Pub Date : 2021-05-31DOI: 10.11648/J.AAP.20210601.14
S. Eid, O. Ahmed-Farid, H. M. El-Zaher, M. Shabaan
The experiment goal was the investigation of thyme (T), celery (C) and salinomycin effects on immune response, neurotransmitters related to milk production in Barki ewes. Total 72 mature ewes (2-3 years & 40±1.5 Kg BW) randomly pined equally into five groups. Group-1 was control; groups 2 & 3 received 20g/head/day T and C, respectively. Group-4 received 10g T+ 10g C/head/day, group-5 treated with salinomycin 1g/head/day. Samples collected during 2nd, 3rd trimester of pregnancy and on delivery day (DD); milk yield assessed on 15, 30 and 45-day postpartum. T and/or C and salinomycin increased (P 0.05). During late pregnancy 5-HT, DA, NE & Trp increased (P<0.05) in the thyme and/or celery group. While on DD salinomycin increased neurotransmitters (P<0.05) with an insignificant increase in other groups. Milk yield increased (P<0.05) during 15, 30 and 45 days postpartum in T and/or C groups than control and salinomycin. In conclusion, the applied treatments had a significant effect on reproductive performance, immune response in ewes throughout pregnancy and DD periods, and milk production during the postpartum period.
本实验旨在探讨百里香(T)、芹菜(C)和盐霉素对巴尔基母羊免疫反应和产奶量相关神经递质的影响。72只成熟母羊(2 ~ 3岁，体重40±1.5 Kg)随机分为5组。第一组为对照组;2组和3组分别给予20g/头/天的T和C。4组给予T 10g + C 10g /头/天，5组给予盐霉素1g/头/天。在妊娠第2、3个月和分娩当天采集的样本;在产后15、30和45天评估产奶量。T和/或C和盐霉素升高(p0.05)。妊娠后期，百里香和/或芹菜组5-HT、DA、NE和Trp升高(P<0.05)。而在DD组，盐霉素增加了神经递质(P<0.05)，其他组的增加不显著。T组和/或C组产奶量在产后15、30和45 d显著高于对照组和盐霉素组(P<0.05)。综上所述，各处理对母羊妊娠期和DD期的繁殖性能、免疫应答以及产后产奶量均有显著影响。
{"title":"Thyme, Celery and Salinomycin Implication on Antioxidant Capacity and Neurotransmitters Related to Milk Production in Pregnant Barki Ewes","authors":"S. Eid, O. Ahmed-Farid, H. M. El-Zaher, M. Shabaan","doi":"10.11648/J.AAP.20210601.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AAP.20210601.14","url":null,"abstract":"The experiment goal was the investigation of thyme (T), celery (C) and salinomycin effects on immune response, neurotransmitters related to milk production in Barki ewes. Total 72 mature ewes (2-3 years & 40±1.5 Kg BW) randomly pined equally into five groups. Group-1 was control; groups 2 & 3 received 20g/head/day T and C, respectively. Group-4 received 10g T+ 10g C/head/day, group-5 treated with salinomycin 1g/head/day. Samples collected during 2nd, 3rd trimester of pregnancy and on delivery day (DD); milk yield assessed on 15, 30 and 45-day postpartum. T and/or C and salinomycin increased (P 0.05). During late pregnancy 5-HT, DA, NE & Trp increased (P<0.05) in the thyme and/or celery group. While on DD salinomycin increased neurotransmitters (P<0.05) with an insignificant increase in other groups. Milk yield increased (P<0.05) during 15, 30 and 45 days postpartum in T and/or C groups than control and salinomycin. In conclusion, the applied treatments had a significant effect on reproductive performance, immune response in ewes throughout pregnancy and DD periods, and milk production during the postpartum period.","PeriodicalId":7392,"journal":{"name":"Accident Analysis & Prevention","volume":"256 1","pages":"23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77535459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-14DOI: 10.11648/J.AAP.20210601.13
A. Gad, S. Emara, S. Eid, H. El-Zaher
The objective for our work was to estimate the milk yield and blood biochemical constituents of and weight daily gain of calves recently born from imported cows under hot summer conditions in Egypt. Thirty late- pregnant cows, aged 22-24 months, chosen randomly were used in this study. Experiment was carried out during the period from third stage of pregnancy and continued to 8 weeks postpartum. Imported late-pregnant cows divided into three groups, each group was 10 cows. 1st group was Brown Swiss (BS) cows, 2nd group was Simmental (S) cows and 3rd group was Holstein (H). Results showed that H cows have a lowest rectal temperature (RT) and respiration rate (RR) in compare with BS and S cows. Results showed that H cows have a highest daily milk yield while S cows have lowest values. BS and H cows have significantly higher total protein, albumin and urea concentrations than S cows. While, globulin and glucose concentrations were significantly higher in BS than its concentrations in S and H cows, respectively. Total cholesterol, phospholipids and creatinine concentrations showed the lowest values in BS cows as compare with S and H cows. Otherwise, BS cows have the highest triglycerides concentration as compare with H and S cows. About liver function showed the highest activity for AST in S cows and for ALT in H cows as compared of other groups. BS cows have significantly higher T4 and Estradiol17β levels than its levels in S and H cows, respectively. Birth weight of newborn both male and female calves as well as daily body weight gain of calves produced from the three imported cows were not differs Significantly. Two months weight of calves produced from S cows was significantly higher than BS and H cows, respectively. In conclusion, the three imported breed cows appears good resistance to heat stress effects under hot summer conditions in Egypt with extremely resistance for H cows.
