Filippin Dm, Nuvola G, Nannini M, S. M, Cammelli S, De Paolis M, Perrone Am, De Iaco P, De Leo A, A. A., Pan Ma
Uterine leiomyosarcoma (U-LMS) is the most common histotype among all primary uterine sarcomas. The lung, peritoneum, pelvic or para-aortic lymph nodes, bone and liver are the most common metastatic sites involved. However, some case series of atypical sites of metastasis such as heart, brain and different endocrine glands have J Cancer Sci Clin Ther 2021; 5 (4): 459-467 DOI: 10.26502/jcsct.5079131 Journal of Cancer Science and Clinical Therapeutics 460 been described. Here we report the clinical presentation and therapeutic management of two patients affected by ULMS with a very atypical behavior, characterized by soft tissue metastases with an impressive and massive enlargement during chemotherapy despite a good control of the other sites of disease.
{"title":"Development and Management of Massive Subcutaneous Metastases with Unusual Clinical Course from Uterine Leiomyosarcoma","authors":"Filippin Dm, Nuvola G, Nannini M, S. M, Cammelli S, De Paolis M, Perrone Am, De Iaco P, De Leo A, A. A., Pan Ma","doi":"10.26502/jcsct.5079131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jcsct.5079131","url":null,"abstract":"Uterine leiomyosarcoma (U-LMS) is the most common histotype among all primary uterine sarcomas. The lung, peritoneum, pelvic or para-aortic lymph nodes, bone and liver are the most common metastatic sites involved. However, some case series of atypical sites of metastasis such as heart, brain and different endocrine glands have J Cancer Sci Clin Ther 2021; 5 (4): 459-467 DOI: 10.26502/jcsct.5079131 Journal of Cancer Science and Clinical Therapeutics 460 been described. Here we report the clinical presentation and therapeutic management of two patients affected by ULMS with a very atypical behavior, characterized by soft tissue metastases with an impressive and massive enlargement during chemotherapy despite a good control of the other sites of disease.","PeriodicalId":73634,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer science and clinical therapeutics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69348090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Recent remarkable technological advances in radiation therapy made the way for stereotactic body RT (SBRT), which can be used for oligometastatic tumors anywhere in the body. Oligometastases from gynecological malignancies have been considered as one of the most promising candidate for SBRT. It is suggested that SBRT was associated with high rates of local control, impressive survival, and minimal toxicity in ovarian cancer. It is also suggested that SBRT serves to destroy chemoresistant tumor clones, and help stimulate innate immune response or expose tumor neoantigens, and can be used in women who have had prior radiotherapy. Among the ovarian cancers, clear cell cancer might be a good candidate for radiation therapy because it is less sensitive to standard platinum-based chemotherapy. A patient was reported who had recurrent ovarian clear cell cancer and had been free from disease more than ten years after the discontinuation of proton beam therapy. Proton beam therapy provides superior dose distributions and a dosimetric advantages over photon beam therapy. Therefore, radiation therapy is considered to be an effective and safe option for oligometastatic ovarian cancer patients. Proton beam therapy is a good potential option for chemotherapy-resistant, localized, recurrent ovarian cancer including clear cell cancer. J Cancer Sci Clin Ther 2022; 6 (1): 25-30 DOI: 10.26502/jcsct.5079143 Journal of Cancer Science and Clinical Therapeutics 26
{"title":"The Role of Radiation Therapy in Recurrent Ovarian Cancer","authors":"Yuichiro Hotta, Tamina Kino, H. Shigeta","doi":"10.26502/jcsct.5079143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jcsct.5079143","url":null,"abstract":"Recent remarkable technological advances in radiation therapy made the way for stereotactic body RT (SBRT), which can be used for oligometastatic tumors anywhere in the body. Oligometastases from gynecological malignancies have been considered as one of the most promising candidate for SBRT. It is suggested that SBRT was associated with high rates of local control, impressive survival, and minimal toxicity in ovarian cancer. It is also suggested that SBRT serves to destroy chemoresistant tumor clones, and help stimulate innate immune response or expose tumor neoantigens, and can be used in women who have had prior radiotherapy. Among the ovarian cancers, clear cell cancer might be a good candidate for radiation therapy because it is less sensitive to standard platinum-based chemotherapy. A patient was reported who had recurrent ovarian clear cell cancer and had been free from disease more than ten years after the discontinuation of proton beam therapy. Proton beam therapy provides superior dose distributions and a dosimetric advantages over photon beam therapy. Therefore, radiation therapy is considered to be an effective and safe option for oligometastatic ovarian cancer patients. Proton beam therapy is a good potential option for chemotherapy-resistant, localized, recurrent ovarian cancer including clear cell cancer. J Cancer Sci Clin Ther 2022; 6 (1): 25-30 DOI: 10.26502/jcsct.5079143 Journal of Cancer Science and Clinical Therapeutics 26","PeriodicalId":73634,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer science and clinical therapeutics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69348225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01Epub Date: 2021-10-15DOI: 10.26502/jcsct.5079129
