N. Bansal, N. Sachdeva, D. Bhurani, G. Kapoor, Pinky Yadav, S. Goyal, V. Talwar, U. Batra
Background: Diagnosis of respiratory viral pathogens can lead to therapeutic changes, improvement in infection control practices and reduction in use of antibiotics. Methods: This is a retrospective study which looked into the case records of patients (June 2020-Dec 2021) who were diagnosed with a respiratory viral infection. Demographic, clinical and antibiotic prescription patterns of these patients were studied. Inter-group analysis was done between antibiotic de-escalation cohort and non-descalation cohort. Results: Total of 57 patients were identified with median age of 40 years (range: 3-68). Hematological malignancies were present in 45 (78.9%) of patients, whereas 14 (24.5%) patients were stem cell transplant recipients. Severe neutropenia was seen in 32 (56.1%) patients with median duration of neutropenia of 7 (range 5-20) days. RSV (36.8%) was the most common virus detected. Antibiotic de-escalation was done in 33 (57.8%) of patients and in 13 (22.8%) bacterial co-infection was diagnosed. More than 3/4 th patients were shifted to isolation and nearly 9000 INR per patient were saved by de-escalation of antibiotics. On inter-group analysis, non-de-escalation cohort had longer length of stay (10 vs 3 days; p =0.005), no antibiotic cost reduction (0 vs 9620; p=0.0003), higher mortality (16.6% vs 0%; p =0.01) & higher rhinovirus detection rates (41.6% vs 3%; p=0.0002). Conclusion: Diagnosis of respiratory viral infection helped in improving antibiotic stewardship and infection control practices.
背景:呼吸道病毒病原体的诊断可导致治疗改变，改善感染控制措施和减少抗生素的使用。方法:回顾性研究了2020年6月- 2021年12月诊断为呼吸道病毒感染的患者病例记录。研究这些患者的人口学、临床和抗生素处方模式。在抗生素降级组和非降级组之间进行组间分析。结果:共发现57例患者，中位年龄40岁(范围3-68岁)。45例(78.9%)患者存在血液系统恶性肿瘤，而14例(24.5%)患者是干细胞移植接受者。32例(56.1%)患者出现严重中性粒细胞减少，中性粒细胞减少的中位持续时间为7天(范围5-20天)。RSV是最常见的病毒(36.8%)。33例(57.8%)患者进行了抗生素降级治疗，13例(22.8%)患者被诊断为细菌合并感染。超过四分之三的患者被转入隔离，通过降低抗生素用量，每位患者节省了近9000印度卢比。在组间分析中，非降级队列的住院时间更长(10天vs 3天;P =0.005)，抗生素成本没有降低(0 vs 9620;P =0.0003)，更高的死亡率(16.6% vs 0%;P =0.01)和更高的鼻病毒检出率(41.6% vs 3%;p = 0.0002)。结论:呼吸道病毒感染的诊断有助于改善抗生素管理和感染控制措施。
{"title":"Respiratory Viral Infections in Cancer Patients: Epidemiological, Clinical and Cost-Effectiveness study from a Developing Country","authors":"N. Bansal, N. Sachdeva, D. Bhurani, G. Kapoor, Pinky Yadav, S. Goyal, V. Talwar, U. Batra","doi":"10.26502/jcsct.5079166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jcsct.5079166","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diagnosis of respiratory viral pathogens can lead to therapeutic changes, improvement in infection control practices and reduction in use of antibiotics. Methods: This is a retrospective study which looked into the case records of patients (June 2020-Dec 2021) who were diagnosed with a respiratory viral infection. Demographic, clinical and antibiotic prescription patterns of these patients were studied. Inter-group analysis was done between antibiotic de-escalation cohort and non-descalation cohort. Results: Total of 57 patients were identified with median age of 40 years (range: 3-68). Hematological malignancies were present in 45 (78.9%) of patients, whereas 14 (24.5%) patients were stem cell transplant recipients. Severe neutropenia was seen in 32 (56.1%) patients with median duration of neutropenia of 7 (range 5-20) days. RSV (36.8%) was the most common virus detected. Antibiotic de-escalation was done in 33 (57.8%) of patients and in 13 (22.8%) bacterial co-infection was diagnosed. More than 3/4 th patients were shifted to isolation and nearly 9000 INR per patient were saved by de-escalation of antibiotics. On inter-group analysis, non-de-escalation cohort had longer length of stay (10 vs 3 days; p =0.005), no antibiotic cost reduction (0 vs 9620; p=0.0003), higher mortality (16.6% vs 0%; p =0.01) & higher rhinovirus detection rates (41.6% vs 3%; p=0.0002). Conclusion: Diagnosis of respiratory viral infection helped in improving antibiotic stewardship and infection control practices.","PeriodicalId":73634,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer science and clinical therapeutics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69348666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Christiane Stuhlmann-Leisz, A. Fazel, Lukas Lükewille, C. Röcken, M. Laudien, Elgar Susanne Quabius, M. Hoffmann