{"title":"Studying Resistance of Some Dairy Cattle Breeds to Heat Stress in Relation to Milk Yield","authors":"A. Gad, S. Emara, S. Eid, H. El-Zaher","doi":"10.11648/J.AAP.20210601.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AAP.20210601.13","url":null,"abstract":"The objective for our work was to estimate the milk yield and blood biochemical constituents of and weight daily gain of calves recently born from imported cows under hot summer conditions in Egypt. Thirty late- pregnant cows, aged 22-24 months, chosen randomly were used in this study. Experiment was carried out during the period from third stage of pregnancy and continued to 8 weeks postpartum. Imported late-pregnant cows divided into three groups, each group was 10 cows. 1st group was Brown Swiss (BS) cows, 2nd group was Simmental (S) cows and 3rd group was Holstein (H). Results showed that H cows have a lowest rectal temperature (RT) and respiration rate (RR) in compare with BS and S cows. Results showed that H cows have a highest daily milk yield while S cows have lowest values. BS and H cows have significantly higher total protein, albumin and urea concentrations than S cows. While, globulin and glucose concentrations were significantly higher in BS than its concentrations in S and H cows, respectively. Total cholesterol, phospholipids and creatinine concentrations showed the lowest values in BS cows as compare with S and H cows. Otherwise, BS cows have the highest triglycerides concentration as compare with H and S cows. About liver function showed the highest activity for AST in S cows and for ALT in H cows as compared of other groups. BS cows have significantly higher T4 and Estradiol17β levels than its levels in S and H cows, respectively. Birth weight of newborn both male and female calves as well as daily body weight gain of calves produced from the three imported cows were not differs Significantly. Two months weight of calves produced from S cows was significantly higher than BS and H cows, respectively. In conclusion, the three imported breed cows appears good resistance to heat stress effects under hot summer conditions in Egypt with extremely resistance for H cows.","PeriodicalId":7392,"journal":{"name":"Accident Analysis & Prevention","volume":"36 1","pages":"14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74739327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The model of viewing scan path formation to search for quantitative parameters of scan path type is presented. In computer simulations, it was revealed that the structure of artificial scan path (focal or spatial ones) significantly (p<0,05) correlates with the number of return fixations of input window on recently viewed image areas. It was revealed that with the decrease of the coefficient of IOR, the model in most cases forms trajectories of focal type. On the contrary, as the coefficient of the IOR increases, model spatial type trajectories dominated. In addition to differences in the number of return fixations of the input window of the model between focal and spatial trajectories, a trend of differences between the two types of model trajectories in the amplitude of window jumps was found. The model assumption about the possibility of a quantitative characteristic of the trajectory structure based on return fixations is confirmed at processing the results of psychophysical tests of free viewing and search for modified fragments of complex images. It was shown that the number of gaze return fixations is significantly (p<0,05) higher in tests of free image viewing compared to search tests. The results obtained allow us to consider the probability of return fixations as a quantitative criterion to determine of scan path type.
