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Epidemiological Characteristics of Diabetic Foot and Affecting Factors for Amputation in China 中国糖尿病足的流行病学特征及截肢的影响因素
Pub Date : 2021-09-27 DOI: 10.33696/diabetes.3.043
Zhao, Zhang-rong Xu, Aihong Wang
With the increased prevalence of diabetes from 0.67% in 1980 to 11.2% in 2017, the prevalence of diabetic foot has been growing in China in recent years. Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) was one of the most serious complications of diabetes. Complicated general condition, severe infection and poor outcomes were feature characteristics of Chinese DFU patients. The annual incidence of DFU in China was as high as 8.1% in patients with diabetes, which ranked the first among the causes of chronic wounds in hospitalized patients [1-2]. And the recurrence rate of foot ulcers in healed DFU patients over 50-year-old was as high as 31.6% within one year [1].
随着糖尿病患病率从1980年的0.67%上升到2017年的11.2%,近年来中国糖尿病足的患病率一直在增长。糖尿病足溃疡(DFU)是糖尿病最严重的并发症之一。一般情况复杂、感染严重、预后差是中国DFU患者的特征。糖尿病患者DFU在中国的年发病率高达8.1%,在住院患者慢性伤口的病因中排名第一[1-2]。50岁以上DFU治愈患者一年内足部溃疡复发率高达31.6%[1]。
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引用次数: 0
Screening of Peripheral Arterial Disease in People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus – A Commentary Article 2型糖尿病患者外周动脉疾病的筛查——一篇评论文章
Pub Date : 2021-09-27 DOI: 10.33696/diabetes.3.040
Nahid Hashemi-Madani, M. Khamseh
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a prevalent form of atherosclerotic vascular disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Diagnosis and treatment of PAD is more challenging in these patients. Presence of concomitant neuropathy masks typical pain symptoms, and typical criteria for intermittent claudication are not clearly met [1]. Moreover, PAD often affects the small arteries that makes effective revascularization less successful [2]. Thus, screening and early detection of PAD are of major importance in patients with T2DM.
外周动脉疾病(PAD)是2型糖尿病(T2DM)中一种常见的动脉粥样硬化性血管疾病。PAD的诊断和治疗在这些患者中更具挑战性。伴随神经病变的存在掩盖了典型的疼痛症状,并且间歇性跛行的典型标准没有明确满足[1]。此外,PAD经常影响小动脉,使有效的血运重建不太成功[2]。因此,PAD的筛查和早期检测在T2DM患者中具有重要意义。
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引用次数: 0
Prevalence of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Osteoarthritis Patients Derived from Primary Care Records: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies. 来自初级保健记录的骨关节炎患者心血管危险因素的患病率:观察性研究的系统回顾。
Pub Date : 2021-09-27 DOI: 10.33696/diabetes.3.042
Xiaoyang Huang, Ross Wilkie, Mamas A Mamas, Dahai Yu

Background: People with osteoarthritis are at a high risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Detecting CVD risk factors in this high-risk population will help to improve CVD outcomes. Primary care electronic health records (EHRs) provide opportunities for the surveillance of CVD risk factors in the osteoarthritis population. This paper aimed to systematically review evidence of prevalence estimates of CVD risk factors in people with osteoarthritis derived from primary care EHRs.

Methods: Eight databases including MEDLINE were systematically searched till January 2019. Observational studies using primary care EHRs data to estimate the prevalence of six CVD risk factors in people with osteoarthritis were included. A narrative review was conducted to summarize study results.

Results: Six studies were identified. High heterogeneity between studies prevented the calculation of pooled estimates. One study reported the prevalence of smoking (12.5%); five reported hypertensions (range: 19.7%-55.5%); four reported obesities (range: 34.4%-51.6%); two reported dyslipidemias (6.0%, 13.3%); five reported diabetes (range: 5.2%-18.6%); and one reported chronic kidney disease (1.8%) in people with osteoarthritis. One study reported a higher prevalence of hypertension (Odds Ratio (OR) 1.25, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.19-1.32), obesity (OR 2.44, 95%CI 2.33-2.55), dyslipidemia (OR 1.24, 95%CI 1.14-1.35) and diabetes (1.11, 95%CI 1.02-1.22) in the osteoarthritis population compared with the matched non-osteoarthritis population.