This case report presents the disease course of a patient who developed HPV16-positive skin metastasis to the nose of HPV16-positive tonsillar carcinoma treated 5 years previously. The report critically reviews the available literature, particularly the comparable case reports available to date. In light of conflicting findings, it now appears unclear whether the occurrence of skin metastases reflecting an unusual pattern of metastasis is more typical of the course of HPV-positive HN/OSCC. There are reports suggesting this association, including our case report. On the other hand, there are retrospective study results that rather do not point to an association of skin metastases explicitly with (HPV-positive) OSCC. Rather, it must be critically questioned whether there is indeed a significant association between a specific metastatic pattern including unusual metastatic sites such as the skin, or whether merely increased attention to HPV-positive cancers leads to a higher publication rate of these cases. Extensive epidemiologic evidence should be obtained on a retrospective and prospective basis before recommendations for surveillance of corresponding patients are derived from the assumption of an atypical or different metastatic pattern in HPV-positive HNSCC.
{"title":"HPV16-Positive Skin Metastasis at the Nose 5 Years Following Treatment of an HPV16-Positive Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Tonsil – A Case Report and Review of Literature","authors":"Christiane Stuhlmann-Leisz, A. Fazel, Lukas Lükewille, C. Röcken, M. Laudien, Elgar Susanne Quabius, M. Hoffmann","doi":"10.26502/jcsct.5079173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jcsct.5079173","url":null,"abstract":"This case report presents the disease course of a patient who developed HPV16-positive skin metastasis to the nose of HPV16-positive tonsillar carcinoma treated 5 years previously. The report critically reviews the available literature, particularly the comparable case reports available to date. In light of conflicting findings, it now appears unclear whether the occurrence of skin metastases reflecting an unusual pattern of metastasis is more typical of the course of HPV-positive HN/OSCC. There are reports suggesting this association, including our case report. On the other hand, there are retrospective study results that rather do not point to an association of skin metastases explicitly with (HPV-positive) OSCC. Rather, it must be critically questioned whether there is indeed a significant association between a specific metastatic pattern including unusual metastatic sites such as the skin, or whether merely increased attention to HPV-positive cancers leads to a higher publication rate of these cases. Extensive epidemiologic evidence should be obtained on a retrospective and prospective basis before recommendations for surveillance of corresponding patients are derived from the assumption of an atypical or different metastatic pattern in HPV-positive HNSCC.","PeriodicalId":73634,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer science and clinical therapeutics","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69348786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Piero Maria Stefani, F. Cinetto, R. Scarpa, E. Mauro, C. Agostini, M. Rattazzi
The Impact of Covid-19 Outbreak among Lymphoma Patients: What Did We Learn? Journal Clinical Therapeutics (2022): Abstract A very high number of articles have been published regarding SARSCOVID-19 infection among oncohematology patients. However, outside epidemiologic data and guidelines regarding the management of SARSCOVID-19 disease, no shared recommendations or expert opinions are available to decide whether it is advisable to initiate antineoplastic therapy during a phase of pandemic and, if so, how to modulate the treatment schedule. The need to administer antineoplastic or biological drugs and available monoclonal antibodies licensed for lymphoproliferative diseases makes it particularly complex in this perspective to define reasoned, evidence-based choices. We reviewed published studies with the largest cohort of patients, intending to recognize the most relevant risk factors. We have highlighted some unresolved questions about immunologic perturbation during SARSCOVID-19 infection that hinder a defined and biologically oriented approach, especially in the case of immunosuppression, both primary and acquired. It is interesting, in this context, that preliminary evidence shows a characteristic clinical course of SARSCOVID-19 infection that suggests specific management. We also summarized the role of immunoglobulin replacement treatment or monoclonal antibody administration.