{"title":"Search for Quantitative Parameters of Scan Path of Image Viewing by Biologically Motivated Model","authors":"Shaposhnikov Dmitry, Podladchikova Lubov, Lazurenko Dmitry, Kiroy Valery","doi":"10.11648/J.AAP.20210601.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AAP.20210601.12","url":null,"abstract":"The model of viewing scan path formation to search for quantitative parameters of scan path type is presented. In computer simulations, it was revealed that the structure of artificial scan path (focal or spatial ones) significantly (p<0,05) correlates with the number of return fixations of input window on recently viewed image areas. It was revealed that with the decrease of the coefficient of IOR, the model in most cases forms trajectories of focal type. On the contrary, as the coefficient of the IOR increases, model spatial type trajectories dominated. In addition to differences in the number of return fixations of the input window of the model between focal and spatial trajectories, a trend of differences between the two types of model trajectories in the amplitude of window jumps was found. The model assumption about the possibility of a quantitative characteristic of the trajectory structure based on return fixations is confirmed at processing the results of psychophysical tests of free viewing and search for modified fragments of complex images. It was shown that the number of gaze return fixations is significantly (p<0,05) higher in tests of free image viewing compared to search tests. The results obtained allow us to consider the probability of return fixations as a quantitative criterion to determine of scan path type.","PeriodicalId":7392,"journal":{"name":"Accident Analysis & Prevention","volume":"146 1","pages":"9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80542835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.11648/J.AAP.20200502.18
Margarita Stefanovich
A cochlear implant (CI) helps a person with auditory receptor pathology restore the ability to hear and understand speech. The partial loss of the information about the frequency and loudness of the audio signal is the main difference from the natural sound perception. CIs of various types differ in the number of stimulated electrodes: 12, 16, 20, or 22. The quality of speech perception is significantly improved by increasing the number of stimulated electrodes from 4 to 7 and almost does not change with a further increase in the number of electrodes from 8 to 22. When speech is perceived in all types of CI, 3 to 6 adjacent electrodes are usually stimulated simultaneously. When a single electrode is stimulated, the CI user hears a sound with a single pitch. When two adjacent electrodes E(n) and E(n+1) are simultaneously stimulated, a virtual frequency channel (VFC) is formed, and the CI user hears a sound with an intermediate pitch {Z(n)+Z(n+1)}/2, provided that the adjacent electrodes on the right and left are not stimulated. When three or more adjacent electrodes are simultaneously stimulated, the CI user hears a sound with the same pitch, which depends on the distance from the electrode with the largest amplitude of stimulating pulses to the apex of the cochlea. There was no suggestion as to why the quality of speech perception does not improve when the number of electrodes increases from 8 to 22 in the scientific literature for the period from 1997 to 2019. This article proposes a method for adjusting the mode electrodes stimulation, which creates conditions for the formation of virtual frequency channels. The CI user will be able to hear a greater number of sounds of various pitch. A method for correcting the algorithm for controlling the stimulation of electrodes, which can be used in any type of CI, is proposed.
{"title":"A Possible Way to Improve the Quality of Speech Perception by Increasing the Number of Electrodes in a Cochlear Implant from 8 to 22","authors":"Margarita Stefanovich","doi":"10.11648/J.AAP.20200502.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AAP.20200502.18","url":null,"abstract":"A cochlear implant (CI) helps a person with auditory receptor pathology restore the ability to hear and understand speech. The partial loss of the information about the frequency and loudness of the audio signal is the main difference from the natural sound perception. CIs of various types differ in the number of stimulated electrodes: 12, 16, 20, or 22. The quality of speech perception is significantly improved by increasing the number of stimulated electrodes from 4 to 7 and almost does not change with a further increase in the number of electrodes from 8 to 22. When speech is perceived in all types of CI, 3 to 6 adjacent electrodes are usually stimulated simultaneously. When a single electrode is stimulated, the CI user hears a sound with a single pitch. When two adjacent electrodes E(n) and E(n+1) are simultaneously stimulated, a virtual frequency channel (VFC) is formed, and the CI user hears a sound with an intermediate pitch {Z(n)+Z(n+1)}/2, provided that the adjacent electrodes on the right and left are not stimulated. When three or more adjacent electrodes are simultaneously stimulated, the CI user hears a sound with the same pitch, which depends on the distance from the electrode with the largest amplitude of stimulating pulses to the apex of the cochlea. There was no suggestion as to why the quality of speech perception does not improve when the number of electrodes increases from 8 to 22 in the scientific literature for the period from 1997 to 2019. This article proposes a method for adjusting the mode electrodes stimulation, which creates conditions for the formation of virtual frequency channels. The CI user will be able to hear a greater number of sounds of various pitch. A method for correcting the algorithm for controlling the stimulation of electrodes, which can be used in any type of CI, is proposed.","PeriodicalId":7392,"journal":{"name":"Accident Analysis & Prevention","volume":"15 1","pages":"58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72908504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-21DOI: 10.11648/J.AAP.20200502.15
