Healthcare: Critical Issues and Solutions.","authors":"Jed Keenan Obra, Bryant Lin, Lan N Đoàn, Latha Palaniappan, Malathi Srinivasan","doi":"10.59448/jah.v1i1.3","DOIUrl":"10.59448/jah.v1i1.3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Equity is a fundamental goal of the US health care system. Asians comprise 6% of the US population, and 60% of the world's population. Less than 1% of National Institutes of Health funding is directed toward Asian health. Asian health outcomes are often worse than non-Hispanic Whites (NHWS) in America. Increasing federal and foundation resources and funding toward Asian health research could illuminate these risks and develop precision interventions to reduce known health disparities. When disaggregated by race/ethnicity, Asian health risks are even more apparent. Here, we discuss critical health outcome differences between the six major Asian American subgroups (Asian Indian, Chinese, Filipino, Japanese, Korean, and Vietnamese) comprising 80% of the US Asian population, highlighting demographic, pharmacologic, disease prevalence, and mortality outcomes. We then outline seven critical issues contributing to Asian American health disparities, including aggregated Asian health data, undersampling, invalid extrapolations, underrepresentation in clinical trials, lack of funding and awareness of disparities, and the model minority myth. Building on the successes of national public health initiatives, we propose nine leverage points to improve Asian American health including the following: obtaining disaggregated Asian health data, improved Asian health research (oversampling Asians, improving clinical trial participation, and increasing research funding), stakeholder collaboration (national and with Asian nations), community engagement, providing culturally precise health care, and expansion of the Asian American research ecosystem. Achieving health equity takes deliberate practice and does not occur by accident. By addressing critical issues that perpetuate Asian health disparities, we grow closer to understanding how to effectively improve Asian health and build a nationally unified mindset toward action that emphasizes equitable care for all.</p>","PeriodicalId":73612,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10593109/pdf/nihms-1933065.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45851797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-18DOI: 10.1101/2020.09.15.20194720
Sierra K. Ha, A. Nguyen, Chloe Sales, Rachel S. Chang, Hillary Ta, M. Srinivasan, Sukyung Chung, L. Palaniappan, Bryant Lin
Objectives. To investigate self-reported discrimination and concern for physical assault due to the COVID-19 pandemic among disaggregated Asian subgroups in the US. Methods. We conducted a nationwide survey to assess self-reported discrimination and concern for physical assault due to COVID-19 across racial/ethnic groups, including diverse subgroups of Asians. Results. Chinese respondents experienced the largest change (15% increase) in proportion of respondents reporting discrimination from 2019 to 2020 (P<.01). Chinese, Korean, Japanese, Vietnamese, and Other API showed up to 3.9 times increased odds of self-reported racial/ethnic discrimination due to COVID-19 and, with the addition of Filipino, experienced up to 5.4 times increased odds of concern for physical assault due to COVID-19 compared to Whites. Conclusions. Our study is the first to examine self-reported discrimination and concern for physical assault due to COVID-19 in subgroups of Asian Americans, finding that East (Chinese, Korean, Japanese) and Southeast (Vietnamese, Filipino) Asian Americans have been disproportionately affected. Future studies should disaggregate Asian subgroups to fully understand experiences of discrimination in diverse populations in the US.
{"title":"Increased Self-Reported Discrimination and Concern for Physical Assault Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic in Chinese, Vietnamese, Korean, Japanese, and Filipino Americans","authors":"Sierra K. Ha, A. Nguyen, Chloe Sales, Rachel S. Chang, Hillary Ta, M. Srinivasan, Sukyung Chung, L. Palaniappan, Bryant Lin","doi":"10.1101/2020.09.15.20194720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.15.20194720","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives. To investigate self-reported discrimination and concern for physical assault due to the COVID-19 pandemic among disaggregated Asian subgroups in the US. Methods. We conducted a nationwide survey to assess self-reported discrimination and concern for physical assault due to COVID-19 across racial/ethnic groups, including diverse subgroups of Asians. Results. Chinese respondents experienced the largest change (15% increase) in proportion of respondents reporting discrimination from 2019 to 2020 (P<.01). Chinese, Korean, Japanese, Vietnamese, and Other API showed up to 3.9 times increased odds of self-reported racial/ethnic discrimination due to COVID-19 and, with the addition of Filipino, experienced up to 5.4 times increased odds of concern for physical assault due to COVID-19 compared to Whites. Conclusions. Our study is the first to examine self-reported discrimination and concern for physical assault due to COVID-19 in subgroups of Asian Americans, finding that East (Chinese, Korean, Japanese) and Southeast (Vietnamese, Filipino) Asian Americans have been disproportionately affected. Future studies should disaggregate Asian subgroups to fully understand experiences of discrimination in diverse populations in the US.","PeriodicalId":73612,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45950835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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