Pub Date : 2017-06-01Epub Date: 2017-06-26DOI: 10.1515/acve-2017-0013
Melanie Abongwa, Richard J Martin, Alan P Robertson
Anthelmintics are some of the most widely used drugs in veterinary medicine. Here we review the mechanism of action of these compounds on nematode parasites. Included are the older classes of compounds; the benzimidazoles, cholinergic agonists and macrocyclic lactones. We also consider newer anthelmintics, including emodepside, derquantel and tribendimidine. In the absence of vaccines for most parasite species, control of nematode parasites will continue to rely on anthelmintic drugs. As a consequence, vigilance in detecting drug resistance in parasite populations is required. Since resistance development appears almost inevitable, there is a continued and pressing need to fully understand the mode of action of these compounds. It is also necessary to identify new drug targets and drugs for the continued effective control of nematode parasites.
{"title":"A BRIEF REVIEW ON THE MODE OF ACTION OF ANTINEMATODAL DRUGS.","authors":"Melanie Abongwa, Richard J Martin, Alan P Robertson","doi":"10.1515/acve-2017-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/acve-2017-0013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anthelmintics are some of the most widely used drugs in veterinary medicine. Here we review the mechanism of action of these compounds on nematode parasites. Included are the older classes of compounds; the benzimidazoles, cholinergic agonists and macrocyclic lactones. We also consider newer anthelmintics, including emodepside, derquantel and tribendimidine. In the absence of vaccines for most parasite species, control of nematode parasites will continue to rely on anthelmintic drugs. As a consequence, vigilance in detecting drug resistance in parasite populations is required. Since resistance development appears almost inevitable, there is a continued and pressing need to fully understand the mode of action of these compounds. It is also necessary to identify new drug targets and drugs for the continued effective control of nematode parasites.</p>","PeriodicalId":7379,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria","volume":"67 2","pages":"137-152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/acve-2017-0013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35806045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The objective of this study was to evaluate the adaptability of young Japanese quail chicks to the simulated weightlessness, represented by hypodynamy. Unsexed hatchlings were subjected to hypodynamy on either the first, second or third day of age and reared under these conditions to 21 days of age. During this period, the control quail chicks were housed in a floor box. The effect of hypodynamy on adaptability of chicks was significant (P < 0.001). Approximately 75% of all chicks exposed to hypodynamy were not able to adapt in three experimental groups, although significant differences in adaptability were not found between these groups. Those birds were considered as non-adapted (eliminated from experiment) that manifested hyperactivity, escape attempts, turning 180 degrees in the sling, soaking in the water from the drinker, as well as the total apathy, at least three times per day. This experiment confirmed that some quail chicks are capable of adapting to conditions simulating weightlessness to 21 days of age and that the first 2-weeks after hatching may be a critical period of quail sensitivity to hypodynamy. This finding raises a key issue relevant to rearing quails in simulated weightlessness until the age of sexual maturity.
{"title":"Adaptability of Japanese quail chicks to conditions of simulated weightlessness.","authors":"P Skrobanek, M Hrancova","doi":"10.2754/avb200372030347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2754/avb200372030347","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of this study was to evaluate the adaptability of young Japanese quail chicks to the simulated weightlessness, represented by hypodynamy. Unsexed hatchlings were subjected to hypodynamy on either the first, second or third day of age and reared under these conditions to 21 days of age. During this period, the control quail chicks were housed in a floor box. The effect of hypodynamy on adaptability of chicks was significant (P < 0.001). Approximately 75% of all chicks exposed to hypodynamy were not able to adapt in three experimental groups, although significant differences in adaptability were not found between these groups. Those birds were considered as non-adapted (eliminated from experiment) that manifested hyperactivity, escape attempts, turning 180 degrees in the sling, soaking in the water from the drinker, as well as the total apathy, at least three times per day. This experiment confirmed that some quail chicks are capable of adapting to conditions simulating weightlessness to 21 days of age and that the first 2-weeks after hatching may be a critical period of quail sensitivity to hypodynamy. This finding raises a key issue relevant to rearing quails in simulated weightlessness until the age of sexual maturity.</p>","PeriodicalId":7379,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria","volume":"72 3","pages":"347-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24087111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L Lenhardt, V Cigankova, M Zibrin, J Kocisova, I Tomkova, V Sabo, K Boda, O A Dadasheva, T S Gurieva, S Mozes
The effect of microgravity on functional development of the small intestine of Japanese quails incubated for 2-3 d and hatched on the orbital station MIR was examined. After 5 d of space flight duodenal and jejunal alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity of the experimental group was compared with the AP activity in quails of the same age hatched on the Earth (laboratory controls). Short-term microgravity leading to decreased food intake resulted in significant increase of AP activity in both duodenal and jejunal enterocytes (P<0.001) of the experimental quails. The results suggest that increased AP activity probably reflects the delayed functional development of the small intestine as a consequence of inappropriate food intake during non-physiological conditions of space flight.
{"title":"Functional development of small intestine of Japanese quail hatched on MIR orbital station.","authors":"L Lenhardt, V Cigankova, M Zibrin, J Kocisova, I Tomkova, V Sabo, K Boda, O A Dadasheva, T S Gurieva, S Mozes","doi":"10.2754/avb200170020127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2754/avb200170020127","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effect of microgravity on functional development of the small intestine of Japanese quails incubated for 2-3 d and hatched on the orbital station MIR was examined. After 5 d of space flight duodenal and jejunal alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity of the experimental group was compared with the AP activity in quails of the same age hatched on the Earth (laboratory controls). Short-term microgravity leading to decreased food intake resulted in significant increase of AP activity in both duodenal and jejunal enterocytes (P<0.001) of the experimental quails. The results suggest that increased AP activity probably reflects the delayed functional development of the small intestine as a consequence of inappropriate food intake during non-physiological conditions of space flight.</p>","PeriodicalId":7379,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria","volume":"70 2","pages":"127-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22437316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S Milosavljević, V Miljković, B Sovljanski, J Vujosević, G Mrvos, B Radović, G Trbojević
{"title":"Number and weight of living and dead embryos according to the order of position in the uterine horns of pregnant gilts.","authors":"S Milosavljević, V Miljković, B Sovljanski, J Vujosević, G Mrvos, B Radović, G Trbojević","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7379,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria","volume":"23 5","pages":"247-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1973-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15900019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S Milosavljević, V Miljković, B Sovljanski, J Vujosević, G Mrvos, G Trbojević, B Radović
{"title":"Dependence of embryonal mortality and embryo weight on the number of egg cells produced in swine.","authors":"S Milosavljević, V Miljković, B Sovljanski, J Vujosević, G Mrvos, G Trbojević, B Radović","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7379,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria","volume":"23 6","pages":"269-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1973-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15900020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The effect of vitamin A supplementation on reproduction in gilts.","authors":"N Sevković, I Rajić, M Petrić, L Basarić-Dinić","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7379,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria","volume":"23 5","pages":"241-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1973-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15900018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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