{"title":"The Impact of Covid-19 Outbreak among Lymphoma Patients: What Did We Learn?","authors":"Piero Maria Stefani, F. Cinetto, R. Scarpa, E. Mauro, C. Agostini, M. Rattazzi","doi":"10.26502/jcsct.5079161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jcsct.5079161","url":null,"abstract":"The Impact of Covid-19 Outbreak among Lymphoma Patients: What Did We Learn? Journal Clinical Therapeutics (2022): Abstract A very high number of articles have been published regarding SARSCOVID-19 infection among oncohematology patients. However, outside epidemiologic data and guidelines regarding the management of SARSCOVID-19 disease, no shared recommendations or expert opinions are available to decide whether it is advisable to initiate antineoplastic therapy during a phase of pandemic and, if so, how to modulate the treatment schedule. The need to administer antineoplastic or biological drugs and available monoclonal antibodies licensed for lymphoproliferative diseases makes it particularly complex in this perspective to define reasoned, evidence-based choices. We reviewed published studies with the largest cohort of patients, intending to recognize the most relevant risk factors. We have highlighted some unresolved questions about immunologic perturbation during SARSCOVID-19 infection that hinder a defined and biologically oriented approach, especially in the case of immunosuppression, both primary and acquired. It is interesting, in this context, that preliminary evidence shows a characteristic clinical course of SARSCOVID-19 infection that suggests specific management. We also summarized the role of immunoglobulin replacement treatment or monoclonal antibody administration.","PeriodicalId":73634,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer science and clinical therapeutics","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69348329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
1. Literature Review In our previous work (Praznikov V. "Resonant Medicine" "International Journal of Medical Science and Clinical Invention". 9 (2), p. 5962-5973, 2022 [1] and in monographs [2-7] considered two options for using resonance in medicine the resonance of destruction and the resonance of creation. Resonance has been used for many years in the treatment of various diseases [1-7, 11]. In this paper, we will consider the possibilities of effective treatment and effective prevention of oncological diseases using the methods of resonance of destruction and resonance of creation. For the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, bioresonance therapy is used, which arose thanks to the German researchers R. Fol, F. Werner [12], Shimmel H.W. [13]. In the diagnosis and treatment of bioresonance therapy, the so-called "nosodes" are used wave copies of various diseases, including oncological ones, and "organ preparations" wave copies of normally functioning organs. A feature of the use of nosodes and organ preparations in our work was that we used not only low potencies of nosodes and organ preparations, but also high ones [1-7], while in previous works we used only low potencies of nosodes and organ preparations [8-11].
1. 文献综述(Praznikov V.;《共振医学》《国际医学科学与临床发明杂志》9 (2)， p. 5962-5973, 2022[1]和专著[2-7]考虑了在医学中使用共振的两种选择:破坏共振和创造共振。共振已被用于治疗多种疾病多年[1- 7,11]。在本文中，我们将考虑利用破坏共振和创造共振的方法有效治疗和有效预防肿瘤疾病的可能性。对于疾病的诊断和治疗，生物共振疗法被使用，这要归功于德国研究人员R. Fol, F. Werner [13]， Shimmel H.W.[13]。在生物共振治疗的诊断和治疗中，所谓的“nosodes”是使用各种疾病的波拷贝，包括肿瘤疾病，以及正常功能器官的“器官准备”波拷贝。在我们的工作中，我们不仅使用了低效剂和器官制剂，而且还使用了高效剂[1-7]，而在以前的工作中，我们只使用了低效剂和器官制剂[8-11]。
{"title":"Effective Prevention and Effective Treatment Oncological Diseases with Methods Resonance Destruction and Resonance of Creation","authors":"Praznikov Viktor","doi":"10.26502/jcsct.5079152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jcsct.5079152","url":null,"abstract":"1. Literature Review In our previous work (Praznikov V. \"Resonant Medicine\" \"International Journal of Medical Science and Clinical Invention\". 9 (2), p. 5962-5973, 2022 [1] and in monographs [2-7] considered two options for using resonance in medicine the resonance of destruction and the resonance of creation. Resonance has been used for many years in the treatment of various diseases [1-7, 11]. In this paper, we will consider the possibilities of effective treatment and effective prevention of oncological diseases using the methods of resonance of destruction and resonance of creation. For the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, bioresonance therapy is used, which arose thanks to the German researchers R. Fol, F. Werner [12], Shimmel H.W. [13]. In the diagnosis and treatment of bioresonance therapy, the so-called \"nosodes\" are used wave copies of various diseases, including oncological ones, and \"organ preparations\" wave copies of normally functioning organs. A feature of the use of nosodes and organ preparations in our work was that we used not only low potencies of nosodes and organ preparations, but also high ones [1-7], while in previous works we used only