A. A. El-Tarabany, O. Ahmed-Farid, S. Emara, M. S. El-Tarabany
The aim was to study the possible effects of royal jelly (RJ) supplementation on milk fat content and fatty acids (FA) profile of ewes during the early stage of lactation. Randomly, thirty-six Ossimi ewes were divided into two groups (18 animals each). The first group was offered the basal diet which was considered as a control group, whereas the second group was fed the basal diet, in addition to a supplement of a single bolus of RJ (1000 mg/head) every two days as a treated group. Regardless the effect of time, the RJ-supplemented group recorded a non-significant increase in daily milk yield (1.22 kg) when compared with the control (1.08 kg) group (P<0.063). While, the RJ-supplemented ewes showed significantly increase in milk fat percentage (P<0.008) as compared to control group. Lactating ewes in the control group produced significantly higher contents of milk C14:0 (P<0.036) and C18:0 (P<0.027) saturated FA than that in the RJ group. However, the contents of milk C6:0 and C17:0 in the RJ group were significantly greater than that estimated in the control (P<0.050 and 0.041, respectively). Furthermore, Lactating ewes supplemented with RJ produced significantly higher contents of milk C16:1 (P<0.001), C18:1 (P<0.001) and C18:2 (P<0.046) unsaturated FA than the control group. It can be concluded that supplementation of ewes during the early stage of lactation with RJ can improve the nutritive value of milk fat, and appears to be an opportunity to modify the concentrations of certain milk fatty acids.
{"title":"Impact of Royal Jelly Supplement on Ewe's Milk Fat Content and Fatty Acid Profile During the Early Stage of Lactation","authors":"A. A. El-Tarabany, O. Ahmed-Farid, S. Emara, M. S. El-Tarabany","doi":"10.11648/J.AAP.20200502.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AAP.20200502.15","url":null,"abstract":"The aim was to study the possible effects of royal jelly (RJ) supplementation on milk fat content and fatty acids (FA) profile of ewes during the early stage of lactation. Randomly, thirty-six Ossimi ewes were divided into two groups (18 animals each). The first group was offered the basal diet which was considered as a control group, whereas the second group was fed the basal diet, in addition to a supplement of a single bolus of RJ (1000 mg/head) every two days as a treated group. Regardless the effect of time, the RJ-supplemented group recorded a non-significant increase in daily milk yield (1.22 kg) when compared with the control (1.08 kg) group (P<0.063). While, the RJ-supplemented ewes showed significantly increase in milk fat percentage (P<0.008) as compared to control group. Lactating ewes in the control group produced significantly higher contents of milk C14:0 (P<0.036) and C18:0 (P<0.027) saturated FA than that in the RJ group. However, the contents of milk C6:0 and C17:0 in the RJ group were significantly greater than that estimated in the control (P<0.050 and 0.041, respectively). Furthermore, Lactating ewes supplemented with RJ produced significantly higher contents of milk C16:1 (P<0.001), C18:1 (P<0.001) and C18:2 (P<0.046) unsaturated FA than the control group. It can be concluded that supplementation of ewes during the early stage of lactation with RJ can improve the nutritive value of milk fat, and appears to be an opportunity to modify the concentrations of certain milk fatty acids.","PeriodicalId":7392,"journal":{"name":"Accident Analysis & Prevention","volume":"28 1","pages":"37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90717967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-04DOI: 10.11648/J.AAP.20200502.12
Tory A. Edwards, R. Belasco, Alfonso Joaquin Munoz, V. Rayo, M. Buono
Purpose: To investigate the validity of urine color as a metric of hydration status using CIE L*a*b* color space, as compared to the commonly used subjective 8-point scale. Methods: A total of 151 urine samples were collected from subjects (N=28) in various states of hydration. Urine osmolality and urine specific gravity (USG) were measured in each sample. Urine color was assessed by the subjective 8-point urine color scale and quantified using CIE L*a*b* color space. RESULTS: The correlation between the CIE b*-value and urine osmolality (rs=0.89) was determined to be significantly (p=0.004) greater than the correlation between the subjective 8-point urine color scale and urine osmolality (rs=0.85). The correlation between the CIE b*-value and USG (rs=0.90) was also determined to be significantly (p < 0.001) greater than the correlation between the urine color chart and USG (rs=0.84). Lastly, the correlation between urine color as determined by the 8-point subjective urine color chart and the CIE b*-value had a strong relationship (rs=0.92). Conclusions: The correlations of the quantitative CIE b*-value with urine osmolality and USG were significantly greater than the correlations with the 8-point subjective urine color scale. This suggests that a quantitative measurement of urine color via spectrophotometry is a better measure for assessing hydration status vs. subjective determination of urine color. The results of the current study raise the possibility of spectrophotometry as an additional non-invasive method of determining hydration status.
