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Accessory Hepatic Lobe in Paediatric Patients: Case Report and a Comprehensive Literature Review 小儿副肝叶:病例报告及综合文献回顾
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.37421/2165-7920.2021.11.1467
Accessory hepatic lobe • Ectopic liver tissue • Accessory li Omphalocele
Background: Accessory Hepatic Lobe (AHL) is a rare congenital anomaly that consists of the presence of a supernumerary lobe of hepatic parenchyma. The incidence of AHL is less than 1%, with only 27 cases having been reported in the paediatric population to date. Aim: To identify studies in the literature on accessory hepatic lobe and present our experience with this condition. Material and methods: We report the case of a patient who underwent surgery for intestinal occlusion and was found to have an accessory liver lobe with an embedded gallbladder. We reviewed published articles on accessory hepatic lobes accessed via PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct and Web of Science. Keywords included accessory hepatic lobe, ectopic liver tissue, ectopic liver lobe, accessory liver lobe. The search included articles published before August 2021 in English. Results: We identified 27 published cases of paediatric accessory hepatic lobe. Of these 27, 14 were female and 13 were male, and the age range was 1 day to 19 years. We report the case of a female patient with intestinal occlusion found to have an accessory hepatic lobe with an embedded gallbladder. Of the 28 published cases, including ours, 11 are associated with abdominal wall defects including Umbilical Hernia, Omphalocele, Cloacal Exstrophy and Beckwith Wiedemann syndrome. Conclusion: Accessory hepatic lobe is a rare entity usually detected incidentally. A total of 28 cases were reported, including our own. Paediatric surgeons should be aware of this condition in children with a history of abdominal wall defects.
背景:副叶(AHL)是一种罕见的先天性异常,由肝实质的多叶组成。AHL的发病率不到1%,迄今为止在儿科人群中仅报告了27例。目的:对文献中有关副叶的研究进行总结,并提出我们治疗副叶的经验。材料和方法:我们报告一例接受肠道阻塞手术的患者,发现有副肝叶并嵌入胆囊。我们回顾了通过PubMed、b谷歌Scholar、Science Direct和Web of Science获取的关于副肝叶的已发表文章。关键词:副肝,异位肝组织,异位肝,副肝。搜索包括2021年8月之前发表的英文文章。结果:我们确定了27例已发表的小儿副肝病例。其中女性14只,男性13只,年龄1 ~ 19岁。我们报告的情况下,女性患者的肠道闭塞发现有副肝叶嵌入胆囊。在已发表的28例病例中,包括我们的病例,11例与腹壁缺陷有关,包括脐疝、脐膨出、泄殖腔膨出和Beckwith Wiedemann综合征。结论:副肝是一种罕见的肿瘤,通常是偶然发现的。包括我们自己在内,共报告了28例病例。儿科外科医生应注意有腹壁缺陷史的儿童的这种情况。
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引用次数: 0
Septic Shock Complicated with Limb Ischemic Necrosis: Three Case Reports and their Review of Literature 感染性休克合并肢体缺血性坏死3例报告及文献复习
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.37421/2165-7920.2021.11.1450
Zheng Li
Purpose: Limb ischemic necrosis is a very rare but severe condition that generally leads to amputation in septic shock. Our aim is to review the risk factors for development of limb ischemic necrosis in ICU patients requiring vasopressor support and draw the attention of doctors. Methods: A retrospective review of clinical information and photographs in 3 septic shock patients, including APACHII scores, dose of norepinephrine, time of ischemic necrosis and final outcome from July 2001 to June 2020 at a single intensive care unit. Results: All of the three patients had high APACHE II score, obvious coagulation dysfunction and severe hypotension on admission; In order to maintain the target blood pressure, the dose of norepinephrine range from 0.36 to 7.27 μg/kg/min; Case 2 and 3 had a higher average dose and length of NE treatment when comparing to case 1. Finally, case 1 survived but undergone amputation, case 2 and case 3 died. Conclusion: Septic shock with limb ischemic necrosis is a very serious complication and may indicate a poor prognosis. As an ICU doctor, we should pay attention to the complication in our clinical practice which can greatly affect patient’s quality of later life.