Jayoung Kim, Austin Yeon, Woong-Ki Kim, Khae-Hawn Kim, Takbum Ohn
Stress granules (SGs) are cytoplasmic aggregates to reprogram gene expression in response to cellular stimulus. Here, we show that while SGs are being assembled in response to clotrimazole, an antifungal medication heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) K, an RNA-binding protein that mediates translational silencing of mRNAs, is rapidly accumulated in SGs in U-2OS osteosarcoma cells. Forced expression of hnRNP K induces resistance to clotrimazole-induced apoptosis. Erk/MAPK is transiently activated in response to clotrimazole, and pharmacological suppression of the Erk/MAPK pathway sensitizes the cells to apoptosis. Inhibition of the Erk/MAPK pathway promotes the assembly of SGs. These results suggest that dynamic cytoplasmic formation of SGs and hnRNP K relocation to SGs may be defensive mechanisms against clotrimazole-induced apoptosis in U-2OS osteosarcoma cells.
{"title":"Stress-Induced Accumulation of HnRNP K into Stress Granules.","authors":"Jayoung Kim, Austin Yeon, Woong-Ki Kim, Khae-Hawn Kim, Takbum Ohn","doi":"10.26502/jcsct.5079129","DOIUrl":"10.26502/jcsct.5079129","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Stress granules (SGs) are cytoplasmic aggregates to reprogram gene expression in response to cellular stimulus. Here, we show that while SGs are being assembled in response to clotrimazole, an antifungal medication heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) K, an RNA-binding protein that mediates translational silencing of mRNAs, is rapidly accumulated in SGs in U-2OS osteosarcoma cells. Forced expression of hnRNP K induces resistance to clotrimazole-induced apoptosis. Erk/MAPK is transiently activated in response to clotrimazole, and pharmacological suppression of the Erk/MAPK pathway sensitizes the cells to apoptosis. Inhibition of the Erk/MAPK pathway promotes the assembly of SGs. These results suggest that dynamic cytoplasmic formation of SGs and hnRNP K relocation to SGs may be defensive mechanisms against clotrimazole-induced apoptosis in U-2OS osteosarcoma cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":73634,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer science and clinical therapeutics","volume":"5 1","pages":"434-447"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8955021/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49149480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-16DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-127929/v1
T. Lizée, V. Seegers, J. Blanchecotte, E. Rio, O. Capitain, V. Guérin-Meyer, F. Legouté, D. Autret, M. Mahé, A. Paumier
BackgroundIn unresectable metastatic rectal cancers, the surgery of the primitive tumor remains highly debated. Chemoradiotherapy (CRT) of the primitive could allow sufficient local control in order to avoid major and sometimes mutilating surgery. Dose escalation during CRT could increase this local control. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and tolerance of a CRT with radiation dose escalation delivered in intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) with simultaneous integrated boost (SIB), in metastatic low and middle rectal cancers.MethodsThis multicenter phase I study included six patients treated for unresectable synchronous metastatic low and middle rectal adenocarcinoma in two dose levels. Radiotherapy was delivered using IMRT with SIB. The dose escalation was 52.5 Gy (level 1) and 56.25 Gy (level 2) in the primary tumor, in 25 fractions of 2.1 Gy and 2.25 Gy, respectively. High-risk clinical target volume (CTV) and low-risk CTV received respectively 50 Gy and 45 Gy in 25 fractions in the two levels. Concomitant chemotherapy was oral capecitabine and CRT was performed after four cycles of mFOLOX6 chemotherapy. The dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) was defined by a toxicity requiring the interruption of radiotherapy for more than five consecutive fractions.ResultsAll six patients received the full course of treatment at scheduled doses. No patients had acute toxicity requiring interruption of radiotherapy therefore no DLT has been reported. No patients had acute toxicity ≥ 3. Concerning late toxicity, three patients experienced grade 3. After CRT, four patients had a partial response and one patient had a complete clinical response. Two patients were considered in local progression at 9.4 months and 20.4 months of inclusion.ConclusionsDose escalation at 56.25 Gy in the tumor lesion was possible with good acute tolerance. It needs to be evaluated in a larger study. It could allow sufficient local control in order to avoid mutilating surgery in these metastatic patients.Trial registrationNCT03634202. Registered 16 August 2018 – retrospectively registered, https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03634202