low potencies of nosodes and organ preparations [8-11].","PeriodicalId":73634,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer science and clinical therapeutics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69348288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We describe a case of a 7-year-old female who presented to the emergency department (ED) with a three-day history of vaginal bleeding, progressive abdominal pain, and dehydration. Initial computerized tomography (CT) scan of the abdomen followed by a transabdominal ultra-sound of the pelvis identified bilateral, symmetric adnexal cysts and proliferative-phase endometrium with no evidence of inflammatory or malignancy-related findings. A gynecologic oncology consult led to surgical exploration diagnosing the child with an acute surgical abdomen. Surgery was performed through a vertical infra-umbilical, mini-laparotomy (4 cm) incision. Both intra-operative and final pathology confirmed bilateral ovarian, low malignant potential (LMP), granulosa cell tumors. Postoperative bone age was over 18 months less than the patient’s age. The discrepant bone age prompted investigation into pediatric syndromes characterized by juvenile hypothyroidism, isosexual precocious puberty, and granulosa cell tumors with delayed bone age. A rare diagnosis matching all criteria was identified as Van Wyk-Grumbach Syndrome (VW-GS). This syndrome was originally reported in 1960 by Drs. Van Wyk and Grumbach. They identified the discrepancies in bone age and how simple thyroid replacement results in complete resolution of this unique syndrome. Our literature review found few reports related to VW-GS in the gynecologic oncology case studies. We hope this report will further assist in the appropriate diagnosis and management of similar cases to avoid unnecessary and invasive interventions and treatment.
{"title":"A Female Pediatric Patient with Bilateral Ovarian Cysts Presenting to Gynecologic Oncology Diagnosed as Van Wyk-Grumbach Syndrome: A Case Report","authors":"Bayley Richardson, Archana Ayyar, Leigh Hickham, Chinnadurai Mani, Komaraiah Palle, Mark Reedy","doi":"10.26502/jcsct.5079170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jcsct.5079170","url":null,"abstract":"We describe a case of a 7-year-old female who presented to the emergency department (ED) with a three-day history of vaginal bleeding, progressive abdominal pain, and dehydration. Initial computerized tomography (CT) scan of the abdomen followed by a transabdominal ultra-sound of the pelvis identified bilateral, symmetric adnexal cysts and proliferative-phase endometrium with no evidence of inflammatory or malignancy-related findings. A gynecologic oncology consult led to surgical exploration diagnosing the child with an acute surgical abdomen. Surgery was performed through a vertical infra-umbilical, mini-laparotomy (4 cm) incision. Both intra-operative and final pathology confirmed bilateral ovarian, low malignant potential (LMP), granulosa cell tumors. Postoperative bone age was over 18 months less than the patient’s age. The discrepant bone age prompted investigation into pediatric syndromes characterized by juvenile hypothyroidism, isosexual precocious puberty, and granulosa cell tumors with delayed bone age. A rare diagnosis matching all criteria was identified as Van Wyk-Grumbach Syndrome (VW-GS). This syndrome was originally reported in 1960 by Drs. Van Wyk and Grumbach. They identified the discrepancies in bone age and how simple thyroid replacement results in complete resolution of this unique syndrome. Our literature review found few reports related to VW-GS in the gynecologic oncology case studies. We hope this report will further assist in the appropriate diagnosis and management of similar cases to avoid unnecessary and invasive interventions and treatment.","PeriodicalId":73634,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer science and clinical therapeutics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69348774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. T. Martínez, M. Tapia, Lina Candia, B. Bermejo, I. Garrido-Cano, A. Adam-Artigues, P. Eroles, A. Lluch, I. de Juan, E. Contel, C. Hernando, Sara S Oltra, Juan M. Cejalvo, I. Chirivella
Germline BRCA1 and BRCA2 ( BRCA1/2 ) mutations are most frequently associated with hereditary breast/ovarian cancer. The study of genetic discriminators and dysregulated pathways involved in hereditary breast/ovarian syndromes has been key in the development of molecular diagnostic strategies, targeted therapies (such as PARP inhibitors), and prevention approaches. The recent development and implementation of next generation sequencing technologies has improved patient selection processes to offer such prevention and surveillance strategies. This review summarizes current knowledge on management and follow-up of BRCA mutation patients and carriers, and also reviews current research lines on the subject that could help improve future management of BRCA germline mutant patients.