{"title":"Subjective vs. Objective Urine Color: Effect of Hydration Status","authors":"Tory A. Edwards, R. Belasco, Alfonso Joaquin Munoz, V. Rayo, M. Buono","doi":"10.11648/J.AAP.20200502.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AAP.20200502.12","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To investigate the validity of urine color as a metric of hydration status using CIE L*a*b* color space, as compared to the commonly used subjective 8-point scale. Methods: A total of 151 urine samples were collected from subjects (N=28) in various states of hydration. Urine osmolality and urine specific gravity (USG) were measured in each sample. Urine color was assessed by the subjective 8-point urine color scale and quantified using CIE L*a*b* color space. RESULTS: The correlation between the CIE b*-value and urine osmolality (rs=0.89) was determined to be significantly (p=0.004) greater than the correlation between the subjective 8-point urine color scale and urine osmolality (rs=0.85). The correlation between the CIE b*-value and USG (rs=0.90) was also determined to be significantly (p < 0.001) greater than the correlation between the urine color chart and USG (rs=0.84). Lastly, the correlation between urine color as determined by the 8-point subjective urine color chart and the CIE b*-value had a strong relationship (rs=0.92). Conclusions: The correlations of the quantitative CIE b*-value with urine osmolality and USG were significantly greater than the correlations with the 8-point subjective urine color scale. This suggests that a quantitative measurement of urine color via spectrophotometry is a better measure for assessing hydration status vs. subjective determination of urine color. The results of the current study raise the possibility of spectrophotometry as an additional non-invasive method of determining hydration status.","PeriodicalId":7392,"journal":{"name":"Accident Analysis & Prevention","volume":"78 1","pages":"19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84656496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-14DOI: 10.11648/J.AAP.20200502.11
S. Mitra, Mousumi Mitra, M. Saha, D. Nandi
Stress generally occurs due to the organism’s non-specific response against some kind of demand imposed on them. The compensatory responses to these stresses are known as stress response. The stressful stimuli can advance the physiological and psychological effects on the body which includes executive functions of the brain. The prefrontal cortex shows an important connection between the circuits that are linked with emotions, memory and planning. Due to this activation of stressful condition or situation damage occurs in the prefrontal cortex because of the catecholaminergic nature of its innervating afferents in the other parts of the brain. Along with hippocampus, the amygdala and prefrontal cortex define the aspects of memory and visual processing within brain. The decrease in PNS and GABAergic activity that causes stress related disorders can be corrected by yoga practice resulting in amelioration of disease system in the brain such as reduction in anxiety and improvement in cognitive function. Depression, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) that are elevated by stress shows low heart rate variability (HRV) and GABAergic activity which can be improved in response to yoga based interventions. Yoga practices show increase in the proportion of gray matter and escalation in activation of amygdala and frontal cortex of the brain. It was concluded that breathing, meditation and posture based yoga increased overall brain function and activity.