{"title":"A Phase I dose escalation trial using Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy with simultaneous integrated boost in Pelvic Chemoradiotherapy for Metastatic Rectal Cancer","authors":"T. Lizée, V. Seegers, J. Blanchecotte, E. Rio, O. Capitain, V. Guérin-Meyer, F. Legouté, D. Autret, M. Mahé, A. Paumier","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-127929/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-127929/v1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 BackgroundIn unresectable metastatic rectal cancers, the surgery of the primitive tumor remains highly debated. Chemoradiotherapy (CRT) of the primitive could allow sufficient local control in order to avoid major and sometimes mutilating surgery. Dose escalation during CRT could increase this local control. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and tolerance of a CRT with radiation dose escalation delivered in intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) with simultaneous integrated boost (SIB), in metastatic low and middle rectal cancers.MethodsThis multicenter phase I study included six patients treated for unresectable synchronous metastatic low and middle rectal adenocarcinoma in two dose levels. Radiotherapy was delivered using IMRT with SIB. The dose escalation was 52.5 Gy (level 1) and 56.25 Gy (level 2) in the primary tumor, in 25 fractions of 2.1 Gy and 2.25 Gy, respectively. High-risk clinical target volume (CTV) and low-risk CTV received respectively 50 Gy and 45 Gy in 25 fractions in the two levels. Concomitant chemotherapy was oral capecitabine and CRT was performed after four cycles of mFOLOX6 chemotherapy. The dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) was defined by a toxicity requiring the interruption of radiotherapy for more than five consecutive fractions.ResultsAll six patients received the full course of treatment at scheduled doses. No patients had acute toxicity requiring interruption of radiotherapy therefore no DLT has been reported. No patients had acute toxicity ≥ 3. Concerning late toxicity, three patients experienced grade 3. After CRT, four patients had a partial response and one patient had a complete clinical response. Two patients were considered in local progression at 9.4 months and 20.4 months of inclusion.ConclusionsDose escalation at 56.25 Gy in the tumor lesion was possible with good acute tolerance. It needs to be evaluated in a larger study. It could allow sufficient local control in order to avoid mutilating surgery in these metastatic patients.Trial registrationNCT03634202. Registered 16 August 2018 – retrospectively registered, https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03634202","PeriodicalId":73634,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer science and clinical therapeutics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42453291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Early diagnosis of peritoneal carcinomatosis is difficult in patients with gastric cancer who are at high risk of developing peritoneal metastases. The measurement of serum Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) has proven to be a useful prognostic factor in gastric cancer, but it also could be a predictive factor for peritoneal metastases since the VEGF signalling pathway is directly involved in the development of peritoneal metastases. Methods: This is a retrospective study from 2005 to 2017. We reviewed the peritoneal recurrence pattern of a cohort of 59 gastric cancer patients in whom serum VEGF was measured before surgery and after completion of adjuvant treatment Results: Preoperative serum VEGF (pre-VEGF) level was identified as an independent prognostic factor for developing peritoneal metastases. The optimal cut-off value of pre-VEGF levels was 507 pg/mL, which presented a sensitivity of 66 % and a specificity of 78% to predict the development of peritoneal metastases. Patients with high pre-VEGF levels (>507 pg/mL) were at greater risk of developing peritoneal metastases than patients with low pre-VEGF levels (<507 pg/mL) (p=0.023). Conclusions: VEGF plays a crucial role in the development of peritoneal metastases, and serum VEGF meets the requirements of a potential predictive marker for peritoneal carcinomatosis. Therefore, the measurement of serum VEGF levels could be useful during the follow-up of patients with advanced gastric cancer.