目的:肢体缺血性坏死是一种非常罕见但严重的疾病,通常导致感染性休克截肢。我们的目的是回顾ICU患者发生肢体缺血性坏死的危险因素,并引起医生的注意。方法:回顾性分析2001年7月至2020年6月在同一重症监护病房就诊的3例感染性休克患者的临床资料和照片,包括APACHII评分、去甲肾上腺素剂量、缺血性坏死时间和最终结局。结果:3例患者入院时均有较高的APACHEⅱ评分、明显的凝血功能障碍和严重的低血压;为了维持目标血压,去甲肾上腺素的剂量范围为0.36 ~ 7.27 μg/kg/min;与病例1相比,病例2和3的平均剂量和NE治疗时间更长。病例1存活但截肢,病例2和病例3死亡。结论:感染性休克合并肢体缺血性坏死是一种非常严重的并发症,预后较差。作为一名ICU医生,在临床实践中应重视并发症的发生,并发症对患者的后期生活质量有很大的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Two Cases of Hemifacial Spasm Completely Recovered after Repeated BTX-A Treatment 反复BTX-A治疗面肌痉挛完全恢复2例
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.37421/2165-7920.2021.11.1458
T. Shen, Yingying Xu, Jing-Liu, W. Luo, Xia Zhang
Hemifacial Spasm (HSF) refers to the intermittently involuntary clonic twitch or painless rigidity of one or two sides of facial muscles. Patients with hemifacial spasm generally have a decline in quality of life, accompanied by anxiety, depression and other emotional problems, which further aggravate hemifacial spasm symptoms. BTX-A injection is the first choice for treatment of HFS, which can not only relief the symptoms of HFS but also improve the mood problems. There have been no reported cases of HFS cured by drugs or BTX-A. Here we reported two HFS patients recovered after multiple BTX-A treatments without recurrence for 3-8 years, which might provide a clue for further exploration of the pathogenesis of HFS.
面肌痉挛是指面肌一侧或两侧的间歇性不自觉的阵挛性抽搐或无痛性强直。面肌痉挛患者一般生活质量下降,伴有焦虑、抑郁等情绪问题,进一步加重面肌痉挛症状。BTX-A注射液是治疗HFS的首选药物,不仅可以缓解HFS的症状,还可以改善患者的情绪问题。目前还没有HFS通过药物或BTX-A治愈的病例报告。本研究报告2例HFS患者经多次BTX-A治疗后3-8年无复发,可能为进一步探讨HFS的发病机制提供线索。
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引用次数: 0
Acquired Bartters Syndrome: A Rare Metabolic Abnormality Induced by Streptomycin 获得性易货综合征:一种罕见的由链霉素引起的代谢异常
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.37421/2165-7920.2021.11.1466
Shazia Durdana, M. Zaheer, Syed Hasan Amir, S. Khan
Streptomycin associated nephrotoxicity can manifest either as nonoliguric acute kidney injury, tubular dysfunction or electrolyte abnormalities including Fanconi-like syndrome or Bartter syndrome. We report a case of Streptomycin-induced renal electrolyte wasting mimicking Bartter’s syndrome.
链霉素相关肾毒性可表现为非少尿急性肾损伤、肾小管功能障碍或电解质异常,包括fanconi样综合征或Bartter综合征。我们报告一例链霉素引起的肾电解质消耗模拟巴特氏综合征。
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引用次数: 0
Soft Tissue Coverage with Submental Flap in Massive Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Mandible 颏下皮瓣覆盖下颌骨大面积药物相关性骨坏死的研究
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.37421/2165-7920.2021.11.1461
R. Tabrizi, Mehrdad Dehghanpour Barouj, P. Behnia, P. Bakhshaei
Intravenous Bisphosphonates (BPs) are used to treat cancer-related conditions, including hyperkalemia of malignancy, Skeletal-Related Events (SREs) associated with bone, and for management of lytic lesions in the setting of multiple myeloma. Bisphosphonate-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (BRONJ) is a severe complication of BPs, which affects the patient's quality of life. In the treatment of BRONJ, soft tissue coverage for coverage of the debrided bone is essential. In severe soft tissue deficiency, the use of local or distant soft tissue flap is necessary this case report; a massive BRONJ was described in which a submental flap was used to cover the mandibular bone.