Conclusions: From studies identified in this review that had used primary care EHRs, prevalence estimates of CVD risk factors were higher in people with osteoarthritis compared with those without. These estimates may provide baseline frequency of CVD risk factors in osteoarthritis patients in primary care, although this is limited by the small number of studies and high heterogeneity. Further studies of frequency, using primary care EHRs, will help to answer whether this data source can be used for evaluating approaches to manage CVD risk factors in osteoarthritis patients.

背景:骨关节炎患者是心血管疾病(CVD)的高危人群。在这些高危人群中检测心血管疾病的危险因素将有助于改善心血管疾病的预后。初级保健电子健康记录(EHRs)为骨关节炎人群中心血管疾病危险因素的监测提供了机会。本文旨在系统地回顾来自初级保健电子病历的骨关节炎患者心血管疾病危险因素患病率估计的证据。方法:系统检索MEDLINE等8个数据库至2019年1月。观察性研究使用初级保健EHRs数据来估计骨关节炎患者中6种心血管疾病危险因素的患病率。对研究结果进行了叙述性综述。结果:确定了6项研究。研究之间的高度异质性阻碍了汇总估计的计算。一项研究报告了吸烟的患病率(12.5%);高血压5例(范围:19.7%-55.5%);4例报告肥胖(范围:34.4%-51.6%);2例报告有血脂异常(6.0%,13.3%);5例报告患有糖尿病(范围:5.2%-18.6%);一份报告称患有骨关节炎的人患有慢性肾脏疾病(1.8%)。一项研究报告,与匹配的非骨关节炎人群相比,骨关节炎人群中高血压(优势比(OR) 1.25, 95%可信区间(CI) 1.19-1.32)、肥胖(OR 2.44, 95%CI 2.33-2.55)、血脂异常(OR 1.24, 95%CI 1.14-1.35)和糖尿病(1.11,95%CI 1.02-1.22)的患病率更高。结论:从本综述中确定的使用初级保健电子病历的研究中,骨关节炎患者CVD危险因素的患病率估计高于未使用的患者。这些估计可能提供初级保健骨关节炎患者心血管疾病危险因素的基线频率,尽管这受到研究数量少和异质性高的限制。使用初级保健电子病历对频率进行进一步研究,将有助于回答该数据源是否可用于评估骨关节炎患者心血管疾病危险因素管理方法。
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引用次数: 2
Lessons from My Grandmother’s Garden: Intergenerational Learning and Managing Type 2 Diabetes 祖母花园的经验教训:代际学习和2型糖尿病的管理
Pub Date : 2021-07-21 DOI: 10.33696/diabetes.3.039
J. McConatha, Melina McConatha, N. DiGregorio
Researchers suggest that grandmothers are often the invisible support helping to maintain the health and well-being of the family and community [2]. Studies have explored the important role that grandmothers play in the well-being of families over time [3]. “Learning family” is a concept focused on how family learning, between grandparents and grandchildren, can lead to mutual respect and life-long learning across the generations. During the COVID-19 pandemic, a research project in China has explored ways that family learning activities can lead to skill development for both grandparents and grandchildren [4]. Industrialization has transformed family roles, including those of grandparents. One outcome has been delocalization and a decrease in grandmother’s involvement in extended family learning [5]. During the past year, the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a growing interest in traditional sustainable practices in the home. Lockdowns provide an opportunity for informal learning practices associated with food preparation, health promotion, and illness management. While not all elders have an interest in growing food, for those who do, the knowledge and skills they may have gained in early life, can now serve to promote positive intergenerational learning experiences [6]. By adopting the role of keeper of sustainable practices in the home— such as gardening, cooking, fermenting, canning, and more—many grandmothers can take on the vital role of intergenerational teacher and mentor [7].