{"title":"Beneficial Effects of Yoga on Memory and Cognition Associated to Stress","authors":"S. Mitra, Mousumi Mitra, M. Saha, D. Nandi","doi":"10.11648/J.AAP.20200502.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AAP.20200502.11","url":null,"abstract":"Stress generally occurs due to the organism’s non-specific response against some kind of demand imposed on them. The compensatory responses to these stresses are known as stress response. The stressful stimuli can advance the physiological and psychological effects on the body which includes executive functions of the brain. The prefrontal cortex shows an important connection between the circuits that are linked with emotions, memory and planning. Due to this activation of stressful condition or situation damage occurs in the prefrontal cortex because of the catecholaminergic nature of its innervating afferents in the other parts of the brain. Along with hippocampus, the amygdala and prefrontal cortex define the aspects of memory and visual processing within brain. The decrease in PNS and GABAergic activity that causes stress related disorders can be corrected by yoga practice resulting in amelioration of disease system in the brain such as reduction in anxiety and improvement in cognitive function. Depression, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) that are elevated by stress shows low heart rate variability (HRV) and GABAergic activity which can be improved in response to yoga based interventions. Yoga practices show increase in the proportion of gray matter and escalation in activation of amygdala and frontal cortex of the brain. It was concluded that breathing, meditation and posture based yoga increased overall brain function and activity.","PeriodicalId":7392,"journal":{"name":"Accident Analysis & Prevention","volume":"51 1","pages":"12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84009622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The effect of blue and red light on the activity of catalase and ascorbate peroxidase, the content of proteins and soluble carbohydrates in the leaves of wheat varieties under the action of sodium chloride was investigated. The objects of the research were bread wheat Saratovskaya-29 (Triticum aestivum L.) and durum wheat Barakatli-95 (Triticum durum Desf.). Plants were grown in laboratory conditions in an aqueous medium using a Knoop nutrient medium. Experimental plants were coated with transparent films transmitting light at wavelengths of 420-480 nm (blue light) and 640-680 nm (red light). During the growing season, samples of fully formed leaves were taken for physiological and biochemical studies every week at 11 a. m. Under the action of sodium chloride, the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide in white light was higher than in blue and red light. Low catalase activity also observed in blue and red light under the action of sodium chloride in both varieties. In the bread wheat variety Saratovskaya -29 the level of hydrogen peroxide, the activity of catalase and ascorbate peroxidase enzymes were lower than those of the Barakatli-95 durum wheat variety. Blue light stimulated the synthesis of proteins, while red light stimulated the synthesis of carbohydrates. Blue and red light prevented the formation of H2O2 under the action of NaCl.
研究了蓝光和红光对氯化钠作用下小麦品种叶片过氧化氢酶和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶活性、蛋白质和可溶性碳水化合物含量的影响。以面包小麦Saratovskaya-29 (Triticum aestivum L.)和硬粒小麦Barakatli-95 (Triticum durum Desf.)为研究对象。植物在实验室条件下使用努普营养培养基在水培养基中生长。实验植物涂上透明薄膜，透射波长为420-480 nm(蓝光)和640-680 nm(红光)。在生长季节，每周上午11点采集完全成形叶片进行生理生化研究。在氯化钠作用下，白光下过氧化氢的积累量高于蓝光和红光。在氯化钠作用下，两个品种在蓝光和红光下过氧化氢酶活性均较低。面包小麦品种Saratovskaya -29的过氧化氢水平、过氧化氢酶和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶活性低于Barakatli-95硬粒小麦品种。蓝光刺激蛋白质的合成，红光刺激碳水化合物的合成。蓝光和红光抑制了NaCl作用下H2O2的生成。
{"title":"Impact of Blue and Red Light on Wheat Leaves","authors":"Azizov Ibrahim Vahab, Gasymova Fazile Imtu, Ibrahimova Ulker Faik, Tagiyeva Kenul Rafik, Abdullayeva Asmar Bahruz","doi":"10.11648/J.AAP.20200501.