静脉注射双膦酸盐(bp)用于治疗癌症相关疾病,包括恶性肿瘤高钾血症、与骨相关的骨骼相关事件(SREs),以及多发性骨髓瘤溶性病变的治疗。双膦酸盐相关性颌骨骨坏死(BRONJ)是bp的严重并发症,影响患者的生活质量。在BRONJ的治疗中,软组织覆盖对清除骨的覆盖是必不可少的。在严重的软组织缺损中,使用局部或远处软组织瓣是必要的。描述了一个巨大的BRONJ,其中一个颏下皮瓣用于覆盖下颌骨。
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引用次数: 0
Pharmacists Role in Deprescribing Medications in An Adult with End-Stage Kidney Disease 药师在成人终末期肾病患者开处方中的作用
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.37421/2165-7920.2021.11.1465
Aashish Sreeram, A. Matos, N. Amin, J. Turgeon, Katie Meyer, ni Bardolia
Purpose: Individuals diagnosed with End-Stage Kidney Disease (ESKD) have multiple comorbidities and require many medications. Alterations in renal function, coupled with pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic changes in individuals with increasing age, can result in adverse drug effects. The purpose of this case is to demonstrate how interventions recommended by a clinical pharmacist improved medication safety for a patient with ESKD. Case: A 55-year-old male with a past medical history of ESKD, peripheral artery disease, chronic heart failure, cirrhosis, and major depressive disorder had a clinical pharmacist-led medication review. During the review, the clinical pharmacist identified several medications (i.e., bumetanide, metolazone, spironolactone, rivaroxaban) that should be discontinued since the patient had no urinary flow output and was on dialysis. Before the recommendations were addressed, the patient experienced retinal hemorrhaging, which may have been a rivaroxaban-associated adverse drug reaction. After addressing the retinal hemorrhaging, the physician discontinued the rivaroxaban and initiated clopidogrel. Additionally, both bumetanide and metolazone were discontinued. Conclusion: This case demonstrates that clinical pharmacists can have a significant role in medication therapy management and medication safety, especially in patients with ESKD. Healthcare providers with patients with ESKD on dialysis can greatly benefit from consulting with a clinical pharmacist who can evaluate all medications for safety and efficacy.
目的:终末期肾病(ESKD)患者有多种合并症,需要多种药物治疗。随着年龄的增长,肾脏功能的改变,加上药代动力学和药效学的变化,可导致药物不良反应。本案例的目的是展示临床药剂师推荐的干预措施如何改善ESKD患者的用药安全性。病例:一名55岁男性,既往有ESKD、外周动脉疾病、慢性心力衰竭、肝硬化和重度抑郁症病史。在回顾期间,临床药师确定了几种药物(即布美他尼、美唑酮、螺内酯、利伐沙班),由于患者没有尿流输出并且正在进行透析,应该停用这些药物。在提出建议之前,患者出现视网膜出血,这可能是利伐沙班相关的药物不良反应。在处理视网膜出血后,医生停止使用利伐沙班并开始使用氯吡格雷。此外,布美他尼和美唑酮均已停用。结论:本病例表明临床药师在药物治疗管理和用药安全中发挥着重要作用,尤其是在ESKD患者中。有ESKD透析患者的医疗保健提供者可以从咨询临床药剂师中获益,临床药剂师可以评估所有药物的安全性和有效性。
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引用次数: 0
A First Case of Adrenomyeloneuropathy with Mutation R152C: A Case Report with Literature Review R152C突变肾上腺髓神经病变1例并文献复习
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.37421/2165-7920.2021.11.1445
M. Mansour, R. Aoun, Maroua Melliti, A. Kacem, Meriem Mselmani, R. Mrissa, J. Zaouali
X-linked Adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) is a rare genetic disorder responsible of accumulation of Very Long Chain Fatty Acids (VLCFAs) which accumulate in the central nervous system, adrenal cortex and testes. Various mutations have been identified, the X-ALD mutation database catalogs 2707 (last updated on 04-03-2019) with 61% of missense mutations. This paper reports on a first case of AMN with R152C mutation in ABCD1 gene.