研究人员认为,祖母往往是帮助维持家庭和社区健康和幸福的无形支持。随着时间的推移,研究已经探索了祖母在家庭幸福中扮演的重要角色。“学习型家庭”这一概念关注的是祖父母和孙辈之间的家庭学习如何导致几代人之间的相互尊重和终身学习。在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间,中国的一个研究项目探索了家庭学习活动如何促进祖父母和孙辈的技能发展。工业化改变了家庭角色,包括祖父母的角色。其中一个结果是,祖母在大家庭学习活动中的参与程度降低。在过去的一年里,2019冠状病毒病大流行使人们对传统的可持续家庭做法越来越感兴趣。封锁为与食物准备、健康促进和疾病管理相关的非正式学习实践提供了机会。虽然不是所有的老年人都对种植粮食感兴趣,但对于那些有兴趣的人来说,他们在早年获得的知识和技能现在可以用来促进积极的代际学习经验。通过在家庭中扮演可持续实践的守护者的角色——比如园艺、烹饪、发酵、罐装等等——许多祖母可以扮演代际教师和导师的重要角色。
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引用次数: 0
CERT-Dependent Ceramide Transport, A Crucial Process in Cells 细胞中依赖cert的神经酰胺转运的关键过程
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.33696/diabetes.3.036
Cécile L. Bandet, E. Hajduch
In mammalian cells, ceramides are central lipids in sphingolipid metabolism and serve both as signaling lipids and as precursors for other bioactive sphingolipids, ranging from complex glycosphingolipids to “simpler” lipids such as ceramide-1-phosphate, sphingomyelin (SM), sphingosine and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). Ceramides are largely distributed in cell membranes where they play an important structural role. In addition, ceramides play also key roles in intracellular signaling, and regulate growth, proliferation, cell migration, apoptosis, and differentiation [1].
在哺乳动物细胞中,神经酰胺是鞘脂代谢的中枢脂质,既可以作为信号脂质,也可以作为其他生物活性鞘脂的前体,从复杂的鞘脂糖到“简单”的脂质,如神经酰胺-1-磷酸、鞘磷脂(SM)、鞘磷脂和鞘磷脂-1-磷酸(S1P)。神经酰胺主要分布在细胞膜中,在细胞膜中起着重要的结构作用。此外,神经酰胺还在细胞内信号传导中发挥关键作用,调节细胞的生长、增殖、迁移、凋亡和分化等。
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引用次数: 2
Implementation of Technology in the Follow-up of Patients with Diabetes: Is it Possible in a South American Country? 技术在糖尿病患者随访中的应用:在南美国家可行吗?
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.33696/diabetes.3.035
D. Henao
Despite better treatments and technology available in usual clinical practice, achieving a good glycemic control in patients with diabetes is challenging. In times of SARSCoV-2/COVID-19 infection, chronic diseases like diabetes have been associated with adverse outcomes [1]. Regardless of the limited information, it is known that individuals with diabetes are at risk of respiratory infections [2]. This risk can be reduced by achieving good glycemic control and for this reason, the care of patients with diabetes is a main concern.
尽管在通常的临床实践中有更好的治疗方法和技术,但在糖尿病患者中实现良好的血糖控制是具有挑战性的。在sars -2/COVID-19感染期间,糖尿病等慢性疾病与不良后果有关。尽管信息有限,但已知糖尿病患者有呼吸道感染的风险。这种风险可以通过良好的血糖控制来降低,因此,糖尿病患者的护理是一个主要问题。
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引用次数: 0
Plasma Non-Esterified Fatty Acids (NEFA) in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Evidence on Pathophysiology 血浆非酯化脂肪酸(NEFA)在2型糖尿病:病理生理学的证据
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.33696/diabetes.3.037
Kailash Chandra, V. Jain, S. Jain
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic dysfunction characterized by elevated levels of blood glucose as well as impaired lipid and protein metabolism [1,2]. The mobilization of fatty acids is augmented in insulin resistance due to the failure of lipolysis inhibition by the hormone that further augments the increase in plasma NEFA levels. This in turn, results in inflammation as well as further insulin resistance [3]. The complementation of insulin resistance with dysfunction of pancreatic islet β-cells leads to hyperglycemia. Insulin resistance may persist unnoticed for several years prior to onset of T2DM. Insulin inhibits lipolysis of stored fat in adipose tissue and gluconeogenesis in liver. It also increases the synthesis of proteins needed for the optimal cellular function, repair, growth, and stimulates the translocation of the GLUT-4 protein leading to increased transport of glucose into the muscle cells [4]. Insulin resistance is a metabolic dysfunction that is often mediated by increased inflammation.