{"title":"Hereditary Risk Assessment for BRCA Breast and/or Ovarian Cancer","authors":"M. T. Martínez, M. Tapia, Lina Candia, B. Bermejo, I. Garrido-Cano, A. Adam-Artigues, P. Eroles, A. Lluch, I. de Juan, E. Contel, C. Hernando, Sara S Oltra, Juan M. Cejalvo, I. Chirivella","doi":"10.26502/jcsct.5079162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jcsct.5079162","url":null,"abstract":"Germline BRCA1 and BRCA2 ( BRCA1/2 ) mutations are most frequently associated with hereditary breast/ovarian cancer. The study of genetic discriminators and dysregulated pathways involved in hereditary breast/ovarian syndromes has been key in the development of molecular diagnostic strategies, targeted therapies (such as PARP inhibitors), and prevention approaches. The recent development and implementation of next generation sequencing technologies has improved patient selection processes to offer such prevention and surveillance strategies. This review summarizes current knowledge on management and follow-up of BRCA mutation patients and carriers, and also reviews current research lines on the subject that could help improve future management of BRCA germline mutant patients.","PeriodicalId":73634,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer science and clinical therapeutics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69347862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Zamprogna, Anna Maria Frustaci, M. Deodato, H. Allewelt, D. Weber, C. Rigamonti, A. Tedeschi
Efficacy and Safety of zanubrutinib in IgA-secerning Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma. Journal of Cancer Science and Clinical Therapeutics 6 (2022): 146-151. Abstract Non IgM-Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma (LPL) is a rare chronic lymph proliferative disorder with worse outcome with respect to classical LPL and Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia. Therapeutic options are limited and differently from other indolent lymphomas no specific approved therapies are available. Here we present the case of a IgA-secreting LPL previously treated with 6 lines of therapies including immuno-chemotherapy, proteasome inhibitor and radiotherapy. At the last relapse this patient was
{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Zanubrutinib in IgA-secerning Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma","authors":"G. Zamprogna, Anna Maria Frustaci, M. Deodato, H. Allewelt, D. Weber, C. Rigamonti, A. Tedeschi","doi":"10.26502/jcsct.5079151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jcsct.5079151","url":null,"abstract":"Efficacy and Safety of zanubrutinib in IgA-secerning Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma. Journal of Cancer Science and Clinical Therapeutics 6 (2022): 146-151. Abstract Non IgM-Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma (LPL) is a rare chronic lymph proliferative disorder with worse outcome with respect to classical LPL and Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia. Therapeutic options are limited and differently from other indolent lymphomas no specific approved therapies are available. Here we present the case of a IgA-secreting LPL previously treated with 6 lines of therapies including immuno-chemotherapy, proteasome inhibitor and radiotherapy. At the last relapse this patient was","PeriodicalId":73634,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer science and clinical therapeutics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69348283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been a field of research for more than 70 years, with the goal of mimicking human thought processes in a computer. There were early successes in the subgenre of expert systems, designed to capture knowledge in specialist domains like medicine. These expert systems are part of a broader family of AI known as knowledge-based systems, which contain explicit knowledge expressed in human-readable form [1]. However, the current wave of excitement is largely driven by a different model, namely machine learning (ML). The idea is that by showing a computer algorithm thousands of examples of images or other forms of data, it will learn to associate those examples with their correct classification [1]. A key characteristic of ML is generalization. When presented with an image or data pattern that it has not seen before, the algorithm can classify it reliably, provided that similar examples existed in the training set. Unsurprisingly, many surgeons have limited knowledge of AI and ML. Nevertheless, the fusion of their experiences from the medical domain with those from the computing sciences has led to a significant interest in the developing discipline of health informatics.