{"title":"Assessment of circulating VEGF as a predictive biomarker of peritoneal carcinomatosis in gastric cancer","authors":"","doi":"10.36879/jcst.20.000121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36879/jcst.20.000121","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Early diagnosis of peritoneal carcinomatosis is difficult in patients with gastric cancer who are at high risk of developing\u0000peritoneal metastases. The measurement of serum Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) has proven to be a useful prognostic\u0000factor in gastric cancer, but it also could be a predictive factor for peritoneal metastases since the VEGF signalling pathway is directly\u0000involved in the development of peritoneal metastases.\u0000Methods: This is a retrospective study from 2005 to 2017. We reviewed the peritoneal recurrence pattern of a cohort of 59 gastric\u0000cancer patients in whom serum VEGF was measured before surgery and after completion of adjuvant treatment\u0000Results: Preoperative serum VEGF (pre-VEGF) level was identified as an independent prognostic factor for developing peritoneal\u0000metastases. The optimal cut-off value of pre-VEGF levels was 507 pg/mL, which presented a sensitivity of 66 % and a specificity of\u000078% to predict the development of peritoneal metastases. Patients with high pre-VEGF levels (>507 pg/mL) were at greater risk of\u0000developing peritoneal metastases than patients with low pre-VEGF levels (<507 pg/mL) (p=0.023).\u0000Conclusions: VEGF plays a crucial role in the development of peritoneal metastases, and serum VEGF meets the requirements of a\u0000potential predictive marker for peritoneal carcinomatosis. Therefore, the measurement of serum VEGF levels could be useful during\u0000the follow-up of patients with advanced gastric cancer.","PeriodicalId":73634,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer science and clinical therapeutics","volume":"91 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84402989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-26DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-37853/v1
Wei Chen, Xiao-ping Tan, Junwen Ye, Yan Zhang, Jing-lin Liang, Mei Huang
Objective: To observe the factors related to survival and prognosis of patients with resectable stage T4 colorectal cancer. Methods : 148 patients with resectable stage T4 colorectal cancer who underwent surgery in the first Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University between August, 1994 and December, 2005 were retrospectively analyzed. Univariate and multivariate analyses of associations between clinicopathological variables and survival were analyzed using the Cox regression model. Results: At the end of December of 2010 or death, the 5-year and 10 years OS rates were 49.0% and 32.2% respectively, the median OS was 25 months. The disease free survival rates (DFS) at 5 and 10 years were 44.2% and 30.3% respectively. In univariate analysis, patients with postoperative pathology lymph node metastasis was associated with the prognosis of patients with OS (all P< 0.01), postoperative adjuvant therapy failed to improve OS and DFS (P>0.05). Postoperative pathology lymph node metastasis was associated with DFS too (all P< 0.01). In multivariate analysis, postoperative pathology lymph node metastasis was independent factor affected OS and DFS in colorectal cancer patients. Conclusion: Postoperative prognosis of T4 colorectal cancer patients is poor, postoperative pathology lymph node positive was an independent factor affect OS and DFS.