2型糖尿病(T2DM)是一种以血糖水平升高以及脂质和蛋白质代谢受损为特征的代谢功能障碍[1,2]。脂肪酸的动员在胰岛素抵抗中增强,这是由于激素抑制脂肪分解的失败,进一步增加了血浆NEFA水平的增加。这反过来又会导致炎症和进一步的胰岛素抵抗。胰岛素抵抗与胰岛β细胞功能障碍互补导致高血糖。胰岛素抵抗可能在T2DM发病前数年未被发现。胰岛素抑制脂肪组织中储存脂肪的脂解和肝脏中的糖异生。它还增加了最佳细胞功能、修复和生长所需蛋白质的合成,并刺激GLUT-4蛋白的易位,导致葡萄糖转运到肌肉细胞[4]。胰岛素抵抗是一种代谢功能障碍,通常由炎症增加介导。
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引用次数: 1
Short Commentary on African Cuisine-Centered Insulin Therapy: Expert Opinion on the Management of Hyperglycaemia in Adult Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus 非洲以饮食为中心的胰岛素治疗:对成人2型糖尿病患者高血糖管理的专家意见
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.33696/diabetes.3.038
A. Uloko, R. Lamptey, J. Mbanya
Andrew E. Uloko1*, Roberta Lamptey2, Jean Claude Mbanya3 1Department of Medicine, Bayero University Kano / Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria 2Department of Family Medicine, Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana 3Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Metabolism, Biotechnology Center, and Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé, Yaoundé, Cameroon
Andrew E. Uloko1*, Roberta Lamptey2, Jean Claude Mbanya3 1尼日利亚卡诺巴耶罗大学/ Aminu Kano教学医院医学部2加纳阿克拉大学Korle Bu教学医院家庭医学部3喀麦隆雅温得大学分子医学与代谢生物技术中心实验室,医学与生物医学科学学院内科与专科学系
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引用次数: 0
Continuing Medical Education Rarely Addresses Leading Public Health Problems Including Diabetes and Obesity 继续医学教育很少解决包括糖尿病和肥胖在内的主要公共卫生问题
Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.33696/DIABETES.1.027
Nicholas A Berry, Nicole Fumo, Bruce B. Berry
Medical schools sponsor continuing medical education (CME) to help fulfill their mission of improving the health of the community. CME programs can help physicians stay up-to-date with the best practices associated with disease prevention and treatment. According to the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME) there were 1.2 Million (M) hours of accredited CME courses offered in 2018 at a cost of 2.8 Billion (B) dollars, with medical schools receiving $367 M in CME revenue [1]. CME topic offerings are determined by the sponsoring entity and physicians choose which courses they wish to attend.
医学院赞助继续医学教育(CME),以帮助履行其改善社区健康的使命。CME项目可以帮助医生了解与疾病预防和治疗相关的最佳实践。根据继续医学教育认证委员会(ACCME)的数据,2018年提供了120万小时的认证继续医学教育课程,耗资28亿美元,医学院获得了3.67亿美元的继续医学教育收入[1]。CME课程由赞助实体决定,医生选择他们希望参加的课程。
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引用次数: 0
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown Measures on Diabetic Retinopathy Services in the East Kent Area of the United Kingdom - A Special Focus on the Pregnant Diabetic 新冠肺炎大流行封锁措施对英国东肯特地区糖尿病视网膜病变服务的影响-特别关注妊娠糖尿病患者
Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.33696/DIABETES.1.022
Alamin Alkundi, R. Momoh
75 The COVID-19 pandemic has shaped activities across almost all human endeavours. Changes are still ongoing to accommodate all the challenges it poses. The healthcare sector, working closely with governments of nations and regulatory agencies, has helped to control the impact of this highly contagious virus. The shutdown of nonessential services has been employed in many countries to reduce the burden of infection rates and deaths recorded from the COVID-19 viral infection.
75 . COVID-19大流行影响了几乎所有人类活动。变化仍在进行中,以适应它带来的所有挑战。卫生保健部门与各国政府和监管机构密切合作,帮助控制了这种高度传染性病毒的影响。许多国家采取了关闭非基本服务的措施,以减轻COVID-19病毒感染造成的感染率和死亡率负担。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of diabetes and clinical research
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