x -连锁肾上腺脑白质营养不良(X-ALD)是一种罕见的遗传性疾病,引起长链脂肪酸(VLCFAs)积聚在中枢神经系统、肾上腺皮质和睾丸。已经确定了各种突变,X-ALD突变数据库编目了2707个(最后更新于2019年3月4日),其中61%的错义突变。本文报道首例AMN伴有ABCD1基因R152C突变。
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引用次数: 0
Parietal Abcess Revealing Several Foci of Extramedullary Hematopoiesis: A Case Report 壁脓肿显示髓外造血的几个病灶:1例报告
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.37421/2165-7920.2021.11.1459
Y. Gharbi
In children, Extra Medullary Hematopoiesis (EMH) is a compensatory response to severe chronic anemia, particularly in the context of B thalassemia. Its localization, variable, is mainly hepatic, splenic and ganglionic but all the other organs, including the skin, can be reached. Rare, most often asymptomatic, EMH can be manifested by a mass syndrome. The anamnesis and the imaging bring arguments in favor of the diagnosis, sometimes difficult to establish, without resorting to invasive examinations. Thanks to therapeutic progress, the surgical treatment has become rare, reserved for certain special cases. We report the case of a patient with major B thalassemia, in whom the appearance of an abscessed abdominal mass has revealed several foci of EMH.
在儿童中,髓外造血(EMH)是对严重慢性贫血的代偿反应,特别是在B型地中海贫血的情况下。它的定位是可变的,主要是肝脏、脾脏和神经节,但所有其他器官,包括皮肤,都可以到达。罕见的,大多数情况下无症状,EMH可表现为肿块综合征。记忆和影像学带来有利于诊断的争论,有时难以建立,不诉诸侵入性检查。由于治疗的进步,手术治疗已经变得罕见,保留在某些特殊情况下。我们报告的情况下,患者与严重B型地中海贫血,在一个脓肿的腹部肿块的外观已经揭示了几个灶EMH。
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引用次数: 0
A Report on Causes and Prevention of Cancer 癌症的起因和预防报告
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.37421/2165-7920.2021.11.1472
J. Callaghan
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引用次数: 0
Ruptured Hematosalpinx: An Unconventional Cause of Hemoperitoneum in Early Pregnancy 输卵管破裂:妊娠早期腹膜出血的一种非常规原因
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.37421/2165-7920.2021.11.1446
C. Kambasha, N. Prasad, P. Jamjute, H. Moukarram
Hemoperitoneum with an adnexal mass in reproductive age group women points to a life-threatening differential diagnosis of a ruptured ectopic pregnancy. Rarely isolated tubal pathology such tubal torsion with hematosalpinx may mimic such a picture and the diagnosis is difficult in hemodynamically compromised patients. This is a case report of isolated hematosalpinx without torsion in early pregnancy which was histologically confirmed following surgical management.
育龄妇女腹膜出血伴附件肿块,提示有生命危险的异位妊娠破裂的鉴别诊断。罕见的孤立的输卵管病理,如输卵管扭转伴输卵管积血,可能类似于这样的图像,在血流动力学受损的患者中诊断是困难的。本文报告一例妊娠早期无扭转的孤立输卵管血,经手术治疗后组织学证实。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Journal of clinical case reports
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