{"title":"Prognosis analysis of patients with resectable T4 colorectal cancer","authors":"Wei Chen, Xiao-ping Tan, Junwen Ye, Yan Zhang, Jing-lin Liang, Mei Huang","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-37853/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-37853/v1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Objective: To observe the factors related to survival and prognosis of patients with resectable stage T4 colorectal cancer. Methods : 148 patients with resectable stage T4 colorectal cancer who underwent surgery in the first Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University between August, 1994 and December, 2005 were retrospectively analyzed. Univariate and multivariate analyses of associations between clinicopathological variables and survival were analyzed using the Cox regression model. Results: At the end of December of 2010 or death, the 5-year and 10 years OS rates were 49.0% and 32.2% respectively, the median OS was 25 months. The disease free survival rates (DFS) at 5 and 10 years were 44.2% and 30.3% respectively. In univariate analysis, patients with postoperative pathology lymph node metastasis was associated with the prognosis of patients with OS (all P< 0.01), postoperative adjuvant therapy failed to improve OS and DFS (P>0.05). Postoperative pathology lymph node metastasis was associated with DFS too (all P< 0.01). In multivariate analysis, postoperative pathology lymph node metastasis was independent factor affected OS and DFS in colorectal cancer patients. Conclusion: Postoperative prognosis of T4 colorectal cancer patients is poor, postoperative pathology lymph node positive was an independent factor affect OS and DFS.","PeriodicalId":73634,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer science and clinical therapeutics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42894791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
For patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC), first-line therapy is based on chemotherapeutic agents, such as oxaliplatin, 5-fluorouracil and irinotecan. These drugs increase the overall survival, but resistance to therapy appears in almost 90% of patients, and the 5-year survival rate for patients with metastatic CRC is only about 12%. During the last few years, immune checkpoints blockade therapies have been developed and show good response in different cancers, including CRC with microsatellite instability (MSI). In this CRC subtype, the response rate to anti-PD-(L)1 antibodies is high thanks to the presence of neoantigens and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes that are associated with the anti-tumor immune response. Nivolumab and pembrolizumab, two anti-PD-1 antibodies, have been approved for CRC MSI treatment. Moreover, it has been shown that the combination of chemotherapy and anti-PD-(L)1 molecules may convert cold tumors into hot tumors in which the immune system and T-cell infiltration are activated. In addition, recent studies found that DNA damage induces PD-L1 expression. ATM, ATR, DNA-PKcs and Chk1 are key sensors of the DNA damage response that regulate PD-L1 expression. This review summarizes the current knowledge on PD-L1 regulation at the genetic, epigenetic, transcriptional and translational levels. It also describes PD-L1 activation in response to chemotherapy and DNA damage. Then, it summarizes the current clinical trials that assess anti-PD-(L)1 therapies in combination with kinase inhibitors or chemotherapeutic agents in CRC.
{"title":"PD-L1 regulation in colorectal cancer and role of DNA damage induced by chemotherapies","authors":"","doi":"10.36879/jcst.20.000120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36879/jcst.20.000120","url":null,"abstract":"For patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC), first-line therapy is based on chemotherapeutic agents, such as oxaliplatin,\u00005-fluorouracil and irinotecan. These drugs increase the overall survival, but resistance to therapy appears in almost 90% of patients,\u0000and the 5-year survival rate for patients with metastatic CRC is only about 12%.\u0000During the last few years, immune checkpoints blockade therapies have been developed and show good response in different cancers,\u0000including CRC with microsatellite instability (MSI). In this CRC subtype, the response rate to anti-PD-(L)1 antibodies is high thanks to\u0000the presence of neoantigens and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes that are associated with the anti-tumor immune response. Nivolumab\u0000and pembrolizumab, two anti-PD-1 antibodies, have been approved for CRC MSI treatment. Moreover, it has been shown that the\u0000combination of chemotherapy and anti-PD-(L)1 molecules may convert cold tumors into hot tumors in which the immune system and\u0000T-cell infiltration are activated. In addition, recent studies found that DNA damage induces PD-L1 expression. ATM, ATR, DNA-PKcs\u0000and Chk1 are key sensors of the DNA damage response that regulate PD-L1 expression.\u0000This review summarizes the current knowledge on PD-L1 regulation at the genetic, epigenetic, transcriptional and translational\u0000levels. It also describes PD-L1 activation in response to chemotherapy and DNA damage. Then, it summarizes the current clinical\u0000trials that assess anti-PD-(L)1 therapies in combination with kinase inhibitors or chemotherapeutic agents in CRC.","PeriodicalId":73634,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer science and clinical therapeutics","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84042792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
With the advancement of high-throughput technology, identifying differential expression has become an essential task in multiple domains of biomedical research, such as transcriptome, proteome, metabolome. A wide variety of computational methods and statistical approaches were developed for detecting differential expression. Most of these methods were applicable to modeling expression level of the entire set of features simultaneously. In this article, we provide a review emphasizing on moderated-t methods published in last two decades. We compared similarities and differences between them, and also discussed their limitations in applications.