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AAP.20200501.12","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of blue and red light on the activity of catalase and ascorbate peroxidase, the content of proteins and soluble carbohydrates in the leaves of wheat varieties under the action of sodium chloride was investigated. The objects of the research were bread wheat Saratovskaya-29 (Triticum aestivum L.) and durum wheat Barakatli-95 (Triticum durum Desf.). Plants were grown in laboratory conditions in an aqueous medium using a Knoop nutrient medium. Experimental plants were coated with transparent films transmitting light at wavelengths of 420-480 nm (blue light) and 640-680 nm (red light). During the growing season, samples of fully formed leaves were taken for physiological and biochemical studies every week at 11 a. m. Under the action of sodium chloride, the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide in white light was higher than in blue and red light. Low catalase activity also observed in blue and red light under the action of sodium chloride in both varieties. In the bread wheat variety Saratovskaya -29 the level of hydrogen peroxide, the activity of catalase and ascorbate peroxidase enzymes were lower than those of the Barakatli-95 durum wheat variety. Blue light stimulated the synthesis of proteins, while red light stimulated the synthesis of carbohydrates. Blue and red light prevented the formation of H2O2 under the action of NaCl.","PeriodicalId":7392,"journal":{"name":"Accident Analysis & Prevention","volume":"11 1","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73636631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-14DOI: 10.11648/J.AAP.20200501.11
N. Obidike, Ebite Lilian Ozokor, O. Irikefe, Gbagbeke Kelvin Obakore, Kelechi Keneth Anachuna
To understand the treatment of malaria, it is important to understand the effect of the administration of specific anti-malarials on various physiological variables. Current study investigated the effect (s) of the anti-malarial, coartem and co-administration of the antioxidant, Vitamin E on the levels of Luteinising and Follicle Stimulating Hormones [LH and FSH] of malaria parasite infected mice. Twenty-eight (28) adult mice were obtained, acclimatized for two (2) weeks and randomly selected into four (4) groups of seven (7) rats per group. Group 1 (Control) received standard mice diet and water ad libitum, while group 2 mice were infected with malaria (Plasmodium berghei) and left untreated. Groups 3 and 4 were inoculated with malaria (Plasmodium berghei); then treated with coartem and coartem + vitamin E respectively. After three (3) weeks of administration of test substance, the mice blood samples were obtained from mice (for each group) and assayed for serum FSH and LH levels. Statistical comparison was then conducted (using the student t-test) against those of control group to ascertain the effects of the changes due to coartem and/or antioxidant vitamin E co-administration to plasmodium berghei infected mice. Study found a statistically significant increase in serum LH levels of male mice after inoculation with plasmodium berghei. This decrease was noticed more even with coartem and antioxidant vitamin E co-administration, implicative of a possible effect in fecundity levels of infected male mice. The level of FSH was significantly increased in infected mice, but however showed a reversal following treatment with coartem and/or antioxidant vitamin E. The effects on reproductive hormones seen here may mirror the effects in man. More studies are needed to elucidate that.
{"title":"Malaria Parasitaemia and Changes in Follicle Stimulating Hormone and Luteinizing Hormone Levels of Adult Mice","authors":"N. Obidike, Ebite Lilian Ozokor, O. Irikefe, Gbagbeke Kelvin Obakore, Kelechi Keneth Anachuna","doi":"10.11648/J.AAP.20200501.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AAP.20200501.11","url":null,"abstract":"To understand the treatment of malaria, it is important to understand the effect of the administration of specific anti-malarials on various physiological variables. Current study investigated the effect (s) of the anti-malarial, coartem and co-administration of the antioxidant, Vitamin E on the levels of Luteinising and Follicle Stimulating Hormones [LH and FSH] of malaria parasite infected mice. Twenty-eight (28) adult mice were obtained, acclimatized for two (2) weeks and randomly selected into four (4) groups of seven (7) rats per group. Group 1 (Control) received standard mice diet and water ad libitum, while group 2 mice were infected with malaria (Plasmodium berghei) and left untreated. Groups 3 and 4 were inoculated with malaria (Plasmodium berghei); then treated with coartem and coartem + vitamin E respectively. After three (3) weeks of administration of test substance, the mice blood samples were obtained from mice (for each group) and assayed for serum FSH and LH levels. Statistical comparison was then conducted (using the student t-test) against those of control group to ascertain the effects of the changes due to coartem and/or antioxidant vitamin E co-administration