{"title":"Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning for Risk Prediction in Surgery","authors":"S. Masum, A. Hopgood, Jim S. Khan","doi":"10.26502/jcsct.5079175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jcsct.5079175","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been a field of research for more than 70 years, with the goal of mimicking human thought processes in a computer. There were early successes in the subgenre of expert systems, designed to capture knowledge in specialist domains like medicine. These expert systems are part of a broader family of AI known as knowledge-based systems, which contain explicit knowledge expressed in human-readable form [1]. However, the current wave of excitement is largely driven by a different model, namely machine learning (ML). The idea is that by showing a computer algorithm thousands of examples of images or other forms of data, it will learn to associate those examples with their correct classification [1]. A key characteristic of ML is generalization. When presented with an image or data pattern that it has not seen before, the algorithm can classify it reliably, provided that similar examples existed in the training set. Unsurprisingly, many surgeons have limited knowledge of AI and ML. Nevertheless, the fusion of their experiences from the medical domain with those from the computing sciences has led to a significant interest in the developing discipline of health informatics.","PeriodicalId":73634,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer science and clinical therapeutics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69348331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Arun Kumar, Ravi C, Sameer Dhingra, K. Murti, M. Ali, Ashok Kumar Ghosh
A Gallbladder cancer patient was studied for the etiology of the risk factors, in which it was observed that, the patient was with the disease in very advanced stage and had arsenic contamination in his biological samples more than the permissible limit. Moreover, during the time of his diagnosis he was consuming arsenic contaminated water, more than the WHO permissible limit of 10µg/L. The patient’s household was also in the vicinity of two Himalayan bound rivers. The study correlates that arsenic could be the probable cause of the Gallbladder cancer disease in the patient. Furthermore, studies are also required to establish the link between them
{"title":"Arsenic Causing Gallbladder Cancer Disease near the Himalayan bound Rivers in Bihar: A Case study of Gallbladder Cancer","authors":"Arun Kumar, Ravi C, Sameer Dhingra, K. Murti, M. Ali, Ashok Kumar Ghosh","doi":"10.26502/jcsct.5079178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jcsct.5079178","url":null,"abstract":"A Gallbladder cancer patient was studied for the etiology of the risk factors, in which it was observed that, the patient was with the disease in very advanced stage and had arsenic contamination in his biological samples more than the permissible limit. Moreover, during the time of his diagnosis he was consuming arsenic contaminated water, more than the WHO permissible limit of 10µg/L. The patient’s household was also in the vicinity of two Himalayan bound rivers. The study correlates that arsenic could be the probable cause of the Gallbladder cancer disease in the patient. Furthermore, studies are also required to establish the link between them","PeriodicalId":73634,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer science and clinical therapeutics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69348351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Christian Tang Axelsen, Steen Baerentzen, N. Aggerholm-Pedersen, Hanne Krogh Rose
Giant Cell Tumour of Bone (GCTB) is a rare locally aggressive tumor that in 2-4% can contain a malignant component. Due to the rarity there is only sparse evidence on how to treat it in the metastatic setting. On the contrary denosumab has shown promising results on benign GCTB. Here we present two patients with malignant metastatic GCTB treated with Denosumab with partial response evaluated with RECIST 1.1. This indicates that denosumab can be added as a well- tolerated treatment option for malignant metastatic GCTB.
{"title":"Malignant Giant Cell Tumour of the Bone: Two Recent Cases with Immediate effect of Treatment with Denosumab","authors":"Christian Tang Axelsen, Steen Baerentzen, N. Aggerholm-Pedersen, Hanne Krogh Rose","doi":"10.26502/jcsct.5079168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jcsct.5079168","url":null,"abstract":"Giant Cell Tumour of Bone (GCTB) is a rare locally aggressive tumor that in 2-4% can contain a malignant component. Due to the rarity there is only sparse evidence on how to treat it in the metastatic setting. On the contrary denosumab has shown promising results on benign GCTB. Here we present two patients with malignant metastatic GCTB treated with Denosumab with partial response evaluated with RECIST 1.1. This indicates that denosumab can be added as a well- tolerated treatment option for malignant metastatic GCTB.","PeriodicalId":73634,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer science and clinical therapeutics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69348729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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