{"title":"A review on moderated-t methods for differential expression detection","authors":"","doi":"10.36879/jcst.20.000119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36879/jcst.20.000119","url":null,"abstract":"With the advancement of high-throughput technology, identifying differential expression has become an essential task in multiple domains of\u0000biomedical research, such as transcriptome, proteome, metabolome. A wide variety of computational methods and statistical approaches were\u0000developed for detecting differential expression. Most of these methods were applicable to modeling expression level of the entire set of features\u0000simultaneously. In this article, we provide a review emphasizing on moderated-t methods published in last two decades. We compared similarities\u0000and differences between them, and also discussed their limitations in applications.","PeriodicalId":73634,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer science and clinical therapeutics","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91044270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Capillary Leak Syndome (CLS) is characterized by plasma extravasation into the interstitium with resultant hypotension, anasarca, hemoconcentration, and hypoalbuminemia in the absence of albuminuria. Initially reported in Clarkson’s disease (systemic capillary leak syndrome, SCLS), CLS has been observed in multiple disease settings, the most common being sepsis. In Oncology, CLS has been reported more often as a complication from therapy, and less often from malignancy. In this case study, we documented clinical manifestation, laboratory features and radiological findings of CLS from rituximab therapy when employed in combination with a multi-agent chemotherapy regimen (EPOCH-R). Differentiating drug-induced CLS from sepsis, which presents with the same clinical features, is important in avoiding further exposure to rituximab, which could be fatal to the patient.
{"title":"Capillary leak syndrome (CLS) from rituximab therapy of lymphoma","authors":"","doi":"10.36879/jcst.20.000118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36879/jcst.20.000118","url":null,"abstract":"Capillary Leak Syndome (CLS) is characterized by plasma extravasation into the interstitium with resultant hypotension, anasarca, hemoconcentration,\u0000and hypoalbuminemia in the absence of albuminuria. Initially reported in Clarkson’s disease (systemic capillary leak syndrome, SCLS), CLS has\u0000been observed in multiple disease settings, the most common being sepsis. In Oncology, CLS has been reported more often as a complication from\u0000therapy, and less often from malignancy. In this case study, we documented clinical manifestation, laboratory features and radiological findings of\u0000CLS from rituximab therapy when employed in combination with a multi-agent chemotherapy regimen (EPOCH-R). Differentiating drug-induced\u0000CLS from sepsis, which presents with the same clinical features, is important in avoiding further exposure to rituximab, which could be fatal to the\u0000patient.","PeriodicalId":73634,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer science and clinical therapeutics","volume":"181 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77497686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mortality from melanoma is decreasing in Australia since 2013. Deaths from non-melanoma skin cancer are increasing.
自2013年以来，澳大利亚黑色素瘤的死亡率一直在下降。非黑色素瘤皮肤癌的死亡人数正在增加。
{"title":"In Australia mortality from melanoma is decreasing but increasing for nonmelanoma skin cancer","authors":"","doi":"10.36879/jcst.20.000117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36879/jcst.20.000117","url":null,"abstract":"Mortality from melanoma is decreasing in Australia since 2013. Deaths from non-melanoma skin cancer are increasing.","PeriodicalId":73634,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer science and clinical therapeutics","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84979408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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