to plasmodium berghei infected mice. Study found a statistically significant increase in serum LH levels of male mice after inoculation with plasmodium berghei. This decrease was noticed more even with coartem and antioxidant vitamin E co-administration, implicative of a possible effect in fecundity levels of infected male mice. The level of FSH was significantly increased in infected mice, but however showed a reversal following treatment with coartem and/or antioxidant vitamin E. The effects on reproductive hormones seen here may mirror the effects in man. More studies are needed to elucidate that.","PeriodicalId":7392,"journal":{"name":"Accident Analysis & Prevention","volume":"95 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78162055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-18DOI: 10.11648/J.AAP.20180302.11
Si Li, Peng-bo Zhang, Yong Zhang, Li Wang
Background: the ras oncogene mutations frequently occurred in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), but as a prognostic factor remains inconclusive. Methods: The databases of PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and the Cochrane. 22 eligible studies were included this study and analysis was conducted by Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Version 2 software program. All eligible study’s quality assessment refers to the European Lung Cancer Party quality scale. Results: Combined analysis showed that ras oncogene mutation was a poor impact on survival in AML patients (Hazard ratios (HRs): 1.50, 1.19-1.89, p <0.001). Nras gene mutation was a worse survival marker in AML (HR: 1.97, 95% CI: 1.35-2.89, p <0.001) and Kras gene mutations was no significance (HR: 1.32, 95% CI: 0.83-2.09, p =0.24) by stratified analysis. In the analysis of age bracket, adults with ras gene mutation had an unfavorable survival (HR: 1.55, 95% CI: 1.19-2.21, p =0.01) and children harbored ras gene mutation was not significantly with prognosis (HR: 1.22, 95% CI: 0.97-1.53, p =0.09) in AML. Conclusions: This study indicated that AML patients was poor prognosis especially in adult group with ras oncogene mutation, in which Nras mutation, but not Kras mutation involved in guiding survival.
背景:ras癌基因突变常见于急性髓系白血病(AML)，但其作为预后因素尚无定论。方法:检索PubMed、Web of Science、EMBASE、Cochrane等数据库，纳入22项符合条件的研究，采用第2版综合meta分析软件进行分析。所有符合条件的研究的质量评价参照欧洲肺癌党质量量表。结果:综合分析显示，ras癌基因突变对AML患者的生存影响较小(风险比(hr): 1.50, 1.19-1.89, p <0.001)。分层分析显示，Nras基因突变是AML患者较差的生存标志物(HR: 1.97, 95% CI: 1.35 ~ 2.89, p <0.001)， Kras基因突变无显著性(HR: 1.32, 95% CI: 0.83 ~ 2.09, p =0.24)。在年龄组分析中，ras基因突变的成人对急性髓系白血病患者的生存不利(HR: 1.55, 95% CI: 1.19 ~ 2.21, p =0.01)， ras基因突变的儿童对预后无显著影响(HR: 1.22, 95% CI: 0.97 ~ 1.53, p =0.09)。结论:本研究提示AML患者预后较差，尤其是ras癌基因突变成年组，其中Nras突变参与指导生存，而Kras突变不参与指导生存。
{"title":"The Role of Ras Oncogene Mutations in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients: A Meta-analysis Based on 2502 Cases","authors":"Si Li, Peng-bo Zhang, Yong Zhang, Li Wang","doi":"10.11648/J.AAP.20180302.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AAP.20180302.11","url":null,"abstract":"Background: the ras oncogene mutations frequently occurred in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), but as a prognostic factor remains inconclusive. Methods: The databases of PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and the Cochrane. 22 eligible studies were included this study and analysis was conducted by Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Version 2 software program. All eligible study’s quality assessment refers to the European Lung Cancer Party quality scale. Results: Combined analysis showed that ras oncogene mutation was a poor impact on survival in AML patients (Hazard ratios (HRs): 1.50, 1.19-1.89, p <0.001). Nras gene mutation was a worse survival marker in AML (HR: 1.97, 95% CI: 1.35-2.89, p <0.001) and Kras gene mutations was no significance (HR: 1.32, 95% CI: 0.83-2.09, p =0.24) by stratified analysis. In the analysis of age bracket, adults with ras gene mutation had an unfavorable survival (HR: 1.55, 95% CI: 1.19-2.21, p =0.01) and children harbored ras gene mutation was not significantly with prognosis (HR: 1.22, 95% CI: 0.97-1.53, p =0.09) in AML. Conclusions: This study indicated that AML patients was poor prognosis especially in adult group with ras oncogene mutation, in which Nras mutation, but not Kras mutation involved in guiding survival.","PeriodicalId":7392,"journal":{"name":"Accident Analysis & Prevention","volume":"20 1","pages":"44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84048538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：